TSC87C51-25MJMQ - Atmel Corporation

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

CMOS 0 to 25 MHz Programmable 8–bit Microcontroller

Description

TEMIC’s TSC87C51 is high performance CMOS

EPROM version of the 80C51 CMOS single chip 8 bit

microcontroller.

The fully static design of the TSC87C51 allows to

reduce system power consumption by bringing the clock

frequency down to any value, even DC, without loss of

data.

The TSC87C51 retains all the features of the 80C51 with

some enhancement: 4 K bytes of internal code memory

(EPROM); 128 bytes of internal data memory (RAM);

32 I/O lines; two 16 bit timers; a 5-source, 2-level

interrupt structure; a full duplex serial port with framing

error detection; a power off flag; and an on-chip

oscillator.

The TSC87C51 has 2 software-selectable modes of

reduced activity for further reduction in power

consumption. In the idle mode the CPU is frozen while

the RAM, the timers, the serial port and the interrupt

system continue to function. In the power down mode

the RAM is saved and all other functions are inoperative.

The TSC87C51 is manufactured using non volatile

SCMOS process which allows it to run up to:

D25 MHz with VCC = 5 V ± 10%.

Features

D4 Kbytes of EPROM

GImproved Quick Pulse programming algorithm

GSecret ROM by encryption

D128 bytes of RAM

D64 Kbytes program memory space

D64 Kbytes data memory space

D32 programmable I/O lines

DTwo 16 bit timer/counters

DProgrammable serial port with framing error

detection

DPower control modes

DTwo–level interrupt priority

DFully static design

D0.8µ SCMOS non volatile process

DONCE Mode

DEnhanced Hooks system for emulation purpose

DMilitary temperature ranges (–55oC to + 125oC)

DAvailable packages:

GCDIL40 (OTP)

GCDIL40 (UV erasable)

GCQPJ44 (OTP)

GCQPJ44 (UV erasable)

TSC87C51

2Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Block Diagram

EPROM

Figure 1 TSC87C51 Block diagram

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Pin Configuration

P1.0

P1.1

P1.2

P1.3

P1.4

P1.5

P1.6

P1.7

RST

P3.0/RxD

P3.1/TxD

P3.2/INT0

P3.3/INT1

P3.4/T0

P3.5/T1

P3.6/WR

P3.7/RD

XTAL2

XTAL1

VSS

CQPJ

18 19 23222120 262524 27 28

5 4 3 2 1 6 44 43 42 41 40

P1.4

P1.0/T2

P1.1/T2EX

P1.3

P1.2

VSS1

VCC

P0.0/AD0

P0.2/AD2

P0.3/AD3

P0.1/AD1

P0.4/AD4

P0.6/AD6

P0.5/AD5

P0.7/AD7

ALE/PROG

PSEN

EA/VPP

Reserved

P2.7/A15

P2.5/A13

P2.6/A14

P3.6/WR

P3.7/RD

XTAL2

XTAL1

VSS

Reserved

P2.0/A8

P2.1/A9

P2.2/A10

P2.3/A11

P2.4/A12

P1.5

P1.6

P1.7

RST

P3.0/RxD

Reserved

P3.1/TxD

P3.2/INT0

P3.3/INT1

P3.4/T0

P3.5/T1

VCC

P0.0

P0.1

P0.2

P0.3

P0.4

P0.5

P0.6

P0.7

EA/VPP

ALE/PROG

PSEN

P2.7

P2.6

P2.5

P2.4

P2.3

P2.2

P2.1

P2.0

CDIL

Figure 2 TSC87C51 pin configuration

Do not connect Reserved pins.

TSC87C51

4Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Pin Description

VSS

Circuit ground potential.

VSS1

Secondary ground (not on DIP). Provided to reduce ground bounce and improve power supply by–passing.

Note: This pin is not a substitute for the VSS pin. Connection is not necessary for proper operation.

VCC

Supply voltage during normal, Idle, and Power Down operation.

Port 0

Port 0 is an 8 bit open drain bi-directional I/O port. Port 0 pins that have 1’s written to them float, and in that state can

be used as high-impedance inputs.

Port 0 is also the multiplexed low-order address and data bus during accesses to external Program and Data Memory.

In this application it uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1’s.

Port 0 can sink eight LS TTL inputs.

Port 0 is used as data bus during EPROM programming and program verification.

Port 1

Port 1 is an 8 bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. Port 1 pins that have 1’s written to them are pulled high

by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled

low will source current (IIL, in the DC parameters section) because of the internal pullups.

Port 1 can sink/ source three LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without external pullups.

Port 1 receives the low–order address byte during EPROM programming and program verification.

Port 2

Port 2 is an 8 bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. Port 2 pins that have 1’s written to them are pulled high

by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled

low will source current (IIL, in the DC parameters section) because of the internal pullups.

Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external Program Memory and during accesses to external

Data Memory that use 16 bit addresses (MOVX @DPTR). In this application, it uses strong internal pullups when

emitting 1’s. During accesses to external Data Memory that use 8 bit addresses (MOVX @Ri), Port 2 emits the contents

of the P2 Special Function Register.

Port 2 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without external pullups.

Some Port 2 pins receive the high–order address bits and control signals during EPROM programming and program

verification.

Port 3

Port 3 is an 8 bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. Port 3 pins that have 1’s written to them are pulled high

by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled

low will source current (IIL, in the DC parameters section) because of the pullups.

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the TEMIC’s C51 Family, as listed below:

Port Pin Alternate Function

P3.0

P3.1

P3.2

P3.3

P3.4

P3.5

P3.6

P3.7

RxD (serial input port)

TxD (serial output port)

INT0 (external interrupt 0)

INT1 (external interrupt 1)

T0 (Timer 0 external input)

T1 (Timer 1 external input)

WR (external Data Memory write strobe)

RD (external Data Memory read strobe)

Port 3 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without external pullups.

Some Port 3 pins receive control signals during EPROM programming and program verification.

RST

A high level on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device. An internal pull-down

resistor permits Power-On reset using only a capacitor connected to VCC. The port pins will be driven to their reset

condition when a minimum VIH1 voltage is applied whether the oscillator is started or not (asynchronous reset).

ALE/PROG

Address Latch Enable output for latching the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory. ALE is

activated as though for this purpose at a constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator frequency except during an external data

memory access at which time one ALE pulse is skipped.

ALE can sink/source 8 LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without external pullup.

If desired, to reduce EMI, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR location 8Eh (MSCON). With this

bit set, the pin is weakly pulled high. However, ALE remains active during MOVX, MOVC instructions and external

fetches. Setting the ALE disable bit has no ef fect if the microcontroller is in external execution mode (EA=0).

Throughout the remainder of this datasheet, ALE will refer to the signal coming out of the ALE/PROG pin, and the

pin will be referred to as the ALE/PROG pin.

PSEN

Program Store Enable output is the read strobe to external Program Memory. PSEN is activated twice each machine

cycle during fetches from external Program Memory. (However , when executing out of external Program Memory , two

activations of PSEN are skipped during each access to external Data Memory). PSEN is not activated during fetches

from internal Program Memory. PSEN can sink/source 8 LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without an external

pullup.

EA/VPP

External Access enable. EA must be strapped to VSS in order to enable the device to fetch code from external Program

Memory locations 0000h to FFFFh. Note however , that if any of the Security bits are programmed, EA will be internally

latched on reset.

EA should be strapped to VCC for internal program execution.

This pin also receives the programming supply voltage (VPP) during EPROM programming.

XTAL1

Input to the inverting amplifier that forms the oscillator. Receives the external oscillator signal when an external

oscillator is used.

XTAL2

Output from the inverting amplifier that forms the oscillator. This pin should be floated when an external oscillator

is used.

TSC87C51

6Rev. E – July 03, 2000

New and Enhanced Features

In comparison to the original 80C51, the TSC87C51 implements some new and enhanced features. The new features

are the Power Off Flag, the ONCE mode and the ALE disabling. The enhanced feature is located in the UART.

Power Off Flag

The Power Off Flag allows the user to distinguish between a ‘cold start’ reset and a ‘warm start’ reset.

A cold start reset is one that is coincident with VCC being turned on to the device after it was turned off. A warm start

reset occurs while VCC is still applied to the device and could be generated for example by an exit from Power Down.

The Power Off Flag (POF) is located in PCON at bit location 4 (see Table 1). POF is set by hardware when VCC rises

from 0 to its nominal voltage. The POF can be set or cleared by software allowing the user to determine the type of

reset.

Table 1 PCON – Power Control Register (87h)

76543210

SMOD1 SMOD0 – POF GF1 GF0 PD IDL

Symbol Description

SMOD1 Serial Port Mode bit 1, new name of SMOD bit

Set to select double baud rate in mode 1,2 or 3.

SMOD0 Serial Port Mode bit 0

Set to to select FE bit in SCON.

Clear to select SM0 bit in SCON.

–Reserved

Do not write 1 in this bit.

POF Power Off Flag

Set by hardware when VCC rises from 0 to its nominal voltage. Can also be set by software.

Clear by software to recognize next reset type.

GF1 General purpose Flag

Set by software for general purpose usage.

Clear by software for general purpose usage.

GF0 General purpose Flag

Set by software for general purpose usage.

Clear by software for general purpose usage.

PD Power Down mode bit

Set to enter power down mode.

Clear by hardware when reset occurs.

IDL Idle mode bit

Set to enter idle mode.

Clear by hardware when interrupt or reset occur.

The reset value of PCON is 00XX 0000b.

ONCE Mode

The ONCE mode facilitates testing and debugging of systems using TSC87C51 without the TSC87C51 having to be

removed from the circuit. The ONCE mode is invoked by driving certain pins of the TSC87C51, the following sequence

must be exercised.

DPull ALE low while the device is in reset (RST high) and PSEN is high.

DHold ALE low as RST is deactivated.

While the TSC87C51 is in ONCE mode, an emulator or test CPU can be used to drive the circuit. Table 2 shows the

status of the port pins during ONCE mode.

Normal operation is restored when normal reset is applied.

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Table 2 External pin status during ONCE mode

ALE PSEN Port 0 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 XTAL1/2

Weak pull–up Weak pull–up Float Weak pull–up Weak pull–up Weak pull–up Active

ALE Disabling

The ALE signal is used to demultiplex address and data buses on port 0 when used with external program or data

memory. Nevertheless, during internal code execution, ALE signal is still generated. In order to reduce EMI, ALE

signal should be disabled by setting AO bit.

The AO bit is located in MSCON at bit location 0 (see Table 3). As soon as AO is set, ALE is no longer output but

remains active during MOVX and MOVC instructions and external fetches. During ALE disabling, ALE pin is weakly

pulled high.

Table 3 MSCON – Miscellaneous Control Register (8Eh)

76543210

– – – – – – – AO

Symbol Description

–Reserved

Do not write 1 in these bits.

AO ALE Output bit

Set to disable ALE operation during internal fetches.

Clear to restore ALE operation during internal fetches.

The reset value of MSCON is XXXX XXX0b.

UART

The UART in the TSC87C51 operates identically to the UART in the 80C51 but includes the following enhancement.

For a complete understanding of the TSC87C51 UART please refer to the description in the 80C51 Hardware

Description Guide.

Framing Error Detection

Framing error detection allows the serial port to check for missing stop bits in the communication in mode 1, 2 or 3.

A missing stop bit can be caused for example by noise on the serial lines or transmission by two CPUs simultaneously.

If a stop bit is missing a Framing Error bit (FE) is set. The FE bit can be checked in software after each reception to

detect communication errors. Once set, the FE bit must be cleared in software. A valid stop bit will not clear FE.

The FE bit is located in SCON at bit location 7. It shares the same bit location as SM0 (see Table 4). The new control

bit SMOD0 in PCON (see Table 1) determines whether the SM0 or FE bit is accessed (see Figure 3), so whether the

framing error detection is enabled or not. If SMOD0 is set then SCON.7 functions as FE, if SMOD0 is cleared then

SCON.7 functions as SM0. Once set, the FE bit must be cleared by software. A valid stop bit will not clear FE. When

UART is in mode 1 (8–bit mode), RI flag is set during stop bit whether or not framing error is enabled (see Figure 4).

When in mode 2 and 3 (9–bit mode), RI flag is set during stop bit if framing error is enabled or during ninth bit if not

(see Figure 5).

TSC87C51

8Rev. E – July 03, 2000

RITIRB8TB8RENSM2SM1SM0/FE

IDLPDGF0GF1POF–SMOD0SMOD1

To UART framing error control

SM0 to UART mode control

Set FE bit if stop bit is 0 (framing error)

Figure 3 Framing error block diagram

Data byte

SMOD0=X

Stop

bit

Start

bit

RXD D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0

SMOD0=1

Figure 4 Enhanced UART timing diagram in mode 1

SMOD0=0

Data byte Ninth

bit Stop

bit

Start

bit

RXD D8D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0

SMOD0=1

Figure 5 Enhanced UART timing diagram in mode 2 and 3

Table 4 SCON – Serial Control Register (98h)

76543210

SM0/FE SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI

Symbol Description

SM0

Framing Error bit (SMOD0 bit set)

Set by hardware when an invalid stop bit is detected.

Clear to reset the error state, not cleared by a valid stop bit.

Serial Mode bit 0 (SMOD0 bit cleared)

Used with SM1 to select serial mode.

SM1 Serial Mode bit 1

Used with SM0 to select serial mode.

SM2 Multiprocessor Communication Enable bit

Set to enable multiprocessor communication feature in mode 2 and 3.

Clear to disable multiprocessor communication feature.

REN Serial Reception Enable bit

Set to enable serial reception.

Clear to disable serial reception.

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

DescriptionSymbol

TB8 Ninth bit to transmit in mode 2 and 3

Set to transmit a logic 1 in the 9th bit.

Clear to transmit a logic 0 in the 9th bit.

RB8 Ninth bit received in mode 2 and 3

Set by hardware if 9th bit received is logic 1.

Clear by hardware if 9th bit received is logic 0.

TI Transmit Interrupt Flag

Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in mode 0 or at the beginning of the stop bit in the other

modes.

Clear to acknowledge interrupt.

RI Receive Interrupt Flag

Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in mode 0, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 in the other modes.

Clear to acknowledge interrupt.

The reset value of SCON is 0000 0000b.

TSC87C51

10 Rev. E – July 03, 2000

EPROM

EPROM Structure

The TSC87C51 EPROM is divided in two different arrays:

Dthe code array: 4 Kbytes.

Dthe encryption array: 64 bytes.

In addition a third non programmable array is implemented:

Dthe signature array: 4 bytes.

EPROM Lock System

The program Lock system, when programmed, protects the on–chip program against software piracy.

Encryption Array

Within the EPROM array are 64 bytes of encryption array that are initially unprogrammed (all 1’s). Every time a byte

is addressed during program verify, 6 address lines are used to select a byte of the encryption array. This byte is then

exclusive–NOR’ed (XNOR) with the code byte, creating an encryption verify byte. The algorithm, with the encryption

array in the unprogrammed state, will return the code in its original, unmodified form.

When using the encryption array, one important factor needs to be considered. If a byte has the value FFh, verifying

the byte will produce the encryption byte value. If a large block (>64 bytes) of code left unprogrammed, a verification

routine will display the content of the encryption array . For this reason all the unused code bytes should be programmed

with random values. This will ensure program protection.

EPROM Programming

Set–up modes

In order to program and verify the EPROM or to read the signature bytes, the TSC87C51 is placed in specific set–up

modes (see Figure 6).

Control and program signals must be held at the levels indicated in Table 5.

Definition of terms

Address Lines: P1.0–P1.7, P2.0–P2.3 respectively for A0–A11

Data Lines: P0.0–P0.7 for D0–D7

Control Signals: RST, PSEN, P2.6, P2.7, P3.3, P3.6, P3.7.

Program Signals: ALE/PROG, EA/VPP.

Table 5 EPROM Set–up Modes

Mode RST PSEN ALE/

PROG EA/VPP P2.6 P2.7 P3.3 P3.6 P3.7

Program Code data 1 0 12.75V 0 1 1 1 1

Verify Code data 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

Program Encryption Array

Address 0–3Fh 1 0 12.75V 0 1 1 0 1

Read Signature Bytes 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

+5V

VCC

P0.0–P0.7

P1.0–P1.7

P2.0–P2.3

VSS

GND

D0–D7

A0–A7

A8–A11

RST

EA/VPP

ALE/PROG

PSEN

P2.6

P2.7

P3.3

P3.7

P3.6

XTAL14 to 6 MHz

CONTROL

SIGNALS*

PROGRAM

SIGNALS*

* See Table 5 for proper value on these inputs

Figure 6 Set–up modes configuration

Programming algorithm

The Improved Quick Pulse algorithm is based on the Quick Pulse algorithm and decreases the number of pulses applied

during byte programming from 25 to 5.

To program the TSC87C51 the following sequence must be exercised:

DStep 1: Input the valid address on the address lines.

DStep 2: Input the appropriate data on the data lines.

DStep 3: Activate the combination of control signals.

DStep 4: Raise EA/VPP from VCC to VPP (typical 12.75V).

DStep 5: Pulse ALE/PROG 5 times.

Repeat step 1 through 5 changing the address and data for the entire array or until the end of the object file is reached

(see Figure 7).

Verify algorithm

Code array verify must be done after each byte or block of bytes is programmed. In either case, a complete verify of

the programmed array will ensure reliable programming of the TSC87C51.

To verify the TSC87C51 code the following sequence must be exercised :

DStep 1: Activate the combination of program signals.

DStep 2: Input the valid address on the address lines.

DStep 3: Input the appropriate data on the data lines.

DStep 4: Activate the combination of control signals.

Repeat step 2 through 4 changing the address and data for the entire array (see Figure 7).

The encryption array cannot be directly verified. Verification of the encryption array is done by observing that the code

array is well encrypted.

TSC87C51

12 Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Control

signals

Data In

ALE/PROG

A0–A11

Programming Cycle

1 2 3 5 4

10us100us

D0–D7

EA/VPP

Data Out

Read/Verify Cycle

12.75V

Figure 7 Programming and verification signal’s waveform

Signature bytes

The TSC87C51 has four signature bytes in location 30h, 31h, 60h and 61h. To read these bytes follow the procedure

for EPROM verify but activate the control lines provided in Table 5 for Read Signature Bytes. Table 6 shows the

content of the signature byte for the TSC87C51.

Table 6 Signature bytes content

Location Contents Comment

30h 58h Customer selection byte: TEMIC

31h 58h Family selection byte: C51

60h 9Eh TSC87C51

61h XXh Product revision number

EPROM Erasure (Windowed Packages Only)

Erasing the EPROM erases the code array and also the encryption array returning the parts to full functionality.

Erasure leaves all the EPROM cells in a 1’s state.

Erasure Characteristics

The recommended erasure procedure is exposure to ultraviolet light (at 2537 Å) to an integrated dose at least 15

W–sec/cm2. Exposing the EPROM to an ultraviolet lamp of 12,000 µW/cm2 rating for 30 minutes, at a distance of

about 25 mm, should be sufficient.

Erasure of the EPROM begins to occur when the chip is exposed to light with wavelength shorter than approximately

4,000 Å. Since sunlight and fluorescent lighting have wavelengths in this range, exposure to these light sources over

an extended time (about 1 week in sunlight, or 3 years in room–level fluorescent lighting) could cause inadvertent

erasure. If an application subjects the device to this type of exposure, it is suggested that an opaque label be placed

over the window.

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Electrical Characteristics

Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)

Ambiant Temperature Under Bias:

M = military –55_C to 125_C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Storage Temperature –65_C to + 150_C. . . . . . . . . . .

Voltage on VCC to VSS –0.5 V to + 6.5 V. . . . . . . . . .

Voltage on VPP to VSS –0.5 V to + 13 V. . . . . . . . . . .

Voltage on Any Pin to VSS –0.5 V to VCC + 0.5 V. . .

Power Dissipation 1 W(2)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notice:

1.Stresses at or above those listed under “ Absolute Maximum Rat-

ings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rat-

ing only and functional operation of the device at these or any other

conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this

specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating

conditions may affect device reliability.

2. This value is based on the maximum allowable die temperatur e and

the thermal resistance of the package.

TSC87C51

14 Rev. E – July 03, 2000

DC Parameters for Standard Voltage, commercial, industrial and military

temperature range

TA = –55°C to +125°C; VSS = 0V; VCC = 5V ± 10%; F = 0 to 25 MHz.

Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions

VIL Input Low Voltage –0.5 0.2 VCC – 0.1 V

VIH Input High Voltage except XTAL1, RST 0.2 VCC + 1.2

(military) VCC + 0.5 V

VIH1 Input High Voltage, XTAL1, RST 0.7 VCC VCC + 0.5 V

VOL Output Low Voltage, ports 1, 2, 3 (6) 0.3

0.45

1.0

IOL = 100µA(4)

IOL = 1.6mA(4)

IOL = 3.5mA(4)

VOL1 Output Low Voltage, port 0, ALE, PSEN (6) 0.3

0.45

1.0

IOL = 200µA(4)

IOL = 3.2mA(4)

IOL = 7.0mA(4)

VOH Output High Voltage, ports 1, 2, 3 VCC – 0.3

VCC – 0.7

VCC – 1.5

IOH = –10µA

IOH = –30µA

IOH = –60µA

VCC = 5V ± 10%

VOH1 Output High Voltage, port 0, ALE, PSEN VCC – 0.3

VCC – 0.7

VCC – 1.5

IOH = –200µA

IOH = –3.2mA

IOH = –7.0mA

VCC = 5V ± 10%

RRST RST Pulldown Resistor 50 90 (5) 200 kΩ

IIL Logical 0 Input Current ports 1, 2 and 3 –50 µAVin = 0.45V

ILI Input Leakage Current ±10 µA0.45 < Vin < VCC

ITL Logical 1 to 0 Transition Current, ports 1, 2, 3 –650 µAVin = 2.0V

CIO Capacitance of I/O Buffer 10 pF fc = 1MHz, TA = 25°C

IPD Power Down Current 10 (5) 50 µAVCC = 2.0V to 5.5V(3)

ICC Power Supply Current (7)

Freq = 1 MHz Icc op

Icc idle

Freq = 6 MHz Icc op

Icc idle

Freq ≥ 12 MHz

Icc op = 1.25 Freq (MHz) + 5 mA

Icc idle = 0.36 Freq (MHz) + 2.7 mA

Icc idle = 0.4 Freq (MHz) + 2.7 mA (military)

(5)

20@12MHz

40@25MHz

8@12MHz

13@25MHz

1.8

VCC = 5.5V(1)

VCC = 5.5V(2)

Notes for DC Electrical Characteristics

1. Operating ICC is measured with all output pins disconnected; XTAL1 driven with TCLCH, TCHCL = 5 ns (see Figure 11), VIL = VSS + 0.5V,

VIH = VCC – 0.5V; XTAL2 N.C.; EA = RST = Port 0 = VCC. ICC would be slightly higher if a crystal oscillator used (see NO TAG).

2. Idle ICC is measured with all output pins disconnected; XT AL1 driven with TCLCH, TCHCL = 5ns, VIL = VSS + 0.5V, VIH = VCC–0.5V ; XT AL2

N.C; Port 0 = VCC; EA = RST = VSS (see Figure 9).

3. Power Down ICC is measured with all output pins disconnected; EA = VSS, PORT 0 = VCC; XTAL2 NC.; RST = VSS (see NO TAG).

4. Capacitance loading on Ports 0 and 2 may cause spurious noise pulses to be superimposed on the VOLs of ALE and Ports 1 and 3. The noise is due

to external bus capacitance discharging into the Port 0 and Port 2 pins when these pins make 1 to 0 transitions during bus operation. In the worst

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

cases (capacitive loading 100pF), the noise pulse on the ALE line may exceed 0.45V with maxi VOL peak 0.6V. A Schmitt T rigger use is not neces-

sary.

5. Typicals are based on a limited number of samples and are not guaranteed. The values listed are at room temperature and 5V.

6. Under steady state (non–transient) conditions, IOL must be externally limited as follows:

Maximum IOL per port pin: 10 mA

Maximum IOL per 8–bit port:

Port 0: 26 mA

Ports 1, 2 and 3: 15 mA

Maximum total IOL for all output pins: 71 mA

If IOL exceeds the test condition, VOL may exceed the related specification. Pins are not guaranteed to sink current greater than the listed test condi-

tions.

7. For other values, please contact your sales office.

VCC

ICC

(NC)

CLOCK

SIGNAL

VCC

All other pins are disconnected.

RST

XTAL2

XTAL1

VSS

VCC

Figure 8 ICC Test Condition, Active Mode

RST EA

XTAL2

XTAL1

VSS

VCC

ICC

(NC)

VCC

All other pins are disconnected.

CLOCK

SIGNAL

Figure 9 ICC Test Condition, Idle Mode

RST EA

XTAL2

XTAL1

VSS

VCC

ICC

(NC)

VCC

All other pins are disconnected.

Figure 10 ICC Test Condition, Power Down Mode

VCC–0.5V

0.45V

0.7VCC

0.2VCC–0.1

TCLCH

TCHCL

TCLCH = TCHCL = 5ns.

Figure 11 Clock Signal Waveform for ICC Tests in

Active and Idle Modes

TSC87C51

16 Rev. E – July 03, 2000

AC Parameters

Explanation of the AC Symbols

Each timing symbol has 5 characters. The first character is always a “T” (stands for time). The other characters,

depending on their positions, stand for the name of a signal or the logical status of that signal. The following is a list

of all the characters and what they stand for.

Example: TAVLL = T ime for Address Valid to ALE Low.

TLLPL = Time for ALE Low to PSEN Low.

TA = –55°C to +125°C; VSS = 0V; VCC = 5V ± 10%; F = 0 to 12MHz.

(Load Capacitance for PORT 0, ALE and PSEN = 100pf; Load Capacitance for all other outputs = 80 pF.)

External Program Memory Characteristics

0 to 12 MHz 25 MHz

Symbol Parameter Min Max Min Max Units

TLHLL ALE pulse width 2TCLCL – 40 70 ns

TAVLL Address Valid to ALE TCLCL – 40 20 ns

TLLAX Address Hold After ALE TCLCL – 30 28 ns

TLLIV ALE to Valid Instruction In 4TCLCL – 100 120 ns

TLLPL ALE to PSEN TCLCL – 30 30 ns

TPLPH PSEN Pulse Width 3TCLCL – 45 100 ns

TPLIV PSEN to Valid Instruction In 3TCLCL – 105 80 ns

TPXIX Input Instruction Hold After

PSEN 0 0 ns

TPXIZ Input Instruction FloatAfter

PSEN TCLCL – 25 35 ns

TPXAV PSEN to Address Valid TCLCL – 8 40 ns

TAVIV Address to Valid Instruction

In 5TCLCL – 105 140 ns

TPXAV PSEN Low to Address Float 10 10 ns

External Program Memory Read Cycle

TPLIV

TPLAZ

ALE

PSEN

PORT 0

PORT 2

A0–A7A0–A7 INSTR ININSTR IN INSTR IN

ADDRESS

OR SFR–P2 ADDRESS A8–A15ADDRESS A8–A15

12 TCLCL

TAVIV

TLHLL

TAVLL

TLLIV

TLLPL

TPLPH

TPXAV

TPXIX TPXIZ

TLLAX

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

External Data Memory Characteristics

0 to 12 MHz 25 MHz

Symbol Parameter Min Max Min Max Units

TRLRH RD Pulse Width 6TCLCL–100 210 ns

TWLWH WR Pulse Width 6TCLCL–100 210 ns

TRLDV RD to Valid Data In 5TCLCL–165 170 ns

TRHDX Data Hold After RD 00ns

TRHDZ Data Float After RD 2TCLCL–60 70 ns

TLLDV ALE to Valid Data In 8TCLCL–150 290 ns

TAVDV Address to Valid Data In 9TCLCL–165 320 ns

TLLWL ALE to WR or RD 3TCLCL–50 3TCLCL+50 130 170 ns

TAVWL Address to WR or RD 4TCLCL–130 140 ns

TQVWX Data Valid to WR Transition TCLCL–50 15 ns

TQVWH Data set–up to WR High 7TCLCL–150 250 ns

TWHQX Data Hold After WR TCLCL–50 30 ns

TRLAZ RD Low to Address Float 00ns

TWHLH RD or WR High to ALE

high TCLCL–40 TCLCL+40 25 50 ns

External Data Memory Write Cycle

TQVWHTLLAX

ALE

PSEN

PORT 0

PORT 2

A0–A7 DATA OUT

ADDRESS

OR SFR–P2

TAVWL

TLLWL

TQVWX

ADDRESS A8–A15 OR SFR P2

TWHQX

TWHLH

TWLWH

TSC87C51

18 Rev. E – July 03, 2000

External Data Memory Read Cycle

ALE

PSEN

PORT 0

PORT 2

A0–A7 DATA IN

ADDRESS

OR SFR–P2

TAVWL

TLLWL

TRLAZ

ADDRESS A8–A15 OR SFR P2

TRHDZ

TWHLH

TRLRH

TLLDV

TRHDX

TAVDV

TLLAX

Serial Port Timing – Shift Register Mode

0 to 12MHz 25 MHz

Symbol Parameter Min Max Min Max Units

TXLXL Serial port clock cycle time 12TCLCL 480 ns

TQVHX Output data set–up to clock

rising edge 10TCLCL–133 380 ns

TXHQX Output data hold after clock

rising edge 2TCLCL–117 65 ns

TXHDX Input data hold after clock

rising edge 00ns

TXHDV Clock rising edge to input

data valid 10TCLCL–133 350 ns

Shift Register Timing Waveforms

VALIDVALIDINPUT DATA VALIDVALID

0123456 87

ALE

CLOCK

OUTPUT DATA

WRITE to SBUF

CLEAR RI

TXLXL

TQVXH TXHQX

TXHDV TXHDX SET TI

SET RI

INSTRUCTION

01234567

VALID VALID VALID VALID

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

EPROM Programming and Verification Characteristics

TA = 21°C to 27°C; VSS = 0V; VCC = 5V ± 10%.

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

VPP Programming Supply Voltage 12.5 13 V

IPP Programming Supply Current 75 mA

1/TCLCL Oscillator Frquency 4 6 MHz

TAVGL Address Setup to PROG Low 48 TCLCL

TGHAX Adress Hold after PROG 48 TCLCL

TDVGL Data Setup to PROG Low 48 TCLCL

TGHDX Data Hold after PROG 48 TCLCL

TEHSH (Enable) High to VPP 48 TCLCL

TSHGL VPP Setup to PROG Low 10 µs

TGHSL VPP Hold after PROG 10 µs

TGLGH PROG Width 90 110 µs

TAVQV Address to Valid Data 48 TCLCL

TELQV ENABLE Low to Data Valid 48 TCLCL

TEHQZ Data Float after ENABLE 048 TCLCL

TGHGL PROG High to PROG Low 10 µs

EPROM Programming and Verification Waveforms

TGHGL TGHSL

TEHSH

ALE/PROG

TAVGL 5

Pulses

TDVGL

P1.0–P1.7

P2.0–P2.3

EA/VCC

CONTROL

SIGNALS

(ENABLE)

ADDRESS

DATA IN

VCC

VPP

VCC

TGHAX

TGHDX

TGLGH

TSHGL

ADDRESS

DATA OUT

TAVQV

TELQV TEHQZ

PROGRAMMING VERIFICATION

TSC87C51

20 Rev. E – July 03, 2000

External Clock Drive Characteristics (XTAL1)

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

TCLCL Oscillator Period 40 ns

TCHCX High Time 5 ns

TCLCX Low Time 5 ns

TCLCH Rise Time 5 ns

TCHCL Fall Time 5 ns

External Clock Drive Waveforms

VCC–0.5V

0.45V

0.7VCC

0.2VCC–0.1

TCHCL TCLCX

TCLCL

TCLCH

TCHCX

AC Testing Input/Output Waveforms

INPUT/OUTPUT 0.2 VCC + 0.9

0.2 VCC – 0.1

VCC –0.5 V

0.45 V

AC inputs during testing are driven at VCC – 0.5 for a logic “1” and 0.45V for a logic “0”. Timing measurement are

made at VIH min for a logic “1” and VIL max for a logic “0”.

Float Waveforms

FLOAT

VOH – 0.1 V

VOL + 0.1 V

VLOAD VLOAD + 0.1 V

VLOAD – 0.1 V

For timing purposes as port pin is no longer floating when a 100 mV change from load voltage occurs and begins to

float when a 100 mV change from the loaded VOH/VOL level occurs. IOL/IOH ≥ ± 20mA.

TSC87C51

Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Clock Waveforms

DATA PCL OUT DATA PCL OUT DATA PCL OUT

SAMPLED SAMPLED SAMPLED

STATE4 STATE5 STATE6 STATE1 STATE2 STATE3 STATE4 STATE5

P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2

FLOAT FLOAT FLOAT

THESE SIGNALS ARE NOT ACTIVATED DURING THE

EXECUTION OF A MOVX INSTRUCTION

INDICATES ADDRESS TRANSITIONS

EXTERNAL PROGRAM MEMORY FETCH

FLOAT

DATA

SAMPLED

DPL OR Rt OUT

INDICATES DPH OR P2 SFR TO PCH TRANSITION

PCL OUT (IF PROGRAM

MEMORY IS EXTERNAL)

PCL OUT (EVEN IF PROGRAM

MEMORY IS INTERNAL)

PCL OUT (IF PROGRAM

MEMORY IS EXTERNAL)

OLD DATA NEW DATA

P0 PINS SAMPLED

P1, P2, P3 PINS SAMPLED P1, P2, P3 PINS SAMPLED

P0 PINS SAMPLED

RXD SAMPLED

INTERNAL

CLOCK

XTAL2

ALE

PSEN

P2 (EXT)

READ CYCLE

WRITE CYCLE

POR T OPERATION

MOV PORT SRC

MOV DEST P0

MOV DEST PORT (P1. P2. P3)

(INCLUDES INTO. INT1. TO T1)

SERIAL POR T SHIFT CLOCK

TXD (MODE 0)

DATA OUT

DPL OR Rt OUT

INDICATES DPH OR P2 SFR TO PCH TRANSITION

RXD SAMPLED

This diagram indicates when signals are clocked internally. The time it takes the signals to propagate to the pins,

however, ranges from 25 to 125ns. This propagation delay is dependent on variables such as temperature and pin

loading. Propagation also varies from output to output and component. Typically though (TA=25_C fully loaded) RD

and WR propagation delays are approximately 50ns. The other signals are typically 85ns. Propagation delays are

incorporated in the AC specifications.

TSC87C51

22 Rev. E – July 03, 2000

Ordering Information

TSC 87C51 –25

–25: 25 MHz version

Part Number

87C51: Programmable ROM

TEMIC Semiconductors

Microcontroller Product Line

Temperature Range

M: Military –55° to 125°C

OTP Packaging

G: CDIL 40 (.6)

I: CQPJ 44

EPROM–UV Erasable

J: Window CDIL 40

K: Window CQPJ 44

Quality Flow

Blank : Military temperature

MQ : QML.Q*

/883 : M.I–STD 883 CLASS B

/883

* The Standart Microcircuit Drawing 5962–87684 must be used as the reference for QML–Q procurement.