19-2596; Rev 0; 10/02 High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Features +23.5dBm Input IIP3 The MAX9993 integrates baluns in the RF and LO ports, a dual-input LO selectable switch, an LO buffer, a double-balanced mixer, and a differential IF output amplifier. The MAX9993 requires a typical LO drive of +3dBm, and supply current is guaranteed to below 230mA. The MAX9993 is available in a compact 20-pin thin QFN package (5mm 5mm) with an exposed pad. Electrical performance is guaranteed over the extended -40C to +85C temperature range. The MAX9993 EV kit is available; contact the factory for more information. 40MHz to 350MHz IF Frequency Range 1700MHz to 2200MHz RF Frequency Range 1400MHz to 2000MHz LO Frequency Range 8.5dB Conversion Gain 9.5dB Noise Figure Integrated LO Buffer Switch-Selectable (SPDT), Two LO Inputs Low 0 to +6dBm LO Drive 40dB LO1-to-LO2 Isolation Applications Ordering Information UMTS and 3G Base Stations PART DCS1800 and EDGE Base Stations MAX9993ETP-T PCS1900 Base Stations TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE -40C to 85C 20 Thin QFN-EP* *EP = Exposed pad. Point-to-Point Microwave Systems Wireless Local Loop Private Mobile Radio Military Systems Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram 16 LEXT 17 GND 18 IF- 19 IF+ 20 IFBIAS TOP VIEW VCC 1 15 LO2 RF 2 14 GND TAP 3 GND 4 12 GND GND 5 11 LO1 13 GND GND 10 LOSEL 9 VCC 8 LOBIAS 7 VCC 6 MAX9993 THIN QFN ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX9993 General Description The MAX9993 high-linearity down-conversion mixer provides 8.5dB of gain, +23.5dBm IIP3, and 9.5dB NF for UMTS, DCS, and PCS base-station applications. MAX9993 High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC ..........................................................................-0.3V to 5.5V RF (RF is DC shorted to GND through balun).....................50mA LO1, LO2 to GND ...............................................................0.3V TAP, IF+, IF- to GND ..................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) LOSEL to GND ................................-0.3V to (VCC (pin 8) + 0.3V) LOBIAS, IFBIAS, LEXT to GND ..................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) RF and LO Input Power ..................................................+22dBm Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 20-Lead Thin QFN (derate 30.3mW/C above TA = +70C) ....................2200mW JA ....................................................................................33C/W Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Typical Operating Circuit as shown, no input RF or LO signals applied. VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical values are at VCC = 5.0V and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL Supply Voltage VCC Supply Current ICC LOSEL Input High Voltage VIH LOSEL Input Low Voltage VIL LOSEL Input Current CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 4.75 5.00 5.25 V Total supply current 202 230 VCC (pin 8) 87 105 IF+/IF- (total of both) 103 133 2.0 IIL and IIH mA V -5 0.8 V +5 A AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Typical Operating Circuit, 4.75V < VCC < 5.75V, -40C < TA < +85, RF and LO ports are driven from 50 sources, 0dBm < PLO < +6dBm, PRF = -5dBm, 1700MHz < fRF < 2200MHz, 1400MHz < fLO < 2000MHz, fIF = 200MHz. Typical values are for TA = +25C VCC = 5.0V, PLO = +3dBm, fRF = 1900MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, 200MHz IF.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL RF Frequency fRF LO Frequency fLO IF Frequency fIF Conversion Gain GC Gain Variation Over Temperature CONDITIONS (Note 6) (Note 3) TA = -40C to +85C Gain Variation from Nominal (3) Input Compression Point Input Third-Order Intercept Point (Note 3) 2 P1dB Two RF tones: -5dBm each at 1950MHz and 1951MHz, LO: +3dBm at 1750MHz MAX UNITS 1700 MIN TYP 2200 MHz 1400 2000 MHz 50 350 MHz 8.5 dB 0.0012 dB/C 0.45 dB 12.6 dBm 24 dBm IIP3 Two RF tones: -5dBm each at 2200MHz and 2201MHz, LO: +3dBm at 2000MHz 23 _______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch (Typical Operating Circuit, 4.75V < VCC < 5.75V, -40C < TA < +85, RF and LO ports are driven from 50 sources, 0dBm < PLO < +6dBm, PRF = -5dBm, 1700MHz < fRF < 2200MHz, 1400MHz < fLO < 2000MHz, fIF = 200MHz. Typical values are for TA = +25C VCC = 5.0V, PLO = +3dBm, fRF = 1900MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, 200MHz IF.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL IIP3 Variation Over Temperature CONDITIONS MIN TA = -40C to +85C Noise Figure NF Required LO Drive PLO 22 Spurious Response at IF 33 fRF = 1950MHz, fLO = 1750MHz, measured single-side band 0 2 RF - 2 LO PRF = -5dBm fRF = 1950MHz fLO = 1750MHz fSPUR = 1850MHz 3 RF - 3 LO PRF = -5dBm fRF = 1950MHz fLO = 1750MHz fSPUR = 1816.66MHz TYP MAX UNITS 0.5 dB 9.5 dB 3 PLO = +3dBm 65 PLO = +6dBm 70 6 dBm dBc PLO = +3dBm 67 PLO = +6dBm 68 Maximum LO-to-RF Leakage PLO = 0dBm to +6dBm, fLO = 1400MHz to 2000MHz -19 dBm Maximum LO-to-IF Leakage PLO = 0dBm to +6dBm, fLO = 1400MHz to 2000MHz -21 dBm Minimum RF-to-IF Isolation fRF = 1700MHz to 2200MHz 37 dB Conversion Loss, LO to IF PLO = +0dBm, inject -20dBm at 200MHz into LO port, measure 200MHz at IF 28 dB LO Switching Time 50% of LOSEL to IF settled to within 2 degrees <50 ns LO1-to-LO2 Isolation (Note 4) 40 dB 19 dB RF Return Loss LO Return Loss IF Return Loss Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: LO port selected 15 LO port unselected 14 RF terminated, PLO = +3dBm (Note 5) 15 dB dB Guaranteed by design and characterization. All limits reflect losses of external components. Output measurements taken at IFOUT of the Typical Application Circuit. Production tested. Measured at IF port at IF frequency. fLO1 and fLO2 are offset by 1MHz, PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm. IF return loss can be optimized by external matching components. Operation outside this range is possible, but with degraded performance of some specifications. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX9993 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25C. For high-side LO injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.) 8 TA = +85C TA = -40C TA = +25C 8 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 6 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION 2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION 2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION TA = -40C TA = +85C 75 70 6 85 PRF = -5dBm 80 2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) 8 TA = +25C 80 2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) 9 TA = +85C PRF = -5dBm MAX9993-05 MAX9993-04 85 TA = +25C 65 60 55 PLO = +6dBm MAX9993-06 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 50 75 70 65 60 PLO = +3dBm 55 PLO = 0dBm 50 TA = -40C 45 45 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION 2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION 65 60 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V 55 MAX9993-08 TA = +85C 25 70 65 60 55 TA = +25C 24 TA = -40C 23 TA = +25C TA = +85C 45 45 26 75 50 50 TA = -40C INPUT IP3 (dBm) VCC = 5.25V 70 PRF = -5dBm 80 2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc) 80 85 MAX9993-07 PRF = -5dBm MAX9993-09 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 85 4 8 7 6 10 75 PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm 9 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 11 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 9 7 6 7 10 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 9 7 11 10 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 10 CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION MAX9993-02 11 MAX9993-01 11 CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION MAX9993-03 CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION 2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) MAX9993 High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch 22 21 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch PLO = +6dBm VCC = 5.25V PLO = +3dBm PLO = 0dBm 23 22 24 23 VCC = 5.0V VCC = 4.75V 22 21 24 TA = +85C 21 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) INPUT P1dB vs. RF REQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION 13 PLO = 0dBm 12 14 INPUT P1dB (dBm) PLO = +3dBm, +6dBm VCC = 5.25C VCC = 5.0V 13 12 VCC = 4.75V TA = -40C 11 11 11 10 10 10 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION 12 TA = -40C 10 TA = -40C PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm fLO = 1MHz 42 41 40 39 TA = +25C 38 37 44 TA = +85C 43 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 13 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) TA = +25C 43 MAX9993 toc17 MAX9993 toc16 TA = +85C 44 PLO1 = PLO2 fLO = 1MHz 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 36 35 35 34 PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm MAX9993 toc18 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 15 INPUT P1dB (dBm) MAX9993 toc15 14 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 15 MAX9993 toc14 15 MAX9993 toc13 TA = +85C TA = +25C 12 11 TA = -40C 22 21 13 14 TA = +25C 23 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 15 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 25 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 24 14 26 25 INPUT IP3 (dBm) INPUT IP3 (dBm) 25 INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION MAX9993-11 26 MAX9993-10 26 INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION MAX9993-12 INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION PLO = +6dBm 34 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX9993 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25C. For high-side LO injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25C. For high-side LO injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.) 40 39 VCC = 4.75, 5.00, 5.25V 37 MAX9993 toc20 TA = +25C 39 38 37 36 36 35 35 34 TA = +25C TA = +85C -40 -45 TA = -40C TA = +85C -50 34 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY -30 MAX9993 toc22 -30 PLO = +6dBm VCC = 5.25V -35 -15 IF PORT TERMINATED IN 50 -20 PLO = 0dBm -40 -45 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) -35 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) LO LEAKAGE (dBm) 40 -35 TA = -40C -40 VCC = 5.0V -45 PLO = 0dBm -25 PLO = +3dBm -30 -35 VCC = 4.75V PLO = +3dBm -50 -50 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY 45.0 TA = +25C PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm 55.0 50.0 47.5 45.0 42.5 52.5 50.0 47.5 45.0 42.5 40.0 40.0 40.0 37.5 37.5 37.5 35.0 35.0 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 6 52.5 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 47.5 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) TA = -40C 55.0 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY 57.5 MAX9993 toc26 MAX9993 toc25 TA = +85C 52.5 50.0 57.5 MAX9993 toc27 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY 42.5 PLO = +6dBm -40 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 57.5 55.0 MAX9993 toc24 38 42 41 -30 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) 41 PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm fLO = 1MHz 43 MAX9993 toc23 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 42 44 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm fLO = 1MHz 43 MAX9993 toc19 44 LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION MAX9993 toc21 LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) MAX9993 High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch VCC = +4.75V, +5.0V, +5.25V 35.0 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220 1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220 1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch 10 9 TA = +25C 8 TA = -40C 7 VCC = 5.0V 8 MAX9993 toc30 MAX9993 toc29 9 PLO = +6dBm 10 9 PLO = +3dBm 8 PLO = 0dBm 7 6 6 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY TA = +25C 8 15 PLO = 0dBm 20 PLO = +3dBm 25 35 6 MAX9993 toc33 5 30 TA = -40C 7 10 IF RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 LOW-SIDE INJECTION LO FOR 200MHz IF 5 IF RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY 0 MAX9993 toc32 MAX9993 toc31 TA = +85C 9 0 RF RETURN LOSS (dB) MAX9993 EV KIT (TUNED FOR 70MHz - 100MHz IF) SET BY EXTERNAL MATCHING COMPONENTS 10 VCC = 4.75V 15 VCC = 5.0V 20 VCC = 5.25V PLO = +6dBm 40 25 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) IF FREQUENCY (MHz) LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9993 toc34 0 LO INPUT SELECTED LO RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 LO INPUT UNSELECTED PLO = +3dBm PLO = +6dBm 15 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 5 10 PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm 15 VCC = 5.25V 200 195 VCC = 5.0V 190 VCC = 4.75V 185 PLO = 0dBm 20 205 20 MAX9993 toc36 LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY 0 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) NOISE FIGURE (dB) VCC = 4.75V 11 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 12 LO RETURN LOSS (dB) VCC = 5.25V 10 NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION 10 12 7 6 11 NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION MAX9993 toc35 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) TA = +85C 11 12 MAX9993 toc28 12 NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION NOISE FIGURE (dB) NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION 180 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX9993 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25C. For high-side LO injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.) High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993 Pin Description PIN NAME 1, 6, 8 VCC FUNCTION 2 RF 3 TAP Center Tap of the Internal RF Balun. Bypass with capacitors close to the IC, as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. 4, 5, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, EP GND Ground. Connect to supply ground. Provide multiple vias in the PC board to create a lowinductance connection between the exposed paddle (EP) and the PC board ground. 7 LOBIAS Power Supply Connections. See the Typical Application Circuit. Single-Ended 50 RF Input. This port is internally matched and DC shorted to GND through a balun. Provide a DC-blocking capacitor if required. LO Output Bias Resistor for LO Buffer. Connect a 383 (1%) from LOBIAS to GND. 9 LOSEL LO Select. Logic control input for selecting LO1 or LO2. 11 LO1 Local Oscillator Input. LO1 selected when LOSEL is low. 15 LO2 Local Oscillator Input. LO2 selected when LOSEL is high. 16 LEXT External Inductor Connection. Connect a low-ESR 10nH inductor from LEXT to GND. This inductor carries approximately 100mA DC current. 18 IF- Noninverting IF Output. Requires external bias to VCC through an RF choke (see the Typical Application Circuit). 19 IF+ Inverting IF Output. Requires external bias to VCC through an RF choke (see the Typical Application Circuit). 20 IFBIAS IF Bias Resistor Connection for IF Amplifier. Connect a 523 (1%) from IFBIAS to GND. Detailed Description The MAX9993 high-linearity down-conversion mixer provides 8.5dB of gain and +23.5dBm IIP3, with a 9.5dB noise figure (typ). Integrated baluns and matching circuitry allow 50 single-ended interfaces to the RF and LO ports. A single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) LO switch provides 50ns switching time between LO inputs, with typically 40dB LO-to-LO isolation. Furthermore, the integrated LO buffer provides a high drive level to the mixer core, reducing the LO drive required at the MAX9993's inputs to 0dBm to +6dBm range. The IF port incorporates a differential output, which is ideal for providing enhanced IIP2 performance. Specifications are guaranteed over broad frequency ranges to allow for use in UMTS and 2G/2.5G/3G DCS1800 and PCS1900 base stations. The MAX9993 is specified to operate over an RF input range of 1700MHz to 2200MHz, an LO range of 1400MHz to 2000MHz, and an IF range of 40MHz to 350MHz. This device can operate in high-side LO injection applications with an extended LO range, but performance degrades gently as fLO continues to increase. See the Typical Operating Characteristics for measurements taken with fLO up to 2400MHz. This device is available in a compact 5mm 5mm 20-pin thin QFN package with an exposed pad. 8 RF Input and Balun The MAX9993 has one input (RF) that is internally matched to 50, requiring no external matching components. A DC-blocking capacitor is required, because the input is internally DC shorted to ground through the on-chip balun. Input return loss is better than 15dB over the entire RF frequency range of 1700MHz to 2200MHz. LO Input, Switch, Buffer, and Balun The mixer can be used for either high-side or low-side injection applications with an LO frequency range of 1400MHz to 2000MHz. An internal LO SPDT switch selects one of two single-ended LO ports. This allows the external oscillator to settle on a particular frequency before it is switched in. LO switching time is guaranteed to be less than 50ns. This switch is controlled by a digital input (LOSEL): logic low selects LO1, logic high selects LO2. LO1 and LO2 inputs are internally matched to 50, requiring only a 22pF DC-blocking capacitor. A two-stage internal LO buffer allows a wide input power range for the LO drive. All guaranteed specifications are for an LO signal power from 0dBm to +6dBm. A low-loss balun along with an LO buffer drives the double-balanced mixer. All interfacing and matching from the LO inputs to the IF outputs are integrated on-chip. _______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993 Table 1. Component List COMPONENT VALUE SIZE C1 4pF 0603 Microwave capacitor DESCRIPTION C2, C6, C7, C9, C10 22pF 0603 Microwave capacitors C3, C5, C8 0.01F 0603 Capacitors C4 10pF 0603 Microwave capacitor C11, C12, C13 150pF 0603 Microwave capacitors L1, L2 470nH 1008 Wire-wound high-Q inductors L3 10nH 0805 Wire-wound high-Q inductor R1 523 0603 1% resistor 1% resistor R2 383 0603 R3, R4 7.2 1206 1% resistors R5 200 0603 5% resistor T1 4:1 (200:50) -- IF balun High-Linearity Mixer Bias Resistors The core of the MAX9993 is a double-balanced, highperformance passive mixer. Exceptional linearity is provided by the large LO swing from the on-chip LO buffer; IIP3 is typically +23.5dBm, IIP2 is typically +60dBm, and total cascaded NF is 9.5dB. Bias currents for the LO buffer and the IF amplifier were optimized by fine-tuning the resistors at LOBIAS and IFBIAS during characterization at the factory. These currents should not be adjusted. If the 383 (1%) and/or 523 (1%) resistor values are not readily available, substitute standard 5% values: 390 and 520, respectively. Differential IF Output Amplifier The MAX9993 mixer has an IF frequency range of 40MHz to 350MHz. The differential, open-collector IF output ports require external pullup inductors to VCC. Single-ended IF applications require a 4:1 balun to transform the 200 differential output impedance to a 50 single-ended output. After the balun, VSWR is typically 1.5:1. Applications Information Input and Output Matching The RF and LO inputs are internally matched to 50. No matching components are required. Return loss at the RF port is better than 15dB over the entire input range, 1700MHz to 2200MHz, and return loss at LO1 and LO2 is better than 10dB from 1400MHz to 2000MHz. RF and LO inputs require only DC-blocking capacitors for interfacing. These DC-blocking capacitors can be part of the matching circuit. The IF output impedance is 200 differential out of the IC. An external low-loss 4:1 balun brings this impedance down to a 50 single-ended output (see the Typical Application Circuit). Layout Considerations A properly designed PC board is an essential part of any RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as short as possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance. For best performance, route the ground pin traces directly to the exposed pad underneath the package. This pad should be connected to the ground plane of the board by using multiple vias under the device to provide the best RF/thermal conduction path. Solder the exposed pad on the bottom of the device package to a PC board exposed pad. Power Supply Bypassing Proper voltage supply bypassing is essential for highfrequency circuit stability. Bypass each VCC pin and TAP with the capacitors shown in the typical application circuit. Place the TAP bypass capacitor to ground within 100 mils of the TAP pin. Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 989 PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993 Typical Application Circuit C12 5.0V L1 R4 3 C11 T1 6 IF OUT 2 4:1 (200:50) TRANSFORMER 1 4 L2 C13 VCC C1 RF RFIN TAP C4 C5 GND GND LEXT 16 GND IF+ IF- C10 15 2 14 13 3 MAX9993 4 12 5 11 L02 GND GND GND LO1 L01 10 GND 9 8 7 VCC C6 R3 LOSEL VCC R2 LO2 C9 5.0V 6 5.0V L3 1 LOBIAS R5 17 C2 18 C3 20 5.0V 19 IFBIAS R1 LO SELECT C8 10 C7 ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch b CL 0.10 M C A B D2/2 D/2 PIN # 1 I.D. QFN THIN.EPS D2 0.15 C A D k 0.15 C B PIN # 1 I.D. 0.35x45 E/2 E2/2 CL (NE-1) X e E E2 k L DETAIL A e (ND-1) X e CL CL L L e e 0.10 C A C 0.08 C A1 A3 PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE: PACKAGE OUTLINE 16, 20, 28, 32L, QFN THIN, 5x5x0.8 mm APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. REV. 21-0140 C 1 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX9993 Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) MAX9993 High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) COMMON DIMENSIONS EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994. 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES. 3. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS. 4. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO JESD 95-1 SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE. 5. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 mm AND 0.30 mm FROM TERMINAL TIP. 6. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY. 7. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION. 8. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION 9. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220. TITLE: PACKAGE OUTLINE 16, 20, 28, 32L, QFN THIN, 5x5x0.8 mm 10. WARPAGE SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.10 mm. APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. REV. 21-0140 C 2 2 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2002 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.