INTEGRATED CIRCUITS PCA9553 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates Product data Supersedes data of 2002 Dec 13 Philips Semiconductors 2003 May 02 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 the I2C-bus and uses up one of the master's timers. The PCA9553 LED Blinker instead requires only the initial set-up command to program BLINK RATE 1 and BLINK RATE 2 (i.e., the frequency and duty cycle). From then on, only one command from the bus master is required to turn each individual open drain output ON, OFF, or to cycle at BLINK RATE 1 or BLINK RATE 2. Maximum output sink current is 25 mA per bit and 100 mA per package. Any bits not used for controlling the LEDs can be used for General Purpose Parallel Input/Output (GPIO) expansion. Power On Reset (POR) initializes the registers to their default state, all zeroes, causing the bits to be set HIGH (LED off). FEATURES * 4 LED drivers (on, off, flashing at a programmable rate) * 2 selectable, fully programmable blink rates (frequency and duty Due to pin limitations, the PCA9553 is not featured with hardware address pins. The PCA9553/01 and the PCA9553/02 have different fixed I2C-bus addresses allowing operation of both on the same bus. cycle) between 0.15625 and 40 Hz (6.4 and 0.025 seconds) * Input/outputs not used as LED drivers can be used as regular PIN CONFIGURATION GPIOs * Internal oscillator requires no external components * I2C-businterface logic compatible with SMBus * Internal power-on reset * Noise filter on SCL/SDA inputs * 4 open drain outputs directly drive LEDs to 25 mA * Controlled edge rates to minimize ground bounce * No glitch on power-up * Supports hot insertion * Low stand-by current * Operating power supply voltage range of 2.3 V to 5.5 V * 0 to 400 kHz clock frequency * ESD protection exceeds 2000 V HBM per JESD22-A114, LED0 1 8 VDD LED1 2 7 SDA LED2 3 6 SCL VSS 4 5 LED3 SW01035 Figure 1. Pin configuration PIN DESCRIPTION PIN NUMBER SYMBOL 1 LED0 LED driver 0 * Packages offered: SO8, TSSOP8 2 LED1 LED driver 1 3 LED2 LED driver 2 DESCRIPTION 4 VSS The PCA9553 LED Blinker blinks LEDs in I@C and SMBus applications where it is necessary to limit bus traffic or free up the I2C Master's (MCU, MPU, DSP, chipset, etc.) timer. The uniqueness of this device is the internal oscillator with two programmable blink rates. To blink LEDs using normal I/O Expanders like the PCF8574 or PCA9554, the bus master must send repeated commands to turn the LED on and off. This greatly increases the amount of traffic on 5 LED3 LED driver 3 6 SCL Serial clock line 7 SDA Serial data line 8 VDD Supply voltage 150 V MM per JESD22-A115 and 1000 V CDM per JESD22-C101 * Latch-up testing is done to JEDEC Standard JESD78 which exceeds 100 mA FUNCTION Supply ground ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGES TEMPERATURE RANGE ORDER CODE TOPSIDE MARK DRAWING NUMBER 8-Pin Plastic SO -40 to +85 C PCA9553D/01 P9553/1 SOT96-1 8-Pin Plastic SO -40 to +85 C PCA9553D/02 P9553/2 SOT96-1 8-Pin Plastic TSSOP -40 to +85 C PCA9553DP/01 P53/1 SOT505-1 8-Pin Plastic TSSOP -40 to +85 C PCA9553DP/02 P53/2 Standard packing quantities and other packaging data is available at www.philipslogic.com/packaging. I2C is a trademark of Philips Semiconductors Corporation. SOT505-1 2003 May 02 2 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 BLOCK DIAGRAM PCA9553 INPUT REGISTER SCL INPUT FILTERS I2C-BUS CONTROL LED SELECT (LSx) REGISTER SDA 0 1 LEDx VDD POWER-ON RESET OSCILLATOR PRESCALER 0 REGISTER PWM0 REGISTER BLINK0 PRESCALER 1 REGISTER PWM1 REGISTER BLINK1 VSS NOTE: ONLY ONE I/O SHOWN FOR CLARITY SW01036 Figure 2. Block diagram 2003 May 02 3 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 contents of these bits will rollover to `000' after the last register is accessed. DEVICE ADDRESSING Following a START condition the bus master must output the address of the slave it is accessing. The address of the PCA9553/01 is shown in Figure 3 and PCA9553/02 in Figure 4. When auto-increment flag is set (AI = 1) and a read sequence is initiated, the sequence must start by reading a register different from `0' (B2 B1 B0 0 0 0 0) SLAVE ADDRESS Only the 3 least significant bits are affected by the AI flag. 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 Unused bits must be programmed with zeroes. R/W INPUT -- INPUT REGISTER SW01037 Figure 3. Slave address -- PCA9553/01 1 0 0 0 1 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 X X X X X X X X The INPUT register reflects the state of the device pins. Writes to this register will be acknowledged but will have no effect. SLAVE ADDRESS 1 bit Default PSC0 -- FREQUENCY PRESCALER 0 1 R/W bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 default 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PSC0 is used to program the period of the PWM output. SW01038 (PSC0 ) 1) 44 PWM0 -- PWM REGISTER 0 The period of BLINK0 + Figure 4. Slave address -- PCA9553/02 The last bit of the address byte defines the operation to be performed. When set to logic 1 a read is selected, while a logic 0 selects a write operation. Following the successful acknowledgement of the slave address, the bus master will send a byte to the PCA9553 which will be stored in the Control Register. 0 0 AI 0 B2 B1 B0 AUTO-INCREMENT FLAG SW01034 B0 REGISTER NAME TYPE 0 0 INPUT READ INPUT REGISTER 0 0 1 PSC0 READ/ WRITE FREQUENCY PRESCALER 0 0 1 0 PWM0 READ/ WRITE PWM REGISTER 0 0 1 1 PSC1 READ/ WRITE FREQUENCY PRESCALER 1 1 0 0 PWM1 READ/ WRITE PWM REGISTER 1 LS0 READ/ WRITE 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 default 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 default 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The PWM1 register determines the duty cycle of BLINK1. The outputs are LOW (LED off) when the count is less than the value in PWM1 and HIGH when it is greater. If PWM1 is programmed with 00h, then the PWM1 output is always LOW. The duty cycle of BLINK1 is: 256 - PWM1 256 LS0 -- LED SELECTOR LED3 LED2 LED 1 LED 0 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 default 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 The LSx LED select registers determine the source of the LED data. 00 = Output is set LOW (LED on) 01 = Output is set Hi-Z (LED off - default) 10 = Output blinks at PWM0 rate 11 = Output blinks at PWM1 rate LED SELECTOR REGISTER DESCRIPTION The lowest 3 bits are used as a pointer to determine which register will be accessed. If the auto-increment flag is set, the three low order bits of the Control Register are automatically incremented after a read or write. This allows the user to program the registers sequentially. The 2003 May 02 3 0 (PSC1 ) 1) 44 PWM1 -- PWM REGISTER 1 REGISTER FUNCTION 0 1 4 0 The period of BLINK1 + CONTROL REGISTER DEFINITION B1 5 0 PSC1 is used to program the period of PWM output. Figure 5. Control register B2 6 1 The duty cycle of BLINK0 is: 256 - PWM0 256 PSC1 -- FREQUENCY PRESCALER 1 REGISTER ADDRESS RESET STATE: 00h 7 The PWM0 register determines the duty cycle of BLINK0. The outputs are LOW (LED off) when the count is less than the value in PWM0 and HIGH when it is greater. If PWM0 is programmed with 00h, then the PWM0 output is always LOW. CONTROL REGISTER 0 bit default 4 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 POWER-ON RESET Start and stop conditions When power is applied to VDD, an internal Power-On Reset holds the PCA9553 in a reset state until VDD has reached VPOR. At this point, the reset condition is released and the PCA9553 registers are initialized to their default states, with all outputs in the off state. Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line, while the clock is HIGH is defined as the start condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the stop condition (P) (see Figure 7). CHARACTERISTICS OF THE I2C-BUS System configuration The I2C-bus is for 2-way, 2-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). Both lines must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor when connected to the output stages of a device. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. A device generating a message is a transmitter: a device receiving is the receiver. The device that controls the message is the master and the devices which are controlled by the master are the slaves (see Figure 8). Bit transfer One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the HIGH period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time will be interpreted as control signals (see Figure 6). SDA SCL data line stable; data valid change of data allowed SW00363 Figure 6. Bit transfer SDA SDA SCL SCL S P START condition STOP condition SW00365 Figure 7. Definition of start and stop conditions SDA SCL MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SLAVE RECEIVER SLAVE TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER I2C MULTIPLEXER SLAVE SW00366 Figure 8. System configuration 2003 May 02 5 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 Acknowledge The number of data bytes transferred between the start and the stop conditions from transmitter to receiver is not limited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by one acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a HIGH level put on the bus by the transmitter whereas the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. A slave receiver which is addressed must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. Also a master must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. The device that acknowledges has to pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse, set-up and hold times must be taken into account. A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event, the transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a stop condition. DATA OUTPUT BY TRANSMITTER not acknowledge DATA OUTPUT BY RECEIVER acknowledge SCL FROM MASTER 1 2 8 9 S clock pulse for acknowledgement START condition SW00368 Figure 9. Acknowledgement on the 2003 May 02 6 I2C-bus Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 Bus transactions 1 SCL 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 command byte slave address SDA S 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 start condition R/W A 0 0 0 AI 0 data to register B2 B1 B0 acknowledge from slave DATA 1 A A acknowledge from slave acknowledge from slave WRITE TO REGISTER DATA OUT FROM PORT DATA 1 VALID tpv SW02002 Figure 10. WRITE to register acknowledge from slave slave address S 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 A acknowledge from slave 0 0 0 AI 0 B2 B1 B0 A S acknowledge from slave slave address 1 1 0 0 0 1 R/W 0 1 acknowledge from master data from register DATA A A first byte R/W auto-increment register address if AI = 1 at this moment master-transmitter becomes master-receiver and slave-receiver becomes slave-transmitter data from register no acknowledge from master NA DATA P last byte SW02001 Figure 11. READ from register slave address SDA S 1 1 0 0 0 start condition data from port 1 0 1 R/W data from port DATA 1 A A acknowledge from slave DATA 4 acknowledge from master NA no acknowledge from master P stop condition READ FROM PORT DATA INTO PORT DATA 1 DATA 2 DATA 3 tph DATA 4 tps SW01097 NOTES: 1. This figure assumes the command byte has previously been programmed with 00h. 2. PCA9553/01 shown. Figure 12. READ input port register 2003 May 02 7 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 APPLICATION DATA 5V 5V VDD SDA SDA LED0 SCL SCL LED1 LED2 LED3 I2C/SMBus MASTER VSS PCA9553 SW01039 Figure 13. Typical application Minimizing IDD when the I/O is used to control LEDs When the I/Os are used to control LEDs, they are normally connected to VDD through a resistor as shown in Figure 13. Since the LED acts as a diode, when the LED is off the I/O VIN is about 1.2 V less than VDD. The supply current, IDD, increases as VIN becomes lower than VDD and is specified as IDD in the DC characteristics table. Designs needing to minimize current consumption, such as battery power applications, should consider maintaining the I/O pins greater than or equal to VDD when the LED is off. Figure 14 shows a high value resistor in parallel with the LED. Figure 15 shows VDD less than the LED supply voltage by at least 1.2 V. Both of these methods maintain the I/O VIN at or above VDD and prevents additional supply current consumption when the LED is off. VDD LED 3.3 V 100 k VDD VDD LEDx LED LEDx SW02087 SW02086 Figure 14. High value resistor in parallel with the LED 2003 May 02 5V Figure 15. Device supplied by a lower voltage 8 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates Programming example The following example will show how to set LED0 and LED1 off. It will then set LED2 to blink at 1 Hz, 50% duty cycle. LED3 will be set to blink at 4 Hz, 25% duty cycle. PCA9553/01 is used in this example. Table 1. I2C-bus Start S PCA9553 address C4h PSC0 subaddress + auto-increment 11h Set prescaler PSC0 to achieve a period of 1 second: Blink period + 1 + PSC0 ) 1 44 PSC0 = 37 25h Set PWM0 duty cycle to 50%: 256 - PWM0 + 0.5 256 80h PWM0 = 128 Set prescaler PWM1 to achieve a period of 0.25 seconds: Blink period + 0.25 + PSC1 ) 1 44 PSC1 = 9 09h Set PWM1 output duty cycle to 25%: 256 - PWM1 + 0.25 256 PWM1 = 192 C0h Set LED0 on, LED1 off, LED2 set to blink at PSC0, PWM0, LED3 set to blink at PCS1, PWM1 E4h Stop P 2003 May 02 9 PCA9553 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN MAX UNIT -0.5 6.0 V VDD Supply voltage VI/O DC voltage on an I/O VSS - 0.5 5.5 V II/O DC output current on an I/O -- 25 mA ISS Supply current -- 100 mA Ptot Total power dissipation -- 400 mW Tstg Storage temperature range -65 +150 C Tamb Operating ambient temperature -40 +85 C HANDLING Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharge in normal handling. However, to be totally safe, it is desirable to take precautions appropriate to handling MOS devices. Advice can be found in Data Handbook IC24 under "Handling MOS devices". DC CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.3 to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; Tamb = -40 to +85 C; unless otherwise specified. TYP at 3.3 V and 25 C. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 2.3 -- 5.5 V Supplies VDD Supply voltage IDD Supply current Operating mode; VDD = 5.5 V; no load; VI = VDD or VSS; fSCL = 100 kHz -- 350 500 A Istb Standby current Standby mode; VDD = 5.5 V; no load; VI = VDD or VSS; fSCL = 100 kHz -- 1.9 3.0 A IDD Additional standby current Standby mode; VDD = 5.5 V; Every LED I/O at VIN = 4.3 V; fSCL = 0 kHz -- -- 325 A VPOR Power-on reset voltage No load; VI = VDD or VSS -- 1.7 2.2 V -0.5 -- 0.3 VDD V Input SCL; input/output SDA VIL LOW-level input voltage VIH HIGH-level input voltage 0.7 VDD -- 5.5 V IOL LOW-level output current VOL = 0.4V 3 6.5 -- mA IL Leakage current VI = VDD = VSS -1 -- +1 A CI Input capacitance VI = VSS -- 3.7 5 pF VIL LOW-level input voltage -0.5 -- 0.8 V VIH HIGH-level input voltage I/Os IOL IL CIO LOW-level output current Input leakage current 2.0 -- 5.5 V VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 2.3 V; Note 1 9 -- -- mA VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 3.0 V; Note 1 12 -- -- mA VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 4.5 V; Note 1 15 -- -- mA VOL = 0.7 V; VDD = 2.3 V; Note 1 15 -- -- mA VOL = 0.7 V; VDD = 3.0 V; Note 1 20 -- -- mA VOL = 0.7 V; VDD = 4.5 V; Note 1 25 -- -- mA VDD = 3.6 V; VI = 0 or VDD -1 -- 1 A -- 2.1 5 pF Input/output capacitance NOTES: 1. Each I/O must be externally limited to a maximum of 25 mA and the device must be limited to a maximum current of 100 mA. 2003 May 02 10 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 AC SPECIFICATIONS SYMBOL STANDARD MODE I2C BUS PARAMETER MIN MAX FAST MODE I2C BUS UNITS MIN MAX fSCL Operating frequency 0 100 0 400 kHz tBUF Bus free time between STOP and START conditions 4.7 -- 1.3 -- s tHD;STA Hold time after (repeated) START condition 4.0 -- 0.6 -- s tSU;STA Repeated START condition set-up time 4.7 -- 0.6 -- s tSU;STO Set-up time for STOP condition 4.0 -- 0.6 -- s tHD;DAT Data in hold time 0 -- 0 -- ns tVD;ACK Valid time for ACK condition2 -- 600 -- 600 ns tVD;DAT (L) Data out valid time3 -- 600 -- 600 ns tVD;DAT (H) Data out valid time3 -- 1500 -- 600 ns tSU;DAT Data set-up time 250 -- 100 -- ns tLOW Clock LOW period 4.7 -- 1.3 -- s tHIGH Clock HIGH period 4.0 -- 0.6 -- s 1 tF Clock/Data fall time -- 300 20 + 0.1 Cb 300 ns tR Clock/Data rise time -- 1000 20 + 0.1 Cb1 300 ns tSP Pulse width of spikes that must be suppressed by the input filters -- 50 -- 50 ns tPV Output data valid -- 200 -- 200 ns tPS Input data set-up time 100 -- 100 -- ns tPH Input data hold time 1 -- 1 -- s Port Timing NOTES: 1. Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF. 2. tVD;ACK = time for Acknowledgement signal from SCL LOW to SDA (out) LOW. 3. tVD;DAT = minimum time for SDA data out to be valid following SCL LOW. 2003 May 02 11 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 +20% MAX +10% 0% PERCENT VARIATION -10% AVG -20% -30% MIN -40% -40 0 +25 +70 +85 TEMPERATURE (C) SW01085 Figure 16. Typical frequency variation over process at VDD = 2.3 V to 3.0 V +20% MAX +10% 0% PERCENT VARIATION AVG -10% -20% MIN -30% -40% -40 0 +25 +70 +85 TEMPERATURE (C) Figure 17. Typical frequency variation over process at VDD = 3.0 V to 5.5 V 2003 May 02 12 SW01086 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 SDA tBUF tLOW tR tF tHD;STA tSP SCL tHD;STA P S tSU;STA tHD;DAT tHIGH tSU;DAT Sr tSU;STO P SU00645 Figure 18. Definition of timing 2003 May 02 13 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates SO8: plastic small outline package; 8 leads; body width 3.9 mm 2003 May 02 14 PCA9553 SOT96-1 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates TSSOP8: plastic thin shrink small outline package; 8 leads; body width 3 mm 2003 May 02 15 PCA9553 SOT505-1 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates REVISION HISTORY Rev Date _2 20030502 PCA9553 Description Product data (9397 750 11464); ECN 853-2397 29856 Dated 24 April2003. Supersedes data of 2002 Dec 13 (9397 750 10859). Modifications: * Correction to voltage in typical application drawing * Update maximum current per bit and per device * Adjust maximum and minimum curves to 15% on frequency variation graphs. _1 2003 May 02 20021213 Product data (9397 750 10859); ECN 853-2397 29264 of 09 December 2002. 16 Philips Semiconductors Product data 4-bit I2C LED driver with programmable blink rates PCA9553 Purchase of Philips I2C components conveys a license under the Philips' I2C patent to use the components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specifications defined by Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011. Data sheet status Level Data sheet status[1] Product status[2] [3] Definitions I Objective data Development This data sheet contains data from the objective specification for product development. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to change the specification in any manner without notice. II Preliminary data Qualification This data sheet contains data from the preliminary specification. Supplementary data will be published at a later date. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to change the specification without notice, in order to improve the design and supply the best possible product. III Product data Production This data sheet contains data from the product specification. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes at any time in order to improve the design, manufacturing and supply. Relevant changes will be communicated via a Customer Product/Process Change Notification (CPCN). [1] Please consult the most recently issued data sheet before initiating or completing a design. [2] The product status of the device(s) described in this data sheet may have changed since this data sheet was published. The latest information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.semiconductors.philips.com. [3] For data sheets describing multiple type numbers, the highest-level product status determines the data sheet status. Definitions Short-form specification -- The data in a short-form specification is extracted from a full data sheet with the same type number and title. For detailed information see the relevant data sheet or data handbook. Limiting values definition -- Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information -- Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. Philips Semiconductors make no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Disclaimers Life support -- These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips Semiconductors customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips Semiconductors for any damages resulting from such application. Right to make changes -- Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes in the products--including circuits, standard cells, and/or software--described or contained herein in order to improve design and/or performance. When the product is in full production (status `Production'), relevant changes will be communicated via a Customer Product/Process Change Notification (CPCN). Philips Semiconductors assumes no responsibility or liability for the use of any of these products, conveys no license or title under any patent, copyright, or mask work right to these products, and makes no representations or warranties that these products are free from patent, copyright, or mask work right infringement, unless otherwise specified. Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2003 All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. Contact information For additional information please visit http://www.semiconductors.philips.com. Fax: +31 40 27 24825 Date of release: 05-03 For sales offices addresses send e-mail to: sales.addresses@www.semiconductors.philips.com. Document order number: Philips Semiconductors 2003 May 02 17 9397 750 11464