19-0175; Rev 1; 6/94 MAXAKLIM +15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers General Description The MAX202E/MAX232E/MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E line drivers/receivers are designed for RS-232 and V.28 communications in harsh environments. Each transmitter output and receiver input is protected against +15kV electrostatic discharge (ESD) shocks, without latchup. The MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E comprise four line drivers and five receivers; they also feature a shutdown mode and a receiver-enable input. The MAX202E and MAX232E have two drivers and two receivers. The drivers and receivers for all five devices meet all EIA/TIA- 232E and CCITT V.28 specifications at data rates up to 120kbps when loaded in accordance with the EIA/TIA- 232E specification. The MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E are available in a 28- pin wide SO package, as well as a 28-pin SSOP package that requires 60% less board space. The MAX202E and MAX232E come in 16-pin narrow SO, wide SO, DIP and CERDIP packages, as well as a 20-pin ceramic LCC package. The MAX232E and MAX241E operate with four 1F capacitors, while the MAX202E/ MAX211E/MAX213E operate with four 0.1uF capacitors, further reducing cost and board space. Applications Notebook, Subnotebook and Palmtop Computers Battery-Powered Equipment Hand-Held Equipment Selection Table a\% %\ % % %\% t @ 7, 9 \ & A\S\ & ? . \ 2 \%\o 2 \ 4 % %\ 2 a \e\% e\%\%, % \eV\Va\ & \S\6\% 2 =~ % A\S\3\ % \A\S\3 % % \ %, % \2\%S\% - * S Ge s 4 MAX202E | 2 | 2 | No | No | 01 | +15 MAX211E | 4 { 5 | Yes | Yes | 0.1 | 15 MAX213E | 4 [ 5 | Yes* | Yes | 0.1 [+15 mMax232E [| 2 [ 2 [ No | No | 10 | +15 MAX241E | 4 | 5 | Yes | Yes [| 10 | +15 Two receivers active 1 LapLink is a registered trademark of Traveling Software, Inc. PRAXLM Features Better than Bipolar! ESD Protection: +15kVHuman Body Model +8kVIEC801-2, Contact Discharge +15kV1EC801-2, Air-Gap Discharge Latchup Free (unlike bipolar equivalents) 2 Drivers, 2 Receivers (MAX202E/232E) 4 Drivers, 5 Receivers (MAX211E/213E/241E) Guaranteed 120kbps Data Rate LapLink Compatible @ Guaranteed 3V/us Min Slew Rate @ Operate from Single +5V Power Supply Ordering Information PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX202ECPE OC to +70C 16 Plastic DIP MAX202ECSE OC to +70C 16 Narrow SO MAX202ECWE OC to +70C 16 Wide SO MAX202EC/D 0C to +70C Dice* MAX202EEPE -40C to +85C 16 Plastic DIP MAX202EESE -40C to +85C 16 Narrow SO MAX202EEWE -40C to +85C 16 Wide SO Ordering information continued at end of data sheet. *Dice are specified at TA = +25C. Pin Configurations TOP VIEW a crf 6] Yee vw [2] 5] GNO -L3) Anaxiaa [14] t0UT C24 fa] MANZI2E 43] RIIN ce- [5 AN232E RIQUT v- [6 [11] TAIN Ta0uT [7 | [+0] T2IN Rain Fe | g | R20UT DIP/SO Pin Configurations and Typical Operating Circuits continued at end of data sheet. Call toll free 1-800-998-8800 for free samples or literature. Maxim Integrated Products 2-43 FELPCXVW/ACECXVW/AE LEXVW/AL LSXVW/ACOCXVUNMAX202E/MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E +15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS cece cece eeececeetateseseecscateasereseeveseecseesentecesienenetigeeaes -0.3V to +6V 20-Pin LCC (derate 9.09mW/C above +70C) 1. 727MW . (Vcc - 0.3V) to +14V 28-Pin Wide SO (derate 12.50mW/C above +70C) ..1000mW dae eaecueesesevesuseseeesseneeasensenscsenesteesesnseseeseeneesetaeaeeees -14V to +0.3V 28-Pin SSOP (derate 9.52mW/C above +70C)...........762mW Operating Temperature Ranges cetetesesteteecseeeaceeseeaeeteceneataceeeeseteeeeeeeiead -0.3V to (Vcc + 0.3V) MAX2_ EC 8 ccc ccesseececrereseeerteaterseteeetseseeeer dG to +70C cece caescaeenscececaeaeacaeteeeeeaeetieestsatasscessuaneeanesseeeesiuetensieaeetend +30V MAX2_ _EE_ 40C to +85C MAX232EM__ oe -55C to +125C TOUT. ee ceccccetccete crete cneeesneteernees (V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V) Storage Temperature Range............ -65C to +165C a .-0.3V to (Vcc + 0.3V) Lead Temperature (soldering, 10SC) ......... cee +300C Short-Circuit Duration, TOUT..00.. eee Continuous Power Dissipation (Ta = +70C) 16-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/C above +70C) .842mW 16-Pin Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/C above +70C) ...696mW 16-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/C above +70C) ......762mW 16-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/C above +70C).....300mW Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Voc = 4.5V to 5.5V, C1-C4 = 0.1pF for MAX202E/MAX211E/MAX213E, C1-C4 = 1.0pF for MAX232E/MAX241E, Ta = TMIN to TMax, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at Ta = +25C.) PARAMETER [SYMBOL | CONDITIONS | MIN TYP MAX [UNITS DC CHARACTERISTICS Operating Voltage Range Veco 4.5 5.5 Vv MAX202E 8 15 MAX211E/MAX213E 14-20 Voc Supply Current I No load, Ta = +25C mA GC Supply urren ce otoa NAS + MAX232E 5 10 [| MAX241E 7 15 MAX21 1E/MAX241E 1 10 Shutdown Supply Current Ta = +25C, Figure 1 utdown Supply Curr Azt igure MAX213E 15 50 pA LOGIC Input Pull-Up Current T_IN = OV (MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E) 15.200 pA Input Leakage Current T_IN = OV to Voc (MAX202E/MAX232E) +10 pA T_IN; EN, SHDN (MAX213) or Input Threshold Low VIL EN, SHDN (MAX211E/MAX241E) 0.8 Vv TIN 2.0 Input Threshold High VIH EN, SHDN (MAX213) or 24 Vv EN, SHDN (MAX211E/MAX241E) R_OUT: lout = 3.2mA (MAX202E/MAX232E) or Output Voltage Low Vou | out = 1.6mA (MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX241E) 04 v Output Voltage High VOH R_OUT: lout = -1.0mA 3.5 Voc - 0.4 Vv OV < Rout < Vcc, Output Leakage Current MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E outputs disabled +0.05 +10 | pA 2-44 MA AXLAA+15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vcc = 4.5V to 5.5V, C1-C4 = 0.1pF for MAX202E/MAX211E/MAX213E, C1-C4 = 1,.0uF for MAX232E/MAX241E, Ta = Tain to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER | SYMBOL | CONDITIONS | MIN TYP MAX | UNITS EIA/TIA-232E RECEIVER INPUTS Input Voltage Range -30 +30 Vv All parts, normal ti 08 12 Input Threshold Low Ta = +25C, Voc = 5V paris, nome Vv MAX213E in shutdown 0.6 15 All parts, normal operation 17 2.4 Input Threshold High Ta = +25C, Vcc = 5V MAX213E (R4, R5), 15 24 Vv SHDN = OV, EN = Vcc . , . Vcc = 5V, no hysteresis for the Input Hysteresis MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX241E in shutdown 02 05 10 v Input Resistance Ta = +25C, Vcc =5V 3 5 7 kQ EIA/TIA-232E TRANSMITTER OUTPUTS Output Voltage Swing All driver inputs loaded with 3kQ to ground (Note 1) +5.0 +9 v Output Resistance Voc = V+ =V- = OV, VouT = 2V 300 Q Output Short-Circuit +10 +60 mA Current ~ ~ TIMING CHARACTERISTICS Maximum Data Rate RL = 3kQ to 7kQ, CL = 50pF to 1000pF, one transmitter 120 kbps switching R p All parts, normal operation 0.5 10 iver Pro; tion t , Delay ran, | CL = 180pF MAX213E (R4, R65), 4 4 | 4 SHDN = OV, EN = Vcc Receiver Output Enable MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E, normal operation, 600 ns Time Figure 2 Receiver Output Disable MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E, normal operation, 200 ns Time Figure 2 Transmitter Propagation {PLHT. = _ . Delay (PHT RL = 3kQ, CL = 2500pF, all transmitters loaded 2 ps AA : Ta = +25C, Voc = 5V, RL = 3kQ to 7kQ, ganstion Region CL = S0pF to 2500pF, 3 6 30 | Vis measured from -3V to +3V or +3V to -3V, Figure 3 Note 1: MAX211EE__ and MAX213EE__ tested with Vcc = 5V +5%. MAAXUIMA 2-45 ALVCXVW/ACESXVW/SELZXVW/SAL LCXV/ACOCXVNMAX202E/MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E +15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers Typical Operating Characteristics (Typical Operating Circuits, Vcc = 5.0V, Ta = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) MAX232E MAX202E MAX241E TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE a0 vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE : s ALL RATE = 120kbps RATE = 120kbps DATA RATE = 120kbps 75 AL =3kQ = = 70 = = = _ ot S65 g e x x= = = 60 S$ S$ 55 =45V ASV Vec = 5.0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) MAX211E/MAX213E MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E MAX202E/MAX232E TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRANSMITTER SLEW RATE TRANSMITTER SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE 0 vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE 30. 14.0 ALL ALL ALL RATE = 120kbps DATA RATE = 120kbps RATE = 120kbps R= 3k 25.0 = 12.0 RL = 3kQ Z200 @ 10.0 : s S E 150 E 80 = =z & S = > 4 10.0 & 6.0 wa wn 5.0 4.0 - =5 iV 0 2.0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 s000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) 2-46 MAAKIAA+ 1415kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers Pin Descriptions MAX202E/MAX232E PIN NAME FUNCTION DIP/SO tcc 1,3 2,4 Ci+, C1- Terminals for positive charge-pump capacitor 2 3 V+ +2Vcc voltage generated by the charge pump 4,5 5,7 C2+, C2- Terminals for negative charge-pump capacitor 6 8 V- -2Vcc voltage generated by the charge pump 7,14 9, 18 T_OUT RS-232 Driver Outputs 8,13 10, 17 R_IN RS-232 Receiver Inputs 9, 12 12, 15 ROUT RS-232 Receiver Outputs 10, 11 13, 14 T_IN RS-232 Driver Inputs 15 19 GND Ground 16 20 Voc +4.5V to +5.5V Supply Voltage Input _ 4,6, 11, 16 N.C. No Connectnot internally connected MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX241E PIN NAME FUNCTION 1, 2,3, 28 T_OUT RS-232 Driver Outputs 4,9, 18, 23, 27 R_IN RS-232 Receiver Inputs 5. B. 19, 22.26 ROUT TTLICMOS Receiver Outputs. For the MAX213E, receivers R4 and R5 are active in shutdown vos" - mode when EN = 1. For the MAX211E and MAX241E, all receivers are inactive in shutdown. 6, 7, 20, 21 TLIN TTLICMOS Driver inputs. Only the MAX211E, MAX213E, and MAX241E have internal pull-ups to Vcc. 10 GND Ground 1 Vcc +4.5V to +5.5V Supply Voltage 12, 14 Ci+, C1- Terminals for positive charge-pump capacitor 13 V+ +2Vcc voltage generated by the charge pump 15, 16 C2+, C2- Terminals for negative charge-pump capacitor 17 V- -2Vcc voltage generated by the charge pump EN Receiver Enableactive low (MAX211E, MAX241E) 24 EN Receiver Enableactive high (MAX213E) 95 SHDN Shutdown Controlactive high (MAX211E, MAX241E) SHON Shutdown Controlactive low (MAX213E) MAAXIAA 2-47 FLPSXVW/ACESXVW/FAE FOXVUW/Al LOXVW/ACOCXVINMAX202E/MAX21 1 E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E + 15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers as + +5.5V > iN 43 O.1pF* Tr 0.1yF* INPUT = 7 ov Ct+ cc Ve oae* +o . | [ OUTPUT ENABLE TIME TS Ic. AAAXLAA | 0-10 |_ MAX2IIE v-L-} Fa. +35 +I] Veg MAXZISE = RECEIVER y ony | MAX241E ourpur. pS 2.8V_ C2 > 400k C;, = 150pF 11015 BV 455V pe LN RI TORS ak eo V Nove: INPUT j<q OUTPUT DISABLE TIME + at POLARITY OF EN OV OR 45.5V = I$ REVERSED Wer se Von -0.1V pave > FOR THE RECEIVER * 428v MAX213E OUTPUTS ye R= KD +5.5V (0V) J SHDN (SHDN) _L ~~" FV. +0.1V GND = ( ) ARE FOR MAX2136 LL CAPACITORS MAY BE * pF FOR MAX241E POLARIZED OR UNPOLARIZED Figure 1. Shutdown-Current Test Circuit Figure 2. Receiver Output Enable and Disable Timing (MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX241E) (MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX241E) + + +5V -__+___} +5V 91 O.AyF* > our O.AyF* > ope 7 V 7 Vi ee FF] Ct+ ce V+ one | Ct+ cc V+ RD_Ic1. AAAXLAA | 01F* ttc. AAAXLAA O.1uF * MAX2__E v-} O.1yF* fe] = oye" Ee] TC TL 1 am ak - T - EN Be = OV (45V) mH =- = = OV 45V) OV (+5V) BT SHON (SHDN) wl OV (+5V) Bm} SHDN (SHDN) l. MINIMUM SLEW-RATE TEST CIRCUIT MAXIMUM SLEW-RATE TEST CIRCUIT () ARE FOR MAX213E 1 FOR MAX232E/MAX241E TRANSMITTER INPUT PULL-UP RESISTORS, ENABLE, AND SHUTDOWN ARE NOT PROVIDED ON THE MAX202E AND MAX232E. Figure 3. Transition Slew-Rate Circuit 2-48 MAXIM+15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers Detailed Description The MAX202E/MAX232E/MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX241E consist of three sections: charge-pump voltage converters, drivers (transmitters), and receivers. These E versions of the MAX202, MAX211, MAX213, MAX232 and MAX241 provide extra protection against ESD. They survive +15kV discharges to the RS-232 inputs and outputs, tested using the Human Body Model. When tested according to IEC801-2, they survive +8kV contact-discharges and +15kV air-gap discharges. The rugged MAX202E/MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX232E/ MAX241E are intended for use in harsh environments, or applications where the RS-232 connection is frequently changed (such as notebook computers). The standard {non-E) MAX202, MAX211, MAX213, MAX232 and MAX241 are recommended for applications where cost is critical. +5V to + 10V Dual Charge-Pump Voltage Converter The +5V to +10V conversion is performed by dual charge-pump voltage converters (Figure 4). The first charge-pump converter uses capacitor C1 to double the +5V into +10V, storing the +10V on the output filter capacitor, C3. The second uses C2 to invert the +10V into -10V, storing the -10V on the V- output filter capacitor, C4. In shutdown mode, V+ is internally connected to Vcc by a 1kQ pull-down resistor and V- is internally connected to ground by a 1kQ pull-up resistor. RS-232 Drivers With Vcc = 5V, the typical driver output voltage swing is 8V when loaded with a nominal 5kQ RS-232 receiver. The output swing is guaranteed to meet EIA/TIA-232E and V.28 specifications that call for +5V minimum output levels under worst-case conditions. These include a 3kQ load, minimum Vcc, and maximum operating temperature. The open-circuit output voltage swings from (V+ - 0.6V) to V-. Input thresholds are both CMOS and TTL compatible. The inputs of unused drivers on the MAX211E, MAX213E, and MAX241E can be left unconnected because 400kQ pull-up resistors to Vcc are included on-chip. Since all drivers invert, the pull-up resistors force the outputs of unused drivers low. The MAX202E and MAX232E do not have pull-up resistors on the transmitter inputs. When in low-power shutdown mode, the MAX211E/ MAX213E/MAX241E driver outputs are turned off and draw only leakage currentseven if they are back- driven with voltages between OV and 12V. Below -0.5V in shutdown, the transmitter output is diode-clamped to ground with a 1kQ series impedance. RS-232 Receivers The receivers convert the RS-232 signals to CMOS-logic output levels. The guaranteed 0.8V and 2.4V receiver input thresholds are significantly tighter than the +3V thresholds required by the EIA/TIA-232E specification. This allows the receiver inputs to respond to TTL/CMOS- logic levels, as well as RS-232 levels. an : ! mat__[_ FO MAX202E 230kHz FCLK MAX211E/213E | 200kHz MAX232E 140kHz MAX241E 30kHzZ Figure 4. Charge-Pump Diagram 2-49 MAXIM ALVCXVIN/ACECXUW/SE FEXVW/ALLCXVIN/ACOCXVNNMAX202E/MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E + 15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers The guaranteed 0.8V input low threshold ensures that receivers shorted to ground have a logic 1 output. The 5kQ input resistance to ground ensures that a receiver with its input left open will also have a logic 1 output. Receiver inputs have approximately 0.5V hysteresis. This provides clean output transitions, even with slow rise- and fall-time signals with moderate amounts of noise and ringing. In shutdown, the MAX213E's R4 and R65 receivers have no hysteresis. Shutdown and Enable Control (MAX21 1 E/MAX213E/MAX241E) In shutdown mode, the charge pumps are turned off, V+ is pulled down to Vcc, V- is pulled to ground, and the transmitter outputs are disabled. This reduces supply current typically to 1pA (15pHA for the MAX213E). The time required to exit shutdown is under ims, as shown in Figure 5. Receivers All MAX213E receivers, except R4 and R5, are put into a high-impedance state in shutdown mode (see Tables ja and 1b). The MAX213E's R4 and R85 receivers still function in shutdown mode. These two awake-in- shutdown receivers can monitor external activity while maintaining minimal power consumption. The enable control is used to put the receiver outputs into a high-impedance state, to allow wire-OR connection of two EIA/TIA-232E ports (or ports of different types) at the UART. It has no effect on the RS-232 drivers or the charge pumps. Note: The enable control pin is active low for the MAX211E and the MAX241E (EN) but is active high for the MAX213E (EN). The shutdown control pin is active high for the MAX211E and the MAX241E (SHDN), but is active low for the MAX213E (SHDN). The MAX213Es receiver propagation delay is typically 0.5us in normal operation. In shutdown mode, propagation delay increases to 4s for both rising and falling transitions. The MAX213Es receiver inputs have approximately 0.5V hysteresis, except in shutdown when receivers R4 and R5 have no hysteresis. When entering shutdown with receivers active, R4 and R5 are not valid until 80s after SHDN is driven low. When coming out of shutdown, all receiver outputs are invalid until the charge pumps reach nominal values (less than 2ms when using 0.1pF capacitors). 2-50 MAX211E wv op > 4 So, SHDN YY. rr Ve BV enn ee ts OV froteteeetheeegee fe ebb \ : y v Ne -10V 8 200us/div Figure 5. MAX211E V+ and V- when Exiting Shutdown (0. 1pF capacitors) Table 1a. MAX211E/MAX241E Control Pin Configurations SHDN | EN | ORSON | Txt-4 Rx 1-5 o jo Operation All Active All Active o | 4 Operation All Active All High-Z 1 |X | Shutdown | All High-Z All High-Z X = Don't Care Table 1b. MAX213E Control Pin Configurations Rx OPERATION SHDN | EN STATUS Tx 1-4 13 a5 0 0 | Shutdown All High-Z | High-Z High-Z 0 1 | Shutdown All High-Z | High-Z Active* Normal . - . 1 0 Operation All Active High-Z High-Z 1 | 1 | Normal All Active | Active | Active Operation Active = active with reduced performance MAAXLIM+15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers Rc 1M Rp 15002 o CHARGE CURRENT DISCHARGE LIMIT RESISTOR RESISTANCE HIGH DEVICE VOLTAGE Cs STORAGE UNDER pe 100pF CAPACITOR ~| TEST SOURCE Figure 6a. Human Body ESD Test Model Ip 100% Ir PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE) ' 90% AMPERES /| 36.8% 10% PN 0 7 0 TIME t ~~ t to CURRENT WAVEFORM taL Figure 6b. Human Body Model Current Waveform +15kV ESD Protection As with all Maxim devices, ESD-protection structures are incorporated on all pins to protect against electrostatic discharges encountered during handling and assembly. The driver outputs and receiver inputs have extra protection against static electricity. Maxims engineers developed state-of-the-art structures to protect these pins against ESD of +15kV without damage. The ESD structures withstand high ESD in all states: normal operation, shutdown, and powered down. After an ESD event, Maxims MAX202E/ MAX211E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E keep working without latchup, whereas competing RS-232 products can latch and must be powered down to remove latchup. ESD protection can be tested in various ways; the transmitter outputs and receiver inputs of this product family are characterized for protection to the following limits: 1) +15kV using the Human Body Model 2) +8kV using the contact discharge method specified in lEC801-2 3) +15kV using IEC801-2s air-gap method. MAAXISA ESD Test Conditions ESD performance depends on a variety of conditions. Contact Maxim for a reliability report that documents test set-up, test methodology, and test results. Human Body Medel Figure 6a shows the Human Body Model, and Figure 6b shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which is then discharged into the test device through a 1.5k& resistor. 1EC801-2 The IEC801-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment; it does not specifically refer to integrated circuits. The MAX202E/ MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E help you design equipment that meets level 4 (the highest level) of 1EC801-2, without the need for additional ESD- protection components. The major difference between tests done using the Human Body Model and IEC801-2 is higher peak current in IEC801-2, because series resistance is lower in the lEC801-2 model. Hence, the ESD withstand voltage measured to IEC801-2 is generally tower than that measured using the Human Body Model. Figure 7b shows the current waveform for the 8kV IEC801-2 level- four ESD contact-discharge test. The air-gap test involves approaching the device with a charged probe. The contact-discharge method connects the probe to the device before the probe is energized. Machine Model The Machine Model for ESD tests all pins using a 200pF storage capacitor and zero discharge resistance. Its objective is to emulate the stress caused by contact that occurs with handling and assembly during manufacturing. Of course, all pins require this protection during manufacturingnot just RS-232 inputs and outputs. Therefore, after PC board assembly, the Machine Model is less relevant to I/O ports. Applications Information Capacitor Selection The capacitor type used for C1-C4 is not critical for proper operation. The MAX202E, MAX211E and MAX213E require 0.1nF capacitors, and the MAX232E and MAX241E require ipF capacitors, although in all cases capacitors up to 10uF can be used without harm. Ceramic, aluminum-electrolytic, or tantalum capacitors are suggested for the 1uF capacitors, and ceramic 2-51 ALPCXVW/ACECXVW/AE LEXVW/AL LCXVW/A3COCXVINMAX202E/MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E +15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers Rc 50M to 100M = =s Rp 33022 DISCHARGE CHARGE CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR RESISTANCE HIGH wm) DEVICE VOLTAGE Cs STORAGE UNDER DC 150pF CAPACITOR TEST SOURCE Figure 7a. 1EC801-2 ESD Test Model dielectrics are suggested for the 0.1pF capacitors. When using the minimum recommended capacitor values, make sure the capacitance value does not degrade excessively as the operating temperature varies. If in doubt, use capacitors with a larger (e.g., 2x) nominal value. The capacitors effective series resistance (ESR), which usually rises at low temperatures, influences the amount of ripple on V+ and V-. To reduce the output impedance at V+ and V-, use larger capacitors (up to 10uF). This can be useful when stealing power from V+ or from V-. Bypass Vcc to ground with at least O.1pF. In applications sensitive to power-supply noise generated by the charge pumps, decouple Vcc to ground with a capacitor the same size as (or larger than) the charge- pump capacitors (C1-C4). V+ and V- as Power Supplies A small amount of power can be drawn from V+ and V-, although this will reduce both driver output swing and noise margins. Increasing the value of the charge-pump capacitors (up to 10uF) helps maintain performance when power is drawn from V+ or V-. 2-52 i 100% P-..-----f--------}------- 90% } - 4 = & wW 10% - tr =0.7ns to ins >} <a t vg 30Ons | <#_ 60nS p Figure 7b. 1EC801-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform Driving Multiple Receivers Each transmitter is designed to drive a single receiver. Transmitters can be paralleled to drive multiple receivers. Driver Outputs when Exiting Shutdown The driver outputs display no ringing or undesirable transients as they come out of shutdown. High Data Rates These transceivers maintain the RS-232 +5.0V minimum driver output voltages at data rates of over 120kbps. Communication at these high rates is made easier if the capacitive loads on the transmitters are small; i.e., short cables are best. MAAXKLM+15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers Table 2. Summary of EIA/TIA-232E, V.28 Specifications PARAMETER CONDITION EIA/TIA-232E, V.28 SPECIFICATION Driver Output Voltage 0 Level 3kQ. to 7kQ load +5.0V to +15V 1 Level 3kQ to 7kQ load -5.0V to -15V Output Level, Max No load +25V 3kQ. SAL s 7kQ, Data Rate CL $ 2500pF Up to 20kbps Receiver Input Voltage 0 Level +3.0V to +15V 1 Level -3.0V to -15V Input Level +25V SkQ < Rp s 7kQ, Instantaneous Slew Rate, Max CL < 2500pF 30V/us Driver Output Short-Circuit Current, Max 100mA V.28 tims or 3% of the period Transition Rate on Driver Output EIA/TIA-232E 4% of the period Driver Output Resistance -2V < VouT < +2V 300Q Table 3. DB9 Cable Connections Commonly Used for EIA/TIAE-232E and V.24 Asynchronous Interfaces PIN CONNECTION Received Line Signal Detector (sometimes called Carrier Detect, DCD) Handshake from DCE 2 Receive Data (RD) Data from DCE 3 Transmit Data (TD) Data from DTE 4 Data Terminal Ready Handshake from DTE 5 Signal Ground Reference point for signals Data Set Ready (DSR) Handshake from DCE Request to Send (RTS) Handshake from DTE Clear to Send (CTS) Handshake from DCE OO; wMlLn] om Ring Indicator Handshake from DCE PAAXIIMA 2-53 FLPCXVW/ACECXVW/JAE FEXVUW/Al LCXVIW/ACOCXVNMAX202E/MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E + 15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers Pin Configurations and Typical Operating Circuits (continued) NOTE: PIN NUMBERS ON TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT REFER TO DIP/SO PACKAGE, NOT LCC. 1.0uF CAPACITORS, MAX232E ONLY. SI TOP VIEW +SVINPUT tL iE OME aay = 16 i Vee 2 10V Oiues EI Ct +5V T0410 Ve , o WT yy VOLTAGE DOUBLER cwf] lie} Voc 4h 24 vie Ww ore =] +10V TO -10V TL oie vs [2] 115] GNO tev C21 C2. VOLTAGE INVERTER + 16y [31 Anaraan [ud] Mou Ca[a] = maxzq2e 3] RIN cx fe) MOE Fl eran 1 | HN i Trout | 14 _ TTLCMOS AS-232 v- (6) fi] THN INPUTS OUTPUTS T20uT [7 | 9] T2IN 10 | T21N T20uT | 7 RAN [| ro] rout nq 12 | ROUT ; Rg RIN | 13 DIP/SO TTLYCMOS 5k RS-232 OUTPUTS INPUTS 9 | R20uT oie Pen | 8 <fey 5k GND Ts 2t eg se2 = oO =z > oO aman - 8 Z CI 4 18 TIOUT C2 5 17 RIN MMAXISA NC. 6 MAX232E 16 NC. (2-7 15 RIOUT v- 8 14 THIN - 2 ree 5 20565 2 3 2 2 g sg Loc 2-54 MAAXLMA+15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers Pin Configurations and Typical Operating Circuits (continued) TOP VIEW +5V INPUT O.1pF* , 6.3V + J + O.1pF T 1 =, cn Vee vp 0.1F* +5V 10 +10V 63V TH C1- VOLTAGE DOUBLER O.1uF* 16V + Ces 17 y it o4tur* +10V TO -10V v- ey 28] C2-_ VOLTAGE INVERTER 4 45V 400k fr, 2f tw > TouTl2 av 400k rout Lh oa] T40UT 5 | T2N > T20uT| 3 rout [2 27] Raw Trucs J +v , R5-202 rout [| 26] R30UT INPUTS 400k OUTPUTS Rain [4 | [25] SHDN (SHON) p20, 3N_ 2a T3OUT] 1 ROUT [5 24) EN (EN) +V By am 400k ran [6] 23) RAIN MAXZTTE 21) TAN TA0UT] 28 Tin Lr] MAX213E [22] aaour > + 14 J MAX241E atout [8 | ai] TaN -._8| RIOuT |, ints 4 nin [3] 20) TIN x eno [10] fig] RSQUT vec [1] 18] Rin ae _5| R20uT re cre [12] 7] v- ~ q V+ [3 6] C2- Sk or [1a] 15] c2s Trucmos } _. 26} R30UT < RAN] 27 | AS-282 ( ) ARE FOR outputs) * ? inputs MAX213E ONLY SO/SSOP RAQUT ag 22 | AOU Se RAIN 23 k 19] R5OUT \~ RS NOTES: (} ARE FOR MAX213E ONLY * 1.0uF CAPACITORS, MAX241E ONLY hed oO RIN] 18 ik IEVY\-# 41 1 AQ p24 L ENTEN) SHDN (SHDN) 0 NLS MA AXLAA 2-55 JLPCXVW/ACESCXVW/SAE LEXVW/SI FCXVW/ACOCXVNMAX202E/MAX21 1E/MAX213E/MAX232E/MAX241E +15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers _Ordering Information (continued) PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX211ECW! OC to +70C 28 Wide SO MAX211ECAI OC to +70C 28 SSOP MAX211EC/D OC to +70C Dice* MAX21 1EEWI -40C to +85C 28 Wide SO MAX211EEAI -40C to +85C 28 SSOP MAX213ECW! OC to +70C 28 Wide SO MAX213ECAI OC to +70C 28 SSOP MAX213EC/D OC to +70C Dice* MAX213EEWI -40C to +85C 28 Wide SO MAX213EEAI -40C to +85C 28 SSOP MAX232ECPE 0C to +70C 16 Plastic DIP MAX232ECSE OPC to +70C 16 Narrow SO MAX232ECWE OC to +70C 16 Wide SO MAX232EC/D OC to +70C Dice* MAX232EEPE -40C to +85C 16 Plastic DIP MAX232EESE -40C to +85C 16 Narrow SO MAX232EEWE -40C to +85C 16 Wide SO MAX232EMLP -55C to +125C 20 LCC MAX232EMJE -55C to +125C 16 CERDIP MAX241ECWI OC to +70C 28 Wide SO MAX241ECAI OC to +70C 28 SSOP MAX241EC/D OC to +70C Dice* MAX241EEWI -40C to +85C 28 Wide SO MAX241EEAI -40C to +85C 28 SSOP *Dice are specified at TA = +25C. 2-56 MAXIMA