LM60CIM3XNOPB - NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR

LMC6062

LMC6062 Precision CMOS Dual Micropower Operational Amplifier

Literature Number: SNOS631C

LMC6062

Precision CMOS Dual Micropower Operational Amplifier

General Description

The LMC6062 is a precision dual low offset voltage, mi-

cropower operational amplifier, capable of precision single

supply operation. Performance characteristics include ultra

low input bias current, high voltage gain, rail-to-rail output

swing, and an input common mode voltage range that in-

cludes ground. These features, plus its low power consump-

tion, make the LMC6062 ideally suited for battery powered

applications.

Other applications using the LMC6062 include precision

full-wave rectifiers, integrators, references, sample-and-hold

circuits, and true instrumentation amplifiers.

This device is built with National’s advanced double-Poly

Silicon-Gate CMOS process.

For designs that require higher speed, see the LMC6082

precision dual operational amplifier.

PATENT PENDING

Features

(Typical Unless Otherwise Noted)

nLow offset voltage 100µV

nUltra low supply current 16µA/Amplifier

nOperates from 4.5V to 15V single supply

nUltra low input bias current 10fA

nOutput swing within 10mV of supply rail, 100k load

nInput common-mode range includes V

−

nHigh voltage gain 140dB

nImproved latchup immunity

Applications

nInstrumentation amplifier

nPhotodiode and infrared detector preamplifier

nTransducer amplifiers

nHand-held analytic instruments

nMedical instrumentation

nD/A converter

nCharge amplifier for piezoelectric transducers

Connection Diagram

8-Pin DIP/SO

01129801

Top View

Ordering Information

Package Temperature Range NSC

Drawing Transport MediaMilitary Industrial

−55˚C to +125˚C −40˚C to +85˚C

8-Pin LMC6062AMN LMC6062AIN N08E Rail

Molded DIP LMC6062IN

8-Pin LMC6062AIM M08A Rail

Small Outline LMC6062IM

8-Pin LMC6062AMJ/883 J08A Rail

Ceramic DIP

February 2001

LMC6062 Precision CMOS Dual Micropower Operational Amplifier

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

Differential Input Voltage ±Supply Voltage

Voltage at Input/Output Pin (V

) +0.3V,

−

) −0.3V

Supply Voltage (V

−V

−

) 16V

Output Short Circuit to V

(Note 11)

Output Short Circuit to V

−

(Note 2)

Lead Temperature

(Soldering, 10 sec.) 260˚C

Storage Temp. Range −65˚C to +150˚C

Junction Temperature 150˚C

ESD Tolerance (Note 4) 2 kV

Current at Input Pin ±10 mA

Current at Output Pin ±30 mA

Current at Power Supply Pin 40 mA

Power Dissipation (Note 3)

Operating Ratings (Note 1)

Temperature Range

LMC6062AM −55˚C ≤T

≤+125˚C

LMC6062AI, LMC6082I −40˚C ≤T

≤+85˚C

Supply Voltage 4.5V ≤V

≤15.5V

Thermal Resistance (θ

) (Note 12)

8-Pin Molded DIP 115˚C/W

8-Pin SO 193˚C/W

Power Dissipation (Note 10)

DC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T

= 25˚C. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. V

= 5V, V

−

= 0V, V

= 1.5V, V

= 2.5V and R

>1M unless otherwise specified.

Typ LMC6062AM LMC6062AI LMC6062I

Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5) Limit Limit Limit Units

(Note 6) (Note 6) (Note 6)

Input Offset Voltage 100 350 350 800 µV

1200 900 1300 Max

TCV

Input Offset Voltage 1.0 µV/˚C

Average Drift

Input Bias Current 0.010 pA

100 4 4 Max

Input Offset Current 0.005 pA

100 2 2 Max

Input Resistance >10 Tera Ω

CMRR Common Mode 0V ≤V

≤12.0V 85 75 75 66 dB

Rejection Ratio V

= 15V 70 72 63 Min

+PSRR Positive Power Supply 5V ≤V

≤15V 85 75 75 66 dB

Rejection Ratio V

= 2.5V 70 72 63 Min

−PSRR Negative Power Supply 0V ≤V

−

≤−10V 100 84 84 74 dB

Rejection Ratio 70 81 71 Min

Input Common-Mode V

= 5V and 15V −0.4 −0.1 −0.1 −0.1 V

Voltage Range for CMRR ≥60 dB 000Max

− 1.9 V

− 2.3 V

− 2.6 V

− 2.5 V

− 2.5 Min

Large Signal R

= 100 kΩSourcing 4000 400 400 300 V/mV

Voltage Gain (Note 7) 200 300 200 Min

Sinking 3000 180 180 90 V/mV

70 100 60 Min

=25kΩSourcing 3000 400 400 200 V/mV

(Note 7) 150 150 80 Min

Sinking 2000 100 100 70 V/mV

35 50 35 Min

LMC6062

www.national.com 2

DC Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T

= 25˚C. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. V

= 5V, V

−

= 0V, V

= 1.5V, V

= 2.5V and R

>1M unless otherwise specified.

Typ LMC6062AM LMC6062AI LMC6062I

Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5) Limit Limit Limit Units

(Note 6) (Note 6) (Note 6)

Output Swing V

= 5V 4.995 4.990 4.990 4.950 V

= 100 kΩto 2.5V 4.970 4.980 4.925 Min

0.005 0.010 0.010 0.050 V

0.030 0.020 0.075 Max

= 5V 4.990 4.975 4.975 4.950 V

=25kΩto 2.5V 4.955 4.965 4.850 Min

0.010 0.020 0.020 0.050 V

0.045 0.035 0.150 Max

= 15V 14.990 14.975 14.975 14.950 V

= 100 kΩto 7.5V 14.955 14.965 14.925 Min

0.010 0.025 0.025 0.050 V

0.050 0.035 0.075 Max

= 15V 14.965 14.900 14.900 14.850 V

=25kΩto 7.5V 14.800 14.850 14.800 Min

0.025 0.050 0.050 0.100 V

0.200 0.150 0.200 Max

Output Current Sourcing, V

=0V 22 16 16 13 mA

=5V 8108Min

Sinking, V

=5V 21 16 16 16 mA

788Min

Output Current Sourcing, V

=0V 25 15 15 15 mA

= 15V 91010Min

Sinking, V

= 13V 35 20 20 20 mA

(Note 11) 788Min

Supply Current Both Amplifiers 32 38 38 46 µA

= +5V, V

= 1.5V 60 46 56 Max

Both Amplifiers 40 47 47 57 µA

= +15V, V

= 7.5V 70 55 66 Max

LMC6062

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AC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T

= 25˚C, Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. V

= 5V, V

−

= 0V, V

= 1.5V, V

= 2.5V and R

>1M unless otherwise specified.

Typ LMC6062AM LMC6062AI LMC6062I

Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5) Limit Limit Limit Units

(Note 6) (Note 6) (Note 6)

SR Slew Rate (Note 8) 35 20 20 15 V/ms

8107Min

GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product 100 kHz

Phase Margin 50 Deg

Amp-to-Amp Isolation (Note 9) 155 dB

Input-Referred Voltage

Noise F = 1 kHz 83 nV/√Hz

Input-Referred Current

Noise F = 1 kHz 0.0002 pA/√Hz

T.H.D. Total Harmonic Distortion F = 1 kHz, A

=−5

= 100 kΩ,V

=2V

0.01 %

±5V Supply

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is

intended to be functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The

guaranteed specifications apply only for the test conditions listed.

Note 2: Applies to both single-supply and split-supply operation. Continous short circuit operation at elevated ambient temperature can result in exceeding the

maximum allowed junction temperature of 150˚C. Output currents in excess of ±30 mA over long term may adversely affect reliability.

Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(Max),θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD=(T

J(Max)

−T

)/θJA.

Note 4: Human body model, 1.5 kΩin series with 100 pF.

Note 5: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm.

Note 6: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis.

Note 7: V+= 15V, VCM = 7.5V and RLconnected to 7.5V. For Sourcing tests, 7.5V ≤VO≤11.5V. For Sinking tests, 2.5V ≤VO≤7.5V.

Note 8: V+= 15V. Connected as Voltage Follower with 10V step input. Number specified is the slower of the positive and negative slew rates.

Note 9: Input referred V+= 15V and RL= 100 kΩconnected to 7.5V. Each amp excited in turn with 100 Hz to produce VO=12V

PP.

Note 10: For operating at elevated temperatures the device must be derated based on the thermal resistance θJA with PD=(T

–TA)/θJA.

Note 11: Do not connect output to V+, when V+is greater than 13V or reliability witll be adversely affected.

Note 12: All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board.

Note 13: For guaranteed Military Temperature Range parameters, see RETSMC6062X.

LMC6062

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Typical Performance Characteristics V

=±7.5V, T

= 25˚C, Unless otherwise specified

Distribution of LMC6062 Input Offset Voltage

= +25˚C) Distribution of LMC6062 Input Offset Voltage

= −55˚C)

01129815 01129816

Distribution of LMC6062 Input Offset Voltage

= +125˚C) Input Bias Current vs. Temperature

01129817 01129818

Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Input Voltage vs. Output Voltage

01129819 01129820

LMC6062

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Typical Performance Characteristics V

=±7.5V, T

= 25˚C, Unless otherwise

specified (Continued)

Common Mode Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency Power Supply Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency

01129821 01129822

Input Voltage Noise vs. Frequency Output Characteristics Sourcing Current

01129823 01129824

Output Characteristics Sinking Current Gain and Phase Response vs. Temperature

(−55˚C to +125˚C)

01129825

01129826

LMC6062

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Typical Performance Characteristics V

=±7.5V, T

= 25˚C, Unless otherwise

specified (Continued)

Gain and Phase Response vs. Capacitive Load

with R

=20kΩGain and Phase Response vs. Capacitive Load

with R

= 500 kΩ

01129827 01129828

Open Loop Frequency Response Inverting Small Signal Pulse Response

01129829 01129830

Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response Non-Inverting Small Signal Pulse Response

01129831 01129832

LMC6062

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Typical Performance Characteristics V

=±7.5V, T

= 25˚C, Unless otherwise

specified (Continued)

Non-Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response Crosstalk Rejection vs. Frequency

01129833 01129834

Stability vs Capacitive Load, R

=20kΩStability vs. Capacitive Load R

=1MΩ

01129835 01129836

LMC6062

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Applications Hints

AMPLIFIER TOPOLOGY

The LMC6062 incorporates a novel op-amp design topology

that enables it to maintain rail-to-rail output swing even when

driving a large load. Instead of relying on a push-pull unity

gain output buffer stage, the output stage is taken directly

from the internal integrator, which provides both low output

impedance and large gain. Special feed forward compensa-

tion design techniques are incorporated to maintain stability

over a wider range of operating conditions than traditional

micropower op amps. These features make the LMC6062

both easier to design with, and provide higher speed than

products typically found in this ultra low power class.

COMPENSATING FOR INPUT CAPACITANCE

It is quite common to use large values of feedback resis-

tance for amplifiers with ultra-low input current, like the

LMC6062.

Although the LMC6062 is highly stable over a wide range of

operating conditions, certain precautions must be met to

achieve the desired pulse response when a large feedback

resistor is used. Large feedback resistors and even small

values of input capacitance, due to transducers, photo-

diodes, and circuit board parasitics, reduce phase margins.

When high input impedances are demanded, guarding of the

LMC6062 is suggested. Guarding input lines will not only

reduce leakage, but lowers stray input capacitance as well.

(See

Printed-Circuit-Board Layout for High Impedance

Work

The effect of input capacitance can be compensated for by

adding a capacitor. Place a capacitor, C

, around the feed-

back resistor (as in

Figure 1

) such that:

≤R

Since it is often difficult to know the exact value of C

can

be experimentally adjusted so that the desired pulse re-

sponse is achieved. Refer to the LMC660 and the LMC662

for a more detailed discussion on compensating for input

capacitance.

CAPACITIVE LOAD TOLERANCE

All rail-to-rail output swing operational amplifiers have volt-

age gain in the output stage. A compensation capacitor is

normally included in this integrator stage. The frequency

location of the dominate pole is affected by the resistive load

on the amplifier. Capacitive load driving capability can be

optimized by using an appropriate resistive load in parallel

with the capacitive load (see typical curves).

Direct capacitive loading will reduce the phase margin of

many op-amps.Apole in the feedback loop is created by the

combination of the op-amp’s output impedance and the ca-

pacitive load. This pole induces phase lag at the unity-gain

crossover frequency of the amplifier resulting in either an

oscillatory or underdamped pulse response. With a few ex-

ternal components, op amps can easily indirectly drive ca-

pacitive loads, as shown in

Figure 2

In the circuit of

Figure 2

, R1 and C1 serve to counteract the

loss of phase margin by feeding the high frequency compo-

nent of the output signal back to the amplifier’s inverting

input, thereby preserving phase margin in the overall feed-

back loop.

Capacitive load driving capability is enhanced by using a pull

up resistor to V

(

Figure 3

). Typically a pull up resistor

conducting 10 µA or more will significantly improve capaci-

tive load responses. The value of the pull up resistor must be

determined based on the current sinking capability of the

amplifier with respect to the desired output swing. Open loop

gain of the amplifier can also be affected by the pull up

resistor (see Electrical Characteristics).

01129804

FIGURE 1. Canceling the Effect of Input Capacitance

01129805

FIGURE 2. LMC6062 Noninverting Gain of 10 Amplifier,

Compensated to Handle Capacitive Loads

01129814

FIGURE 3. Compensating for Large Capacitive Loads

with a Pull Up Resistor

LMC6062

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Applications Hints (Continued)

PRINTED-CIRCUIT-BOARD LAYOUT

FOR HIGH-IMPEDANCE WORK

It is generally recognized that any circuit which must operate

with less than 1000 pA of leakage current requires special

layout of the PC board. When one wishes to take advantage

of the ultra-low bias current of the LMC6062, typically less

than 10 fA, it is essential to have an excellent layout. Fortu-

nately, the techniques of obtaining low leakages are quite

simple. First, the user must not ignore the surface leakage of

the PC board, even though it may sometimes appear accept-

ably low, because under conditions of high humidity or dust

or contamination, the surface leakage will be appreciable.

To minimize the effect of any surface leakage, lay out a ring

of foil completely surrounding the LMC6062’s inputs and the

terminals of capacitors, diodes, conductors, resistors, relay

terminals etc. connected to the op-amp’s inputs, as in

Figure

. To have a significant effect, guard rings should be placed

on both the top and bottom of the PC board. This PC foil

must then be connected to a voltage which is at the same

voltage as the amplifier inputs, since no leakage current can

flow between two points at the same potential. For example,

a PC board trace-to-pad resistance of 10

Ω, which is nor-

mally considered a very large resistance, could leak 5 pA if

the trace were a 5V bus adjacent to the pad of the input. This

would cause a 100 times degradation from the LMC6062’s

actual performance. However, if a guard ring is held within

5 mV of the inputs, then even a resistance of 10

Ωwould

cause only 0.05 pA of leakage current. See

Figure 5

for

typical connections of guard rings for standard op-amp con-

figurations.

The designer should be aware that when it is inappropriate

to lay out a PC board for the sake of just a few circuits, there

is another technique which is even better than a guard ring

on a PC board: Don’t insert the amplifier’s input pin into the

board at all, but bend it up in the air and use only air as an

insulator. Air is an excellent insulator. In this case you may

have to forego some of the advantages of PC board con-

struction, but the advantages are sometimes well worth the

effort of using point-to-point up-in-the-air wiring. See

Figure

Latchup

CMOS devices tend to be susceptible to latchup due to their

internal parasitic SCR effects.The (I/O) input and output pins

look similar to the gate of the SCR. There is a minimum

current required to trigger the SCR gate lead. The LMC6062

and LMC6082 are designed to withstand 100 mA surge

current on the I/O pins. Some resistive method should be

used to isolate any capacitance from supplying excess cur-

rent to the I/O pins. In addition, like an SCR, there is a

minimum holding current for any latchup mode. Limiting

current to the supply pins will also inhibit latchup suscepti-

bility.

01129806

FIGURE 4. Example of Guard Ring in P.C. Board

Layout

01129807

(a) Inverting Amplifier

01129808

(b) Non-Inverting Amplifier

01129809

FIGURE 5. Typical Connections of Guard Rings

LMC6062

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Latchup (Continued) Typical Single-Supply Applications

= 5.0 V

)

The extremely high input impedance, and low power con-

sumption, of the LMC6062 make it ideal for applications that

require battery-powered instrumentation amplifiers. Ex-

amples of these types of applications are hand-held pH

probes, analytic medical instruments, magnetic field detec-

tors, gas detectors, and silicon based pressure transducers.

Figure 7

shows an instrumentation amplifier that features

high differential and common mode input resistance

(>10

Ω), 0.01% gain accuracy at A

= 100, excellent

CMRR with 1 kΩimbalance in bridge source resistance.

Input current is less than 100 fA and offset drift is less than

2.5 µV/˚C. R

provides a simple means of adjusting gain

over a wide range without degrading CMRR. R

is an initial

trim used to maximize CMRR without using super precision

matched resistors. For good CMRR over temperature, low

drift resistors should be used.

01129810

(Input pins are lifted out of PC board and soldered directly to components.

All other pins connected to PC board).

FIGURE 6. Air Wiring

01129811

If R1=R

3=R

, and R4=R

; then

∴AV≈100 for circuit shown (R2= 9.822k).

FIGURE 7. Instrumentation Amplifier

01129812

FIGURE 8. Low-Leakage Sample and Hold

LMC6062

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Typical Single-Supply Applications (Continued)

01129813

FIGURE 9. 1 Hz Square Wave Oscillator

LMC6062

www.national.com 12

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters)

unless otherwise noted

8-Pin Ceramic Dual-In-Line Package

Order Number LMC6062AMJ/883

NS Package Number J08A

LMC6062

www.national.com13

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

8-Pin Small Outline Package

Order Number LMC6062AIM or LMC6062IM

NS Package Number M08A

8-Pin Molded Dual-In-Line Package

Order Number LMC6062AIN, LMC6062AMN or LMC6062IN

NS Package Number N08E

LMC6062

www.national.com 14

Notes

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into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and

whose failure to perform when properly used in

accordance with instructions for use provided in the

labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a

significant injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a life

support device or system whose failure to perform

can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of

the life support device or system, or to affect its

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www.national.com

LMC6062 Precision CMOS Dual Micropower Operational Amplifier

National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

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