This is information on a product in full production.
July 2012 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 1/13
13
ACS108
Overvoltage protected AC switch (ACS™)
Datasheet production data
Features
■Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5
surge with overvoltage crowbar technology
■High noise immunity against static dV/dt and
IEC 61000-4-4 burst
■Needs no external protection snubber or
varistor
■Reduces component count by up to 80% and
Interfaces directly with the micro-controller
■Common package tab connection supports
connection of several alternating current
switches on the same cooling pad
■VCL gives headroom before clamping then
crowbar action
Applications
■Alternating current on/off static switching in
appliances and industrial control systems
■Driving low power high inductive or resistive
loads like:
– relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser,
– pump, fan, low power motor, door lock
–lamp
Description
The ACS108 belongs to the AC switch range (built
with A. S. D.® technology). This high performance
switch can control a load of up to 0.8 A. The
ACS108 switch includes an overvoltage crowbar
structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy,
and a gate level shifter driver to separate the
digital controller from the main switch. It is
triggered with a negative gate current flowing out
of the gate pin.
Figure 1. Functional diagram
®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics
TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics
Table 1. Device summary
Symbol Value Unit
IT(RMS) 0.8 A
VDRM, VRRM 600 and 800 V
IGT 10 mA
COM
OUT
COM
G
COM
OUT G
SOT-223
ACS108-6SN
ACS108-8SN
TO-92
ACS108-6SA
ACS108-8SA
OUT
COM
G
COM Common drive reference to connect
to the mains
OUT Output to connect to the load.
G Gate input to connect to the controller
through gate resistor
www.st.com
Characteristics ACS108
2/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3
1 Characteristics
Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
IT(RMS) On-state rms current (full sine wave)
TO-92 Tamb = 64 °C 0.45 A
Tlead = 76 °C
0.8 A
SOT-223
S = 5 cm2
Tamb = 76 °C
Ttab = 104 °C
ITSM
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
(full cycle sine wave, Tj initial = 25 °C)
F = 60 Hz t = 16.7 ms 13.7 A
F = 50 Hz t = 20 ms 13
I2t I²t Value for fusing tp = 10 ms 1.1 A2s
dI/dt Critical rate of rise of on-state current
IG = 2xIGT
, tr 100 ns F = 120 Hz Tj = 125 °C 100 A/µs
VPP Non repetitive mains peak mains voltage(1) 2kV
IGM Peak gate current tp = 20 µs Tj = 125 °C 1 A
VGM Peak positive gate voltage Tj = 125 °C 10 V
PG(AV) Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W
Tstg
Tj
Storage junction temperature range
Operating junction temperature range
-40 to +150
-30 to +125 °C
1. According to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18
Table 3. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Value Unit
IGT(1)
1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33
II - III Max. 10 mA
VGT II - III Max. 1 V
VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 kTj = 125 °C II - III Min. 0.15 V
IH I
OUT = 100 mA Max. 10 mA
ILIG = 1.2 x IGT Max. 25 mA
dV/dt VOUT = 402 V, gate open, Tj = 125 °C Min. 2000 V/µs
VOUT = 536 V, gate open, Tj = 125 °C Min. 400 V/µs
(dI/dt)c Without snubber (15 V/µs), Tj = 125 °C, turn-off time 20 ms Min. 2 A/ms
VCL
ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, ACS108-6 Min. 650 V
ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, ACS108-8 Min. 850 V
ACS108 Characteristics
Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 3/13
Table 4. Static electrical characteristics
Symbol Parameter and test conditions Value Unit
VTM (1) ITM = 1.1 A, tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C Max. 1.3 V
Vt0 (1) Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C Max. 0.85 V
RD (1) Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C Max. 300 m
IDRM
IRRM
VOUT = VDRM = VRRM
Tj = 25 °C Max. 2µA
Tj = 125 °C 0.2 mA
1. For both polarities of OUT referenced to COM
Table 5. Thermal resistance
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
Rth (j-l) Junction to lead (AC) TO-92 Max. 60
°C/W
Rth (j-t) Junction to tab (AC) SOT-223 Max. 25
Rth (j-a) Junction to ambient TO-92 Max. 150
S = 5 cm² SOT-223 Max. 60
Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus
on-state rms current
Figure 3. On-state rms current versus case
temperature (SOT223)
P (W)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
α= 180°
I (A)
T(RMS)
180°
I (A)
T(RMS)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0 25 50 75 100 125
α=180°
SOT-223
T°C
C
Characteristics ACS108
4/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3
Figure 4. On-state rms current versus
ambient temperature
(free air convection)
Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal
impedance junction to ambient
versus pulse duration
I (A)
T(RMS)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0 25 50 75 100 125
Single layer Printed
circuit board FR4
Natural convection
TO-92
SOT-223
α=180°
T°C
C
K=[Z
th(j-a)
/R
th(j-a)
]
0.01
0.10
1.00
1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03
Zth(j-a)
SOT-223
Copper surface
area = 5cm²
TO-92
SOT-223
t (s)
P
Figure 6. Relative variation of holding and
latching current versus junction
temperature
Figure 7. Relative variation of IGT and VGT
versus junction temperature
I
GT
,V
GT
[T
j
]/I
GT
,V
GT
,[T
j
=25 °C]
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
IGT Q2
VGT Q2-Q3
IGT Q3
Tj(°C)
Figure 8. Surge peak on-state current versus
number of cycles
Figure 9. Non repetitive surge peak on-state
current for a sinusoidal pulse, and
corresponding value of I²t
I
TSM
(A)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1 10 100 1000
Non repetitive
T
j
initial=25 °C
TO-92
Repetitive
T
lead
= 76 °C
SOT-223
Repetitive
T
tab
= 104°C
One cycle
t=20ms
Number of cycles
ITSM(A), I²t (A²s)
1.E-01
1.E+00
1.E+01
1.E+02
1.E+03
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00
ITSM
I²t
Sinusoidal pulse,
tp< 10 ms
Tjinitial = 25 °C
(ms)tp
ACS108 Characteristics
Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 5/13
Figure 10. On-state characteristics (maximal
values)
Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current versus
junction temperature
ITM(A)
0.10
1.00
10.00
100.00
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
Tjmax.:
Vto= 0.85 V
Rd= 300 m0
Tj=25 °C
Tj=125 °C
VTM(V)
(dI/dt) [T ] / (dI/dt) [T =125 °C]
cc
jj
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125
T (°C)
j
Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt
immunity versus junction
temperature(1)
Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage
current versus junction
temperature
1. VD = VR = 402 V: Typical values above 5 kV/µs. Beyond equipment capability
dV/dt [Tj]/dV/dt[T
j=125°C]
0
1
2
3
4
5
25 50 75 100 125
VD=VR=536V
Tj(°C)
1.0E-03
1.0E-02
1.0E-01
1.0E+00
25 50 75 100 125
I
DRM
/I
RRM
[Tj;V
DRM/
V
RRM
]/I
DRM
/I
RRM
[Tj=125°C;8 00V]
VDRM=VRRM=600 V
VDRM=VRRM=800 V
Tj(°C)
Figure 14. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current (di/dt)c
versus (dV/dt)c
Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to
ambient versus copper surface
under tab (SOT-223)
(dI/dt)
c
[(dV/dt)
c
] / Specified (dI/dt)
c
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0
Tj =125 °C
(dV/dt)c(V/µs)
R
th(j-a)
(°C/W)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
SOT-223
SCU(cm²)
Printed circuit board FR4
copper thickness = 35 µm
Alternating current mains switch - basic application ACS108
6/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3
2 Alternating current mains switch - basic application
The ACS108 switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The
switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in
Figure 16.
Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108
switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off
snubber.
Figure 16. Typical application schematic
2.1 Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS
In comparison with standard Triacs the ACS108 is over-voltage self-protected, as specified
by the new parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turn-
off of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical
network.
2.1.1 High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping
With high inductive and low RMS current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very
low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is
lower than IH.
As shown in Figure 17, at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current
decreases ➀. The load current reaches the holding current level IH ➁, and the ACS turns off
➂. The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and an
overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS ➃. The current flows through the ACS
avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is
limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is
dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has
been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (230 V rms, 50 Hz)➄.
AC Mains
ACS108
Valve
Power supply
MCU
Vdd
Vss Rg
220 Ω
IT
VT
ACS108 Alternating current mains switch - basic application
Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 7/13
Figure 17. Switching off of a high inductive load - typical clamping capability of
ACS108 (Tamb = 25 °C)
2.1.2 Alternating current mains transient voltage ruggedness
The ACS108 switch is able to withstand safely the AC mains transients either by clamping
the low energy spikes or by breaking-over when subjected to high energy shocks, even with
high turn-on current rises.
The test circuit shown in Figure 18 is representative of the final ACS108 application, and is
also used to test the AC switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks
to the load limiting the current, the ACS108 switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV
above the peak mains voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. Actually, the ACS108 breaks over safely as shown in Figure 19. The ACS108
recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero
crossing of the current).
Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC mains voltage polarity.
Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads,
Tamb = 25 °C (conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standard)
1
2
3
4
5
IH
VCL
100 µs/div
I
(5 mA/div)
T
V
(200 V/div)
T
IH
VCL
V
I
1
23
4
5
IH
VCL
VT
IT
1
23
4
5
Load
220 Ω
ACS108
150 Ω5 µH
+2 kV surge
generator
CC
OUT
G
COM
Mains
voltage
230 V rms
50 Hz
IT
VT
Alternating current mains switch - basic application ACS108
8/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3
Figure 19. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS108 (+2 kV surge,
IEC 61000-4-5 standard)
IT(4 A/div)
VT(200 V/div)
IT max = 17.2 A
dIT/dt = 1.8 A/µs
500 ns/div
ACS108 Ordering information scheme
Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 9/13
3 Ordering information scheme
Figure 20. Ordering information scheme
ACS 1 08 - 6 S A -TR
AC switch series
Number of switches
Current
Voltage
Sensitivity
Package
Packing
08 = 0.8 A rms
6 = 600 V
8 = 800 V
S = 10 mA
A = TO-92
N = SOT-223
TR = Tape and reel 7” (SOT-223, 1000 pieces) 13” (TO-92, 2000 pieces)
AP = Ammopack (TO-92, 2000 pieces)
Blank = (TO-92, 2500 pieces)bulk
Package information ACS108
10/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3
4 Package information
●Epoxy meets UL94, V0
●Lead-free packages
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Table 6. TO-92 dimensions
Ref
Dimensions
Millimeters Inches
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
A1.35 0.053
B 4.70 0.185
C2.54 0.100
D 4.40 0.173
E 12.70 0.500
F 3.70 0.146
a 0.50 0.019
A
F
C
B
a
DE
ACS108 Package information
Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 11/13
Figure 21. SOT-223 footprint (dimensions in mm)
Table 7. SOT-223 dimensions
Ref.
Dimensions
Millimeters Inches
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
A1.800.071
A1 0.02 0.10 0.001 0.004
B 0.60 0.70 0.85 0.024 0.027 0.033
B1 2.90 3.00 3.15 0.114 0.118 0.124
c 0.24 0.26 0.35 0.009 0.010 0.014
D(1)
1. Do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006inches)
6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 0.264
e 2.3 0.090
e1 4.6 0.181
E(1) 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 0.146
H 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 0.287
V 10° max
A
A1
e1
D
B1
HE
e
12
4
3
B
Vc
3.25
1.32
7.80
5.16
1.32
2.30 0.95
Ordering information ACS108
12/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3
5 Ordering information
6 Revision history
04
Table 8. Ordering information
Order code Marking Package Weight Base Qty Delivery mode
ACS108-6SA
ACS1 086SA
TO-92 0.2 g 2500 Bulk
ACS108-6SA-TR TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Tape and reel
ACS108-6SA-AP TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Ammopack
ACS108-6SN-TR ACS 108 6SN SOT-223 0.11 g 1000 Tape and reel
ACS108-8SA
ACS1 088SA
TO-92 0.2 g 2500 Bulk
ACS108-8SA-TR TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Tape and reel
ACS108-8SA-AP TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Ammopack
ACS108-8SN-TR ACS 108 8SN SOT-223 0.11 g 1000 Tape and reel
Table 9. Document revision history
Date Revision Changes
Apr_2004 1
Initial release. This datasheet covers order codes previously
described in the datasheet for ACS108-6S, Doc ID 11962, Rev 3
December 2010.
21-Jun-2005 2Marking information updated from ACSxxxx to ACS1xxx.
11-Jul-2012 3Removed 500 V devices and added 600 V and 800 V devices.
ACS108
Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 13/13
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