Order this document by LM311/D
Device Operating
Temperature Range Package
SEMICONDUCTOR
TECHNICAL DATA
HIGH PERFORMANCE
VOLTAGE COMPARATORS
ORDERING INFORMATION
LM211D
LM311D
LM311N
TA = 25° to +85°C
TA = 0° to +70°C
SO–8
SO–8
Plastic DIP
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751
(SO–8)
N SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 626
8
1
81
Gnd
Inputs
VEE
VCC
Output
Balance/Strobe
Balance
(Top View)
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
PIN CONNECTIONS
+
–
1
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
The ability to operate from a single power supply of 5.0 V to 30 V or ±15 V
split supplies, as commonly used with operational amplifiers, makes the
LM211/LM311 a truly versatile comparator. Moreover, the inputs of the
device can be isolated from system ground while the output can drive loads
referenced either to ground, the VCC or the VEE supply . This flexibility makes
it possible to drive DTL, RTL, TTL, or MOS logic. The output can also switch
voltages to 50 V at currents to 50 mA. Thus the LM211/LM31 1 can be used to
drive relays, lamps or solenoids.
Typical Comparator Design Configurations
Split Power Supply with Offset Balance Single Supply
Ground–Referred Load
Load Referred to Positive Supply Strobe Capability
–
Output
VEE
Inputs
VCC
RL
1
2
3
4
567
8
5.0 k
3.0 k
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
Output
Output
Output
Output
Output
RL
RL
RL
RL
RL
Inputs
Inputs
Inputs
Inputs
Inputs
VEE
VEE
VEE
VEE
VEE
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
7
8
1
Input polarity is reversed when
Gnd pin is used as an output.
7
1
8
87
61
1.0 k
TTL Strobe
1
7
8
Load Referred to Negative Supply
1
7
8
Input polarity is reversed when
Gnd pin is used as an output.
–
+
+
+
+
+
+
–
–
–
–
Motorola, Inc. 1996 Rev 5
LM311 LM211
2MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Rating Symbol LM211 LM311 Unit
Total Supply V oltage VCC +VEE36 36 Vdc
Output to Negative Supply Voltage VO –VEE 50 40 Vdc
Ground to Negative Supply Voltage VEE 30 30 Vdc
Input Differential Voltage VID ±30 ±30 Vdc
Input Voltage (Note 2) Vin ±15 ±15 Vdc
Voltage at Strobe Pin – VCC to VCC–5 VCC to VCC–5 Vdc
Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics
Plastic DIP PD625 mW
Derate Above TA = +25°C 1/θJA 5.0 mW/°C
Operating Ambient Temperature Range TA–25 to +85 0 to +70 °C
Operating Junction Temperature TJ(max) +150 +150 °C
Storage Temperature Range Tstg –65 to +150 –65 to +150 °C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +15 V, VEE = –15 V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted [Note 1].)
Ch i i
Sbl
LM211 LM311
Ui
Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
Input Offset Voltage (Note 3) VIO mV
RS ≤ 50 kΩ, TA = +25°C – 0.7 3.0 – 2.0 7.5
RS ≤ 50 kΩ, Tlow ≤ TA ≤ Thigh* – – 4.0 – – 10
Input Offset Current (Note 3) TA = +25°C IIO –1.7 10 – 1.7 50 nA
Tlow ≤ TA ≤ Thigh* – – 20 – – 70
Input Bias Current TA = +25°C IIB –45 100 – 45 250 nA
Tlow ≤ TA ≤ Thigh* – – 150 – – 300
Voltage Gain AV40 200 – 40 200 – V/mV
Response T ime (Note 4) – 200 – – 200 – ns
Saturation Voltage VOL V
VID ≤ –5.0 mV, IO = 50 mA, TA = 25°C – 0.75 1.5 – – –
VID ≤–10 mV, IO = 50 mA, TA = 25°C – – – – 0.75 1.5
VCC ≥ 4.5 V, VEE = 0, Tlow ≤ TA ≤ Thigh*
VID
6
≤6.0 mV, Isink ≤ 8.0 mA – 0.23 0.4 – – –
VID
6
≤10 mV, Isink ≤ 8.0 mA – – – – 0.23 0.4
Strobe ”On” Current (Note 5) IS– 3.0 – – 3.0 – mA
Output Leakage Current
VID ≥5.0 mV, VO= 35 V, TA = 25°C, Istrobe= 3.0 mA – 0.2 10 – – – nA
VID ≥10 mV, VO= 35 V, TA = 25°C, Istrobe= 3.0 mA – – – – 0.2 50 nA
VID ≥5.0 mV, VO= 35 V, Tlow ≤ TA ≤ Thigh* – 0.1 0.5 – – – µA
Input Voltage Range (Tlow ≤ TA ≤ Thigh*) VICR –14.5 –14.7 to
13.8 +13.0 –14.5 –14.7 to
13.8 +13.0 V
Positive Supply Current ICC –+2.4 +6.0 – +2.4 +7.5 mA
Negative Supply Current IEE ––1.3 –5.0 – –1.3 –5.0 mA
* Tlow = –25°C for LM211 Thigh = +85°C for LM211
= 0°C for LM311 = +70°C for LM311
NOTES: 1.Offset voltage, of fset current and bias current specifications apply for a supply voltage range from a single 5.0 V supply up to ±15 V supplies.
2.This rating applies for ±15 V supplies. The positive input voltage limit is 30 V above the negative supply. The negative input voltage limit is equal to the
negative supply voltage or 30 V below the positive supply, whichever is less.
3.The offset voltages and of fset currents given are the maximum values required to drive the output within a volt of either supply with a 1.0 mA load. Thus,
these parameters define an error band and take into account the ”worst case” effects of voltage gain and input impedance.
4.The response time specified is for a 100 mV input step with 5.0 mV overdrive.
5.Do not short the strobe pin to ground; it should be current driven at 3.0 mA to 5.0 mA.
LM311 LM211
3
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Figure 1. Circuit Schematic
Figure 2. Input Bias Current
versus Temperature Figure 3. Input Offset Current
versus Temperature
Figure 4. Input Bias Current versus
Differential Input Voltage Figure 5. Common Mode Limits
versus Temperature
TA, TEMPERATURE (
°
C) TA, TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
DIFFERENTIAL INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IIB , INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)
IIO , INPUT OFFSET CURRENT (nA)COMMON MODE LIMITS (V)
140
120
100
80
40
0
140
120
100
80
40
0
60
20
–55 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
–16 –12 –8.0 –4.0 0 4.0 8.0 12 16
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
–55 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
–55 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
VCC
–0.5
–1.0
–1.5
0.4
0.2
VEE
8
7
1
4VEE
Gnd
Output
VCC
5.0 k
200
600
3.0 k
300
900
800
5.4 k
1.3 k
250
800800
100
3.7 k
730 340
3.7 k
3005
6300
2
3
Inputs 1.3 k
1.3 k
1.3 k
Balance
Balance/Strobe
TA, TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
Normal
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
IIB , INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)
Referred to Supply Voltages
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
TA = +25
°
C
Normal
Pins 5 & 6 Tied
to VCC
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
Pins 5 & 6 Tied
to VCC
LM311 LM211
4MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Figure 6. Response Time for
Various Input Overdrives Figure 7. Response Time for
Various Input Overdrives
Figure 8. Response Time for
Various Input Overdrives Figure 9. Response Time for
Various Input Overdrives
Figure 10. Output Short Circuit Current
Characteristics and Power Dissipation Figure 11. Output Saturation Voltage
versus Output Current
tTLH, RESPONSE TIME (
µ
s) tTHL, RESPONSE TIME (
µ
s)
tTLH, RESPONSE TIME (
µ
s) tTHL, RESPONSE TIME (
µ
s)
VO, OUTPUT VOLT AGE (V) IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Vin INPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
,VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Vin INPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
,VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Vin INPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
,VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Vin INPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
,VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT SHOR T CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)
VOL, SATURATION VOLTAGE (V)
PD, POWER DISSIPA TION (W)
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
0
50
100
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
–100
–50
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
15
10
5.0
0
–5.0
–10
–15
0
–50
–100
0 1.0 2.0 0 1.0 2.0
15
10
5.0
0
–5.0
–10
–15
0
50
100
150
125
100
75
50
25
00 5.0 10 15
0.90
0.75
0.60
0.45
0.30
0.15
0
0.90
0.75
0.60
0.45
0.30
0.15
00 8.0 16 24 32 40 48 56
TA = +25
°
C
TA = –55
°
C
TA = +25
°
C
TA = +125
°
C
5.0 mV
20 mV
2.0 mV
Vin
+5.0 V
500
Ω
VO
*
)
+5.0 V
500
Ω
VO
Vin
20 mV
5.0 mV
20 mV 5.0 mV
2.0 mV
Vin VCC
VO
2.0 k
VEE
*
)
20 mV
5.0 mV 2.0 mV Vin
VCC
VO
2.0 k
VEE
*
)
*
)
Power Dissipation
Short Circuit Current
2.0 mV
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
TA = +25
°
C
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
TA = +25
°
C
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
TA = +25
°
C
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
TA = +25
°
C
LM311 LM211
5
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
8
8
Figure 12. Output Leakage Current
versus Temperature Figure 13. Power Supply Current
versus Supply Voltage
Figure 14. Power Supply Current
versus Temperature
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Figure 15. Improved Method of Adding
Hysteresis Without Applying Positive
Feedback to the Inputs Figure 16. Conventional Technique
for Adding Hysteresis
OUTPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT (mA)
POWER SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
TA, TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
TA, TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
VCC–VEE, POWER SUPPLY VOL TAGE (V)
100
10
1.0
0.1
0.01
25 45 65 85 105 125
3.6
3.0
2.4
1.8
1.2
0.6
00 5.0 10 15 20 25 30
2.2
1.8
1.4
1.0
–55 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Positive and Negative Supply – Output High
Postive Supply – Output Low
+15 V
823.0 k
33 k
5.0 k
C1
0.002
µ
F
6
2
R1
R2
C2
Input
34
1
7
–15 V
5
4.7 k
LM311
0.1
µ
F
Output
+
–
0.1
µ
F
+15 V
3.0 k
5.0 k
C1
6
3
R1
R2
C2
Input
24
1
7
–15 V
5
4.7 k
LM311
0.1
µ
F
Output
+
–
0.1
µ
F
510 k
1.0 M
100
100
3.0
2.6
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
TA = +25
°
C
Output VO = +50 V (LM11/211 only)
Positive Supply – Output Low
Positive and Negative Power Supply – Output H igh
VCC = +15 V
VEE = –15 V
LM311 LM211
6MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
TECHNIQUES FOR AVOIDING OSCILLATIONS IN COMPARATOR APPLICATIONS
When a high speed comparator such as the LM21 1 is used
with high speed input signals and low source impedances,
the output response will normally be fast and stable,
providing the power supplies have been bypassed (with 0.1 µF
disc capacitors), and that the output signal is routed well
away from the inputs (Pins 2 and 3) and also away from Pins
5 and 6.
However , when the input signal is a voltage ramp or a slow
sine wave, or if the signal source impedance is high (1.0 kΩ
to 100 kΩ), the comparator may burst into oscillation near the
crossing–point. This is due to the high gain and wide
bandwidth of comparators like the LM211 series. To avoid
oscillation or instability in such a usage, several precautions
are recommended, as shown in Figure 15.
The trim pins (Pins 5 and 6) act as unwanted auxiliary
inputs. If these pins are not connected to a trim–pot, they
should be shorted together. If they are connected to a
trim–pot, a 0.01 µF capacitor (C1) between Pins 5 and 6 will
minimize the susceptibility to AC coupling. A smaller
capacitor is used if Pin 5 is used for positive feedback as in
Figure 15. For the fastest response time, tie both balance
pins to VCC.
Certain sources will produce a cleaner comparator output
waveform if a 100 pF to 1000 pF capacitor (C2) is connected
directly across the input pins. When the signal source is
applied through a resistive network, R1, it is usually
advantageous to choose R2 of the same value, both for DC
and for dynamic (AC) considerations. Carbon, tin–oxide, and
metal–film resistors have all been used with good results in
comparator input circuitry, but inductive wirewound resistors
should be avoided.
When comparator circuits use input resistors (e.g.,
summing resistors), their value and placement are
particularly important. In all cases the body of the resistor
should be close to the device or socket. In other words, there
should be a very short lead length or printed–circuit foil run
between comparator and resistor to radiate or pick up
signals. The same applies to capacitors, pots, etc. For
example, if R1 = 10 kΩ, as little as 5 inches of lead between
the resistors and the input pins can result in oscillations that
are very hard to dampen. Twisting these input leads tightly is
the best alternative to placing resistors close to the
comparator.
Since feedback to almost any pin of a comparator can
result in oscillation, the printed–circuit layout should be
engineered thoughtfully. Preferably there should be a
groundplane under the LM211 circuitry (e.g., one side of a
double layer printed circuit board). Ground, positive supply or
negative supply foil should extend between the output and
the inputs to act as a guard. The foil connections for the
inputs should be as small and compact as possible, and
should be essentially surrounded by ground foil on all sides to
guard against capacitive coupling from any fast high–level
signals (such as the output). If Pins 5 and 6 are not used, they
should be shorted together. If they are connected to a
trim–pot, the trim–pot should be located no more than a few
inches away from the LM211, and a 0.01 µF capacitor should
be installed across Pins 5 and 6. If this capacitor cannot be
used, a shielding printed–circuit foil may be advisable
between Pins 6 and 7. The power supply bypass capacitors
should be located within a couple inches of the LM211.
A standard procedure is to add hysteresis to a comparator
to prevent oscillation, and to avoid excessive noise on the
output. In the circuit of Figure 16, the feedback resistor of
510 kΩ from the output to the positive input will cause about
3.0 mV of hysteresis. However, if R2 is larger than 100 Ω,
such as 50 kΩ, it would not be practical to simply increase the
value of the positive feedback resistor proportionally above
510 kΩ to maintain the same amount of hysteresis.
When both inputs of the LM211 are connected to active
signals, or if a high–impedance signal is driving the positive
input of the LM211 so that positive feedback would be
disruptive, the circuit of Figure 15 is ideal. The positive
feedback is applied to Pin 5 (one of the offset adjustment
pins). This will be sufficient to cause 1.0 mV to 2.0 mV
hysteresis and sharp transitions with input triangle waves
from a few Hz to hundreds of kHz. The positive–feedback
signal across the 82 Ω resistor swings 240 mV below the
positive supply. This signal is centered around the nominal
voltage at Pin 5, so this feedback does not add to the offset
voltage of the comparator. As much as 8.0 mV of offset
voltage can be trimmed out, using the 5.0 kΩ pot and 3.0 kΩ
resistor as shown.
Figure 17. Zero–Crossing Detector
Driving CMOS Logic Figure 18. Relay Driver with Strobe Capability
VCC = +15 V
3.0 k
10 k
VCC
5.0 k
LM311
Inputs
VEE
VEE = –15 V
Output
to CMOS Logic
Balance
Adjust
Balance
Input
Gnd
*D1
VCC2
VCC1
VEE
VEE VCC
Output
Inputs LM311
Gnd
1.0 k
Q1
Balance/Strobe
2N2222
or Equiv *Zener Diode D1
protects the comparator
from inductive kickback
and voltage transients
on the VCC2 supply line.
TTL
Strobe
+
+
LM311 LM211
7
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
NOTES:
1. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEAD WHEN
FORMED PARALLEL.
2. PACKAGE CONTOUR OPTIONAL (ROUND OR
SQUARE CORNERS).
3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
14
58
F
NOTE 2 –A–
–B–
–T–
SEATING
PLANE
H
J
GDK
N
C
L
M
M
A
M
0.13 (0.005) B M
T
DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
INCHESMILLIMETERS
A9.40 10.16 0.370 0.400
B6.10 6.60 0.240 0.260
C3.94 4.45 0.155 0.175
D0.38 0.51 0.015 0.020
F1.02 1.78 0.040 0.070
G2.54 BSC 0.100 BSC
H0.76 1.27 0.030 0.050
J0.20 0.30 0.008 0.012
K2.92 3.43 0.115 0.135
L7.62 BSC 0.300 BSC
M––– 10 ––– 10
N0.76 1.01 0.030 0.040
__
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751–05
(SO–8)
ISSUE R
N SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 626–05
ISSUE K
SEATING
PLANE
14
58
A0.25 MCBSS
0.25 MBM
h
q
C
X 45
_
L
DIM MIN MAX
MILLIMETERS
A1.35 1.75
A1 0.10 0.25
B0.35 0.49
C0.18 0.25
D4.80 5.00
E1.27 BSCe3.80 4.00
H5.80 6.20
h
0 7
L0.40 1.25
q
0.25 0.50
__
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME
Y14.5M, 1994.
2. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
3. DIMENSION D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 PER SIDE.
5. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 TOTAL IN EXCESS
OF THE B DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL
CONDITION.
D
EH
A
Be
B
A1
CA
0.10
LM311 LM211
8MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
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the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and
specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola
data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”
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LM311/D
*LM311/D*
◊
