MIC2215 Micrel MIC2215 Triple High PSRR, Low Noise Cap LDO General Description Features The MIC2215 is a high performance, triple LDO voltage regulator, with each regulator capable of providing 250mA continuous output current. Ideal for battery operated applications, the MIC2215 offers 1% initial accuracy, extremely low dropout voltage (100mV@ 150mA), and low ground current at light load (typically 110A per regulator). Equipped with a noise bypass pin and featuring very high power supply ripple rejection (PSRR) of up to 80dB, the MIC2215 provides the lowest noise and highest efficiency solution for RF applications in portable electronics such as cellular phones and wireless LAN applications. Equipped with TTL logic-compatible enable pins, each of the regulators in the MIC2215 can be put into a zero current off mode where the supply current is much less than 1A when all the regulators are disabled. The MIC2215 is a Cap design, which enables a stable output with small ceramic output capacitors, reducing both cost and required board space for output bypassing. The MIC2215 is available in the miniature 16-pin, 4mm x 4mm MLFTM package. All support documentation can be found on Micrel's web site at www.micrel.com. * * * * * * * * * * * Input voltage range: +2.25V to +5.5V 70dB PSRR Stable with ceramic output capacitor High output accuracy: - 1.0% initial accuracy - 2.0% over temperature Low dropout voltage of 100mV@150mA Low quiescent current: 110A per regulator Fast turn-on time: 30s Zero off-mode current Thermal shutdown protection Current-limit protection Tiny 16-pin (4mm x 4mm) MLFTM package Applications * * * * * Cellular phones PCs and peripherals Wireless LAN cards PDAs GPS Typical Application MIC2215-xxxBML VIN1 VOUT1 Rx Chain VIN2 VOUT2 Tx Chain VIN3 VOUT3 OFF ON EN1 OFF ON EN2 OFF ON EN3 CIN = 1F Ceramic Synth/TCXO/VCO CBYP GND COUT = 1F Ceramic MicroLeadFrame and MLF are trademarks of Amkor Technology. Micrel, Inc. * 1849 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 * http://www.micrel.com April 2004 1 M9999-042704 MIC2215 Micrel Ordering Information Voltage(1) VO1/VO2/VO3 Junction Temperature Range Package MIC2215-PMMBML 3.0V/2.8V/2.8V -40C to +125C 16-Pin MLFTM MIC2215-PPPBML 3.0/V3.0V/3.0V -40C to +125C 16-Pin MLFTM MIC2215-AAABML Adj./Adj./Adj. -40C to +125C 16-Pin MLFTM Part Number Note: 1. For other voltage options, contact Micrel, Inc. Voltage Code Adj. A 1.5 F 1.6 W 1.8 G 1.85 D 1.9 Y 2.0 H 2.1 E 2.5 J 2.6 K 2.65 I 2.7 L 2.8 M 2.85 N 2.9 O 3.0 P 3.1 Q 3.2 R 3.3 S 3.4 T 3.5 U 3.6 V Table 1. Voltage Codes M9999-042704 2 April 2004 MIC2215 Micrel OUT1 NC OUT3 OUT3 OUT1 ADJ1 ADJ3 OUT3 Pin Configuration 16 15 14 13 16 15 14 13 12 VIN3 OUT1 1 2 11 10 9 GND GND BYP VIN1 3 4 VIN2 OUT2 OUT1 1 VIN1 VIN2 OUT2 12 VIN3 2 11 3 4 10 9 GND GND BYP 5 6 7 8 ADJ2 EN1 EN2 EN3 OUT2 EN1 EN2 EN3 5 6 7 8 MIC2215-AAABML (ML) (Adjustable) MIC2215-xxxBML (ML) (Fixed) Pin Description Fixed Output Adj. Output Pin Number VOUT1 VOUT1 1 Output voltage of regulator 1 (250mA). Connect externally to pin 16. VIN1 VIN1 2 Supply input of regulator 1 (highest input voltage required for common circuitry). VIN2 VIN2 3 Supply input of regulator 2. VOUT2 VOUT2 4 Output voltage of regulator 2 (250mA). For fixed output device, connect pins 4 and 5 externally. VOUT2 -- 5 Output voltage of regulator 2 (250mA). For fixed output device, connect pins 4 and 5 externally. -- ADJ2 5 Adjust Input. Feedback input for regulator 2. EN1 EN1 6 Enable input to regulator 1. Enables regulator 1 output. Active high input. High = on, low = off. EN2 EN2 7 Enable input to regulator 2. Enables regulator 2 output. Active high input. High = on, low = off. EN3 EN3 8 Enable input to regulator 3. Enables regulator 3 output. Active high input. High = on, low = off. CBYP CBYP 9 Reference Bypass: Connect external 0.01F to GND to reduce output noise. May be left open. GND GND 10 Ground. GND GND 11 Ground. VIN3 VIN3 12 Supply input of regulator 3. VOUT3 VOUT3 13 Output voltage of regulator 3 (250mA). For fixed output device, connect pins 13 and 14 externally. VOUT3 -- 14 Output voltage of regulator 3 (250mA). For fixed output device, connect pins 13 and 14 externally. -- ADJ3 14 Adjust Input. Feedback input for regulator 3. N/C -- 15 No Connect. Not internally connected. -- ADJ1 15 Adjust Input. Feedback input for regulator 1. VOUT1 VOUT1 16 Output voltage of regulator 1 (250mA). Connect externally to pin 1. GND GND Exposed Pad April 2004 Pin Function Ground. 3 M9999-042704 MIC2215 Micrel Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Supply Input Voltage (VIN) .................................. 0V to +7V Enable Input Voltage (VEN) ................................. 0V to +7V Power Dissipation (PD) ........................ Internally Limited(3) Junction Temperature (TJ) ....................... -40C to +125C Storage Temperature (TS) ......................... -65C to 150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 5 sec.) ....................... 260C Supply Input Voltage (VIN1) ..................................................... +2.25V to +5.5V (VIN2, VIN3) ............................................... +2.25V to VIN1 Enable Input Voltage (VEN) ................................. 0V to VIN1 Junction Temperature (TJ) ....................... -40C to +125C Package Thermal Resistance MLFTM (JA) ......................................................... 45C/W Electrical Characteristics(4) VIN1 = VIN2 = VIN3 = VOUT (highest nominal) +1.0V; COUT = 1.0F, IOUT = 100A; TJ = 25C, bold values indicate -40C to + 125C; unless noted. Parameter Conditions Min Output Voltage Accuracy Typ -1.0 -2.0 Output Voltage Temp. Coefficient Max Units +1.0 +2.0 % % 40 ppm/C Line Regulation VIN = VOUT +1V to 5.5V 0.015 0.3 %/V Load Regulation IOUT = 100A to 250mA 0.3 0.5 % Dropout Voltage IOUT = 100A 2 mV IOUT = 50mA 32 mV IOUT = 100mA 63 mV IOUT = 150mA 100 150 mV IOUT = 250mA 170 275 mV IOUT1 = IOUT2 = IOUT3 = 100A 280 400 A IOUT1 = 100A; IOUT2/IOUT3 = off 110 150 A IOUT1 = IOUT2 = IOUT3 = 250mA 420 550 A Quiescent Current VEN1 = VEN2 = VEN3 = 0V 0.2 1 A Ripple Rejection VIN = VOUT + 1.0V; IOUT = 150mA, f = 0.1kHz to 1kHz, CBYP = 0.1F 70 dB VIN = VOUT + 0.4V; IOUT = 150mA, f = 0.1kHz to 1kHz, CBYP = 0.1F 60 dB VIN = VOUT + 0.2V, IOUT = 150mA, f = 0.1kHz to 1kHz, CBYP = 0.1F 45 dB 700 mA Vrms Ground Current Current Limit VOUT = 0V (All regulators) 350 Output Voltage Noise CBYP = 0.1F, f =10Hz to 100kHz 30 Turn-On Time CBYP = 0.01F 30 100 s 0.4 V Enable Input Enable Input Voltage Logic Low (Regulator shutdown) Logic High (Regulator enabled) Enable Input Current 1.5 V VIL < 0.4V (Regulator shutdown) 1.0 A VIH > 1.5V (Regulator enabled) 0.01 A Notes: 1. Exceeding maximum ratings may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to work outside its operating ratings. 3. The maximum allowable power dissipation of any TA (ambient temperature) is PD(max) = (TJ(max) - TA) / JA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will result in excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. 4. Specification for packaged product only. M9999-042704 4 April 2004 MIC2215 Micrel Typical Characteristics TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted. 140 LOAD = 100mA 140 GROUND CURRENT (A) GROUND CURRENT (A) 160 120 LOAD = 50mA 100 Ground Current vs. Temperature for LDO 2 LOAD = 0mA 80 60 40 20 80 LOAD = 50mA LOAD = 0mA 60 40 20 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) 100 60 40 20 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) Output Voltage vs. Temperature for LDO 2 Output Voltage vs. Temperature for LDO 3 3.02 3.02 3.02 3.00 2.99 2.98 2.97 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) 3.00 2.99 2.98 2.97 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature for LDO 1 2.99 2.98 2.97 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature for LDO 3 150mA LOAD 50 50mA LOAD VOUT = 3V 200 250mA LOAD 150 100 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) Enable Threshold vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 1 50 50mA LOAD VOUT = 3V 250mA LOAD 150 150mA LOAD 100 Enable Threshold vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 2 Enable OFF 0.6 0.4 0.2 3 3.75 4.5 5.25 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 1.2 Enable ON 1 0.8 Enable OFF 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 2.25 50mA LOAD VOUT = 3V 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) 1.4 3 3.75 4.5 5.25 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5 ENABLE THRESHOLD (V) 0.8 ENABLE THRESHOLD (V) Enable ON 50 Enable Threshold vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 3 1.4 1 0 2.25 150mA LOAD 200 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) 1.4 1.2 250 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 150 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 250mA LOAD ENABLE THRESHOLD (V) 3.00 250 200 April 2004 3.01 Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature for LDO 2 250 100 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.03 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.03 3.01 LOAD = 50mA 80 LOAD = 0mA 3.03 3.01 LOAD = 100mA 120 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) Output Voltage vs. Temperature for LDO 1 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 140 LOAD = 100mA 120 100 Ground Current vs. Temperature for LDO 3 GROUND CURRENT (A) Ground Current vs. Temperature for LDO 1 1.2 Enable ON 1 0.8 Enable OFF 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 2.25 3 3.75 4.5 5.25 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) M9999-042704 MIC2215 Micrel Ground Current vs. Load Current for LDO 1 160 140 140 LDO 2 15 10 LDO 3 CBYP = 0.1F 80 60 40 20 0 0 3 3.75 4.5 5.25 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 140 3.015 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.020 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.020 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 3.005 3.000 2.995 2.990 2.985 2.980 0 3.010 3.005 3.000 2.995 2.990 2.985 2.980 0 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current for LDO 3 120 100 80 60 40 20 150mA GROUND CURRENT (A) 140 120 60 40 20 0 0 M9999-042704 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 3.005 3.000 2.995 2.990 2.985 2.980 0 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current for LDO 2 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 2 200 100 80 100A 60 40 20 0 0 Load Regulation LDO 2 3.010 Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 1 250mA 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 3.015 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 180 160 80 20 160 140 160 100 40 180 200 120 60 160 180 140 80 180 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 100 3.020 Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current for LDO 1 Load Regulation LDO 3 3.015 Load Regulation LDO 1 3.010 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) GROUND CURRENT (A) Ground Current vs. Load Current for LDO 3 160 120 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 25 20 100 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) LDO 1 120 VOUT = 3V 1 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 6 GROUND CURRENT (A) 35 30 GROUND CURRENT (A) 160 45 40 5 0 2.25 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) Ground Current vs. Load Current for LDO 2 50 GROUND CURRENT (A) DELAY (s) Enable Delay vs. Supply Voltage 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 250mA 150mA 100A VOUT = 3V 1 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) April 2004 MIC2215 Micrel Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 3 Output Voltage vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 1 3.5 100 80 100A 60 40 VOUT = 3V Output Voltage vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 3 1 -80 -70 2.5 0.5 0 0 10mA 250mA 250mA -60 1V 1.5 1 0 200mV CBYP = 0.1F VIN = VOUT + V ILOAD = 150mA 10K 100K 1K FREQUENCY (Hz) 1 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Power Supply Rejection Ratio vs. CBYPASS CBYP = 1F CBYP = 0.1F CBYP = 10nF 70 80 -30 0 100 0 90 1.0V V 400mV -50 200mV V -10 10mA 250mA 0.5 V 400mV V 1.2V 2V V 600mV -40 100A 2 1 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) -20 1 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 3 2.5 Power Supply Rejection Ratio 3VOUT 3 1.5 10mA 0.5 -90 2 100A 100A 1.5 3.5 PSRR (dB) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 150mA 3 2.5 PSRR (dB) 140 120 1 3.5 250mA 180 160 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) GROUND CURRENT (A) 200 20 0 0 Output Voltage vs. Supply Voltage for LDO 2 60 50 40 CBYP = 1nF CBYP = 0 30 20 10 1M 0 100 VIN = VOUT +1V ILOAD = 150mA 1K 10K 100K 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) Power Supply Rejection Ratio 80 PSRR (dB) 70 60 LDO 1 LDO 2 50 LDO 3 40 30 20 10 0 100 April 2004 VIN = VOUT + 1V CBYP = 0.1F ILOAD = 150mA 1K 10K 100K FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 7 M9999-042704 MIC2215 Micrel Functional Diagram VIN1 VIN1 VOUT1 EN1 VOUT1 EN1 Current Limit Current Limit Error Amp Error Amp ADJ1 VOUT2 VIN2 VIN2 Current Limit EN2 VOUT2 Current Limit EN2 Error Amp Error Amp ADJ2 VOUT3 VIN3 VIN3 Current Limit EN3 VOUT3 Current Limit EN3 Error Amp Error Amp GND GND ADJ3 Thermal Limit VREF QuickStart Thermal Limit BYP MIC2215 Block Diagram (Adjustable) QuickStart BYP MIC2215 Block Diagram (Fixed) The MIC2215 is specifically designed to work with low-ESR ceramic capacitors, reducing the amount of board space necessary for power applications, which is critical in handheld wireless devices. General Description The MIC2215 is a triple, low noise CMOS LDO. Designed specifically for noise-critical applications in handheld or battery-powered devices, the MIC2215 comes equipped with a noise reduction feature to filter the output noise via an external capacitor. Other features of the MIC2215 include a separate logic compatible enable pin for each channel, current limit, thermal shutdown, and ultra-fast transient response, all within a small MLFTM package. M9999-042704 VREF 8 April 2004 MIC2215 Micrel Multiple Input Supplies The MIC2215 can be used with multiple input supplies when desired. The only requirement, aside from maintaining the voltages within the operating ranges, is that VIN1 always remains the highest voltage potential. No-Load Stability The MIC2215 will remain stable and in regulation with no load, unlike many other voltage regulators. This is especially important in CMOS RAM keep-alive applications. Thermal Considerations The MIC2215 is designed to provide up to 250mA of current per channel in a very small package. Maximum power dissipation can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage drop across the part. To determine the maximum power dissipation of the package, use the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the device and the following basic equation: PD (max) = (TJ (max) - TA) / JA (max) TJ is the maximum junction temperature of the die, 125C, and TA is the ambient operating temperature. JA is layout dependent; Table 2 shows examples of the junctionto-ambient thermal resistance for the MIC2215. Applications Information Enable/Shutdown The MIC2215 comes with three active-high enable pins that allow control of each individual regulator to be either disabled or enabled. Forcing the enable pin low disables the respective regulator and sends it into a "zero" off-mode-current state. In this state, current consumed by the individual regulator goes nearly to zero. This is true for both regulators 2 and 3. Regulator 1's input supply pin is also used to power the internal reference. When any regulator, either 1, 2, or 3 is enabled, an additional 20A for the reference will be drawn through VIN1. All three must be disabled to enter the "zero" current-off-mode-state. Forcing the enable pin high enables each respective output voltage. This part is CMOS and none of the enable pins can be left floating; a floating enable pin may cause an indeterminate state on the output. Input Capacitor The MIC2215 is a high performance, high bandwidth device. Therefore, it requires a well-bypassed input supply for optimal performance. A small 0.1F capacitor placed close to the input is recommended to aid in noise performance. Low-ESR ceramic capacitors provide optimal performance at a minimum of space. Additional high-frequency capacitors such as small valued NPO dielectric type capacitors help to filter out high frequency noise and are good practice in any RF-based circuit. Output Capacitor The MIC2215 requires an output capacitor for stability. The design requires 1F or greater on the output to maintain stability. The design is optimized for use with low-ESR ceramic chip capacitors. X7R/X5R dielectric-type ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperature performance. X7R-type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60%, respectively, over their operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capacitor with Y5V dielectric, the value must be much higher than an X7R ceramic capacitor to ensure the same minimum capacitance over the equivalent operating temperature range. Bypass Pin A capacitor can be placed from the noise bypass pin to ground to reduce output voltage noise. The capacitor bypasses the internal reference. There is one single internal reference shared by each output, therefore the bypassing affects each regulator. A 0.1F capacitor is recommended for applications that require low-noise outputs. The bypass capacitor can be increased, further reducing noise and improving PSRR. Turn-on time increases slightly with respect to bypass capacitance. Internal Reference The internal bandgap, or reference, is powered from the VIN1 input. Due to some of the input noise (PSRR) contributions being imposed on the bandgap, it is important to make VIN1 as clean as possible with good bypassing close to the input. April 2004 JA Recommended Package Minimum Footprint 16-Pin MLFTM 43C/W Table 2. MLFTM Thermal Resistance The actual power dissipation of the regulator circuit can be determined using the equation: PDTOTAL = PDLDO1 + PDLDO2 + PDLDO3 PDLDO1 = (VIN1 - VOUT1) x IOUT1 PDLDO2 = (VIN2 - VOUT2) x IOUT2 PDLDO3 = (VIN3 - VOUT3) x IOUT3 Substituting PD (max) for PD and solving for the operating conditions that are critical to the application will give the maximum operating conditions for the regulator circuit. For example, when operating the MIC2215 at 60C with a minimum footprint layout, the maximum load currents can be calculated as follows: PD (max) = (125C - 60C)/43 C/W PD (max) = 1.511W The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance for the minimum footprint is 43C/W, from Table 2. The maximum power dissipation must not be exceeded for proper operation. Using a lithium-ion battery as the supply voltage, 2.8V/250mA for channel 1, 3V/100mA for channel 2 and 2.8V/50mA for channel 3, maximum power can be calculated as follows: PDLDO1 = (VIN1 - VOUT1) x IOUT1 PDLDO1 = (4.2V - 2.8V) x 250mA PDLDO1 = 350mW 9 M9999-042704 MIC2215 Micrel PDLDO2 = (VIN2 - VOUT2) x IOUT2 PDLDO2 = (4.2V - 3.0V) x 100mA PDLDO2 = 120mW Adjustable Regulator Application Adjustable regulators use the ratio of two resistors to multiply the reference voltage to produce the desired output voltage. The MIC2215 can be adjusted from 1.25V to (5.5V - max VDROPOUT) by using two external resistors (Figure 1). The resistors set the output voltage based on the following equation: PDLDO3 = (VIN3 - VOUT3) x IOUT3 PDLDO3 = (4.2V - 2.8V) x 50mA PDLDO3 = 70mW R1 VOUT = VREF 1 + R2 PDTOTAL = PDLDO1 + PDLDO2 + PDLDO3 PDTOTAL = 350mW + 120mW + 70mW PDTOTAL = 540mW VREF = 1.25V MIC2215-AAABML The calculation shows that we are well below the maximum allowable power dissipation of 1.511W for a 60C ambient temperature. After the maximum power dissipation has been calculated, it is always a good idea to calculate the maximum ambient temperature for a 125C junction temperature. Calculating maximum ambient temperature as follows: TA (max) = TJ (max) - (PD x JA) TA (max) =125C - (540mW x 43C/W) TA (max) = 101C For more information, please refer to the Designing with Low- OUT1 R1 ADJ1 R2 Figure 1. Adjustable Output Dropout Voltage Regulators Handbook. M9999-042704 10 April 2004 MIC2215 Micrel Package Information 16-Pin (4mm x 4mm) MLFTM (ML) MICREL, INC. TEL 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2004 Micrel, Incorporated. April 2004 11 M9999-042704