DAC084S085CIMM/NOPB - National Semiconductor

November 20, 2008

DAC084S085

8-Bit Micro Power QUAD Digital-to-Analog Converter with

Rail-to-Rail Output

General Description

The DAC084S085 is a full-featured, general purpose QUAD

8-bit voltage-output digital-to-analog converter (DAC) that

can operate from a single +2.7V to 5.5V supply and consumes

1.1 mW at 3V and 2.5 mW at 5V. The DAC084S085 is pack-

aged in 10-lead LLP and MSOP packages. The 10-lead LLP

package makes the DAC084S085 the smallest QUAD DAC

in its class. The on-chip output amplifier allows rail-to-rail out-

put swing and the three wire serial interface operates at clock

rates up to 40 MHz over the entire supply voltage range.

Competitive devices are limited to 25 MHz clock rates at sup-

ply voltages in the 2.7V to 3.6V range. The serial interface is

compatible with standard SPI™, QSPI, MICROWIRE and

DSP interfaces.

The reference for the DAC084S085 serves all four channels

and can vary in voltage between 1V and VA, providing the

widest possible output dynamic range. The DAC084S085 has

a 16-bit input shift register that controls the outputs to be up-

dated, the mode of operation, the powerdown condition, and

the binary input data. All four outputs can be updated simul-

taneously or individually depending on the setting of the two

mode of operation bits.

A power-on reset circuit ensures that the DAC output powers

up to zero volts and remains there until there is a valid write

to the device. A power-down feature reduces power con-

sumption to less than a microWatt with three different termi-

nation options.

The low power consumption and small packages of the

DAC084S085 make it an excellent choice for use in battery

operated equipment.

The DAC084S085 is one of a family of pin compatible DACs,

including the 10-bit DAC104S085 and the 12-bit

DAC124S085. The DAC084S085 operates over the extended

industrial temperature range of −40°C to +105°C.

Features

■Guaranteed Monotonicity

■Low Power Operation

■Rail-to-Rail Voltage Output

■Power-on Reset to 0V

■Simultaneous Output Updating

■Wide power supply range (+2.7V to +5.5V)

■Industry's Smallest Package

■Power Down Modes

Key Specifications

■Resolution 8 bits

■INL ±0.5 LSB (max)

■DNL +0.18 / −0.13 LSB (max)

■Settling Time 4.5 µs (max)

■Zero Code Error +15 mV (max)

■Full-Scale Error −0.75 %FS (max)

■Supply Power

■—Normal 1.1 mW (3V) / 2.5 mW (5V) typ

—Power Down 0.3 µW (3V) / 0.8 µW (5V) typ

Applications

■Battery-Powered Instruments

■Digital Gain and Offset Adjustment

■Programmable Voltage & Current Sources

■Programmable Attenuators

Pin Configuration

20195401 20195402

SPI™ is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.

DAC084S085 8-Bit Micro Power QUAD Digital-to-Analog Converter with Rail-to-Rail Output

Ordering Information

Order Numbers Temperature Range Package Top Mark

DAC084S085CISD −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +105°C LLP X71C

DAC084S085CISDX −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +105°C LLP Tape-and-Reel X71C

DAC084S085CIMM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +105°C MSOP X70C

DAC084S085CIMMX −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +105°C MSOP Tape-and-Reel X70C

DAC084S085EVAL Evaluation Board (MSOP)

Block Diagram

20195403

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DAC084S085

Pin Descriptions

LLP

MSOP

Pin No.

Symbol Type Description

1VASupply Power supply input. Must be decoupled to GND.

2VOUTA Analog Output Channel A Analog Output Voltage.

3VOUTB Analog Output Channel B Analog Output Voltage.

4VOUTC Analog Output Channel C Analog Output Voltage.

5VOUTD Analog Output Channel D Analog Output Voltage.

6 GND Ground Ground reference for all on-chip circuitry.

7VREFIN Analog Input Unbuffered reference voltage shared by all channels. Must be decoupled

to GND.

8DIN Digital Input Serial Data Input. Data is clocked into the 16-bit shift register on the falling

edges of SCLK after the fall of SYNC.

9 SYNC Digital Input

Frame synchronization input for the data input. When this pin goes low,

it enables the input shift register and data is transferred on the falling

edges of SCLK. The DAC is updated on the 16th clock cycle unless

SYNC is brought high before the 16th clock, in which case the rising edge

of SYNC acts as an interrupt and the write sequence is ignored by the

DAC.

10 SCLK Digital Input Serial Clock Input. Data is clocked into the input shift register on the

falling edges of this pin.

11 PAD

(LLP only) Ground

Exposed die attach pad can be connected to ground or left floating.

Soldering the pad to the PCB offers optimal thermal performance and

enhances package self-alignment during reflow.

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DAC084S085

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Notes 1, 2)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

Supply Voltage, VA6.5V

Voltage on any Input Pin −0.3V to 6.5V

Input Current at Any Pin (Note 3) 10 mA

Package Input Current (Note 3) 20 mA

Power Consumption at TA = 25°C See (Note 4)

ESD Susceptibility (Note 5)

Human Body Model

Machine Model

2500V

250V

Junction Temperature +150°C

Storage Temperature −65°C to +150°C

Operating Ratings (Notes 1, 2)

Operating Temperature Range −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +105°C

Supply Voltage, VA+2.7V to 5.5V

Reference Voltage, VREFIN +1.0V to VA

Digital Input Voltage (Note 7) 0.0V to 5.5V

Output Load 0 to 1500 pF

SCLK Frequency Up to 40 MHz

Package Thermal Resistances

Package θJA

10-Lead MSOP 240°C/W

10-Lead LLP 250°C/W

Soldering process must comply with National

Semiconductor's Reflow Temperature Profile specifications.

Refer to www.national.com/packaging. (Note 6)

Electrical Characteristics

The following specifications apply for VA = +2.7V to +5.5V, VREFIN = VA, CL = 200 pF to GND, fSCLK = 30 MHz, input code range 3

to 252. Boldface limits apply for TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX and all other limits are at TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical

(Note 9)

Limits

(Note 9)

Units

(Limits)

STATIC PERFORMANCE

Resolution 8Bits (min)

Monotonicity 8Bits (min)

INL Integral Non-Linearity ±0.14 ±0.5 LSB (max)

DNL Differential Non-Linearity VA = 2.7V to 5.5V +0.04 +0.18 LSB (max)

−0.02 −0.13 LSB (min)

ZE Zero Code Error IOUT = 0 +4 +15 mV (max)

FSE Full-Scale Error IOUT = 0 −0.1 −0.75 %FSR (max)

GE Gain Error All ones Loaded to DAC register −0.2 −1.0 %FSR

ZCED Zero Code Error Drift −20 µV/°C

TC GE Gain Error Tempco VA = 3V −0.7 ppm/°C

VA = 5V −1.0 ppm/°C

OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS

Output Voltage Range (Note 10) 0

VREFIN

V (min)

V (max)

IOZ

High-Impedance Output Leakage

Current (Note 10) ±1 µA (max)

ZCO Zero Code Output

VA = 3V, IOUT = 200 µA 1.3 mV

VA = 3V, IOUT = 1 mA 6.0 mV

VA = 5V, IOUT = 200 µA 7.0 mV

VA = 5V, IOUT = 1 mA 10.0 mV

FSO Full Scale Output

VA = 3V, IOUT = 200 µA 2.984 V

VA = 3V, IOUT = 1 mA 2.934 V

VA = 5V, IOUT = 200 µA 4.989 V

VA = 5V, IOUT = 1 mA 4.958 V

IOS

Output Short Circuit Current

(source)

VA = 3V, VOUT = 0V,

Input Code = FFh -56 mA

VA = 5V, VOUT = 0V,

Input Code = FFh -69 mA

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DAC084S085

Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical

(Note 9)

Limits

(Note 9)

Units

(Limits)

IOS Output Short Circuit Current (sink)

VA = 3V, VOUT = 3V,

Input Code = 00h 52 mA

VA = 5V, VOUT = 5V,

Input Code = 00h 75 mA

Continuous Output

Current (Note 10) Avaliable on each DAC output 11 mA (max)

CLMaximum Load Capacitance RL = ∞1500 pF

RL = 2kΩ1500 pF

ZOUT DC Output Impedance 7.5 Ω

REFERENCE INPUT CHARACTERISTICS

VREFIN

Input Range Minimum 0.2 1.0 V (min)

Input Range Maximum VAV (max)

Input Impedance 30 kΩ

LOGIC INPUT CHARACTERISTICS

IIN Input Current (Note 10) ±1 µA (max)

VIL Input Low Voltage (Note 10) VA = 3V 0.9 0.6 V (max)

VA = 5V 1.5 0.8 V (max)

VIH Input High Voltage (Note 10) VA = 3V 1.4 2.1 V (min)

VA = 5V 2.1 2.4 V (min)

CIN Input Capacitance (Note 10) 3pF (max)

POWER REQUIREMENTS

Supply Voltage Minimum 2.7 V (min)

Supply Voltage Maximum 5.5 V (max)

Normal Supply Current (output

unloaded)

fSCLK = 30 MHz

VA = 2.7V

to 3.6V 370 485 µA (max)

VA = 4.5V

to 5.5V 500 650 µA (max)

fSCLK = 0

VA = 2.7V

to 3.6V 350 µA

VA = 4.5V

to 5.5V 460 µA

IPD

Power Down Supply Current (output

unloaded, SYNC = DIN = 0V after

PD mode loaded)

All PD Modes,

(Note 10)

VA = 2.7V

to 3.6V 0.10 1.0 µA (max)

VA = 4.5V

to 5.5V 0.15 1.0 µA (max)

Normal Supply Power (output

unloaded)

fSCLK = 30 MHz

VA = 2.7V

to 3.6V 1.1 1.7 mW (max)

VA = 4.5V

to 5.5V 2.5 3.6 mW (max)

fSCLK = 0

VA = 2.7V

to 3.6V 1.1 mW

VA = 4.5V

to 5.5V 2.3 mW

PPD

Power Down Supply Power (output

unloaded, SYNC = DIN = 0V after

PD mode loaded)

All PD Modes,

(Note 10)

VA = 2.7V

to 3.6V 0.3 3.6 µW (max)

VA = 4.5V

to 5.5V 0.8 5.5 µW (max)

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DAC084S085

A.C. and Timing Characteristics

Values shown in this table are design targets and are subject to change before product release.

The following specifications apply for VA = +2.7V to +5.5V, VREFIN = VA, CL = 200 pF to GND, fSCLK = 30 MHz, input code range 3

to 252. Boldface limits apply for TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX and all other limits are at TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.

Symbol Parameter Conductions Typical

(Note 9)

Limits

(Note 9)

Units

(Limits)

fSCLK SCLK Frequency 40 30 MHz (max)

Output Voltage Settling Time

(Note 10)

40h to C0h code change

RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 200 pF 34.5 µs (max)

SR Output Slew Rate 1 V/µs

Glitch Impulse Code change from 80h to 7Fh 12 nV-sec

Digital Feedthrough 0.5 nV-sec

Digital Crosstalk 1 nV-sec

DAC-to-DAC Crosstalk 3 nV-sec

Multiplying Bandwidth VREFIN = 2.5V ± 0.1Vpp 160 kHz

Total Harmonic Distortion VREFIN = 2.5V ± 0.1Vpp

input frequency = 10kHz 70 dB

tWU Wake-Up Time VA = 3V 6 µsec

VA = 5V 39 µsec

1/fSCLK SCLK Cycle Time 25 33 ns (min)

tCH SCLK High time 7 10 ns (min)

tCL SCLK Low Time 7 10 ns (min)

tSS

SYNC Set-up Time prior to SCLK

Falling Edge 4 10 ns (min)

tDS

Data Set-Up Time prior to SCLK

Falling Edge 1.5 3.5 ns (min)

tDH

Data Hold Time after SCLK Falling

Edge 1.5 3.5 ns (min)

tCFSR SCLK fall prior to rise of SYNC 0 3ns (min)

tSYNC SYNC High Time 6 10 ns (min)

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is

functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed

specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test

conditions. Operation of the device beyond the maximum Operating Ratings is not recommended.

Note 2: All voltages are measured with respect to GND = 0V, unless otherwise specified.

Note 3: When the input voltage at any pin exceeds 5.5V or is less than GND, the current at that pin should be limited to 10 mA. The 20 mA maximum package

input current rating limits the number of pins that can safely exceed the power supplies with an input current of 10 mA to two.

Note 4: The absolute maximum junction temperature (TJmax) for this device is 150°C. The maximum allowable power dissipation is dictated by TJmax, the

junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (θJA), and the ambient temperature (TA), and can be calculated using the formula PDMAX = (TJmax − TA) / θJA. The values

for maximum power dissipation will be reached only when the device is operated in a severe fault condition (e.g., when input or output pins are driven beyond

the operating ratings, or the power supply polarity is reversed).

Note 5: Human body model is 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor. Machine model is 220 pF discharged through ZERO Ohms.

Note 6: Reflow temperature profiles are different for lead-free packages..

Note 7: The inputs are protected as shown below. Input voltage magnitudes up to 5.5V, regardless of VA, will not cause errors in the conversion result. For

example, if VA is 3V, the digital input pins can be driven with a 5V logic device.

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DAC084S085

Note 8: To guarantee accuracy, it is required that VA and VREFIN be well bypassed.

Note 9: Typical figures are at TJ = 25°C, and represent most likely parametric norms. Test limits are guaranteed to National's AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality

Level).

Note 10: This parameter is guaranteed by design and/or characterization and is not tested in production.

Specification Definitions

DIFFERENTIAL NON-LINEARITY (DNL) is the measure of

the maximum deviation from the ideal step size of 1 LSB,

which is VREF / 256 = VA / 256.

DAC-to-DAC CROSSTALK is the glitch impulse transferred

to a DAC output in response to a full-scale change in the out-

put of another DAC.

DIGITAL CROSSTALK is the glitch impulse transferred to a

DAC output at mid-scale in response to a full-scale change in

the input register of another DAC.

DIGITAL FEEDTHROUGH is a measure of the energy inject-

ed into the analog output of the DAC from the digital inputs

when the DAC outputs are not updated. It is measured with a

full-scale code change on the data bus.

FULL-SCALE ERROR is the difference between the actual

output voltage with a full scale code (FFh) loaded into the DAC

and the value of VA x 255 / 256.

GAIN ERROR is the deviation from the ideal slope of the

transfer function. It can be calculated from Zero and Full-

Scale Errors as GE = FSE - ZE, where GE is Gain error, FSE

is Full-Scale Error and ZE is Zero Error.

GLITCH IMPULSE is the energy injected into the analog out-

put when the input code to the DAC register changes. It is

specified as the area of the glitch in nanovolt-seconds.

INTEGRAL NON-LINEARITY (INL) is a measure of the de-

viation of each individual code from a straight line through the

input to output transfer function. The deviation of any given

code from this straight line is measured from the center of that

code value. The end point method is used. INL for this product

is specified over a limited range, per the Electrical Tables.

LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT (LSB) is the bit that has the small-

est value or weight of all bits in a word. This value is

LSB = VREF / 2n

where VREF is the supply voltage for this product, and "n" is

the DAC resolution in bits, which is 8 for the DAC084S085.

MAXIMUM LOAD CAPACITANCE is the maximum capaci-

tance that can be driven by the DAC with output stability

maintained.

MONOTONICITY is the condition of being monotonic, where

the DAC has an output that never decreases when the input

code increases.

MOST SIGNIFICANT BIT (MSB) is the bit that has the largest

value or weight of all bits in a word. Its value is 1/2 of VA.

MULTIPLYING BANDWIDTH is the frequency at which the

output amplitude falls 3dB below the input sine wave on

VREFIN with a full-scale code loaded into the DAC.

POWER EFFICIENCY is the ratio of the output current to the

total supply current. The output current comes from the power

supply. The difference between the supply and output cur-

rents is the power consumed by the device without a load.

SETTLING TIME is the time for the output to settle to within

1/2 LSB of the final value after the input code is updated.

TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (THD) is the measure of

the harmonics present at the output of the DACs with an ideal

sine wave applied to VREFIN. THD is measured in dB.

WAKE-UP TIME is the time for the output to exit power-down

mode. This is the time from the falling edge of the 16th SCLK

pulse to when the output voltage deviates from the power-

down voltage of 0V.

ZERO CODE ERROR is the output error, or voltage, present

at the DAC output after a code of 00h has been entered.

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DAC084S085

Transfer Characteristic

20195405

FIGURE 1. Input / Output Transfer Characteristic

Timing Diagrams

20195406

FIGURE 2. Serial Timing Diagram

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DAC084S085

Typical Performance Characteristics VREF = VA, fSCLK = 30 MHz, TA = 25C, Input Code Range 3 to 252,

unless otherwise stated

INL at VA = 3.0V

20195452

INL at VA = 5.0V

20195453

DNL at VA = 3.0V

20195454

DNL at VA = 5.0V

20195455

INL/DNL vs VREFIN at VA = 3.0V

20195456

INL/DNL vs VREFIN at VA = 5.0V

20195457

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DAC084S085

INL/DNL vs fSCLK at VA = 2.7V

20195450

INL/DNL vs VA

20195422

INL/DNL vs Clock Duty Cycle at VA = 3.0V

20195424

INL/DNL vs Clock Duty Cycle at VA = 5.0V

20195425

INL/DNL vs Temperature at VA = 3.0V

20195426

INL/DNL vs Temperature at VA = 5.0V

20195427

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DAC084S085

Zero Code Error vs. VA

20195430

Zero Code Error vs. VREFIN

20195431

Zero Code Error vs. fSCLK

20195434

Zero Code Error vs. Clock Duty Cycle

20195435

Zero Code Error vs. Temperature

20195436

Full-Scale Error vs. VA

20195437

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DAC084S085

Full-Scale Error vs. VREFIN

20195432

Full-Scale Error vs. fSCLK

20195433

Full-Scale Error vs. Clock Duty Cycle

20195438

Full-Scale Error vs. Temperature

20195439

Supply Current vs. VA

20195444

Supply Current vs. Temperature

20195445

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DAC084S085

5V Glitch Response

20195446

Power-On Reset

20195447

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DAC084S085

1.0 Functional Description

1.1 DAC SECTION

The DAC084S085 is fabricated on a CMOS process with an

architecture that consists of switches and resistor strings that

are followed by an output buffer. The reference voltage is ex-

ternally applied at VREFIN and is shared by all four DACs.

For simplicity, a single resistor string is shown in Figure 3.

This string consists of 256 equal valued resistors with a switch

at each junction of two resistors, plus a switch to ground. The

code loaded into the DAC register determines which switch is

closed, connecting the proper node to the amplifier. The input

coding is straight binary with an ideal output voltage of:

VOUTA,B,C,D = VREFIN x (D / 256)

where D is the decimal equivalent of the binary code that is

loaded into the DAC register. D can take on any value be-

tween 0 and 255. This configuration guarantees that the DAC

is monotonic.

20195407

FIGURE 3. DAC Resistor String

1.2 OUTPUT AMPLIFIERS

The output amplifiers are rail-to-rail, providing an output volt-

age range of 0V to VA when the reference is VA. All amplifiers,

even rail-to-rail types, exhibit a loss of linearity as the output

approaches the supply rails (0V and VA, in this case). For this

reason, linearity is specified over less than the full output

range of the DAC. However, if the reference is less than VA,

there is only a loss in linearity in the lowest codes. The output

capabilities of the amplifier are described in the Electrical Ta-

bles.

The output amplifiers are capable of driving a load of 2 kΩ in

parallel with 1500 pF to ground or to VA. The zero-code and

full-scale outputs for given load currents are available in the

Electrical Characterisics Table.

1.3 RERENCE VOLTAGE

The DAC084S085 uses a single external reference that is

shared by all four channels. The reference pin, VREFIN, is not

buffered and has an input impedance of 30 kΩ. It is recom-

mended that VREFIN be driven by a voltage source with low

output impedance. The reference voltage range is 1.0V to

VA, providing the widest possible output dynamic range.

1.4 SERIAL INTERFACE

The three-wire interface is compatible with SPI, QSPI and

MICROWIRE, as well as most DSPs and operates at clock

rates up to 40 MHz. See the Timing Diagram for information

on a write sequence.

A write sequence begins by bringing the SYNC line low. Once

SYNC is low, the data on the DIN line is clocked into the 16-

bit serial input register on the falling edges of SCLK. To avoid

misclocking data into the shift register, it is critical that

SYNC not be brought low simultaneously with a falling edge

of SCLK (see Serial Timing Diagram, Figure 2). On the 16th

falling clock edge, the last data bit is clocked in and the pro-

grammed function (a change in the DAC channel address,

mode of operation and/or register contents) is executed. At

this point the SYNC line may be kept low or brought high. Any

data and clock pusles after the 16th falling clock edge will be

ignored. In either case, SYNC must be brought high for the

minimum specified time before the next write sequence is ini-

tiated with a falling edge of SYNC.

Since the SYNC and DIN buffers draw more current when they

are high, they should be idled low between write sequences

to minimize power consumption.

1.5 INPUT SHIFT REGISTER

The input shift register, Figure 4, has sixteen bits. The first

two bits are address bits. They determine whether the register

data is for DAC A, DAC B, DAC C, or DAC D. The address

bits are followed by two bits that determine the mode of op-

eration (writing to a DAC register without updating the outputs

of all four DACs, writing to a DAC register and updating the

outputs of all four DACs, writing to the register of all four DACs

and updating their outputs, or powering down all four outputs).

The final twelve bits of the shift register are the data bits. The

data format is straight binary (MSB first, LSB last), with all 0's

corresponding to an output of 0V and all 1's corresponding to

a full-scale output of VREFIN - 1 LSB. The contents of the serial

input register are transferred to the DAC register on the six-

teenth falling edge of SCLK. See Timing Diagram, Figure 2.

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DAC084S085

20195408

FIGURE 4. Input Register Contents

Normally, the SYNC line is kept low for at least 16 falling

edges of SCLK and the DAC is updated on the 16th SCLK

falling edge. However, if SYNC is brought high before the 16th

falling edge, the data transfer to the shift register is aborted

and the write sequence is invalid. Under this condition, the

DAC register is not updated and there is no change in the

mode of operation or in the DAC output voltages.

1.6 POWER-ON RESET

The power-on reset circuit controls the output voltages of the

four DACs during power-up. Upon application of power, the

DAC registers are filled with zeros and the output voltages are

0V. The outputs remain at 0V until a valid write sequence is

made to the DAC.

1.7 POWER-DOWN MODES

The DAC084S085 has four power-down modes, two of which

are identical. In power-down mode, the supply current drops

to 20 µA at 3V and 30 µA at 5V. The DAC084S085 is set in

power-down mode by setting OP1 and OP0 to 11. Since this

mode powers down all four DACs, the address bits, A1 and

A0, are used to select different output terminations for the

DAC outputs. Setting A1 and A0 to 00 or 11 causes the out-

puts to be tri-stated (a high impedance state). While setting

A1 and A0 to 01 or 10 causes the outputs to be terminated by

2.5 kΩ or 100 kΩ to ground respectively (see Table 1).

TABLE 1. Power-Down Modes

A1 A0 OP1 OP0 Operating Mode

0 0 1 1 High-Z outputs

0111 2.5 kΩ to GND

1011 100 kΩ to GND

1 1 1 1 High-Z outputs

The bias generator, output amplifiers, resistor strings, and

other linear circuitry are all shut down in any of the power-

down modes. However, the contents of the DAC registers are

unaffected when in power-down. Each DAC register main-

tains its value prior to the DAC084S085 being powered down

unless it is changed during the write sequence which instruct-

ed it to recover from power down. Minimum power consump-

tion is achieved in the power-down mode with SYNC and

DIN idled low and SCLK disabled. The time to exit power-down

(Wake-Up Time) is typically tWU µsec as stated in the A.C. and

Timing Characteristics table.

2.0 Applications Information

2.1 USING REFERENCES AS POWER SUPPLIES

While the simplicity of the DAC084S085 implies ease of use,

it is important to recognize that the path from the reference

input (VREFIN) to the VOUTs will have essentially zero Power

Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR). Therefore, it is necessary to

provide a noise-free supply voltage to VREFIN. In order to uti-

lize the full dynamic range of the DAC084S085, the supply

pin (VA) and VREFIN can be connected together and share the

same supply voltage. Since the DAC084S085 consumes very

little power, a reference source may be used as the reference

input and/or the supply voltage. The advantages of using a

reference source over a voltage regulator are accuracy and

stability. Some low noise regulators can also be used. Listed

below are a few reference and power supply options for the

DAC084S085.

2.1.1 LM4130

The LM4130, with its 0.05% accuracy over temperature, is a

good choice as a reference source for the DAC084S085. The

4.096V version is useful if a 0 to 4.095V output range is de-

sirable or acceptable. Bypassing the LM4130 VIN pin with a

0.1µF capacitor and the VOUT pin with a 2.2µF capacitor will

improve stability and reduce output noise. The LM4130

comes in a space-saving 5-pin SOT23.

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DAC084S085

20195413

FIGURE 5. The LM4130 as a power supply

2.1.2 LM4050

Available with accuracy of 0.44%, the LM4050 shunt refer-

ence is also a good choice as a reference for the

DAC084S085. It is available in 4.096V and 5V versions and

comes in a space-saving 3-pin SOT23.

20195414

FIGURE 6. The LM4050 as a power supply

The minimum resistor value in the circuit of Figure 6 must be

chosen such that the maximum current through the LM4050

does not exceed its 15 mA rating. The conditions for maxi-

mum current include the input voltage at its maximum, the

LM4050 voltage at its minimum, and the DAC084S085 draw-

ing zero current. The maximum resistor value must allow the

LM4050 to draw more than its minimum current for regulation

plus the maximum DAC084S085 current in full operation. The

conditions for minimum current include the input voltage at its

minimum, the LM4050 voltage at its maximum, the resistor

value at its maximum due to tolerance, and the DAC084S085

draws its maximum current. These conditions can be sum-

marized as

R(min) = ( VIN(max) − VZ(min) ) /IZ(max)

and

R(max) = ( VIN(min) − VZ(max) ) / ( (IDAC(max) + IZ(min) )

where VZ(min) and VZ(max) are the nominal LM4050 output

voltages ± the LM4050 output tolerance over temperature, IZ

(max) is the maximum allowable current through the LM4050,

IZ(min) is the minimum current required by the LM4050 for

proper regulation, and IDAC(max) is the maximum

DAC084S085 supply current.

2.1.3 LP3985

The LP3985 is a low noise, ultra low dropout voltage regulator

with a 3% accuracy over temperature. It is a good choice for

applications that do not require a precision reference for the

DAC084S085. It comes in 3.0V, 3.3V and 5V versions, among

others, and sports a low 30 µV noise specification at low fre-

quencies. Since low frequency noise is relatively difficult to

filter, this specification could be important for some applica-

tions. The LP3985 comes in a space-saving 5-pin SOT23 and

5-bump micro SMD packages.

20195415

FIGURE 7. Using the LP3985 Regulator

www.national.com 16

DAC084S085

An input capacitance of 1.0µF without any ESR requirement

is required at the LP3985 input, while a 1.0µF ceramic ca-

pacitor with an ESR requirement of 5mΩ to 500mΩ is required

at the output. Careful interpretation and understanding of the

capacitor specification is required to ensure correct device

operation.

2.1.4 LP2980

The LP2980 is an ultra low dropout regulator with a 0.5% or

1.0% accuracy over temperature, depending upon grade. It is

available in 3.0V, 3.3V and 5V versions, among others.

20195416

FIGURE 8. Using the LP2980 Regulator

Like any low dropout regulator, the LP2980 requires an output

capacitor for loop stability. This output capacitor must be at

least 1.0µF over temperature, but values of 2.2µF or more will

provide even better performance. The ESR of this capacitor

should be within the range specified in the LP2980 data sheet.

Surface-mount solid tantalum capacitors offer a good combi-

nation of small size and ESR. Ceramic capacitors are attrac-

tive due to their small size but generally have ESR values that

are too low for use with the LP2980. Aluminum electrolytic

capacitors are typically not a good choice due to their large

size and have ESR values that may be too high at low tem-

peratures.

2.2 BIPOLAR OPERATION

The DAC084S085 is designed for single supply operation and

thus has a unipolar output. However, a bipolar output may be

obtained with the circuit in Figure 9. This circuit will provide

an output voltage range of ±5 Volts. A rail-to-rail amplifier

should be used if the amplifier supplies are limited to ±5V.

20195417

FIGURE 9. Bipolar Operation

The output voltage of this circuit for any code is found to be

VO = (VA x (D / 256) x ((R1 + R2) / R1) - VA x R2 / R1)

where D is the input code in decimal form. With VA = 5V and

R1 = R2,

VO = (10 x D / 256) - 5V

A list of rail-to-rail amplifiers suitable for this application are

indicated in Table 2.

TABLE 2. Some Rail-to-Rail Amplifiers

AMP PKGS Typ VOS Typ ISUPPLY

LMC7111 DIP-8

SOT23-5 0.9 mV 25 µA

LM7301 SO-8

SOT23-5 0.03 mV 620 µA

LM8261 SOT23-5 0.7 mV 1 mA

17 www.national.com

DAC084S085

2.3 DSP/MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING

Interfacing the DAC084S085 to microprocessors and DSPs

is quite simple. The following guidelines are offered to hasten

the design process.

2.3.1 ADSP-2101/ADSP2103 Interfacing

Figure 10 shows a serial interface between the DAC084S085

and the ADSP-2101/ADSP2103. The DSP should be set to

operate in the SPORT Transmit Alternate Framing Mode. It is

programmed through the SPORT control register and should

be configured for Internal Clock Operation, Active Low Fram-

ing and 16-bit Word Length. Transmission is started by writing

a word to the Tx register after the SPORT mode has been

enabled.

20195409

FIGURE 10. ADSP-2101/2103 Interface

2.3.2 80C51/80L51 Interface

A serial interface between the DAC084S085 and the

80C51/80L51 microcontroller is shown in Figure 11. The

SYNC signal comes from a bit-programmable pin on the mi-

crocontroller. The example shown here uses port line P3.3.

This line is taken low when data is transmitted to the

DAC084S085. Since the 80C51/80L51 transmits 8-bit bytes,

only eight falling clock edges occur in the transmit cycle. To

load data into the DAC, the P3.3 line must be left low after the

first eight bits are transmitted. A second write cycle is initiated

to transmit the second byte of data, after which port line P3.3

is brought high. The 80C51/80L51 transmit routine must rec-

ognize that the 80C51/80L51 transmits data with the LSB first

while the DAC084S085 requires data with the MSB first.

20195410

FIGURE 11. 80C51/80L51 Interface

2.3.3 68HC11 Interface

A serial interface between the DAC084S085 and the 68HC11

microcontroller is shown in Figure 12. The SYNC line of the

DAC084S085 is driven from a port line (PC7 in the figure),

similar to the 80C51/80L51.

The 68HC11 should be configured with its CPOL bit as a zero

and its CPHA bit as a one. This configuration causes data on

the MOSI output to be valid on the falling edge of SCLK. PC7

is taken low to transmit data to the DAC. The 68HC11 trans-

mits data in 8-bit bytes with eight falling clock edges. Data is

transmitted with the MSB first. PC7 must remain low after the

first eight bits are transferred. A second write cycle is initiated

to transmit the second byte of data to the DAC, after which

PC7 should be raised to end the write sequence.

20195411

FIGURE 12. 68HC11 Interface

2.3.4 Microwire Interface

Figure 13 shows an interface between a Microwire compatible

device and the DAC084S085. Data is clocked out on the rising

edges of the SK signal. As a result, the SK of the Microwire

device needs to be inverted before driving the SCLK of the

DAC084S085.

20195412

FIGURE 13. Microwire Interface

2.4 LAYOUT, GROUNDING, AND BYPASSING

For best accuracy and minimum noise, the printed circuit

board containing the DAC084S085 should have separate

analog and digital areas. The areas are defined by the loca-

tions of the analog and digital power planes. Both of these

planes should be located in the same board layer. There

should be a single ground plane. A single ground plane is

preferred if digital return current does not flow through the

analog ground area. Frequently a single ground plane design

will utilize a "fencing" technique to prevent the mixing of ana-

log and digital ground current. Separate ground planes should

only be utilized when the fencing technique is inadequate.

The separate ground planes must be connected in one place,

preferably near the DAC084S085. Special care is required to

guarantee that digital signals with fast edge rates do not pass

over split ground planes. They must always have a continu-

ous return path below their traces.

The DAC084S085 power supply should be bypassed with a

10µF and a 0.1µF capacitor as close as possible to the device

with the 0.1µF right at the device supply pin. The 10µF ca-

pacitor should be a tantalum type and the 0.1µF capacitor

should be a low ESL, low ESR type. The power supply for the

DAC084S085 should only be used for analog circuits.

Avoid crossover of analog and digital signals and keep the

clock and data lines on the component side of the board. The

clock and data lines should have controlled impedances.

www.national.com 18

DAC084S085

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

10-Lead MSOP

Order Numbers DAC084S085CIMM

NS Package Number MUB10A

10-Lead LLP

Order Numbers DAC084S085CISD

NS Package Number SDA10A

19 www.national.com

DAC084S085

Notes

DAC084S085 8-Bit Micro Power QUAD Digital-to-Analog Converter with Rail-to-Rail Output

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