ACS754xCB-100 Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor with High Voltage Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor Features and Benefits Description Monolithic Hall IC for high reliability Single +5 V supply 3 kVRMS isolation voltage between terminals 4/5 and pins 1/2/3 for up to 1 minute 35 kHz bandwidth Automotive temperature range End-of-line factory-trimmed for gain and offset Ultra-low power loss: 100 internal conductor resistance Ratiometric output from supply voltage Extremely stable output offset voltage Small package size, with easy mounting capability Output proportional to AC and DC currents The Allegro ACS75x family of current sensors provides economical and precise solutions for current sensing in industrial, automotive, commercial, and communications systems. The device package allows for easy implementation by the customer. Typical applications include motor control, load detection and management, power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection. The device consists of a precision, low-offset linear Hall sensor circuit with a copper conduction path located near the die. Applied current flowing through this copper conduction path generates a magnetic field which is sensed by the integrated Hall IC and converted into a proportional voltage. Device accuracy is optimized through the close proximity of the magnetic signal to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage is provided by the low-offset, chopper-stabilized BiCMOS Hall IC, which is programmed for accuracy at the factory. Package: 5 pin module (leadform PFF) The output of the device has a positive slope (>VCC / 2) when an increasing current flows through the primary copper conduction path (from terminal 4 to terminal 5), which is the path used for current sensing. The internal resistance of this conductive path is typically 100 , providing low power loss. The thickness of the copper conductor allows survival of the device at up to Continued on the next page... Typical Application +5 V 4 VCC IP+ ACS754 IP GND 5 1 CBYP 0.1 F 2 CF IP- VIOUT 3 RF VOUT Application 1. The ACS754 outputs an analog signal, VOUT . that varies linearly with the uni- or bi-directional AC or DC primary sensed current, IP , within the range specified. CF is recommended for noise management, with values that depend on the application. ACS754100-DS Rev. 4 Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor with High Voltage Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor ACS754xCB-100 Description (continued) 5x overcurrent conditions. The terminals of the conductive path are electrically isolated from the sensor leads (pins 1 through 3). This allows the ACS75x family of sensors to be used in applications requiring electrical isolation without the use of opto-isolators or other costly isolation techniques. The device is fully calibrated prior to shipment from the factory. The ACS75x family is lead (Pb) free. All pins are coated with 100% matte tin, and there is no lead inside the package. The heavy gauge leadframe is made of oxygen-free copper. Selection Guide TOP (C) Primary Sensed Current, IP (A) Sensitivity Sens (Typ.) (mV/A) Terminals Signal Pins ACS754LCB-100-PFF -40 to 150 100 20 Formed Formed ACS754LCB-100-PSF2 -40 to 150 100 20 Straight Formed ACS754SCB-100-PFF2 -20 to 85 100 20 Formed Formed Part Number Package Packing1 Bulk, 170 pieces/bag 1Contact Allegro for additional packing options. is in production but has been determined to be NOT FOR NEW DESIGN. This classification indicates that sale of the variant is currently restricted to existing customer applications. The variant should not be purchased for new design applications because obsolescence in the near future is probable. Samples are no longer available. Status change: April 28, 2008. 2Variant Absolute Maximum Ratings Characteristic Symbol Notes Rating Units Supply Voltage VCC 16 V Reverse Supply Voltage VRCC -16 V Output Voltage VIOUT 16 V Reverse Output Voltage VRIOUT -0.1 V VISO 353 VAC, 500 VDC, or Vpk V IIN 200 A IOUT(Source) 3 mA Maximum Basic Isolation Voltage Maximum Rated Input Current Output Current Source Output Current Sink Nominal Operating Ambient Temperature Maximum Junction Storage Temperature 10 mA Range L -40 to 150 C Range S IOUT(Sink) TA -20 to 85 C TJ(max) 165 C Tstg -65 to 170 C TUV America Certificate Number: U8V 04 11 54214 001 Fire and Electric Shock EN60950-1:2001 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 2 Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor with High Voltage Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor ACS754xCB-100 Functional Block Diagram +5 V VCC IP+ Voltage Regulator Filter Dynamic Offset Cancellation To all subcircuits Amp Gain Out Temperature Coefficient VIOUT 0.1 F Offset Trim Control GND IP- Pin-out Diagram IP+ IP- 4 3 VIOUT 2 GND 1 VCC 5 Terminal List Table Number Name 1 VCC Device power supply pin Description 2 GND Signal ground pin 3 VIOUT 4 IP+ Terminal for current being sensed 5 IP- Terminal for current being sensed Analog output signal pin Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 3 ACS754xCB-100 Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor with High Voltage Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS, over operating ambient temperature range unless otherwise stated Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. -100 Primary Sensed Current IP Supply Voltage VCC 4.5 VCC = 5.0 V, output open 6.5 Supply Current ICC Output Resistance ROUT IOUT = 1.2 mA - VOUT to GND - Output Capacitance Load CLOAD Output Resistive Load RLOAD VOUT to GND 4.7 IP = 100A; TA = 25C - Primary Conductor Resistance RPRIMARY Isolation Voltage VISO Pins 1-3 and 4-5; 60 Hz, 1 minute 3.0 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -20C to +85C, VCC = 5 V unless otherwise specified IP = 50 A, TA = 25C - Propagation time tPROP Response time tRESPONSE IP = 50 A, TA = 25C - Rise time tr Frequency Bandwidth f IP = 50 A, TA = 25C - -3 dB , TA = 25C - Over full range of IP , TA = 25C - Sensitivity Sens Over full range of IP 19.0 Peak-to-peak, TA = 25C, Noise VNOISE - no external filter Over full range of IP - Linearity ELIN Symmetry ESYM Over full range of IP 98 Zero Current Output Voltage VOUT(Q) I = 0 A, TA = 25C - I = 0 A, T = 25C -10 Electrical Offset Voltage A VOE (Magnetic error not included) I=0A -20 Magnetic Offset Error IERROM I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A - Over full range of IP , TA = 25C - Total Output Error ETOT (Including all offsets) Over full range of IP - PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -40C to +150C, VCC = 5 V unless otherwise specified IP = 50 A, TA = 25C - Propagation time tPROP Response time Typ. - 5.0 8 1 - - 100 - Max. 100 5.5 10 2 10 - - - Units A V mA nF k kV 4 11 - - s s 10 - s 35 20 - - - 21.2 kHz mV/A mV/A 45 - mV - 100 VCC / 2 - - 0.1 0.9 - 0.8 102 - 10 20 0.30 - 5.0 % % V mV mV A % % 4 - s tRESPONSE IP = 50 A, TA = 25C - 11 - s Rise time tr IP = 50 A, TA = 25C - 10 - s Frequency Bandwidth f -3 dB , TA = 25C Over full range of IP , TA = 25C Over full range of IP Peak-to-peak, TA = 25C, no external filter Over full range of IP Over full range of IP I = 0 A, TA = 25C I = 0 A, TA = 25C I=0A I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A Over full range of IP , TA = 25C Over full range of IP - - 18.0 35 20 - - - 21.5 kHz mV/A mV/A - 45 - mV - 98 - -10 -35 - - - - 100 VCC / 2 - - 0.1 1.0 - 1.5 102 - 10 35 0.55 - 9.2 % % V mV mV A % % Sensitivity Sens Noise VNOISE Linearity Symmetry Zero Current Output Voltage ELIN ESYM VOUT(Q) Electrical Offset Voltage (Magnetic error not included) VOE Magnetic Offset Error IERROM Total Output Error (Including all offsets) ETOT Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 4 ACS754xCB-100 Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor with High Voltage Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor Definitions of Accuracy Characteristics Sensitivity (Sens). The change in sensor output in response to a 1 A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G / A) and the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G). The linear IC amplifier gain is programmed at the factory to optimize the sensitivity (mV/A) for the full-scale current of the device. Noise (VNOISE). The product of the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G) and the noise floor for the Allegro Hall effect linear IC (1 G). The noise floor is derived from the thermal and shot noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mV) by the sensitivity (mV/A) provides the smallest current that the device is able to resolve. Linearity (ELIN). The degree to which the voltage output from the sensor varies in direct proportion to the primary current through its full-scale amplitude. Nonlinearity in the output can be attributed to the saturation of the flux concentrator approaching the full-scale current. The following equation is used to derive the linearity: { [ 100 1- gain x % sat ( VIOUT_full-scale amperes - VIOUT(Q) ) 2 (VIOUT_half-scale amperes - VIOUT(Q) ) [{ where gain = the gain variation as a function of temperature changes from 25C, % sat = the percentage of saturation of the flux concentrator, which becomes significant as the current being sensed approaches full-scale IP , and VIOUT_full-scale amperes = the output voltage (V) when the sensed current approximates full-scale IP . Symmetry (ESYM). The degree to which the absolute voltage output from the sensor varies in proportion to either a positive or negative full-scale primary current. The following equation is used to derive symmetry: 100 VIOUT_+ full-scale amperes - VIOUT(Q) VIOUT(Q) - VIOUT_-full-scale amperes Quiescent output voltage (VIOUT(Q)). The output of the sensor when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it nominally remains at VCC 2. Thus, VCC = 5 V translates into VIOUT(Q) = 2.5 V. Variation in VOUT(Q) can be attributed to the resolution of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim, magnetic hysteresis, and thermal drift. Electrical offset voltage (VOE). The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent value of VCC 2 due to nonmagnetic causes. Magnetic offset error (IERROM). The magnetic offset is due to the residual magnetism (remnant field) of the core material. The magnetic offset error is highest when the magnetic circuit has been saturated, usually when the device has been subjected to a full-scale or high-current overload condition. The magnetic offset is largely dependent on the material used as a flux concentrator. The larger magnetic offsets are observed at the lower operating temperatures. Accuracy (ETOT). The accuracy represents the maximum deviation of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known as the total ouput error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in the output voltage versus current chart on the following page. Accuracy is divided into four areas: * 0 A at 25C. Accuracy of sensing zero current flow at 25C, without the effects of temperature. * 0 A over temperature. Accuracy of sensing zero current flow including temperature effects. * Full-scale current at 25C. Accuracy of sensing the full-scale current at 25C, without the effects of temperature. * Full-scale current over temperature. Accuracy of sensing fullscale current flow including temperature effects. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 5 ACS754xCB-100 Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor with High Voltage Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor Output Voltage versus Sensed Current Accuracy at 0 A and at Full-Scale Current Increasing VIOUT(V) Accuracy Over $Temp erature Accuracy 25C Only Average VIOUT Accuracy Over $Temp erature Accuracy 25C Only IP(min) -IP (A) +IP (A) Full Scale IP(max) 0A Accuracy 25C Only Accuracy Over $Temp erature Decreasing VIOUT(V) Definitions of Dynamic Response Characteristics Propagation delay (tPROP). The time required for the sensor output to reflect a change in the primary current signal. Propagation delay is attributed to inductive loading within the linear IC package, as well as in the inductive loop formed by the primary conductor geometry. Propagation delay can be considered as a fixed time offset and may be compensated. I (%) 90 Transducer Output 0 Propagation Time, tPROP I (%) Response time (tRESPONSE). The time interval between a) when the primary current signal reaches 90% of its final value, and b) when the sensor reaches 90% of its output corresponding to the applied current. Primary Current Primary Current 90 Transducer Output 0 Response Time, tRESPONSE Rise time (tr). The time interval between a) when the sensor reaches 10% of its full scale value, and b) when it reaches 90% of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the current sensor, in which (-3 dB) = 0.35 / tr. Both tr and tRESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane. t I (%) t Primary Current 90 Transducer Output 10 0 Rise Time, tr t Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 6 ACS754xCB-100 Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor with High Voltage Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor Step Response No external filter, TA=25C x100 Device Output (mV) 100 A Excitation Signal Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 7 Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor with High Voltage Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor ACS754xCB-100 Package CB, 5-pin module, leadform PFF unless otherwise noted 14.00 3.00 4.00 0.5 .020 R1 .039 1.50 R3 .118 4 5 1 A 2.75 0.5 .020 23.50 C R2 .079 17.50 4 .157 B 3 .118 13.00 21.4 .843 4.40 0.8 .031 3.18 1.5 .059 2.90 1 2 5 3 1.91 0.381 Recommended PCB Layout View Formed Leadforms (PFF, PSF) 10.00 7.00 .075 All dimensions nominal, not for tooling use Dimensions in millimeters Exact configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown A Dambar removal intrusion 3.50 B Perimeter through-holes recommended C Straight terminal leadform (PSF) 0.50 1.90 Creepage distance, current terminals to sensor pins: 7.25 mm Clearance distance, current terminals to sensor pins: 7.25 mm Package mass: 4.63 g typical Package Branding Two alternative patterns are used ACS754 RCBPPP YYWWA ACS 754 R CB PPP YY WW A Allegro Current Sensor Device family number Operating ambient temperature range code Package type designator Primary sensed current Date code: Calendar year (last two digits) Date code: Calendar week Date code: Shift code ACS754 RCBPPP L...L YYWW ACS 754 R CB PPP L...L YY WW Allegro Current Sensor Device family number Operating ambient temperature range code Package type designator Primary sensed current Lot code Date code: Calendar year (last two digits) Date code: Calendar week Copyright (c)2004-2008, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. The products described herein are manufactured under one or more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents pending. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro's products are not to be used in life support devices or systems, if a failure of an Allegro product can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. For the latest version of this document, visit our website: www.allegromicro.com Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 8