1
®
FN8177.1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 |Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
XDCP is a trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2005. All Rights Reserved
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
X9313
Terminal Voltages ±5V, 32 Taps
Digitally Controlled Potentiometer
(XDCP™)
The Intersil X9313 is a digitally controlled potentiometer
(XDCP). The device consists of a resistor array, wiper
switches, a control section, and nonvolatile memory. The
wiper position is controlled by a 3-wire interface.
The potentiometer is implemented by a resistor array
composed of 31 resistive elements and a wiper switching
network. Between each element and at either end are tap
points accessible to the wiper terminal. The position of the
wiper element is controlled by the CS, U/D, and INC inputs.
The position of the wiper can be stored in nonvolatile
memory and then be recalled upon a subsequent power-up
operation.
The device can be used as a three-terminal potentiometer or
as a two-terminal variable resistor in a wide variety of
applications including:
• control
• parameter adjustments
• signal processing
Features
• Solid-state potentiometer
• 3-wire serial interface
• 32 wiper tap points
- Wiper position stored in nonvolatile memory and
recalled on power-up
• 31 resistive elements
- Temperature compensated
- End to end resistance range ± 20%
- Terminal voltages, -5V to +5V
• Low power CMOS
-V
CC = 3V or 5V
- Active current, 3mA max.
- Standby current, 500µA max.
• High reliability
- Endurance, 100,000 data changes per bit
- Register data retention, 100 years
•R
TOTAL values = 1kΩ, 10kΩ, 50kΩ
• Packages
- 8-lead SOIC, MSOP and DIP
Block Diagrams
5-BIT
NONVOLATILE
MEMORY
STORE AND
RECALL
CONTROL
CIRCUITRY
ONE
OF
DECODER
RESISTOR
ARRAY
RH/VH
U/D
INC
CS
TRANSFER
GATES
THIRTY
VCC
VSS
RL/VL
RW/VW
CONTROL
UP/DOWN
VCC (SUPPLY VOLTAGE)
VSS (GROUND)
RH/VH
RW/VW
RL/VL
GENERAL
DETAILED
0
1
2
28
29
30
31
TWO
(U/D)
INCREMENT
(INC)
DEVICE SELECT
(CS)
AND
MEMORY
5-BIT
UP/DOWN
COUNTER
Data Sheet August 5, 2005
2FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
Pin Descriptions
RH/VH and RL/VL
The high (RH/VH) and low (RL/VL) terminals of the X9313
are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical
potentiometer. The terminology of RL/VL and RH/VH
references the relative position of the terminal in relation to
wiper movement direction selected by the U/D input and not
the voltage potential on the terminal.
RW/VW
RW/Vw is the wiper terminal and is equivalent to the movable
terminal of a mechanical potentiometer. The position of the
wiper within the array is determined by the control inputs.
The wiper terminal series resistance is typically 40Ω at VCC
= 5V.
Up/Down (U/D)
The U/D input controls the direction of the wiper movement
and whether the counter is incremented or decremented.
Increment (INC)
The INC input is negative-edge triggered. Toggling INC will
move the wiper and either increment or decrement the
counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the
U/D input.
Chip Select (CS)
The device is selected when the CS input is LOW. The
current counter value is stored in nonvolatile memory when
CS is returned HIGH while the INC input is also HIGH. After
the store operation is complete the X9313 will be placed in
the low power standby mode until the device is selected
once again.
Pin Configuration
Principles of Operation
There are three sections of the X9313: the input control,
counter and decode section; the nonvolatile memory; and
the resistor array. The input control section operates just like
an up/down counter. The output of this counter is decoded to
turn on a single electronic switch connecting a point on the
resistor array to the wiper output. Under the proper
conditions the contents of the counter can be stored in
nonvolatile memory and retained for future use. The resistor
array is comprised of 31 individual resistors connected in
series. At either end of the array and between each resistor
is an electronic switch that transfers the potential at that
point to the wiper.
The wiper, when at either fixed terminal, acts like its
mechanical equivalent and does not move beyond the last
position. That is, the counter does not wrap around when
clocked to either extreme.
The electronic switches on the device operate in a “make
before break” mode when the wiper changes tap positions. If
the wiper is moved several positions, multiple taps are
connected to the wiper for tIW (INC to VW change). The
RTOTAL value for the device can temporarily be reduced by
a significant amount if the wiper is moved several positions.
When the device is powered-down, the last wiper position
stored will be maintained in the nonvolatile memory. When
power is restored, the contents of the memory are recalled
and the wiper is set to the value last stored.
Instructions and Programming
The INC, U/D and CS inputs control the movement of the
wiper along the resistor array. With CS set LOW the device
is selected and enabled to respond to the U/D and INC
inputs. HIGH to LOW transitions on INC will increment or
decrement (depending on the state of the U/D input) a seven
bit counter. The output of this counter is decoded to select
one of thirty two wiper positions along the resistive array.
The value of the counter is stored in nonvolatile memory
whenever CS transitions HIGH while the INC input is also
HIGH.
VCC
CS
INC
U/D
RH/VH
VSS
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
X9313
8-Lead DIP/SOIC
RL/VL
RW/VW
VCC
CS
U/D
RH/VH1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
X9313
8-Lead MSOP
RL/VL
RW/VW
INC
VSS
TABLE 1. PIN NAMES
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
RH/VHHigh terminal
RW/VWWiper terminal
RL/VLLow terminal
VSS Ground
VCC Supply voltage
U/D Up/Down control input
INC Increment control input
CS Chip Select control input
X9313
3FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
The system may select the X9313, move the wiper and
deselect the device without having to store the latest wiper
position in nonvolatile memory. After the wiper movement is
performed as described above and once the new position is
reached, the system must keep INC LOW while taking CS
HIGH. The new wiper position will be maintained until
changed by the system or until a power-up/down cycle
recalled the previously stored data.
This procedure allows the system to always power-up to a
preset value stored in nonvolatile memory; then during
system operation minor adjustments could be made. The
adjustments might be based on user preference, system
parameter changes due to temperature drift, etc.
The state of U/D may be changed while CS remains LOW.
This allows the host system to enable the device and then
move the wiper up and down until the proper trim is attained.
Symbol Table
TABLE 2. MODE SELECTION
CS INC U/D MODE
L H Wiper up
L L Wiper down
H X Store wiper position
H X X Standby current
L X No store, return to standby
L H Wiper up (not recommended)
L L Wiper down (not recommended)
WAVEFORM INPUTS OUTPUTS
Must be
steady Will be
steady
May change
from Low to
High
Will change
from Low to
High
May change
from High to
Low
Will change
from High to
Low
Don’t Care:
Changes
Allowed
Changing:
State Not
Known
N/A Center Line
is High
Impedance
X9313
4FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
Absolute Maximum Ratings Recommended Operating Conditions
Temperature Under Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +135°C
Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Voltage on CS, INC, U/D, and
VCC with respect to VSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1V to +7V
Voltage on VH, VL, VW
with respect to VSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -6V to +7V
∆V = |VH - VL|:
X9313Z . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4V
X9313W, X9313U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10V
Lead Temperature (soldering 10 seconds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C
IW (10 seconds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .±8.8mA
Temperature:
Commercial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to +70°C
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to +85°C
Supply Voltage (VCC):
X9313 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5V ±10%
X9313-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3V to 5.5V
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional
operation of the device (at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification) is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Potentiometer Characteristics Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS/NOTES
LIMITS
UNITMIN TYP MAX
End-to-end resistance tolerance ±20 %
VVH VH terminal voltage -5 +5 V
VVL VL terminal voltage -5 +5 V
Power rating RTOTAL ≥ 10kΩ10 mW
RTOTAL ≥ 1kΩ16 mW
RWWiper resistance IW = 1mA, VCC = 5V 40 100 W
IWWiper current ±4.4 mA
Noise Ref: 1kHz -120 dBV
Resolution 3%
Absolute linearity (Note 1) RW(n)(actual) - RW(n)(expected) ±1 MI
(Note 3)
Relative linearity (Note 2) RW(n+1) - (RW(n)+MI) ±0.2 MI
(Note 3)
RTOTAL temperature coefficient ±300 ppm/°C
Ratiometric temperature coefficient ±20 ppm/°C
CH/CL/CWPotentiometer capacitances See Circuit #3 10/10/25 pF
NOTES:
1. Absolute linearity is utilized to determine actual wiper voltage versus expected voltage = (VW(n)(actual) - VW(n)(expected)) = ±1 MI maximum.
2. Relative linearity is a measure of the error in step size between taps = RW(n+1) - (RW(n) + MI) = ±0.2 MI.
3. 1 MI = minimum increment = RTOT / 31.
X9313
5FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
DC Operating Characteristics Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS/NOTES
LIMITS
UNITMIN
TYP
(Note 4) MAX
ICC VCC active current CS = VIL, U/D = VIL or VIH and INC =
0.42 / 2.4V @ max tCYC
13mA
ISB Standby supply current CS = VCC - 0.3V, U/D and INC = VSS or
VCC - 0.3V
200 500 µA
ILI CS, INC, U/D input leakage current VIN = VSS to VCC ±10 µA
VIH CS, INC, U/D input HIGH current 2 VCC + 1 V
VIL CS, INC, U/D input LOW current -1 +0.8 V
CIN CS, INC, U/D input capacitance VCC = 5V, VIN = VSS, TA = 25°C,
f = 1MHz
10 pF
NOTES:
4. Typical values are for TA = 25°C and nominal supply voltage.
5. This parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested.
Endurance and Data Retention
PARAMETER MIN UNIT
Minimum endurance 100,000 Data changes per bit
per register
Data retention 100 Years
FIGURE 1. TEST CIRCUIT #1 FIGURE 2. TEST CIRCUIT #2 FIGURE 3. CIRCUIT #3 SPICE MACRO
MODEL
TEST POINT
VW/RW
VH/RH
VL/RL
VSFORCE
CURRENT
VW
TEST POINT
VH/RH
VW/RW
VL/RL
CHCL
RW
10pF
10pF
RHRL
RTOTAL
CW
25pF
AC Conditions of Test
Input pulse levels 0V to 3V
Input rise and fall times 10ns
Input reference levels 1.5V
X9313
6FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
Power-Up and -Down Requirements
The recommended power-up sequence is to apply VCC/VSS
first, then the potentiometer voltages. During power-up, the
data sheet parameters for the DCP do not fully apply until 1
millisecond after VCC reaches its final value. The VCC ramp
spec is always in effect. In order to prevent unwanted tap
position changes, or an inadvertent store, bring the CS and
INC high before or concurrently with the VCC pin on power-
up.
AC Timing
AC Operating Characteristics Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
SYMBOL PARAMETER
LIMITS
UNITMIN
TYP
(Note 6) MAX
tCI CS to INC setup 100 ns
tID INC HIGH to U/D change 100 ns
tDI U/D to INC setup 2.9 µs
tIL INC LOW period 1 µs
tIH INC HIGH period 1 µs
tIC INC inactive to CS inactive 1 µs
tCPH CS deselect time (STORE) 20 ms
tCPH CS deselect time (NO STORE) 100 ns
tIW INC to VW change 1 5 µs
tCYC INC cycle time 4 µs
tR, tF (Note 7) INC input rise and fall time 500 µs
tPU (Note 7) Power-up to wiper stable 5µs
tR VCC (Note 7) VCC power-up rate 0.2 50 V/ms
tWR Store cycle 510ms
NOTES:
6. Typical values are for TA = 25°C and nominal supply voltage.
7. This parameter is not 100% tested.
CS
INC
U/D
VW
tCI tIL tIH
tCYC
tID tDI
tIW
MI (SEE NOTE)
tIC tCPH
tFtR
10%
90% 90%
NOTE:
MI IN THE AC TIMING DIAGRAM REFERS TO THE MINIMUM INCREMENTAL CHANGE IN THE VW OUTPUT DUE TO A CHANGE IN THE WIPER POSITION.
X9313
7FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
Applications Information
Electronic digitally controlled potentiometers (XDCP) provide
three powerful application advantages; (1) the variability and
reliability of a solid-state potentiometer, (2) the flexibility of
computer-based digital controls, and (3) the retentivity of
nonvolatile memory used for the storage of multiple
potentiometer settings or data.
Basic Configurations of Electronic Potentiometers
Basic Circuits
VR
VW/RW
VR
I
THREE-TERMINAL POTENTIOMETER;
VARIABLE VOLTAGE DIVIDER TWO-TERMINAL VARIABLE RESISTOR;
VARIABLE CURRENT
VH
VL
CASCADING TECHNIQUESBUFFERED REFERENCE VOLTAGE
–
+
+5V
R1
+V
-5V
VW
VREF VOUT
OP-07
VW
VW/RW
+V
+V +V
X
(a) (b)
VOUT = VW/RW
NONINVERTING AMPLIFIER
+
–
VSVO
R2
R1
VO = (1 + R2 / R1)VS
LM308A
VOLTAGE REGULATOR
R1
R2
Iadj
VO (REG) = 1.25V (1 + R2 / R1) + IADJ R2
VO (REG)VIN 317
OFFSET VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT
+
–
VS
VO
R2
R1
100kΩ
10kΩ10kΩ
10kΩ
-12V+12V
TL072
COMPARATOR WITH HYSTERESIS
VUL = [R1 / (R1 + R2)] VO(max)
VLL = [R1 / (R1 + R2)] VO(min)
+
–
VSVO
R2
R1
}
}
LT311A
+5V
-5V
(for additional circuits see AN115)
X9313
8FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
Packaging Information
0.118 ± 0.002
(3.00 ± 0.05)
0.040 ± 0.002
(1.02 ± 0.05)
0.150 (3.81)
Ref.
0.193 (4.90)
0.030 (0.76)
0.036 (0.91)
0.032 (0.81)
0.007 (0.18)
0.005 (0.13)
0.008 (0.20)
0.004 (0.10)
0.0216 (0.55)
7° Typ.
R 0.014 (0.36)
0.118 ± 0.002
(3.00 ± 0.05)
0.012 + 0.006 / -0.002
(0.30 + 0.15 / -0.05) 0.0256 (0.65) Typ.
8-LEAD MINIATURE SMALL OUTLINE GULL WING PACKAGE TYPE M
NOTE ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES AND (MILLIMETERS
0.220"
0.0256" Typical
0.025"
Typical
0.020"
Typical
8 PlacesFOOTPRINT
Ref.
X9313
9FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
Packaging Information
0.150 (3.80)
0.158 (4.00) 0.228 (5.80)
0.244 (6.20)
0.014 (0.35)
0.019 (0.49)
Pin 1
Pin 1 Index
0.010 (0.25)
0.020 (0.50)
0.050 (1.27)
0.188 (4.78)
0.197 (5.00)
0.004 (0.19)
0.010 (0.25)
0.053 (1.35)
0.069 (1.75)
(4X) 7°
0.016 (0.410)
0.037 (0.937)
0.0075 (0.19)
0.010 (0.25)
0° - 8°
X 45°
8-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE GULL WING PACKAGE TYPE S
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS)
0.250"
0.050"Typical
0.050"
Typical
0.030"
Typical
8 PlacesFOOTPRINT
X9313
10
All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.
Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
FN8177.1
August 5, 2005
Ordering Information
VCC Limits
Blank = 4.5V to 5.5V
3 = 3V to 5.5V
Pb-Free Option
Blank = SnPb product
Z = Pb-free product
Temperature Range
Blank = Commercial = 0°C to +70°C
I = Industrial = -40°C to +85°C
Package
M = 8-Lead MSOP
P = 8-Lead Plastic DIP
S = 8-Lead SOIC
End-to-End Resistance
Z = 1kΩ
W =10kΩ
U = 50kΩ
X9313X XXXX
Physical Characteristics
Markings include:
Manufacturer's Trademark
Resistance Value or Code
Date Code
X9313
