ACS108 Overvoltage protected AC switch (ACSTM) Datasheet production data Features Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 surge with overvoltage crowbar technology High noise immunity against static dV/dt and IEC 61000-4-4 burst Needs no external protection snubber or varistor Reduces component count by up to 80% and Interfaces directly with the micro-controller Common package tab connection supports connection of several alternating current switches on the same cooling pad COM OUT TO-92 ACS108-6SA ACS108-8SA COM G COM OUT SOT-223 ACS108-6SN ACS108-8SN VCL gives headroom before clamping then crowbar action Applications Figure 1. Alternating current on/off static switching in appliances and industrial control systems Driving low power high inductive or resistive loads like: - relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser, - pump, fan, low power motor, door lock - lamp Functional diagram OUT G COM OUT G Description The ACS108 belongs to the AC switch range (built with A. S. D.(R) technology). This high performance switch can control a load of up to 0.8 A. The ACS108 switch includes an overvoltage crowbar structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy, and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. G Table 1. COM Common drive reference to connect to the mains Output to connect to the load. Gate input to connect to the controller through gate resistor Device summary Symbol Value Unit IT(RMS) 0.8 A VDRM, VRRM 600 and 800 V IGT 10 mA (R): A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics July 2012 This is information on a product in full production. Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 1/13 www.st.com 13 Characteristics ACS108 1 Characteristics Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter TO-92 IT(RMS) ITSM I2t Tamb = 64 C Value Unit 0.45 A 0.8 A Tlead = 76 C On-state rms current (full sine wave) Non repetitive surge peak on-state current (full cycle sine wave, Tj initial = 25 C) Tamb = 76 C SOT-223 S = 5 cm2 Ttab = 104 C F = 60 Hz t = 16.7 ms F = 50 Hz t = 20 ms 13 tp = 10 ms 1.1 A2 s Tj = 125 C 100 A/s 2 kV Tj = 125 C 1 A 13.7 A It Value for fusing dI/dt Critical rate of rise of on-state current IG = 2xIGT, tr 100 ns VPP Non repetitive mains peak mains voltage(1) IGM Peak gate current VGM Peak positive gate voltage Tj = 125 C 10 V Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 C 0.1 W -40 to +150 -30 to +125 C PG(AV) Tstg Tj F = 120 Hz tp = 20 s Storage junction temperature range Operating junction temperature range 1. According to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18 Table 3. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol IGT(1) VGT VGD Test conditions Quadrant VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 kTj = 125 C Unit II - III Max. 10 mA II - III Max. 1 V II - III Min. 0.15 V IH IOUT = 100 mA Max. 10 mA IL IG = 1.2 x IGT Max. 25 mA VOUT = 402 V, gate open, Tj = 125 C Min. 2000 V/s VOUT = 536 V, gate open, Tj = 125 C Min. 400 V/s Without snubber (15 V/s), Tj = 125 C, turn-off time 20 ms Min. 2 A/ms ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, ACS108-6 Min. 650 V ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, ACS108-8 Min. 850 V dV/dt (dI/dt)c VCL 1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max 2/13 Value Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 ACS108 Characteristics Table 4. Static electrical characteristics Symbol Parameter and test conditions VTM (1) Value Unit ITM = 1.1 A, tp = 500 s Tj = 25 C Max. 1.3 V Vt0 (1) Threshold voltage Tj = 125 C Max. 0.85 V RD (1) Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 C Max. 300 m 2 A 0.2 mA IDRM IRRM Tj = 25 C VOUT = VDRM = VRRM Max. Tj = 125 C 1. For both polarities of OUT referenced to COM Table 5. Thermal resistance Symbol Parameter Value Rth (j-l) Junction to lead (AC) TO-92 Max. 60 Rth (j-t) Junction to tab (AC) SOT-223 Max. 25 TO-92 Max. 150 SOT-223 Max. 60 C/W Rth (j-a) Junction to ambient S = 5 cm Figure 2. 0.9 Unit Maximum power dissipation versus Figure 3. on-state rms current P (W) On-state rms current versus case temperature (SOT223) IT(RMS) (A) 0.9 = 180 0.8 =180 0.8 SOT-223 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 180 0.1 0.1 IT(RMS) (A) TC C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 25 50 75 100 125 3/13 Characteristics Figure 4. ACS108 On-state rms current versus ambient temperature (free air convection) Figure 5. IT(RMS) (A) 1.00 0.9 Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration K=[Zth(j-a) /Rth(j-a) ] Zth(j-a) =180 0.8 SOT-223 0.7 TO-92 0.6 0.5 0.10 0.4 TO-92 SOT-223 0.3 0.2 Single layer Printed circuit board FR4 0.1 TC C Natural convection 0.0 0 25 Figure 6. 50 75 SOT-223 Copper surface area = 5cm tP (s) 100 125 Relative variation of holding and latching current versus junction temperature IH, IL [T j] / IH, IL [T j=25 C] 0.01 1.0E-03 Figure 7. 3.5 3.0 1.0E-02 IL 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03 Relative variation of IGT and VGT versus junction temperature IGT, VGT [Tj] / IGT, VGT, [Tj =25 C] IGT Q2 3.0 2.5 1.0E-01 IGT Q3 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.5 IH 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 VGT Q2-Q3 0.5 Tj(C) Tj(C) 0.0 0.0 -50 -25 Figure 8. 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 Surge peak on-state current versus Figure 9. number of cycles ITSM (A) 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse, and corresponding value of It ITSM(A), It (As) 1.E+03 Sinusoidal pulse, tp < 10 ms Tj initial = 25 C t=20ms ITSM One cycle 1.E+02 Non repetitive Tj initial=25 C SOT-223 Repetitive Ttab = 104 C 1.E+01 1.E+00 TO-92 Repetitive Tlead = 76 C It tp(ms) Number of cycles 1.E-01 1 4/13 0 10 100 1000 0.01 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 0.10 1.00 10.00 ACS108 Characteristics Figure 10. On-state characteristics (maximal values) 100.00 Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus junction temperature ITM(A) (dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj=125 C] 2.5 2.0 10.00 1.5 1.0 1.00 Tj=125 C Tj max.: Tj=25 C 0.5 Vto = 0.85 V VTM(V) Tj (C) Rd = 300 m0 0.0 0.10 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity versus junction temperature(1) 5 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage current versus junction temperature dV/dt [T j] / dV/dt [T j=125C] 1.0E+00 IDRM /IRRM [Tj;V DRM/ VRRM ]/IDRM /IRRM [Tj=125C;8 00V] VD =VR=536V 4 1.0E-01 VDRM=VRRM=800 V 3 VDRM=VRRM=600 V 2 1.0E-02 1 Tj(C) Tj (C) 0 1.0E-03 25 50 75 100 125 25 50 75 100 125 1. VD = VR = 402 V: Typical values above 5 kV/s. Beyond equipment capability Figure 14. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c versus (dV/dt)c 5.0 Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab (SOT-223) (dI/dt)c [ (dV/dt) c ] / Specified (dI/dt) c Rth(j-a) (C/W) 140 Tj =125 C Printed circuit board FR4 copper thickness = 35 m 4.5 SOT-223 120 4.0 3.5 100 3.0 80 2.5 2.0 60 1.5 40 1.0 20 0.5 SCU(cm) (dV/dt)c (V/s) 0 0.0 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 0.0 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5/13 Alternating current mains switch - basic application 2 ACS108 Alternating current mains switch - basic application The ACS108 switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in Figure 16. Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108 switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off snubber. Figure 16. Typical application schematic Valve AC Mains ACS108 Power supply Vss MCU Vdd Rg VT 220 IT 2.1 Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS In comparison with standard Triacs the ACS108 is over-voltage self-protected, as specified by the new parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turnoff of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical network. 2.1.1 High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping With high inductive and low RMS current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is lower than IH. As shown in Figure 17, at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current decreases . The load current reaches the holding current level IH , and the ACS turns off . The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS . The current flows through the ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (230 V rms, 50 Hz). 6/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 ACS108 Alternating current mains switch - basic application Figure 17. Switching off of a high inductive load - typical clamping capability of ACS108 (Tamb = 25 C) 4 VCL IT 1 3 VT 2 IH (200 V/div) 3 4 IT VT 5 (5 mA/div) VCL 1 2 100 s/div 2.1.2 IH 5 Alternating current mains transient voltage ruggedness The ACS108 switch is able to withstand safely the AC mains transients either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking-over when subjected to high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises. The test circuit shown in Figure 18 is representative of the final ACS108 application, and is also used to test the AC switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load limiting the current, the ACS108 switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak mains voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. Actually, the ACS108 breaks over safely as shown in Figure 19. The ACS108 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero crossing of the current). Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC mains voltage polarity. Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads, Tamb = 25 C (conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standard) +2 kV surge generator CC Load 150 5 H ACS108 OUT Mains voltage 230 V rms 50 Hz G VT COM IT Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 220 7/13 Alternating current mains switch - basic application ACS108 Figure 19. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS108 (+2 kV surge, IEC 61000-4-5 standard) VT (200 V/div) IT max = 17.2 A dIT/dt = 1.8 A/s IT (4 A/div) 500 ns/div 8/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 ACS108 3 Ordering information scheme Ordering information scheme Figure 20. Ordering information scheme ACS 1 08 - 6 S A -TR AC switch series Number of switches Current 08 = 0.8 A rms Voltage 6 = 600 V 8 = 800 V Sensitivity S = 10 mA Package A = TO-92 N = SOT-223 Packing TR = Tape and reel 7" (SOT-223, 1000 pieces) 13" (TO-92, 2000 pieces) AP = Ammopack (TO-92, 2000 pieces) Blank = bulk (TO-92, 2500 pieces) Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 9/13 Package information 4 ACS108 Package information Epoxy meets UL94, V0 Lead-free packages In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK(R) packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK(R) specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK(R) is an ST trademark. Table 6. TO-92 dimensions Dimensions Ref Millimeters Min. Typ. Max. Inches Min. Typ. Max. A a B A 1.35 B C 4.70 C F 10/13 D E Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 0.053 0.185 2.54 0.100 D 4.40 0.173 E 12.70 0.500 F 3.70 0.146 a 0.50 0.019 ACS108 Package information Table 7. SOT-223 dimensions Dimensions Ref. V A A1 c Min. A1 D B1 2 Max. Min. Typ. Max. 1.80 0.071 0.02 0.10 0.001 0.004 0.60 0.70 0.85 0.024 0.027 0.033 B1 2.90 3.00 3.15 0.114 0.118 0.124 c 0.24 0.26 0.35 0.009 0.010 0.014 (1) 6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 0.264 e 3 Inches B D 4 E 1 Typ. A B e1 H Millimeters 2.3 e1 0.090 4.6 0.181 E(1) 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 0.146 H 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 0.287 e V 10 max 1. Do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006inches) Figure 21. SOT-223 footprint (dimensions in mm) 3.25 1.32 5.16 7.80 1.32 2.30 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 0.95 11/13 Ordering information 5 ACS108 Ordering information Table 8. Ordering information Order code Marking Package Weight Base Qty Delivery mode TO-92 0.2 g 2500 Bulk TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Tape and reel TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Ammopack SOT-223 0.11 g 1000 Tape and reel TO-92 0.2 g 2500 Bulk TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Tape and reel TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Ammopack SOT-223 0.11 g 1000 Tape and reel ACS108-6SA ACS108-6SA-TR ACS1 086SA ACS108-6SA-AP ACS108-6SN-TR ACS 108 6SN ACS108-8SA ACS108-8SA-TR ACS1 088SA ACS108-8SA-AP ACS108-8SN-TR 6 Revision history 04 Table 9. 12/13 ACS 108 8SN Document revision history Date Revision Changes Apr_2004 1 Initial release. This datasheet covers order codes previously described in the datasheet for ACS108-6S, Doc ID 11962, Rev 3 December 2010. 21-Jun-2005 2 Marking information updated from ACSxxxx to ACS1xxx. 11-Jul-2012 3 Removed 500 V devices and added 600 V and 800 V devices. Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 ACS108 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. (c) 2012 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 13/13