LM8272
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SNOS515F –OCTOBER 2000–REVISED AUGUST 2015
Block Diagram and Operational Description
A) Input Stage: (continued)
The input stage is protected with the combination of R9-R10 and D1, D2, D3 and D4 against differential input
over-voltages. This fault condition could otherwise harm the differential pairs or cause offset voltage shift in case
of prolonged over voltage. As shown in Figure 36, if this voltage reaches approximately ±1.4V at 25°C, the
diodes turn on and current flow is limited by the internal series resistors (R9 and R10). The Absolute Maximum
Rating of ±10V differential on VIN still needs to be observed. With temperature variation, the point were the
diodes turn on will change at the rate of 5mV/°C
Figure 36. Input Stage Current vs. Differential Input Voltage
7.2 B) Output Stage:
The output stage (see Figure 35) is comprised of complimentary NPN and PNP common-emitter stages to permit
voltage swing to within a Vce(sat) of either supply rail. Q9 supplies the sourcing and Q10 supplies the sinking
current load. Output current limiting is achieved by limiting the Vce of Q9 and Q10. Using this approach to current
limiting alleviates the drawback to the conventional scheme which requires one Vbe reduction in output swing.
The frequency compensation circuit includes Miller capacitors from collector to base of each output transistor
(see Figure 35, Ccomp9 and Ccomp10). At light capacitive loads, the high frequency gain of the output transistors is
high, and the Miller effect increases the effective value of the capacitors thereby stabilizing the Op Amp. Large
capacitive loads greatly decrease the high frequency gain of the output transistors thus lowering the effective
internal Miller capacitance - the internal pole frequency increases at the same time a low frequency pole is
created at the Op Amp output due to the large load capacitor. In this fashion, the internal dominant pole
compensation, which works by reducing the loop gain to less than 0dB when the phase shift around the feedback
loop is more than 180°, varies with the amount of capacitive load and becomes less dominant when the load
capacitor has increased enough. Hence the Op Amp is very stable even at high values of load capacitance
resulting in the uncharacteristic feature of stability under all capacitive loads.
7.3 C) Output Voltage Swing Close to V−:
The LM8272's output stage design allows voltage swings to within millivolts of either supply rail for maximum
flexibility and improved useful range. Because of this design architecture, as can be seen from Figure 35
diagram, with Output approaching either supply rail, either Q9 or Q10 Collector-Base junction reverse bias will
decrease. With output less than a Vbe from either rail, the corresponding output transistor operates near
saturation. In this mode of operation, the transistor will exhibit higher junction capacitance and lower ftwhich will
reduce Phase Margin. With the Noise Gain (NG = 1 + Rf/Rg, Rf & Rg are external gain setting resistors) of 2 or
higher, there is sufficient Phase Margin that this reduction (in Phase Margin) is of no consequence. However,
with lower Noise Gain (<2) and with less than 150mV voltage to the supply rail, if the output loading is light, the
Phase Margin reduction could result in unwanted oscillations.
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