ES1938S - ESS Technology, Inc.

ESS Technology, Inc. SAM0290-030601 1

ESS Technology, Inc.

ES1938

PCI AudioDrive® Solution

Product Brief

DESCRIPTION

The ES1938 PCI AudioDrive solution implements a single-chip

PCI audio solution, providing high-quality audio processing while

maintaining full legacy DOS game compatibility. With a dynamic

range over 80 dB, the ES1938 complies with the Microsoft PC

98 / PC 99 specifications and meets WHQL audio requirements.

The ES1938 forms a complete audio subsystem on a single chip

for motherboard platforms.

The ES1938 incorporates a microcontroller, ESFMTM music

synthesizer, 16-bit stereo wave ADC and DAC, 16-bit stereo

music DAC, MPU-401 UART mode serial port, dual game port,

hardware master volume control, a serial port interface to

external wavetable music synthesizer, DMA control logic with

FIFO, and PCI bus interface logic. There are three stereo inputs

(typically, line-in, CD audio, and auxiliary line) and a mono

microphone input.

The ES1938 provides a serial EEPROM interface for ease of

programming the Subsystem ID and Subsystem Vendor ID.

The ES1938 integrates the ESS Technology field-proven

hardware design for DOS game compatibility with hardware FM

synthesis (ESFM synthesis) and three methods for legacy audio

control interface: PC/PCI, Distributed DMA, and Transparent

DMA. Transparent DMA requires no sideband signals from PC

core logic chipsets in addition to the standard PCI 2.2 bus.

Transparent DMA (TDMA) is compatible with the

IntelPentium, Pentium II, and Celeron™ chipsets, as well

as standard PCI add-in cards.

The ES1938 can record, compress, and play back voice, sound,

and music with built-in mixer controls. It supports stereo

full-duplex operation for simultaneous record and playback. The

ESFM synthesizer has extended capabilities within native mode

operation providing superior sound and power-down capabilities.

The ES1938 also incorporates Spatializer VBX technology,

provided by Desper Products, Inc., a subsidiary of Spatializer

Audio Laboratories, Inc. This processor expands the stereo

sound field emitted by two speakers to create a resonant 3D

sound environment.

The ES1938 is compliant with Advanced Power Management

(APM) 1.2, Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI)

1.0, and PCI Power Management Interface (PPMI) 1.0.

It is available in an industry-standard 100-pin low-profile quad flat

pack (LQFP) package.

FEATURES

• Single, high-performance, mixed-signal, 16-bit stereo VLSI chip

• PCI parallel bus interface, revision 2.2

• Full native DOS games compatibility, via three technologies:

–– TDMA

–– DDMA

–– PC/PCI

• High-quality ESFM music synthesizer

• Dynamic range (SNR) over 80 dB

• Integrated Spatializer 3D VBX stereo audio effects processor

provided by Desper Products, Inc., a subsidiary of Spatializer

Audio Laboratories, Inc.

Record and Playback Features

• Record, compress, and play back voice, sound, and music

• 16-bit stereo ADC and DAC

• Programmable independent sample rates from 6 kHz up to

48 kHz for record and playback

• Full-duplex operation for simultaneous record and playback

• 2-wire hardware volume control for up, down, and mute

Inputs and Outputs

• Stereo inputs for line-in, auxiliary A (CD audio), and auxiliary B,

and a mono input for microphone

• MPU-401 (UART mode) interface for wavetable synthesizers

and MIDI devices

• Integrated dual game port

• Separate mono input (MONO_IN) and mono output

(MONO_OUT) for speakerphone

Mixer Features

• 7-channel mixer with stereo inputs for line, CD audio, auxiliary

line, music synthesizer, digital audio (wave files), and mono

inputs for microphone and speakerphone

• Programmable 6-bit logarithmic master volume control

Power

• Advanced power management meets APM 1.2, ACPI 1.0, and

PPMI 1.0 standards

Compatibility

• Supports PC games and applications for SoundBlasterTM and

SoundBlaster ProTM

• Meets PC 98 / PC 99 and WHQL specifications

2SAM0290-030601 ESS Technology, Inc.

ES1938 PRODUCT BRIEF

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 1 shows the ES1938 block diagram.

Figure 1 ES1938 Block Diagram

PINOUT

Figure 2 shows the ES1938 pinout diagram.

Figure 2 ES1938 Pinout Diagram

* 3D Processor uses Spatializer VBX 3D

technology provided by Desper Products, Inc. a

subsidiary of Spatializer Audio Laboratories, Inc.

OUTPUT VOLUME

AND MUTE CONTROL

RECORD MONITOR

AOUT_LLINE_R

LINE_L

CIN_R

CIN_L

FOUT_L

FOUT_R

VDDA

GNDA

MIC

CMR

AUXA_R

AUXA_L MONO_OUT

SW(A-D)

FRAMEB

IRDYB

AD[31:0]

T(A-D)

PAR

SIRQ

AOUT_R

MSO

MSI

ANALOG SUBSYSTEMS

MICROCONTROLLER

ROM

SID AND SVID

CONFIGURATION

MPU-401 SERIAL

PORT AND FIFOs

DATA BUFFER WITH

256 BYTE FIFO

REF GEN

ESFM

FM MUSIC

SYNTHESIZER

AND

RAM

INTAB

AUXB_R

AUXB_L

CLOCK

GENERATOR

AND TIMER

DUAL

GAME PORT

HARDWARE

VOLUME

CONTROL

16-BIT STEREO

GAME DAC/ADC

16-BIT STEREO

MUSIC DAC

PCI BUS

INTERFACE

RECORDING

SOURCE

AND INPUT

VOLUME

CONTROL

STEREO

PROGRAMMABLE

MIXER

PCSPKI

MONO_IN

CAP3D

PCSPKO

3D PROCESSOR*

PC SPEAKER

VOLUME CTRL 16-BIT STEREO

SYSTEM DAC

STOPB

TRDYB

VOLUP

VOLDN

IDSEL

DEVSELB

GNTB

REQB

LOCKB

PCPCIREQB

CLKRUNB

PCPCIGNTB

PCLK

PRSTB

CBE[3:0]B

MSD

MCLK

WAVETABLE

SERIAL PORT

SWITCHED

CAPACITOR

LOW-PASS FILTER

AOUT_L

LINE_R

LINE_L

CIN_R

CIN_L

FOUT_L

FOUT_R

VDDA

CAP3D

GNDA

MIC

CMR

AUXA_R

AUXA_L

AUXB_R

AUXB_L

SWA

SWB

SWC

SWD

GNDD

AD22

AD21

AD20

AD19

AD18

AD17

AD16

CBE2B

FRAMEB

IRDYB

TRDYB

DEVSELB

STOPB

LOCKB

PAR

CBE1B

AD15

AD14

GNDD

PCPCIREQB

PCPCIGNTB

CLKRUNB

VDDD

PRSTB

PCLK

GNTB

REQB

AD31

AD30

AD29

AD28

AD27

AD26

AD25

AD24

CBE3B

IDSEL

AD23

VDDD

AOUT_R

GNDD

PCSPKO

PCSPKI

MSO

MSI

SIRQ

INTAB

51 50

100

VOLDN

VDDD

AD0

AD1

AD2

AD3

AD4

AD5

AD6

AD7

CBE0B

AD8

AD9

AD10

AD11

AD12

AD13

VDDD

MONO_IN

MONO_OUT

GNDD

MSD

MCLK

VOLUP

ES 1938S

100-Pin LQFP

ESS Technology, Inc. SAM0290-030601 3

ES1938 PRODUCT BRIEF

ES1938 PIN DESCRIPTIONS

Table 1 lists the ES1938 pin descriptions.

Table 1 ES1938 Pin Descriptions

Names Pin Numbers I/O Descriptions

VDDD 1, 17, 64, 80 IDigital supply voltage (5V±5%).

AD[31:0] 2:7, 9:16,

69:76, 79,

82:88, 98:99

I/O Address and data lines from the PCI bus.

CBE[3:0]B 8, 77, 89, 97 I/O PCI command/byte enable.

XO 18 OOscillator output. Connect to external 14.318-MHz crystal.

XI 19 IOscillator/external clock input. Connect to external 14.318-MHz crystal or clock source

(must be CMOS levels).

VOLDN 20 IActive-low volume decrease button input with internal pull-up.

VOLUP 21 IActive-low volume increase button input with internal pull-up.

MCLK 22 IInput with internal pull-down. Music serial clock from external wavetable music synthesizer.

MSD 23 IInput with internal pull-down. Music serial data from external wavetable music synthesizer.

GNDD 24, 52, 81,

100 IDigital ground.

MONO_OUT 25 OMono output with source select and volume control (including mute). This pin can drive an

external 5k AC load.

MONO_IN 26 I Mono input to mixer and ADC. This pin has an internal pull-up to CMR.

T(A-D) 30:27 I/O Joystick timer. These pins connect to the X-Y positioning variable resistors for the two

joysticks.

SW(A-D) 31:34 IActive-low joystick switch setting inputs. These SW pins have an internal pull-up resistor.

AUXB_L,

AUXB_R 35, 36 IAuxiliary B inputs, left and right. AUXB_L and AUXB_R have internal pull-up resistors to

CMR.

AUXA_L,

AUXA_R 37, 38 IAuxiliary A inputs, left and right. AUXA_L and AUXA_R have internal pull-up resistors to

CMR. Normally intended for connection to an internal or external CD-ROM analog output.

CMR 39 OCommon mode reference voltage (2.25V±5%). Bypass this pin to analog ground with

47-µF electrolytic in parallel with a 0.1-µF capacitor.

MIC 40 IMicrophone input. MIC has an internal pull-up resistor to CMR.

GNDA 41 IAnalog ground.

CAP3D 42 IBypass capacitor to analog ground for 3D effects.

VDDA 43 IAnalog supply voltage (5V±5%). Must be greater than or equal to VDDD –0.3V.

FOUT_R,

FOUT_L 44, 45 OFilter outputs, left and right. AC-coupled externally to CIN_L and CIN_R to remove DC

offsets.

CIN_L, CIN_R 46, 47 IADC and first channel DAC mixer inputs. These pins have internal 50k pull-up resistors to

CMR.

LINE_L, LINE_R 48, 49 ILine inputs, left and right. LINE_L and LINE_R have internal pull-up resistors to CMR.

AOUT_L,

AOUT_R 50, 51 OLine-level stereo outputs, left and right. These pins can drive a 5k ohm AC load.

ES1938 PRODUCT BRIEF

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system, transmitted, or translated in any form or

by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical, or

otherwise, without the prior written permission of ESS

Technology, Inc.

ESS Technology, Inc. makes no representations or

warranties regarding the content of this document.

All specifications are subject to change without prior

notice.

ESS Technology, Inc. assumes no responsibility for any

errors contained herein.

(P) U.S. patents pending.

AudioDrive is a registered trademark of ESS Technology,

Inc.

ESFM is a trademark of ESS Technology, Inc.

Certain audio features of this product manufactured under

a license from Desper Products, Inc., Spatializer and

the circle-in-square device are trademarks owned by

Desper Products, Inc. U. S. Patent numbers #4,308,423,

#4,355,203, #5,412,731.

All other trademarks are owned by their respective

holders and are used for identification purposes only.

ESS Technology, Inc.

48401 Fremont Blvd.

Fremont, CA 94538

Tel: (510) 492-1088

Fax: (510) 492-1898

ORDERING INFORMATION

Names Pin Numbers I/O Descriptions

PCSPKO 53 OAnalog output of PCSPKI with volume control.

PCSPKI 54 INormally low digital PC speaker signal input. This signal is converted to an analog signal

with volume control and appears on analog output PCSPKO.

MSO 55 OMIDI serial data output.

MSI 56 IMIDI serial input. Schmitt trigger input with internal pull-up resistor. Either MPU-401 or

SoundBlaster formats.

SIRQ 57 I/O Serialized IRQ. (Optional motherboard implementation.)

NC 58, 59 —Reserved.

INTAB 60 OPCI interrupt request.

PCPCIREQB 61 OPC/PCI serialized DREQ output. (Optional motherboard implementation.)

PCPCIGNTB 62 IPC/PCI serialized DACK input optional motherboard implementation.

CLKRUNB 63 I/O PCI clock state for power management.

PRSTB 65 IPCI reset.

PCLK 66 IPCI clock. This clock times all PCI transactions.

GNTB 67 IPCI busmaster grant.

REQB 68 OPCI busmaster request, tri-state output.

IDSEL 78 IPCI device select for configuration.

FRAMEB 90 I/O PCI cycle frame.

IRDYB 91 I/O PCI initiator ready.

TRDYB 92 I/O PCI target ready.

DEVSELB 93 I/O PCI device select.

STOPB 94 I/O PCI stop transaction.

LOCKB 95 I/O PCI lock.

PAR 96 I/O PCI parity.

Table 1 ES1938 Pin Descriptions (Continued)

Part Number Description Package

ES1938S PCI AudioDrive 100-pin LQFP