General Description
The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 are interfaces
between the protocol controller and the physical wires
of the bus lines in a controller area network (CAN). The
devices provide differential transmit capability and
switch to single-wire mode if certain fault conditions
occur. The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 guarantee
full wake-up capability during failure modes.
The extended fault-protected voltage range of CANH
and CANL bus lines of ±80V allows for use in 42V
automotive applications. Current-limiting and thermal-
protection circuits protect the transmitter output stage
against overcurrent faults to prevent destruction of the
transmitter output stage. The CANH and CANL lines are
also protected against electrical transients that may occur
in an automotive environment.
The transceiver provides three low-power modes that
can be entered and exited through pins STB and EN.
An output INH pin can be used for deactivation of an
external voltage regulator.
The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 are designed to pro-
vide optimal operation for a specified data rate. The
MAX3054 is ideal for high data rates of 250kbps. The
MAX3055 is used for data rates of 125kbps and the
MAX3056 is designed for 40kbps applications. For the
40kbps and 125kbps versions, a built-in slope-control
feature allows the use of unshielded cables, and receiv-
er input filters guarantee high noise immunity.
Applications
Automotive
Features
♦Pin and Functionally Compatible with TJA1054
♦±80V Fault Protection Suitable for 42V Battery
Systems
♦Low RFI/Excellent EMC Immunity
♦Full Wake-Up Capability During Failure Modes
♦Bus-Failure Management
♦Support Single-Wire Transmission Mode with
Ground Offset Voltages Up to 1.5V
♦Thermally Protected
♦Do Not Disturb the Bus Line when Unpowered
♦Low-Current Sleep and Standby Mode with Wake-
Up Through Bus Lines
♦Up to 250kbps Data Rate (MAX3054)
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
BATT
GND
CANL
CANHERR
RXD
TXD
INH
TOP VIEW
MAX3054
MAX3055
MAX3056
VCC
RTL
RTHWAKE
EN
STB
SO
Pin Configuration
Ordering Information
TXD RXD STB EN ERR INH
BATTERY
RTH CANH CANL RTL
BATT
GND
VCC
WAKE
+5V
CAN CONTROLLER
235641
81112 9
7
10
13
14
100nF
VBATT +12V
MAX305_
CAN BUS
FAULT
TO ±80V
Typical Operating Circuit
19-2687; Rev 0; 11/02
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
PART TEMP RANGE DATA RATE PIN-
PACKAGE
MAX3054ASD -40°C to +125°C 250kbps 14 SO
MAX3055ASD -40°C to +125°C Slew control
125kbps 14 SO
MAX3056ASD -40°C to +125°C Slew control
40kbps 14 SO
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 5V ±5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA= TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100Ω
(Figure 2), TA= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
(All voltages are referenced to GND)
Supply Voltage (VCC) ...............................................-0.3V to +6V
Battery Voltage (VBATT)..........................................-0.3V to +80V
TXD, RXD, ERR, STB, EN ...........................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V)
CANH, CANL ..........................................................-80V to +80V
RTH, RTL ................................................................-0.3V to +80V
RTH, RTL Current ...........................................................±180mA
WAKE .....................................................................-0.3V to +80V
INH ..........................................................-0.3V to (VBATT + 0.3V)
INH Current.......................................................................-0.5mA
Transient Voltage (ISO 7637)................................-200V, +200V*
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
14-Pin SO (derate 8.3mW/°C above +70°C)................667mW
Operating Temperature Range .........................-40°C to +125°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
*Pending completion of testing.
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VOLTAGE SUPPLIES
Dominant normal operating mode, no load,
TXD = 0 16 30
Recessive normal operating mode,
TXD = VCC 410
mA
Supply Current ICC
Low - p ow er m od es: V
T X D
= V
C C
, V
B AT T = 14V 3 10 µA
Battery Current IBATT Low-power modes at VTRL = VBATT,
VBATT = V WAKE = VINH = 5V to 27V 5 54 125 µA
Battery Power on Flag Threshold VPWRON Low-power modes 1.0 3.5 V
STB, EN, AND TXD
High-Level Input Voltage VIH 2.4 V
Low-Level Input Voltage VIL 0.8 V
STB and EN 9 20
High-Level Input Current IIH VIN = 4V TXD -200 -80 -25 µA
STB and EN 4 8
Low-Level Input Current IIL VIN = 1V TXD -800 -320 -100 µA
Supply Voltage—Forced
Standby Mode (Fail-Safe) VFS VBATT = 14V 2.75 4.50 V
RXD AND ERR
High-Level Output Voltage VOH IOUT = -1mA VCC - 0.5 VCC V
Low-Level Output Voltage VOL IOUT = 7.5mA 0 0.9 V
WAKE
Wake-Up Threshold Voltage VTH
(
WAKE
)
VSTB = 0V 2.0 2.7 3.4 V
Low-Level Input Current IIL
(
WAKE
)
V WAKE = 0V -10 -4 -1 µA
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = 5V ±5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA= TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100Ω
(Figure 2), TA= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
INH
High-Level Voltage Drop ∆VHINH = -0.18mA, standby mode 0.8 V
Leakage Current ILEAK
(
INH
)
Sleep mode, VINH = 0V 5 µA
CANH, CANL
VCC = 5V, no failures and bus failures 1, 2,
5, 9 -3.5 -3.2 -2.9
Differential Receiver Threshold VDIFF VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, no failures and bus
failures 1, 2, 5, 9 - 0.70 ✕ V
C C
- 0.58 ✕ V
C C
V
Differential Receiver Hysteresis HYST No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9 18 mV
CANH Recessive Output Voltage VOCH TXD = VCC, RTH < 4kΩ200 mV
CANL Recessive Output Voltage VOCL TXD = VCC, RTH < 4kΩVCC - 0.2 V
CANH Dominant Output Voltage VOCHDOM TXD = 0V, R1 = 100ΩVCC - 1.4 V
CANL Dominant Output Voltage VOCLDOM TXD = 0V, R1 = 100Ω1.4 V
VCANH = 0V, TXD = 0V -150 -86 mA
CANH Output Current IO
(
CANH
)
Low-power modes, VCANH = 0V, VCC = 5V -10 µA
VCANL = 14V, TXD = 0V 75 130 mA
CANL Output Current IO
(
CANL
)
Low-power modes, VCANL = 42V,
VBATT = 42V, RTL = open 20 µA
VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V 0.30 ✕ VCC 0.37 ✕ VCC
Voltage Detection Threshold for
Short Circuit to Battery on CANH VDET
(
CANH
)
Low-power modes 1.1 2.5 V
Voltage Detection Threshold for
Short Circuit to GND on CANL VDTG
(
CANL
)
Low-power modes 2.5 3.9 V
Voltage Detection Threshold for
Short Circuit to Battery on CANL VDET
(
CANL
)
Normal mode, VCC = 5V 6.4 7.3 8.2 V
CANL Wake-Up Threshold VTHL
(
WAKE
)
Low-power modes 2.5 3.2 3.9 V
CANH Wake-Up Threshold VTHH
(
WAKE
)
Low-power modes 1.1 1.8 2.5 V
VCC = 5V 1.50 1.70 1.85
CANH Single-Ended Receiver
Threshold (Failures 4, 6, 7) VSE
(
CANH
)
VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V 0.30 ✕ VCC 0.37 ✕ VCC
V
CANH Single-Ended Receiver
Hysteresis HYST 10 mV
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = 5V ±5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA= TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100Ω
(Figure 2), TA= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VCC = 5V 3.15 3.30 3.45
CANL Single-Ended Receiver
Threshold VSE
(
CANL
)
VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V 0.63 ✕ VCC 0.69 ✕ VCC
V
CANL Single-Ended Receiver
Hysteresis HYST Failures 3, 8 10 mV
RTL AND RTH
RTL to VCC Switch
On-Resistance RSW
(
RTL
)
IO = -10mA 36 100 Ω
RTH to VCC Switch
On-Resistance RSW
(
RTH
)
IO = 10mA 23 100 Ω
Output Current on Pin RTL IO
(
RTL
)
Low-power modes, VRTL = 0 -1.25 -0.65 -0.30 mA
RTL Pullup Current |IPU
(
RTL
)
| Normal and failures 4, 6, 7, RTL = 0V 20 107 200 µA
RTH Pulldown |IPU
(
RTH
)
| Normal and failures 3, 8, RTL = VCC 20 106 200 µA
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
TJFor shutdown 165
Shutdown Junction Temperature TJF6 During failure 6—switch off CANL only 140 °C
Thermal Protection Hysteresis THYS 15 °C
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 5V ±5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA= TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100Ω
(Figure 2), TA= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
TRANSITION TIME
CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 38
CL = 220pF to 3.3nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 100 700 ns
CANL and CANH Bus Output
Transition Time Recessive to
Dominant (10% to 90%)
t(r-d)
CL = 560pF to 10nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 0.7 3.3 µs
CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 130
CL = 220pF to 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 200 1200 ns
CANL and CANH Bus Output
Transition Time Dominant to
Recessive (10% to 90%)
t(d-r)
CL = 560pF to 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 0.5 2.8 µs
PROPAGATION DELAY TXD TO RXD LOW—DOMINANT TRANSMISSION (Figures 1, 2)
No failures, CL = 330pF, MAX3054
(250kbps) 600
Bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9,
CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 750
ns
No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9,
CL = 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 1.5
Differential Reception tPDLD
No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9,
CL = 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 4.7
µs
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = 5V ±5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA= TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100Ω
(Figure 2), TA= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYM B O L CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8,
CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 750 ns
Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8,
CL = 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 1. 5
Single-Ended Reception tPDLSE
Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8,
CL = 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 4.7
µs
PROPAGATION DELAY TXD TO RXD HIGH—RECESSIVE TRANSMISSION (Figures 1, 2)
No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9,
CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 950 ns
No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9,
CL = 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 1.9
Differential Reception tPDHD
No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9,
CL = 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 5.95
µs
Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8,
CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 950 ns
Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8,
CL = 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 1.9
Single-Ended Reception tPDHSE
Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8,
CL = 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 5.95
µs
WAKE-UP TIMING
Minimum Time for Wake-Up on
CANL and CANH or WAKE t WAKE 838µs
FAILURES TIMING
MAX3054 (250kbps),
MAX3055 (125kbps) 1.9 5.7 9.5
Failures 3 and 8 Detection Time Normal and
low-power mode
MAX3056 (40kbps) 5.5 16.5 27.0
MAX3054 (250kbps),
MAX3055 (125kbps) 0.3 1 1.9
Failures 4 and 7 Detection Time Normal and
low-power mode
MAX3056 (40kbps) 1.0 3.2 5.5
MAX3054 (250kbps),
MAX3055 (125kbps) 0.35 1.1 1.85
Failure 6 Detection Time
tDET
Normal mode
MAX3056 (40kbps) 0.93 2.97 5.00
ms
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = 5V ±5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA= TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = 5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100Ω
(Figure 2), TA= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYM B O L CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX3054 (250kbps),
MAX3055 (125kbps) 0.36 1.14 1.90
Failures 3 and 8 Recovery Time Normal and
low-power mode MAX3056 (40kbps) 1.0 3.2 5.5
ms
MAX3054 (250kbps) 1.7 5.6 9.5
MAX3055 (125kbps) 7 23 38
Normal mode
MAX3056 (40kbps) 22 70 119
µs
MAX3054 (250kbps),
MAX3055 (125kbps) 0.35 1.1 1.85
Failures 4 and 7 Recovery Time
Low-power mode
MAX3056 (40kbps) 1.0 3.2 5.5
ms
MAX3054 (250kbps),
MAX3055 (125kbps) 150 525 900
Failure 6 Recovery Time
tREC
Normal mode
MAX3056 (40kbps) 390 1445 2500
µs
Minimum Hold Time of
Go-to-Sleep Command tHMIN 550µs
MAX3054 (250kbps),
MAX3055 (125kbps) 0.9 4.5
Disable Time of TXD Permanent
Dominant Timer tDIS
(
TXD
)
VTXD = 0
MAX3056 (40kbps) 2.34 12.50
ms
Pulse Count Difference for
Failures 1, 2, 5, 9 Detection (ERR
Becomes Low)
4
Pulse Count Difference for
Failures 1, 2, 5, 9 Recovery (ERR
Becomes High)
Count
34 5
Note 1: All currents into the device are positive; all currents out of the device are negative. All voltages are referenced to device
ground, unless otherwise noted.
Note 2: Failure modes 1 through 9 are explained in Table 1 and in the Detailed Description section.
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
MAX305_
VBATT
R1
R1
CL
CL
7
2
1
14
RTH
CANL
CANH
RTL
TXD
INH
BATT
8
12
11
9
10 6 5
4133
+5V
CX = 15pF
PROBE CAP INCLUDED
VCC EN STB
WAKE
ERR GND RXD
CBYPASS
Figure 2. Test Circuit for Dynamic Characteristics
VTXD
VCANL
VCANH
VDIFF
VDIFF = CANH - CANL
VRXD
tPDL tPDH
VCC/2
-5V
-3.2V
2.2V
0
1.4V
3.6V
5V
GND
VCC
Figure 1. Timing Diagram for Dynamic Characteristics
MAX305_
+12V
125ΩCL
CL
7
2
1
14
8
12
11
9
10 6 5
4133
+5V
CX = 15pF
PROBE CAP INCLUDED
511Ω
125Ω
511Ω
RTH
CANL
CANH
RTL
WAKE
TXD
INH
BATT
ERR GND RXD
VCC EN STB
CBYPASS
Figure 3. Test Circuit for Typical Operating Characteristics
MAX305_
+12V
125Ω1nF
1nF
7
2
1
14
RTH
CANL
CANH
RTL
WAKE
TXD
INH
BATT
8
12
11
9
ERR GND RXD
10 6 5
4133
VCC EN STB
+5V
CX = 15pF
PROBE CAP INCLUDED
511Ω
125Ω
511Ω
GENERATOR
1nF
1nF
CBYPASS
Figure 4. Test Circuit for Automotive Transients
Timing Diagram/Test Circuits
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = 5V, VBATT = +12V, RTL = RTH = 511Ω, R1 = 125Ω, and TA= +25°C; see Figure 3.)
SLEW RATE vs. TEMPERATURE
RECESSIVE TO DOMINANT
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc01
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SLEW RATE (V/µs)
9259-7 26
5
10
15
20
0
-40 125
MAX3055
MAX3056
MAX3054
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DATA RATE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc02
DATA RATE (kbps)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
45040035030025020015010050
33
34
35
36
37
32
0 500
TA = +125°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
MAX3055
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DATA RATE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc03
DATA RATE (kbps)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
1007550250 125
TA = +125°C
TA = -40°C
33
34
35
36
37
32
TA = +25°C
MAX3056
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DATA RATE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc04
DATA RATE (kbps)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
302010
34
35
36
37
38
33
040
TA = +125°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
MAX3054 RECEIVER PROPAGATION
DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc05
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)
905520-15
250
300
350
400
450
200
-50 125
RECESSIVE
CL = 330pF
DOMINANT
MAX3055 RECEIVER PROPAGATION
DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc06
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)
905520-15
300
400
500
600
200
-50 125
RECESSIVE
DOMINANT
CL = 1nF
MAX3056 RECEIVER PROPAGATION
DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc07
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (µs)
905520-15
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
0
-50 125
RECESSIVE
DOMINANT
CL = 3.3nF
MAX3054 DRIVER PROPAGATION
DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc08
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)
905520-15
125
150
175
200
100
-50 125
RECESSIVE
DOMINANT
CL = 330pF
MAX3055 DRIVER PROPAGATION
DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc09
TEMPERATURE (°C)
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (µs)
905520-15-50 125
CL = 1nF
RECESSIVE
DOMINANT
400
500
600
700
300
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
MAX3056 DRIVER PROPAGATION
DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc10
TEMPERATURE (°C)
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (µs)
905520-15-50 125
CL = 3.3nF
RECESSIVE
DOMINANT
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
1.5
RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc11
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
VOLTAGE RXD (V)
252015105
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0
030
TA = +125°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc12
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
VOLTAGE RXD (V)
1512963
0.6
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.0
0
018
TA = +125°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE
vs. LOAD RESISTANCE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc13
LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω)
DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V)
400300200100
1
2
3
4
5
0
0 500
TA = +25°CTA = +125°C
TA = -40°C
MAX3054
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc14
200ns/div
DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT
5V/div
RXD
5V/div
MAX3055
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc15
400ns/div
DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT
5V/div
RXD
5V/div
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 5V, VBATT = +12V, RTL = RTH = 511Ω, R1 = 125Ω, and TA= +25°C; see Figure 3.)
MAX3056
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc16
1µs/div
DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT
5V/div
RXD
5V/div
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 5V, VBATT = +12V, RTL = RTH = 511Ω, R1 = 125Ω, and TA= +25°C; see Figure 3.)
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
RECESSIVE TO DOMINANT
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc17
1µs/div
TXD
5V/div
MAX3054
MAX3055
MAX3056
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
DOMINANT TO RECESSIVE
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc18
1µs/div
TXD
5V/div
MAX3056
MAX3055
MAX3054
TXD-TO-RXD PROPAGATION DELAY
RECESSIVE TO DOMINANT
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc20
1µs/div
TXD
MAX3054
MAX3055
MAX3056
MAX3056 CAN BUS AT 40kbps
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc21
4µs/div
CANH - CANL
5V/div
FFT
1V/div
MAX3054 CAN BUS AT 250kbps
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc23
400ns/div
CANH - CANL
10V/div
FFT
1V/div
MAX3055 CAN BUS AT 125kbps
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc22
2µs/div
CANH - CANL
5V/div
FFT
1V/div
Detailed Description
The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 interface between
the protocol controller and the physical wires of the bus
lines in a CAN. The devices provide differential transmit
capability and switch to single-wire mode if certain fault
conditions occur (see the Failure Management section).
The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 guarantee full wake-
up capability during failure modes.
The extended fault-protection range of CANH and
CANL bus lines (±80V) allows for use in 42V automotive
applications. A current-limiting circuit protects the
transmitter output stage against overcurrent faults. This
feature prevents destruction of the transmitter output
stage. If the junction temperature exceeds a value of
approximately +165°C, the transmitter output stages
are disabled. The CANH and CANL lines are also pro-
tected against electrical transients, which can occur in
an automotive environment.
The transceiver provides three low-power modes that
can be entered and exited through pins STB and EN.
An output INH pin can be used for deactivation of an
external voltage regulator.
The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 are designed to
provide optimal operation for a specified data rate. The
MAX3054 is ideal for high data rates of 250kbps. The
MAX3055 is used for data rates of 125kbps, and the
MAX3056 is designed for 40kbps applications. For the
40kbps and 125kbps versions, the built-in slope-control
feature allows the use of unshielded cables and receiver
input filters guarantee high noise immunity.
Normal Operation Mode
Transmitter
The transmitter converts a single-ended input (TXD)
from the CAN controller to differential outputs for the
bus lines (CANH, CANL).
Receiver
The receiver takes differential input from the bus lines
(CANH, CANL) and converts this data as a single-
ended output (RXD) to the CAN controller. It consists of
a comparator that senses the difference ∆V = (CANH -
CANL) with respect to an internal threshold.
BATT
The main function of BATT is to supply power to the
device when vehicle battery voltage is supplied.
BATT can handle up to +80V making it ideal for 42V
automotive systems allowing power-up of the device
when the ignition is turned on.
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
Pin Description
PIN NAME FUNCTION
1 INH Inhibit Output. Inhibit output is for switching an external voltage regulator if a wake-up signal occurs.
2 TXD Transmit Data Input
3 RXD Receive Data Output
4ERR Error. Wake-up and power-on indication output; active low in normal operating mode when the bus
has a failure and in low-power modes (wake-up signal or power-on standby).
5STB Standby. The digital control signal input (active low) defines, together with input signal on pin EN, the
state of the transceiver (in normal and low-power modes).
6EN
Enable. The digital control signal input defines, together with input signal on pin STB, the state of the
transceiver (in normal and low-power modes).
7WAKE Wake-Up. Local wake-up signal input; falling and rising edges are both detected.
8 RTH Termination Resistor. Termination resistor connection for CANH bus.
9 RTL Termination Resistor. Termination resistor connection for CANL bus.
10 VCC Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 0.1µF capacitor.
11 CANH High-Level Voltage Bus Line
12 CANL Low-Level Voltage Bus Line
13 GND Ground
14 BATT Battery Supply. Bypass to ground with a 0.1µF capacitor.
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
INH
Inhibit is an output that allows for the control of an exter-
nal voltage regulator. On a wake-up request or power-up
on BATT, the transceiver sets the output INH high. This
feature enables the external voltage regulator to be shut
down during sleep mode to reduce power consumption.
INH is floating while entering the sleep mode and stays
floating during the sleep mode. If INH is left floating, it is
not set to a high level again until the following events
occur:
•Power-on (VBATT switching on at cold start)
•Rising or falling edge on WAKE
•Dominant signal longer than 38µs during EN or STB
at low level
The signals on STB and EN are internally set to a low
level when VCC is below a certain threshold voltage
providing fail-safe functionality.
After power-on (VBATT switched on) the signal on INH
becomes HIGH and an internal power-on flag is set.
This flag can be read in the power-on standby mode
through ERR (STB = 1, EN = 0) and is reset by entering
the normal operating mode.
EERRRR
ERR is a wake-up and power-on indicator, as well as an
error detector. Upon power-up, wake-up, or when a
bus failure is detected, the output signal on ERR
becomes LOW. Upon error recovery, the output signal
on ERR is set HIGH.
SSTTBB
STB is the standby digital control signal into the logic
controller. This is an active-low input that is used with
EN to define the status of the transceiver in normal and
low-power modes.
EN
EN is the enable digital control signal into the logic con-
troller used in conjunction with STB to define the status
of the transceiver in normal and low-power modes.
WWAAKKEE
WAKE is an input to the logic controller within the
device to signal a wake-up condition. If WAKE receives
a positive or negative pulse for a period longer than
tWAKE, wake-up occurs.
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
FILTER
FILTER
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
DRIVER
FAULT DETECTION
WAKE-UP
STANDBY
CONTROLLER
4ms
RECEIVER
IPD
GND
MAX305_
INH
WAKE
STB
EN
TXD
ERR
RXD
1
7
5
6
2
4
3
BATT
10
9
11
12
8
VCC
RTL
CANH
CANL
RTH
Figure 5. Block Diagram
Driver Output Protection
Thermal Shutdown
If the junction temperature exceeds +165°C, the driver is
switched off. Thermal hysteresis is 15°C, disabling ther-
mal shutdown once the temperature reaches +150°C.
Overcurrent Protection
A current-limiting circuit protects the transmitter output
stage against a short circuit to a positive and negative
battery voltage. Although the power dissipation increases
during this fault condition, this feature prevents destruc-
tion of the transmitter output stage.
Failure Management
The failure detector is fully active in normal operating
mode. After the detection of a single failure, the detec-
tor switches to the appropriate state (see Table 1).
The differential receiver threshold voltage is set to -3.2V
typically (VCC = 5V). This ensures correct reception
with a noise margin as high as possible in the normal
operating mode and in the event of failures 1, 2, 5, and 9.
If any of the wiring failures occur, the output signal on
pin ERR becomes LOW after detection. On error recov-
ery, the output signal on pin ERR becomes HIGH.
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
FAILURE DESCRIPTION MODE
1 CANH wire interrupted Normal
2 CANL wire interrupted Normal
3 CANH short circuited to battery All
4 CANL short circuited to ground All
5 CANH short circuited to ground Normal
6 CANL short circuited to battery Normal
7 CANL mutually short circuited to CANH All
8 CANH short circuited to VCC All
9 CANL short circuited to VCC Normal
Table 1. Failure States
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection
The external termination resistance connected to the RTH pin provides an instantaneous pulldown of the open
CANH line to GND. Detection is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANH and CANL (pulse
count = 4).
Receiver The receiver remains in differential mode. No received data lost.
Driver Driver remains in differential mode. No transmission data lost.
Recovery Recovery is provided sensing the pulse-count difference between CANH and CANL after the detection of four
consecutive pulses.
Failure 1—CANH Wire Interrupted (Normal Mode Only)
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection The external termination resistance connected to the RTL pin provides an instantaneous pullup of the CANL line to
VCC. Detection is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANL and CANH (pulse count = 4).
Receiver The receiver remains in differential mode. No received data lost.
Driver Driver remains in differential mode. No transmission data lost.
Recovery Recovery is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANL and CANH after the detection of four
consecutive pulses.
Failure 2—CANL Wire Interrupted (Normal Mode Only)
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection Sensing a permanent dominant condition on CANH for a timeout period.
Receiver Receiver switches to single ended on CANL.
Driver CANH and RTH are both switched off (high impedance) and transmission continues on CANL after timeout.
Recovery When the short is removed, the recessive bus voltage is restored. If the differential voltage remains below the
recessive threshold level for the timeout period, reception and transmission switch back to the differential mode.
Table 1. Failure States (continued)
Failure 3—CANH Short Circuited to Battery
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection Sensing a permanent dominant condition for a timeout period.
Receiver Receiver switches to single ended on CANH.
Driver CANL and RTL are both switched off (high impedance) and transmission continues on CANH after timeout.
Recovery When the short is removed, the recessive bus voltage is restored. If the differential voltage remains below the
recessive threshold level for the timeout period, reception and transmission switch back to the differential mode.
Failure 4—CANL Short Circuited to GND
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection Detection is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANH and CANL (pulse count = 4).
Receiver Receiver remains in differential mode. No received data lost.
Driver RTH remains on and CANH remains enabled.
Recovery Recovery is provided, sensing the edge-count difference between CANH and CANL after the detection of four
consecutive pulses.
Failure 5—CANH Short Circuited to Ground or Below Ground (Normal Mode Only)
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection Detected by a comparator for CANL > 7.3V after a timeout period.
Receiver Receiver switches to single ended on CANH after timeout.
Driver RTL is switched off after timeout. CANH remains active.
Recovery Sensing CANL < 7.3V after the timeout period.
Failure 6—CANL Short Circuited to Battery (Normal Mode Only)
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection Sensing a permanent dominant condition on the differential comparator (CANH - CANL > -3.2V) for the timeout
period.
Receiver Receiver switches to CANH single-ended mode after timeout.
Driver CANL and RTL are both switched off after timeout. Transmission remains ongoing on CANH.
Recovery
When the short is removed, the recessive bus voltage is restored (RTL on if CANH - CANL < -3.2V) but CANL still
remains disabled and ERR = 0. If the differential voltage remains below the recessive threshold level (CANH -
CANL < -3.2V) for the timeout period, reception and transmission switch back to the differential mode.
Failure 7—CANL Mutually Short Circuited to CANH
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
Table 1. Failure States (continued)
Failure 8—CANH Short Circuited to Vcc
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection Sensing a permanent dominant condition on CANH for a timeout period.
Receiver Receiver switches to single ended on CANL.
Driver CANH and RTH are both switched off (high impedance) and transmission continues on CANL after timeout.
Recovery When the short is removed, the recessive bus voltage is restored. If the differential voltage remains below the
recessive threshold level for the timeout period, reception and transmission switch back to the differential mode.
MODE DESCRIPTION
Detection Detection is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANL and CANH (pulse count = 4).
Receiver Receiver remains in differential mode. No received data lost.
Driver Driver remains in differential mode. No transmission data lost.
Recovery Recovery is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANL and CANH after the detection of four
consecutive pulses.
Failure 9—CANL Short Circuited to Vcc (Normal Mode Only)
DRIVER OUTPUTS STATE
FAILURE NO. DESCRIPTION MODE INTERNAL SWITCHES STATE CANH CANL
No failure —Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled
No failure —Low power RTH, I_RTL on Disabled Disabled
1 CANH wire interrupted Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled
2 CANL wire interrupted Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled
3 CANH short to BATT All RTH off Disabled Enabled
4 CANL short to GND All RTL or I_RTL off Enabled Disabled
5 CANH short to GND Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled
6 CANL short to BATT Normal RTL off, RTH on Enabled Enabled
7 CANL short to CANH All RTL or I_RTL off Enabled Disabled
8 CANH short to VCC All RTH off Disabled Enabled
9 CANL short to VCC Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled
Table 2. Summary of the Driver Outputs and Internal Switches State During Fault
Conditions
Note: The RTH-pulldown current switch and the RTL-pullup current switch are closed in normal mode with or without fault conditions,
open in sleep mode.
Low-Power Modes
The transceiver provides three low-power modes that can
be entered or exited through pins STB and EN (Table 3).
Sleep Mode
The sleep mode is the mode with the lowest power con-
sumption. INH is switched to high impedance for deacti-
vation of the external voltage regulator. CANL is biased
to the battery voltage through RTL. If the supply voltage
is provided, RXD and ERR signal the wake-up interrupt.
Standby Mode
The standby mode reacts the same as the sleep mode,
but with a HIGH level on INH. Standby mode can be
used when the external voltage regulator needs to be
kept active during low-power operation.
Power-On Standby Mode
The power-on standby mode behaves similarly to the
standby mode with the battery power-on flag of the
wake-up interrupt signal on ERR. This mode is only for
reading the power-on flag. INH can be high or low in
the power-on standby mode. When the device goes
from standby mode to power-on standby mode, INH is
HIGH. When the device goes from sleep mode to
power-on standby mode, INH is low.
Wake-Up
Wake-up requests are recognized by the transceiver
when a dominant signal is detected on either bus line
or if WAKE detects a pulse for more than 38µs. On a
wake-up request, INH is set high to activate an external
voltage regulator.
If VCC is provided, the wake-up request can be read on
the ERR or RXD outputs.
To prevent false wake-up due to transients or RF fields,
the wake-up voltage levels have to be maintained for more
than 38µs. In the low-power modes, the failure detection
circuit remains partly active to prevent increased power
consumption in the event of failures 3, 4, 7, and 8.
Applications Information
The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 are capable of sus-
taining a network of up to 32 transceivers on a single
bus. The fault-tolerant transceivers are designed to
operate at a total termination resistance of 100Ω. Both
CANH and CANL lines are terminated with 100Ω. Since
the total termination resistance of the system is distrib-
uted over the entire bus, each of the transceivers con-
tributes only part of the total 100Ωtermination. The
values of the termination resistors RTL and RTH vary
according to the size of the system and need to be cal-
culated. It is not required that each transceiver be ter-
minated with the same value, the total termination need
only be a total 100Ω.
The minimum termination resistor value allowed for
each transceiver is 500Ω, due to the driving capability
of RTH and RTL. This makes it impossible to achieve a
total termination resistance of 100Ωfor systems smaller
than five transceivers. Typically this does not create a
problem because smaller systems usually have shorter
bus cables and have no problem with higher total ter-
mination resistance.
To reduce EMI in the case of an interrupted bus wire it
is recommended not to exceed 6kΩtermination resis-
tance at a single transceiver even though a higher
value is specified.
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
16 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Note 1: In case the go-to-sleep command was used before.
Note 2: If the supply voltage VCC is present.
Note 3: Wake-up interrupts are released when entering the normal operating mode.
ERR RXD
MODE STB EN LOW HIGH LOW HIGH
RTL
SWITCHED TO
Go-to-Sleep
Command 01
Sleep 0 0 (Note 1)
Standby 0 0
Wake-up
interrupt signal
(Notes 2 and 3)
—
Wake-up
interrupt signal
(Notes 2 and 3)
—VBATT
Power-On
Standby 10
VBATT power-on
flag —
Wake-up
interrupt signal
(Notes 2 and 3)
—VBATT
Normal
Operating 1 1 Error flag No error flag Dominant
received data
Recessive
received data VCC
Table 3. Low-Power Modes
Reduced EMI and Reflections
Due to internal slope control for the MAX3055/
MAX3056, the CANH and CANL outputs are slew-rate
limited. This minimizes EMI and reduces reflections
caused by improperly terminated cables. In general, a
transmitter’s rise time relates directly to the length of an
unterminated stub, which can be driven with only minor
waveform reflections. The following equation expresses
this relationship conservatively:
Length = tRISE / (15ns/ft)
where tRISE is the transmitter’s rise time.
The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 require no special
layout considerations beyond common practices.
Bypass VCC to GND with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor
mounted close to the IC with short lead lengths and
wide trace widths.
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1300
PROCESS: BiCMOS
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
______________________________________________________________________________________ 17______________________________________________________________________________________ 17
MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056
±80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN
Transceivers for In-Car Applications
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
18 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 2002 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
14L SOIC.EPS