PROFET(R) BTS721L1 Smart Four Channel Highside Power Switch Features * Overload protection * Current limitation * Short-circuit protection * Thermal shutdown * Overvoltage protection (including load dump) * Fast demagnetization of inductive loads * Reverse battery protection1) * Undervoltage and overvoltage shutdown with auto-restart and hysteresis * Open drain diagnostic output * Open load detection in ON-state * CMOS compatible input * Loss of ground and loss of Vbb protection * Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection Product Summary Overvoltage Protection Operating voltage active channels: On-state resistance RON Nominal load current IL(NOM) Current limitation IL(SCr) Vbb(AZ) 43 V Vbb(on) 5.0 ... 34 V two parallel four parallel one 100 50 25 m 2.9 4.3 6.3 A 8 8 8 A Application * C compatible power switch with diagnostic feedback for 12 V and 24 V DC grounded loads * All types of resistive, inductive and capacitive loads * Replaces electromechanical relays and discrete circuits General Description N channel vertical power FET with charge pump, ground referenced CMOS compatible input and diagnostic feedback, monolithically integrated in Smart SIPMOS technology. Fully protected by embedded protection functions. Pin Definitions and Functions Pin 1,10, 11,12, 15,16, 19,20 3 5 7 9 18 17 14 13 4 8 2 6 1) Symbol Function Positive power supply voltage. Design the Vbb wiring for the simultaneous max. short circuit currents from channel 1 to 4 and also for low thermal resistance IN1 Input 1 .. 4, activates channel 1 .. 4 in case of IN2 logic high signal IN3 IN4 OUT1 Output 1 .. 4, protected high-side power output OUT2 of channel 1 .. 4. Design the wiring for the OUT3 max. short circuit current OUT4 ST1/2 Diagnostic feedback 1/2 of channel 1 and channel 2, open drain, low on failure ST3/4 Diagnostic feedback 3/4 of channel 3 and channel 4, open drain, low on failure GND1/2 Ground 1/2 of chip 1 (channel 1 and channel 2) GND3/4 Ground 3/4 of chip 2 (channel 3 and channel 4) Pin configuration (top view) Vbb GND1/2 IN1 ST1/2 IN2 GND3/4 IN3 ST3/4 IN4 Vbb 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 * 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 Vbb Vbb OUT1 OUT2 Vbb Vbb OUT3 OUT4 Vbb Vbb With external current limit (e.g. resistor RGND=150 ) in GND connection, resistor in series with ST connection, reverse load current limited by connected load. Semiconductor Group 1 06.96 BTS721L1 Block diagram Four Channels; Open Load detection in on state; Voltage source Overvoltage protection Current limit 1 + V bb Gate 1 protection Leadframe Channel 1 V Logic 3 IN1 5 IN2 4 ST1/2 Voltage Level shifter sensor Rectifier 1 Logic ESD Signal GND Chip 1 Current limit 2 Level shifter Rectifier 2 GND1/2 OUT1 18 Temperature sensor 1 Open load Short to Vbb detection 1 Charge pump 1 Charge pump 2 2 Limit for unclamped ind. loads 1 Gate 2 protection Limit for unclamped ind. loads 2 Channel 2 OUT2 Load Temperature sensor 2 Open load Short to Vbb detection 2 Chip 1 17 R R O1 O2 GND1/2 Load GND + V bb Leadframe Channel 3 OUT3 Logic and protection circuit of chip 2 14 (equivalent to chip 1) 7 IN3 9 IN4 8 ST3/4 Channel 4 OUT4 6 13 Load GND3/4 PROFET Signal GND Chip 2 R R O3 O4 GND3/4 Chip 2 Load GND Leadframe connected to pin 1, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20 Maximum Ratings at Tj = 25C unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Supply voltage (overvoltage protection see page 4) Supply voltage for full short circuit protection Tj,start = -40 ...+150C Vbb Vbb Semiconductor Group 2 Values Unit 43 34 V V BTS721L1 Maximum Ratings at Tj = 25C unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Values Unit Load current (Short-circuit current, see page 5) Load dump protection2) VLoadDump = UA + Vs, UA = 13.5 V RI3) = 2 , td = 200 ms; IN = low or high, each channel loaded with RL = 4.7 , Operating temperature range Storage temperature range Power dissipation (DC)5 Ta = 25C: (all channels active) Ta = 85C: Inductive load switch-off energy dissipation, single pulse Vbb = 12V, Tj,start = 150C5), IL = 2.9 A, ZL = 58 mH, 0 one channel: IL = 4.3 A, ZL = 58 mH, 0 two parallel channels: IL = 6.3 A, ZL = 58 mH, 0 four parallel channels: IL VLoad dump4) self-limited 60 A V Tj Tstg Ptot -40 ...+150 -55 ...+150 3.7 1.9 C EAS 0.3 0.65 1.5 J VESD 1.0 kV -10 ... +16 2.0 5.0 V mA 15 41 34 K/W W see diagrams on page 9 and page 10 Electrostatic discharge capability (ESD) (Human Body Model) Input voltage (DC) Current through input pin (DC) Current through status pin (DC) VIN IIN IST see internal circuit diagram page 8 Thermal resistance junction - soldering point5),6) junction - ambient5) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) each channel: one channel active: all channels active: Rthjs Rthja Supply voltages higher than Vbb(AZ) require an external current limit for the GND and status pins, e.g. with a 150 resistor in the GND connection and a 15 k resistor in series with the status pin. A resistor for input protection is integrated. RI = internal resistance of the load dump test pulse generator VLoad dump is setup without the DUT connected to the generator per ISO 7637-1 and DIN 40839 Device on 50mm*50mm*1.5mm epoxy PCB FR4 with 6cm2 (one layer, 70m thick) copper area for Vbb connection. PCB is vertical without blown air. See page 15 Soldering point: upper side of solder edge of device pin 15. See page 15 Semiconductor Group 3 BTS721L1 Electrical Characteristics Parameter and Conditions, each of the four channels Symbol at Tj = 25 C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified Load Switching Capabilities and Characteristics On-state resistance (Vbb to OUT) Tj = 25C: RON IL = 2 A each channel, Tj = 150C: two parallel channels, Tj = 25C: four parallel channels, Tj = 25C: Nominal load current one channel active: two parallel channels active: four parallel channels active: 5) Device on PCB , Ta = 85C, Tj 150C Output current while GND disconnected or pulled up; Vbb = 30 V, VIN = 0, see diagram page 9 Turn-on time to 90% VOUT: Turn-off time to 10% VOUT: RL = 12 , Tj =-40...+150C Slew rate on Tj =-40...+150C: 10 to 30% VOUT, RL = 12 , Slew rate off Tj =-40...+150C: 70 to 40% VOUT, RL = 12 , Operating Parameters Operating voltage7) Undervoltage shutdown Undervoltage restart Tj =-40...+150C: Tj =-40...+150C: Tj =-40...+25C: Tj =+150C: Undervoltage restart of charge pump Tj =-40...+150C: see diagram page 14 Undervoltage hysteresis Vbb(under) = Vbb(u rst) - Vbb(under) Tj =-40...+150C: Overvoltage shutdown Tj =-40...+150C: Overvoltage restart Tj =-40...+150C: Overvoltage hysteresis ) 8 Tj =-40...+150C: Overvoltage protection I bb = 40 mA 7) 8) Values min typ max -- 4 m 85 170 100 200 2.5 3.8 5.9 43 22 2.9 4.3 6.3 50 25 -- A -- -- 10 mA ton toff 80 80 200 200 400 400 s dV/dton 0.1 -- 1 V/s -dV/dtoff 0.1 -- 1 V/s Vbb(on) Vbb(under) Vbb(u rst) 5.0 3.5 -- ---- V V V Vbb(ucp) -- 5.6 34 5.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 V Vbb(under) -- 0.2 -- V Vbb(over) Vbb(o rst) Vbb(over) Vbb(AZ) 34 33 -42 --0.5 47 43 ---- V V V V IL(NOM) IL(GNDhigh) At supply voltage increase up to Vbb = 5.6 V typ without charge pump, VOUT Vbb - 2 V see also VON(CL) in circuit diagram on page 8. Semiconductor Group Unit BTS721L1 Parameter and Conditions, each of the four channels Symbol at Tj = 25 C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified Values min typ max Unit ---- 28 44 -- 60 70 12 A --- 2 8 3 12 mA each channel, Tj =-40C: IL(SCp) 11 18 25 9 14 22 Tj =25C: 5 8 14 Tj =+150C: two parallel channels twice the current of one channel four parallel channels four times the current of one channel Repetitive short circuit current limit, Tj = Tjt each channel IL(SCr) -8 --8 -two parallel channels -8 -four parallel channels A Standby current, all channels off Tj =25C: Ibb(off) VIN = 0 Tj =150C: Leakage output current (included in Ibb(off)) IL(off) VIN = 0 Operating current 9), VIN = 5V, Tj =-40...+150C IGND = IGND1/2 + IGND3/4, one channel on: IGND four channels on: A Protection Functions Initial peak short circuit current limit, (see timing diagrams, page 12) A (see timing diagrams, page 12) Initial short circuit shutdown time Tj,start =-40C: toff(SC) Tj,start = 25C: --- 3.8 3 --- ms -- 47 -- V 150 -- -10 --- C K --- -610 32 -- V mV (see page 11 and timing diagrams on page 12) VON(CL) Output clamp (inductive load switch off)10) at VON(CL) = Vbb - VOUT Thermal overload trip temperature Thermal hysteresis Tjt Tjt Reverse Battery Reverse battery voltage 11) Drain-source diode voltage (Vout > Vbb) IL = - 2.9 A, Tj = +150C -Vbb -VON 9) 10) Add IST, if IST > 0 If channels are connected in parallel, output clamp is usually accomplished by the channel with the lowest VON(CL) 11) Requires a 150 resistor in GND connection. The reverse load current through the intrinsic drain-source diode has to be limited by the connected load. Note that the power dissipation is higher compared to normal operating conditions due to the voltage drop across the intrinsic drain-source diode. The temperature protection is not active during reverse current operation! Input and Status currents have to be limited (see max. ratings page 3 and circuit page 8). Semiconductor Group 5 BTS721L1 Parameter and Conditions, each of the four channels Symbol at Tj = 25 C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified Values min typ max Diagnostic Characteristics Open load detection current, (on-condition) 20 -400 each channel, Tj = -40C: I L (OL) 20 -300 Tj = 25C: 20 -300 Tj = 150C: twice the current of one channel two parallel channels four times the current of one channel four parallel channels ) 12 Open load detection voltage Tj =-40..+150C: VOUT(OL) 2 3 4 Internal output pull down Tj =-40..+150C: RO 4 10 30 (OUT to GND), VOUT = 5 V 1 Input and Status Feedback13) Input resistance (see circuit page 8) Tj =-40..+150C: Input turn-on threshold voltage Tj =-40..+150C: Input turn-off threshold voltage Tj =-40..+150C: Input threshold hysteresis VIN = 0.4 V: Off state input current Tj =-40..+150C: VIN = 5 V: On state input current Tj =-40..+150C: Delay time for status with open load after switch off (other channel in off state) Tj =-40..+150C: (see timing diagrams, page 13), Delay time for status with open load after switch off (other channel in on state) Tj =-40..+150C: (see timing diagrams, page 13), Status invalid after positive input slope Tj =-40..+150C: (open load) Status output (open drain) Zener limit voltage Tj =-40...+150C, IST = +1.6 mA: ST low voltage Tj =-40...+25C, IST = +1.6 mA: Tj = +150C, IST = +1.6 mA: 12) 13) 6 mA V k RI 2.5 3.5 6 k VIN(T+) 1.7 -- 3.5 V VIN(T-) 1.5 -- -- V -1 0.5 -- -50 V A 20 50 90 A td(ST OL4) 100 320 800 s td(ST OL5) -- 5 20 s td(ST) -- 200 600 s 5.4 --- 6.1 --- -0.4 0.6 V VIN(T) IIN(off) IIN(on) VST(high) VST(low) External pull up resistor required for open load detection in off state. If ground resistors RGND are used, add the voltage drop across these resistors. Semiconductor Group Unit BTS721L1 Truth Table Channel 1 and 2 Channel 3 and 4 (equivalent to channel 1 and 2) Chip 1 Chip 2 Normal operation Channel 1 (3) Open load Channel 2 (4) Channel 1 (3) Short circuit to Vbb Channel 2 (4) both channel Overtemperature Channel 1 (3) Channel 2 (4) Undervoltage/ Overvoltage L = "Low" Level H = "High" Level IN1 IN3 IN2 IN4 OUT1 OUT3 OUT2 OUT4 ST1/2 ST3/4 L L H H L L H L H X L L H L H X L X H L H X X X L H L H L H X L L H L H X L L H L H X X X L H X L L H H Z Z H L H X H H H L H X L L L L L X X L L H L H L H X Z Z H L H X H H H L L L X X L L L BTS 721L1 H H H H H(L14)) H L H(L14)) H L L15) H H(L16)) L15) H H(L16)) H L L H L H L H X = don't care Z = high impedance, potential depends on external circuit Status signal valid after the time delay shown in the timing diagrams Parallel switching of channel 1 and 2 (also channel 3 and 4) is easily possible by connecting the inputs and outputs in parallel (see truth table). If switching channel 1 to 4 in parallel, the status outputs ST1/2 and ST3/4 have to be configured as a 'Wired OR' function with a single pull-up resistor. Terms V Ibb bb V ON1 V ON2 Leadframe I IN1 I IN2 I ST1/2 V IN1 VIN2 VST1/2 3 Vbb IN1 OUT1 5 4 IN2 PROFET Chip 1 OUT2 ST1/2 GND1/2 I L1 17 I L2 I IN4 I ST3/4 V OUT1 2 I GND1/2 R 18 VON3 V ON4 Leadframe I IN3 V IN3 VIN4 VST3/4 7 Vbb IN3 OUT3 9 8 IN4 PROFET Chip 2 OUT4 ST3/4 GND3/4 IGND3/4 R GND1/2 I L3 13 I L4 V OUT3 6 VOUT2 14 VOUT4 GND3/4 Leadframe (Vbb) is connected to pin 1,10,11,12,15,16,19,20 External RGND optional; two resistors RGND1/2 ,RGND3/4 = 150 or a single resistor RGND = 75 for reverse battery protection up to the max. operating voltage. 14) 15) With additional external pull up resistor An external short of output to Vbb in the off state causes an internal current from output to ground. If R GND is used, an offset voltage at the GND and ST pins will occur and the VST low signal may be errorious. 16) Low resistance to V may be detected by no-load-detection bb Semiconductor Group 7 BTS721L1 Input circuit (ESD protection), IN1...4 Overvoltage protection of logic part GND1/2 or GND3/4 R IN + V bb I ESD-ZD I I I V RI IN Z2 IN Logic GND R ST ST V ESD zener diodes are not to be used as voltage clamp at DC conditions. Operation in this mode may result in a drift of the zener voltage (increase of up to 1 V). Z1 GND R GND Signal GND Status output, ST1/2 or ST3/4 VZ1 = 6.1 V typ., VZ2 = 47 V typ., RI = 3.5 k typ., RGND = 150 +5V R ST(ON) Reverse battery protection ST - Vbb + 5V GND ESDZD R ST ESD-Zener diode: 6.1 V typ., max 5.0 mA; RST(ON) < 380 at 1.6 mA, ESD zener diodes are not to be used as voltage clamp at DC conditions. Operation in this mode may result in a drift of the zener voltage (increase of up to 1 V). IN RI OUT ST Power Inverse Diode Logic GND RGND Inductive and overvoltage output clamp, OUT1...4 Signal GND Power GND RGND = 150 , RI = 3.5 k typ, +Vbb Temperature protection is not active during inverse current operation. VZ V ON OUT PROFET Power GND VON clamped to VON(CL) = 47 V typ. Semiconductor Group RL 8 BTS721L1 Open-load detection, OUT1...4 ON-state diagnostic condition: VON < RON*IL(OL); IN high GND disconnect with GND pull up (channel 1/2 or 3/4) + V bb V Vbb IN2 PROFET OUT1 IN1 V VON ON IN1 OUT2 IN2 ST GND OUT Open load detection Logic unit V V bb V ST GND Any kind of load. If VGND > VIN - VIN(T+) device stays off Due to VGND > 0, no VST = low signal available. OFF-state diagnostic condition: VOUT > 3 V typ.; IN low Vbb disconnect with energized inductive load R EXT V PROFET OUT1 Open load detection R ST GND O Signal GND bb For an inductive load current up to the limit defined by EAS (max. ratings see page 3 and diagram on page 10) each switch is protected against loss of Vbb. GND disconnect Consider at your PCB layout that in the case of Vbb disconnection with energized inductive load the whole load current flows through the GND connection. (channel 1/2 or 3/4) Ibb bb IN1 Vbb IN2 PROFET ST GND OUT1 OUT2 V IN2 OUT2 OUT V V Vbb high OFF Logic unit IN1 V V IN1 IN2 ST V GND Any kind of load. In case of IN = high is VOUT VIN - VIN(T+). Due to VGND > 0, no VST = low signal available. Semiconductor Group 9 BTS721L1 Inductive load switch-off energy dissipation E bb E AS IN PROFET = ELoad Vbb OUT L ST GND ZL EL { R ER L Energy stored in load inductance: 2 EL = 1/2*L*I L While demagnetizing load inductance, the energy dissipated in PROFET is EAS= Ebb + EL - ER= VON(CL)*iL(t) dt, with an approximate solution for RL > 0 : EAS= IL* L (V + |VOUT(CL)|) 2*RL bb ln (1+ |V IL*RL OUT(CL)| ) Maximum allowable load inductance for a single switch off (one channel)5) L = f (IL ); Tj,start = 150C, Vbb = 12 V, RL = 0 L [mH] 10000 1000 100 10 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 IL [A] Semiconductor Group 10 BTS721L1 Typ. on-state resistance Typ. standby current RON = f (Vbb,Tj ); IL = 2 A, IN = high Ibb(off) = f (Tj ); Vbb = 9...34 V, IN1...4 = low RON [mOhm] 300 Ibb(off) [A] 60 250 50 200 40 Tj = 150C 150 30 85C 25C 100 20 -40C 50 10 0 0 10 20 30 0 -50 40 0 50 100 150 Vbb [V] 200 Tj [C] Typ. open load detection current Typ. initial short circuit shutdown time IL(OL) = f (Vbb,Tj ); IN = high toff(SC) = f (Tj,start ); Vbb =12 V IL(OL) [mA] 220 toff(SC) [msec] 4 200 -40C no-load detection not specified for V bb < 6 V 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 3.5 3 25C 2.5 2 85C Tj = 150C 1.5 1 40 0.5 20 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Vbb [V] Semiconductor Group 11 0 -50 0 50 100 150 200 Tj,start [C] BTS721L1 Timing diagrams Timing diagrams are shown for chip 1 (channel 1/2). For chip 2 (channel 3/4) the diagrams are valid too. The channels 1 and 2, respectively 3 and 4, are symmetric and consequently the diagrams are valid for each channel as well as for permuted channels Figure 1a: Vbb turn on: Figure 2b: Switching an inductive load IN1 IN IN2 V bb t d(ST) ST *) V V OUT1 OUT V OUT2 I L I L(OL) ST open drain t t *) if the time constant of load is too large, open-load-status may occur Figure 2a: Switching a lamp: Figure 3a: Turn on into short circuit: shut down by overtemperature, restart by cooling IN IN1 other channel: normal operation ST I V L1 OUT I L(SCp) I I L(SCr) L t ST off(SC) t t The initial peak current should be limited by the lamp and not by the initial short circuit current IL(SCp) = 14 A typ. of the device. Semiconductor Group 12 Heating up of the chip may require several milliseconds, depending on external conditions (toff(SC) vs. Tj,start see page 11) BTS721L1 Figure 3b: Turn on into short circuit: shut down by overtemperature, restart by cooling (two parallel switched channels 1 and 2) Figure 5a: Open load: detection in ON-state, open load occurs in on-state IN1 IN1/2 IN2 I +I L1 channel 2: normal operation L2 I L(SCp) VOUT1 I L(SCr) channel 1: open load I L1 t off(SC) t d(ST OL1) ST1/2 open load normal load t d(ST OL2) t d(ST OL1) t d(ST OL2) ST t t td(ST OL1) = 30 s typ., td(ST OL2) = 20 s typ Figure 5b: Open load: detection in ON-state, turn on/off to open load Figure 4a: Overtemperature: Reset if Tj <Tjt IN1 IN IN2 channel 2: normal operation ST V OUT1 V OUT I L1 channel 1: open load T J t d(ST) t t d(ST OL4) t d(ST) t d(ST OL5) ST t The status delay time td(STOL4) allows to distinguish between the failure modes "open load in ON-state" and "overtemperature". Semiconductor Group 13 BTS721L1 Figure 5c: Open load: detection in ON- and OFF-state (with REXT), turn on/off to open load VON(CL) V on IN1 OUT1 I L1 on-state V V V channel 1: open load bb(u rst) V ST t t d(ST) d(ST) V t d(ST OL5) V bb(over) off-state channel 2: normal operation off-state IN2 Figure 6b: Undervoltage restart of charge pump bb(o rst) bb(u cp) bb(under) V bb t IN = high, normal load conditions. Charge pump starts at Vbb(ucp) = 5.6 V typ. td(ST OL5) depends on external circuitry because of high impedance Figure 7a: Overvoltage: Figure 6a: Undervoltage: IN IN Vbb V bb V bb(under) V ON(CL) Vbb(over) V bb(o rst) Vbb(u cp) Vbb(u rst) V OUT V OUT ST ST open drain t t Semiconductor Group 14 BTS721L1 Package and Ordering Code Standard P-DSO-20-9 BTS721L1 Ordering Code Q67060-S7002-A2 All dimensions in millimetres 1) Does not include plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 max per side 2) Does not include dambar protrusion of 0.05 max per side Definition of soldering point with temperature Ts: upper side of solder edge of device pin 15. Pin 15 Printed circuit board (FR4, 1.5mm thick, one layer 70m, 6cm2 active heatsink area) as a reference for max. power dissipation Ptot, nominal load current IL(NOM) and thermal resistance Rthja Semiconductor Group 15