LMV431,LMV431A,LMV431B
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Low-Voltage (1.24V) Adjustable Precision Shunt
Regulators
Literature Number: SNVS041F
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
Low-Voltage (1.24V) Adjustable Precision Shunt
Regulators
General Description
The LMV431, LMV431A and LMV431B are precision 1.24V
shunt regulators capable of adjustment to 30V. Negative
feedback from the cathode to the adjust pin controls the
cathode voltage, much like a non-inverting op amp configu-
ration (Refer to Symbol and Functional diagrams). A two
resistor voltage divider terminated at the adjust pin controls
the gain of a 1.24V band-gap reference. Shorting the cath-
ode to the adjust pin (voltage follower) provides a cathode
voltage of a 1.24V.
The LMV431, LMV431A and LMV431B have respective ini-
tial tolerances of 1.5%, 1% and 0.5%, and functionally lends
themselves to several applications that require zener diode
type performance at low voltages. Applications include a 3V
to 2.7V low drop-out regulator, an error amplifier in a 3V
off-line switching regulator and even as a voltage detector.
These parts are typically stable with capacitive loads greater
than 10nF and less than 50pF.
The LMV431, LMV431A and LMV431B provide performance
at a competitive price.
Features
nLow Voltage Operation/Wide Adjust Range (1.24V/30V)
n0.5% Initial Tolerance (LMV431B)
nTemperature Compensated for Industrial Temperature
Range (39 PPM/˚C for the LMV431AI)
nLow Operation Current (55µA)
nLow Output Impedance (0.25Ω)
nFast Turn-On Response
nLow Cost
Applications
nShunt Regulator
nSeries Regulator
nCurrent Source or Sink
nVoltage Monitor
nError Amplifier
n3V Off-Line Switching Regulator
nLow Dropout N-Channel Series Regulator
Connection Diagrams
TO92: Plastic Package
10095801
Top View
SOT23-5
10095844
*Pin 1 is not internally connected.
*Pin 2 is internally connected to Anode pin. Pin 2 should be either floating
or connected to Anode pin.
Top View
SOT23-3
10095867
Top View
May 2005
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Low-Voltage (1.24V) Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulators
© 2005 National Semiconductor Corporation DS100958 www.national.com
Symbol and Functional Diagrams
10095859
10095860
Simplified Schematic
10095803
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com 2
Ordering Information
Package Temperature
Range
Voltage Tolerance Part Number Package Marking NSC Drawing
TO92
Industrial Range
−40˚C to +85˚C
1% LMV431AIZ LMV431AIZ
Z03A
1.5% LMV431IZ LMV431IZ
Commerial Range
0˚C to +70˚C
0.5% LMV431BCZ LMV431BCZ
1% LMV431ACZ LMV431ACZ
1.5% LMV431CZ LMV431CZ
SOT23-5
Industrial Range
−40˚C to +85˚C
1% LMV431AIM5 N08A
MF05A
1% LMV431AIM5X N08A
1.5% LMV431IM5 N08B
1.5% LMV431IM5X N08B
Commercial Range
0˚C to +70˚C
0.5% LMV431BCM5 N09C
0.5% LMV431BCM5X N09C
1% LMV431ACM5 N09A
1% LMV431ACM5X N09A
1.5% LMV431CM5 N09B
1.5% LMV431CM5X N09B
SOT23-3 Industrial Range
−40˚ to +85˚C
0.5% LMV431BIMF RLB
MF03A
0.5% LMV431BIMFX
1% LMV431AIMF RLA
1% LMV431AIMFX
DC/AC Test Circuits for Table and
Curves
10095804
FIGURE 1. Test Circuit for V
Z
=V
REF
10095805
Note: VZ=V
REF (1 + R1/R2) + IREF•R1
FIGURE 2. Test Circuit for V
Z
>V
REF
10095806
FIGURE 3. Test Circuit for Off-State Current
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com3
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to +150˚C
Operating Temperature Range
Industrial (LMV431AI, LMV431I) −40˚C to +85˚C
Commercial (LMV431AC,
LMV431C, LMV431BC)
0˚C to +70˚C
Lead Temperature
TO92 Package/SOT23 -5,-3 Package
(Soldering, 10 sec.) 265˚C
Internal Power Dissipation (Note 2)
TO92 0.78W
SOT23-5, -3 Package 0.28W
Cathode Voltage 35V
Continuous Cathode Current −30 mA to +30mA
Reference Input Current range −.05mA to 3mA
Operating Conditions
Cathode Voltage V
REF
to 30V
Cathode Current 0.1 mA to 15mA
Temperature range
LMV431AI −40˚C ≤T
A
≤85˚C
Thermal Resistance (θ
JA
)(Note 3)
SOT23-5, -3 Package 455 ˚C/W
TO-92 Package 161 ˚C/W
Derating Curve (Slope = −1/θ
JA
)
10095830
LMV431C Electrical Characteristics
T
A
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units
V
REF
Reference Voltage V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA
(See Figure 1 )
T
A
= 25˚C 1.222 1.24 1.258
T
A
= Full Range 1.21 1.27 V
V
DEV
Deviation of Reference Input Voltage
Over Temperature (Note 4)
V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA,
T
A
= Full Range (See Figure 1)
412mV
Ratio of the Change in Reference
Voltage to the Change in Cathode
Voltage
I
Z
= 10mA (see Figure 2 )
V
Z
from V
REF
to 6V
R
1
= 10k, R
2
=∞and 2.6k
−1.5 −2.7 mV/V
I
REF
Reference Input Current R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞
I
I
= 10mA (see Figure 2)
0.15 0.5 µA
∝I
REF
Deviation of Reference Input Current
over Temperature
R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞,
I
I
= 10mA, T
A
= Full Range (see Figure 2)0.05 0.3 µA
I
Z(MIN)
Minimum Cathode Current for
Regulation
V
Z
=V
REF
(see Figure 1)5580µA
I
Z(OFF)
Off-State Current V
Z
=6V, V
REF
=0V(see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA
r
Z
Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 0.1mA to 15mA
Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com 4
LMV431I Electrical Characteristics
T
A
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units
V
REF
Reference Voltage V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA
(See Figure 1 )
T
A
= 25˚C 1.222 1.24 1.258 V
T
A
= Full Range 1.202 1.278
V
DEV
Deviation of Reference Input Voltage
Over Temperature (Note 4)
V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA,
T
A
= Full Range (See Figure 1)
620mV
Ratio of the Change in Reference
Voltage to the Change in Cathode
Voltage
I
Z
= 10mA (see Figure 2 )
V
Z
from V
REF
to 6V
R
1
= 10k, R
2
=∞and 2.6k
−1.5 −2.7 mV/V
I
REF
Reference Input Current R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞
I
I
= 10mA (see Figure 2)
0.15 0.5 µA
∝I
REF
Deviation of Reference Input Current
over Temperature
R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞,
I
I
= 10mA, T
A
= Full Range (see Figure 2)0.1 0.4 µA
I
Z(MIN)
Minimum Cathode Current for
Regulation
V
Z
=V
REF
(see Figure 1)55 80 µA
I
Z(OFF)
Off-State Current V
Z
= 6V, V
REF
=0V(see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA
r
Z
Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 0.1mA to 15mA
Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω
LMV431AC Electrical Characteristics
T
A
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units
V
REF
Reference Voltage V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
=10mA
(See Figure 1 )
T
A
= 25˚C 1.228 1.24 1.252 V
T
A
= Full Range 1.221 1.259
V
DEV
Deviation of Reference Input Voltage
Over Temperature (Note 4)
V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA,
T
A
= Full Range (See Figure 1)
412mV
Ratio of the Change in Reference
Voltage to the Change in Cathode
Voltage
I
Z
=10mA(see Figure 2 )
V
Z
from V
REF
to 6V
R
1
= 10k, R
2
=∞and 2.6k
−1.5 −2.7 mV/V
I
REF
Reference Input Current R
1
=1kΩ,R
2
=∞
I
I
=10mA(see Figure 2)
0.15 0.50 µA
∝I
REF
Deviation of Reference Input Current
over Temperature
R
1
=10kΩ,R
2
=∞,
I
I
= 10 mA, T
A
= Full Range (see Figure 2)0.05 0.3 µA
I
Z(MIN)
Minimum Cathode Current for
Regulation
V
Z
=V
REF
(see Figure 1)55 80 µA
I
Z(OFF)
Off-State Current V
Z
= 6V, V
REF
=0V(see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA
r
Z
Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 0.1mA to 15mA
Frequency = 0 Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com5
LMV431AI Electrical Characteristics
T
A
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units
V
REF
Reference Voltage V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA
(See Figure 1 )
T
A
= 25˚C 1.228 1.24 1.252
T
A
= Full Range 1.215 1.265 V
V
DEV
Deviation of Reference Input Voltage
Over Temperature (Note 4)
V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA,
T
A
= Full Range (See Figure 1)
620mV
Ratio of the Change in Reference
Voltage to the Change in Cathode
Voltage
I
Z
= 10mA (see Figure 2 )
V
Z
from V
REF
to 6V
R
1
= 10k, R
2
=∞and 2.6k
−1.5 −2.7 mV/V
I
REF
Reference Input Current R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞
I
I
= 10mA (see Figure 2)
0.15 0.5 µA
∝I
REF
Deviation of Reference Input Current
over Temperature
R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞,
I
I
= 10mA, T
A
= Full Range (see Figure 2)0.1 0.4 µA
I
Z(MIN)
Minimum Cathode Current for
Regulation
V
Z
=V
REF
(see Figure 1)55 80 µA
I
Z(OFF)
Off-State Current V
Z
= 6V, V
REF
=0V(see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA
r
Z
Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 0.1mA to 15mA
Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω
LMV431BC Electrical Characteristics
T
A
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units
V
REF
Reference Voltage V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA
(See Figure 1 )
T
A
= 25˚C 1.234 1.24 1.246
T
A
= Full Range 1.227 1.253 V
V
DEV
Deviation of Reference Input Voltage
Over Temperature (Note 4)
V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA,
T
A
= Full Range (See Figure 1)
412mV
Ratio of the Change in Reference
Voltage to the Change in Cathode
Voltage
I
Z
= 10mA (see Figure 2 )
V
Z
from V
REF
to 6V
R
1
= 10k, R
2
=∞and 2.6k
−1.5 −2.7 mV/V
I
REF
Reference Input Current R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞
I
I
= 10mA (see Figure 2)
0.15 0.50 µA
∝I
REF
Deviation of Reference Input Current
over Temperature
R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞,
I
I
= 10mA, T
A
= Full Range (see Figure 2)0.05 0.3 µA
I
Z(MIN)
Minimum Cathode Current for
Regulation
V
Z
=V
REF
(see Figure 1)55 80 µA
I
Z(OFF)
Off-State Current V
Z
= 6V, V
REF
=0V(see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA
r
Z
Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 0.1mA to 15mA
Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω
LMV431BI Electrical Characteristics
T
A
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units
V
REF
Reference Voltage V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA
(See Figure 1 )
T
A
= 25˚C 1.234 1.24 1.246
T
A
= Full Range 1.224 1.259 V
V
DEV
Deviation of Reference Input Voltage
Over Temperature (Note 4)
V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 10mA,
T
A
= Full Range (See Figure 1)
620mV
Ratio of the Change in Reference
Voltage to the Change in Cathode
Voltage
I
Z
= 10mA (see Figure 2 )
V
Z
from V
REF
to 6V
R
1
= 10k, R
2
=∞and 2.6k
−1.5 −2.7 mV/V
I
REF
Reference Input Current R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞
I
I
= 10mA (see Figure 2)
0.15 0.50 µA
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com 6
LMV431BI Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
T
A
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units
∝I
REF
Deviation of Reference Input Current
over Temperature
R
1
= 10kΩ,R
2
=∞,
I
I
= 10mA, T
A
= Full Range (see Figure 2)0.1 0.4 µA
I
Z(MIN)
Minimum Cathode Current for
Regulation
V
Z
=V
REF
(see Figure 1)55 80 µA
I
Z(OFF)
Off-State Current V
Z
= 6V, V
REF
=0V(see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA
r
Z
Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) V
Z
=V
REF
,I
Z
= 0.1mA to 15mA
Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device
beyond its rated operating conditions.
Note 2: Ratings apply to ambient temperature at 25˚C. Above this temperature, derate the TO92 at 6.2 mW/˚C, and the SOT23-5 at 2.2 mW/˚C. See derating curve
in Operating Condition section..
Note 3: TJ Max = 150˚C, TJ=T
A+(θJA PD), where PDis the operating power of the device.
Note 4: Deviation of reference input voltage, VDEV, is defined as the maximum variation of the reference input voltage over the full temperature range.
See following:
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com7
LMV431BI Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
10095807
The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, ∝VREF, is defined as:
Where:
T2−T
1= full temperature change.
∝VREF can be positive or negative depending on whether the slope is positive or negative.
Example: VDEV = 6.0mV, REF = 1240mV, T2−T
1= 125˚C.
Note 5: The dynamic output impedance, rZ, is defined as:
When the device is programmed with two external resistors, R1 and R2, (see Figure 2 ), the dynamic output impedance of the overall circuit, rZ, is defined as:
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com 8
Typical Performance Characteristics
Reference Voltage vs. Junction Temperature Reference Input Current vs. Junction Temperature
10095850 10095862
Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage 1 Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage 2
10095851 10095852
Off-State Cathode Current vs.
Junction Temperature
Delta Reference Voltage Per
Delta Cathode Voltage vs. Junction Temperature
10095863 10095861
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com9
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Input Voltage Noise vs. Frequency
10095853 10095845
Test Circuit for Input Voltage Noise vs. Frequency
Low Frequency Peak to Peak Noise
10095854
10095864
Test Circuit for Peak to Peak Noise (BW= 0.1Hz to 10Hz)
Small Signal Voltage Gain and Phase Shift vs.
Frequency
10095855
10095846
Test Circuit For Voltage Gain and Phase Shift vs.
Frequency
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com 10
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Reference Impedance vs. Frequency
10095856
10095847
Test Circuit for Reference Impedance vs. Frequency
Pulse Response 1
10095857
10095848
Test Circuit for Pulse Response 1
Pulse Response 2
10095858
10095849
Test Circuit for Pulse Response 2
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com11
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
LMV431 Stability Boundary Condition
10095868
10095869
Test circuit for V
Z
=V
REF
10095870
Test Circuit for V
Z
= 2V, 3V
Percentage Change in V
REF
vs. Operating Life at 55˚C
10095866
Extrapolated from life-test data taken at 125˚C; the activation energy assumed is 0.7eV.
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com 12
Typical Applications
Series Regulator Output Control of a Three Terminal Fixed Regulator
10095816 10095817
Higher Current Shunt Regulator Crow Bar
10095818 10095819
Over Voltage/Under VoltageProtection Circuit Voltage Monitor
10095820 10095821
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com13
Typical Applications (Continued)
Delay Timer Current Limiter or Current Source
10095822
10095823
Constant Current Sink
10095824
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com 14
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
SOT23-5 Molded Small Outline Transistor Package (M5)
NS Package Number MF05A
SOT23-3 Molded Small Outline Transistor Package (M3)
NS Package Number MF03A
LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B
www.national.com15
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
TO-92 Plastic Package
NS Package Number Z03A
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves
the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.
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LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Low-Voltage (1.24V) Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulators
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