19-1649; Rev 0; 4/00 Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp The MAX4321 operational amplifier (op amp) combines a 5MHz gain-bandwidth product and excellent DC accuracy with Rail-to-Rail(R) operation at both the inputs and the output. This device requires only 650A and operates from either a single +2.4V to +6.5V supply or dual 1.2V to 3.25V supplies, although the MAX4321 typically operates down to +1.8V (0.9V). The MAX4321 remains unity-gain stable with capacitive loads up to 500pF and is capable of driving 250 loads to within 200mV of either rail. With rail-to-rail input common-mode range and output swing, the MAX4321 is ideal for low-voltage, single-supply applications. In addition, low 1.2mV input offset voltage and high 2V/s slew rate make this device ideal for signal-conditioning stages for precision, low-voltage dataacquisition systems. The MAX4321 comes in a spacesaving 5-pin SOT23 package and is guaranteed over the extended (-40C to +85C) temperature range. The MAX4321 is a low-voltage, pin-for-pin compatible upgrade for the LMC7101 that offers five-times higher bandwidth, two-times faster slew rate, and about half the input voltage noise density. Features Low-Voltage, Pin-for-Pin Upgrade for LMC7101 Guaranteed +2.4V to +6.5V Single-Supply Operation Typically Operates Down to +1.8V 5MHz Gain-Bandwidth Product 650A Quiescent Current Rail-to-Rail Common-Mode Input Voltage Range Rail-to-Rail Output Voltage Range Drives 250 Loads Unity-Gain Stable for Capacitive Loads up to 500pF No Phase Reversal for Overdriven Inputs Low-Cost Solution in SOT23-5 Package Ordering Information ________________________Applications Battery-Powered Instruments Portable Equipment Data-Acquisition Systems Sensor and Signal Conditioning Low-Power, Low-Voltage Applications PART TEMP. RANGE PINPACKAGE TOP MARK MAX4321EUK-T -40C to +85C 5 SOT23-5 ADOA General-Purpose Low-Voltage Applications Pin Configuration/ Functional Diagram Typical Operating Circuit +5V TOP VIEW MAX187 3 6 SERIAL INTERFACE 8 7 SHDN VDD DOUT AIN SCLK VREF CS GND OUT 1 1 5 VEE 4 IN- 2 MAX4321 VCC 2 4 5 IN+ 3 MAX4321 SOT23 Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX4321 General Description MAX4321 Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltage (VCC to VEE) ....................................-0.3V to +7V All Other Pins ..................................(VEE - 0.3V) to (VCC + 0.3V) Output Short-Circuit Duration.....................................Continuous (short to either supply) Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 5-pin SOT23 (derate 7.1mW/C above +70C)...........571mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................ +300C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +5.0V, VEE = 0, VCM = 0, VOUT = VCC/2, RL = connected to VCC/2, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL Supply Current Input Offset Voltage Input Bias Current Input Offset Current CONDITIONS VCC - VEE MIN TYP 2.4 VCM = VOUT = VCC/2 VCC = +2.4V 650 VCC = +6.5V 725 MAX UNITS 6.5 V A VOS VCM = VEE or VCC 1.2 3.5 mV IBIAS VCM = VEE or VCC 50 150 nA IOFFSET VCM = VEE or VCC 4 25 nA 500 Differential Input Resistance RIN -1.5V < VDIFF <+1.5V Common-Mode Input Voltage Range VCM Inferred from CMRR test VEE k VCC V Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR VEE VCM VCC 60 91 dB Power-Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR 2.4V < VCC < 6.5V 66 100 dB Output Resistance ROUT AV = +1V/V 0.1 VOUT = 0.25V to 4.75V, RL = 100k 103 VOUT = 0.40V to 4.60V, RL = 600 100 Large-Signal Voltage Gain AV VOUT = 0.40V to 4.60V, RL = 250 Output Voltage Swing VOUT 2 86 RL = 100k VCC - VOH VOL - VEE 25 RL = 600 VCC - VOH VOL - VEE 135 VCC - VOH 200 300 VOL - VEE 100 200 RL = 250 Output Short-Circuit Current 70 dB 20 mV 60 50 _______________________________________________________________________________________ mA Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp (VCC = +5.0V, VEE = 0, VCM = 0, VOUT = VCC/2, RL = connected to VCC/2, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL CONDITIONS VCC - VEE MIN 2.4 Supply Current ICC VCM = VOUT = VCC/2 Input Offset Voltage VOS VCM = VEE or VCC Input Offset Voltage Temperature Coefficient Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Common-Mode Input Voltage Range TYP MAX UNITS 6.5 V 1200 A 6 mV V/C 2 IBIAS VCM = VEE or VCC 180 nA IOFFSET VCM = VEE or VCC 50 nA VCC V VCM Inferred from CMRR test VEE 54 Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR VEE VCM VCC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR 2.4V < VCC < 6.5V 62 dB VOUT = 0.40V to 4.60V, RL = 250 66 dB Large-Signal Voltage Gain Output Voltage Swing AV VOUT R = 250 dB VCC - VOH 350 VOL - VEE 250 mV AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +5.0V, VEE = 0, VCM = 0, VOUT = VCC/2, RL = 250 connected to VCC/2, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER Gain-Bandwidth Product SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 5 MHz Phase Margin 64 degrees Gain Margin 12 dB 0.003 % VOUT = 1V step 2 V/s VOUT = 2V step, AV = +1V/V 2 s Total Harmonic Distortion and Noise Slew Rate GBP THD+N SR Settling Time to 0.01% tSETTLE Turn-On Time tON Input Capacitance CIN 10kHz tone, VOUT = 2Vpp, AV = +1V/V VCC = 0 to 3V step 1 s 3 pF Input Noise Voltage Density f = 1kHz 22 nV/ Hz Input Noise Current Density f = 1kHz 0.4 pA/Hz Note 1: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25C. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design and characterization. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX4321 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp MAX4321 Typical Operating Characteristics (VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VCM = VCC/2, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY (WITH CLOAD) MAX4321-02 60 180 0 0 -36 PHASE 20 36 0 0 -108 AV = +1000 NO LOAD 1k -144 10k 100k 1M -40 100 -180 100M 10M 1k 1 0.1 0.01 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 10M 10 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE MAX4321-05 3.00 1.50 VCC = 6.5V 750 700 2.25 VCC = 2.7V 650 0.75 0 -0.75 600 -1.50 550 -2.25 -3.00 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 -40 -25 -10 95 5 20 35 50 65 80 FREQUENCY (Hz) TEMPERATURE (C) TEMPERATURE (C) INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs. COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE COMMON-MODE REJECTION vs. TEMPERATURE 10 0 -10 -20 VCC = 6.5V, VCM = VCC 30 20 VCC = 2.7V, VCM = VCC 10 0 -10 -20 VCC = 2.7V, VCM = VEE -30 -30 -40 -40 -50 1 2 3 4 5 COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V) 6 95 115 110 VCM = 0 TO 5.0V 105 100 95 VCM = -0.2V TO 5.2V 90 85 VCC = 6.5V, VCM = VEE -60 -50 120 COMMON-MODE REJECTION (dB) VCC = 6.5V 20 40 INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) VCC = 2.7V 30 50 MAX4321-07 40 0 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 800 100M 50 INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) 1M 500 100 4 100k -100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 850 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 10 -80 -144 MAX4321-08 OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () AV = +1 -60 -180 100M 900 MAX4321-04 100 -40 -108 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY -20 -72 AV = +1000 RL = CL = 500pF -20 AV = +1 MAX4321-09 -40 100 -36 PHASE -72 -20 72 PSR (dB) 36 GAIN VOLTAGE (mV) 20 GAIN (dB) 72 PHASE (DEGREES) GAIN (dB) GAIN 108 40 108 40 0 144 144 MAX4321-06 180 PHASE (DEGREES) MAX4321-01 60 POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION vs. FREQUENCY MAX4321-03 GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY 80 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 TEMPERATURE (C) 65 80 95 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 TEMPERATURE (C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 65 80 95 Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE 250 150 VCC = 2.7V, RL = 500 100 VCC = 6.5V, RL = 100k RL = 100k 100 200 VCC = 2.7V, RL = 500 150 RL = 10k RL = 2k 90 RL = 500 80 100 50 VCC = 2.7V RL TO VEE 110 VCC = 6.5V, RL = 500 GAIN (dB) VCC - VOUT (mV) VOUT - VEE (mV) RL TO VEE VCC = 6.5V, RL = 500 120 MAX4321-11 RL TO VCC 200 300 MAX4321-10 250 LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE MAX4321-12 MINIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE VCC = 6.5V, RL = 100k (TOP) 50 70 VCC = 2.7V, RL = 100k (BOTTOM) 0 -40 -25 -10 20 35 50 65 0 80 95 5 20 35 65 80 95 0 100 200 300 500 400 TEMPERATURE (C) OUTPUT VOLTAGE: FROM VCC (mV) LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE RL = 100k VCC = 2.7V RL TO VCC 110 RL = 100k 100 GAIN (dB) RL = 2k 80 100 RL = 2k 90 RL = 500 80 600 RL = 10k RL = 10k RL = 10k 90 VCC = 6.5V RL TO VCC 110 GAIN (dB) 100 120 MAX4321-14 120 RL = 100k GAIN (dB) 50 TEMPERATURE (C) VCC = 6.5V RL TO VEE 110 60 -40 -25 -10 MAX4321-13 120 5 MAX4321-15 VCC = 2.7V, RL = 100k RL = 2k 90 RL = 500 80 RL = 500 70 70 60 60 200 300 600 500 400 100 200 300 600 500 400 0 100 200 300 400 500 OUTPUT VOLTAGE: FROM VCC (mV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE: FROM VEE (mV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE: FROM VEE (mV) LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE MINIMUM OPERATING VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE 125 VCC = 6.5V, RL TO VEE 120 VCC = 6.5V, RL TO VCC 115 VCC = 2.7V, RL TO VEE 105 110 GAIN (dB) 110 100 95 VCC = 6.5V, RL TO VCC 90 105 100 95 VCC = 2.7V, RL TO VCC 90 85 85 80 VCC = 2.7V, RL TO VEE 80 VCC = 2.7V, RL TO VCC 75 VOUT(p-p) = VCC - 600mV RL = 100k 5 20 35 50 TEMPERATURE (C) 65 80 95 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 75 -40 -25 -10 1.9 600 MAX4321-18 VCC = 6.5V, RL TO VEE MINIMUM OPERATING VOLTAGE (V) RL = 500 VOUT(p-p) = VCC - 1V 115 GAIN (dB) 60 0 MAX4321-17 120 100 MAX4321-16 0 125 70 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 TEMPERATURE (C) 65 80 95 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 TEMPERATURE (C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX4321 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VCM = VCC/2, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VCM = VCC/2, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) 0.025 0.020 0.015 MAX4321-20 AV = +1 10kHz SINE WAVE RL TO VCC / 2 500kHz LOWPASS FILTER 0.01 SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE (NONINVERTING) AV = +1 IN VOLTAGE 50mV/div RL = 2k RL = 250 0.010 OUT RL = 10k 0.005 RL = 100k 0.001 0 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 4.0 100k 4.4 4.6 4.8 200ns/div 5.0 LARGE-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE (INVERTING) LARGE-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE (NONINVERTING) MAX4321-22 SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE (INVERTING) AV = -1 4.2 PEAK-TO-PEAK SIGNAL AMPLITUDE (V) AV = +1 IN IN IN VOLTAGE 2V/div OUT AV = -1 VOLTAGE 2V/div 100 MAX4321-23 10 MAX4321-24 THD + NOISE (%) 0.030 THD + NOISE (%) AV = +1 2Vp-p SIGNAL 500kHz LOWPASS FILTER RL = 10k TO VCC / 2 0.035 0.1 MAX4321-19 0.040 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. PEAK-TO-PEAK SIGNAL AMPLITUDE MAX4321-21 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY VOLTAGE 50mV/div MAX4321 Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp OUT OUT 2s/div 200ns/div 2s/div Pin Description 6 PIN NAME 1 OUT Output FUNCTION 2 VCC Positive Supply 3 IN+ Noninverting Input 4 5 INVEE Inverting Input Negative Supply. Connect to ground for single-supply operation. _______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp Rail-to-Rail Input Stage The MAX4321 high-speed amplifier has rail-to-rail input and output stages designed for low-voltage, singlesupply operation. The input stage consists of separate NPN and PNP differential stages, which combine to provide an input common-mode range extending to the supply rails. The PNP stage is active for input voltages close to the negative rail, and the NPN stage is active for input voltages near the positive rail. The switchover transition region, which occurs near VCC / 2, has been extended to minimize the slight degradation in CMRR caused by the mismatch of the input pairs. Its low offset voltage, high bandwidth, and rail-to-rail common-mode range makes this op amp an excellent choice for precision, low-voltage, data-acquisition systems. Since the input stage switches between the NPN and PNP pairs, the input bias current changes polarity as the input voltage passes through the transition region. To reduce the offset error caused by input bias cur- rents flowing through external source impedances, match the effective impedance seen by each input (Figures 1a, 1b). High source impedances, together with the input capacitance, can create a parasitic pole that produces an underdamped signal response. Reducing the input impedance or placing a small (2pF to 10pF) capacitor across the feedback resistor improves the response. The MAX4321's inputs are protected from large differential input voltages by 1k series resistors and back-toback triple diodes across the inputs (Figure 2). For differential input voltages less than 1.8V, the input resistance is typically 500k. For differential input voltages greater than 1.8V, the input resistance is approximately 2k, and the input bias current is determined by the following equation: IBIAS = R3 R3 MAX4321 MAX4321 R1 R3 = R1 VDIFF - 1.8V 2k R2 R2 R1 R3 = R1 Figure 1a. Reducing Offset Error Due to Bias Current (Noninverting) R2 R2 Figure 1b. Reducing Offset Error Due to Bias Current (Inverting) 1k 1k Figure 2. Input Protection Circuit _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX4321 __________ Applications Information Rail-to-Rail Output Stage The minimum output voltage will be within millivolts of ground for single-supply operation where the load is referenced to ground (VEE). Figure 3 shows the input voltage range and output voltage swing of a MAX4321 connected as a voltage follower. With a +3V supply and the 100k load tied to ground, the output swings from 0.02V to 2.97V. The maximum output voltage swing depends on the load but will be within 300mV of a +5V supply, even with the maximum load (250 to ground). LOAD CAPACITIVE (pF) VOLTAGE 1V/div IN Driving a capacitive load can cause instability in most high-speed op amps, especially those with low quiescent current. The MAX4321 has a high tolerance for capacitive loads. It is stable with capacitive loads up to 500pF. Figure 4 gives the stable operating region for capacitive loads. Figures 5 and 6 show the response with capacitive loads and the results of adding an isolation resistor in series with the output (Figure 7). The resistor improves the circuit's phase margin by isolating the load capacitor from the op amp's output. 10,000 VCC = 3V AV = +1 OUT UNSTABLE REGION 1000 RL TO VEE VOUT = VCC / 2 RL = 100k 2s/div Figure 3. Rail-to-Rail Input /Output Voltage Range 100 100 1k 10k RESISTIVE LOAD () 100k Figure 4. Capacitive-Load Stability AV = +1 CL = 500pF IN AV = +1 CL = 1000pF RS = 39 VOLTAGE 50mV/div IN VOLTAGE 50mV/div MAX4321 Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp OUT OUT 400ns/div Figure 5. Small-Signal Transient Response with Capacitive Load 8 400ns/div Figure 6. Transient Response to Capacitive Load with Isolation Resistor _______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp Power Supplies and Layout The MAX4321 operates from single +2.4V to +6.5V or dual 1.2V to 3.25V supplies, though it typically operates down to +1.8V (0.9V). For single-supply operation, bypass the power supply with a 0.1F ceramic capacitor in parallel with at least 1F. For dual supplies, bypass each supply to ground. Good layout improves performance by decreasing the amount of stray capacitance at the op amp's inputs and outputs. To decrease stray capacitance, minimize trace lengths and resistor leads by placing external components close to the op amp's pins. Package Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 84 VCC MAX4321 0V TO 2.7V STEP FOR POWER-UP TEST 2k RS VOUT CL MAX4321 2k Figure 7. Capacitive-Load-Driving Circuit 10k Figure 8. Power-Up Test Circuit VCC 1V/div VOLTAGE 1V/div VCC SUPPLY-CURRENT 10 MONITORING POINT OUT ICC 500A/div 5s/div 5s/div Figure 9. Power-Up Output Voltage Figure 10. Power-Up Supply Current _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX4321 Power-Up The MAX4321 typically settles within 1s after power-up. Using the test circuit of Figure 8, Figures 9 and 10 show the output voltage and supply current on power-up. Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp SOT-23 5L .EPS MAX4321 Package Information 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp ______________________________________________________________________________________ MAX4321 NOTES 11 MAX4321 Low-Cost, Low-Voltage, Rail-to-Rail, Input/Output, SOT23 5MHz Op Amp NOTES Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2000 Maxim Integrated Products is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 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