REV. B
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise
under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
a
OP193/OP293/OP493
*
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781/329-4700www.analog.com
Fax: 781/326-8703 © Analog Devices, Inc., 2002
Precision, Micropower
Operational Amplifiers
PIN CONFIGURATIONS
FEATURES
Operates from +1.7 V to 18 V
Low Supply Current: 15 A/Amplifier
Low Offset Voltage: 75 V
Outputs Sink and Source: 8 mA
No Phase Reversal
Single- or Dual-Supply Operation
High Open-Loop Gain: 600 V/mV
Unity-Gain Stable
APPLICATIONS
Digital Scales
Strain Gages
Portable Medical Equipment
Battery-Powered Instrumentation
Temperature Transducer Amplifier
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The OP193 family of single-supply operational amplifiers fea-
tures a combination of high precision, low supply current and
the ability to operate at low voltages. For high performance in
single-supply systems the input and output ranges include
ground, and the outputs swing from the negative rail to within
600 mV of the positive supply. For low voltage operation the
OP193 family can operate down to 1.7 volts or ±0.85 volts.
The combination of high accuracy and low power operation
make the OP193 family useful for battery-powered equipment.
Its low current drain and low voltage operation allow it to
continue performing long after other amplifiers have ceased
functioning either because of battery drain or headroom.
The OP193 family is specified for single +2 volt through dual
±15 volt operation over the HOT (–40°C to +125°C) temperature
range. They are available in plastic DIPs, plus SOIC surface-
mount packages.
14-Lead Epoxy DIP
(P Suffix)
16-Lead Wide Body SOL
(S Suffix)
8-Lead Epoxy DIP
(P Suffix)
8-Lead SO
(S Suffix)
8-Lead Epoxy DIP
(P Suffix)
8-Lead SO
(S Suffix)
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
OP293
OUT B
–IN B
+IN B
V+
OUT A
IN A
+IN A
V
OP293
OUT A
IN A
+IN A
V
OUT B
IN B
+IN B
V+
NC = NO CONNECT
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
OUT A
V+
NULL
NC
NULL
IN A
+IN A
V
OP193
OP193
OUT A
V+
NULL
NCNULL
IN A
+IN A
V
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
OP493
OUT A
IN A
+IN A
V+
+IN B
IN B
OUT B
OUT D
IN D
+IN D
V
+IN C
IN C
OUT C
OP493
OUT D
IN D
+IN D
V
+IN C
IN C
OUT C
NC
OUT A
IN A
+IN A
V+
+IN B
IN B
OUT B
NC
NC = NO CONNECT
REV. B
–2–
OP193/OP293/OP493–SPECIFICATIONS
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(@ V
S
= 15.0 V, T
A
= 25C unless otherwise noted)
“E” Grade “F” Grade
Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Offset Voltage V
OS
OP193 75 150 µV
OP193, –40°C T
A
+125°C 175 250 µV
OP293 100 250 µV
OP293, –40°C T
A
+125°C 200 350 µV
OP493 125 275 µV
OP493, –40°C T
A
+125°C 225 375 µV
Input Bias Current I
B
V
CM
= 0 V,
–40°C T
A
+125°C1520nA
Input Offset Current I
OS
V
CM
= 0 V,
–40°C T
A
+125°C24nA
Input Voltage Range V
CM
–14.9 +13.5 –14.9 +13.5 V
Common-Mode Rejection CMRR –14.9 V
CM
+14 V 100 116 97 116 dB
–14.9 V
CM
+14 V,
–40°C T
A
+125°C9794dB
Large Signal Voltage Gain A
VO
R
L
= 100 k,
–10 V V
OUT
+10 V 500 500 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+85°C 300 300 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+125°C 300 300 V/mV
Large Signal Voltage Gain A
VO
R
L
= 10 k,
–10 V V
OUT
+10 V 350 350 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+85°C 200 200 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+125°C 150 150 V/mV
Large Signal Voltage Gain A
VO
R
L
= 2 k,
–10 V V
OUT
+10 V 200 200 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+85°C 125 125 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+125°C 100 100 V/mV
Long Term Offset Voltage V
OS
Note 1 150 300 µV
Offset Voltage Drift V
OS
/T Note 2 0.2 1.75 µV/°C
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Swing High V
OH
I
L
= 1 mA 14.1 14.2 14.1 14.2 V
I
L
= 1 mA,
–40°C T
A
+125°C 14.0 14.0 V
I
L
= 5 mA 13.9 14.1 13.9 14.1 V
Output Voltage Swing Low V
OL
I
L
= –1 mA –14.7 –14.6 –14.7 –14.6 V
I
L
= –1 mA,
–40°C T
A
+125°C –14.4 –14.4 V
I
L
= –5 mA +14.2 –14.1 +14.2 –14.1 V
Short Circuit Current I
SC
±25 ±25 mA
POWER SUPPLY
Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR V
S
= ±1.5 V to ±18 V 100 120 97 120 dB
V
S
= ±1.5 V to ±18 V,
–40°C T
A
+125°C9794dB
Supply Current/Amplifier I
SY
–40°C T
A
+125°C, R
L
=
V
OUT
= 0 V, V
S
= ±18 V 30 30 µA
NOISE PERFORMANCE
Voltage Noise Density e
n
f = 1 kHz 65 65 nV/Hz
Current Noise Density i
n
f = 1 kHz 0.05 0.05 pA/Hz
Voltage Noise e
n
p-p 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 3 3 µV p-p
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Slew Rate SR R
L
= 2 k15 15 V/ms
Gain Bandwidth Product GBP 35 35 kHz
Channel Separation V
OUT
= 10 V p-p,
R
L
= 2 k, f = 1 kHz 120 120 dB
NOTES
1
Long term offset voltage is guaranteed by a 1000 hour life test performed on three independent lots at 125 °C, with an LTPD of 1.3.
2
Offset voltage drift is the average of the –40°C to +25°C delta and the +25°C to +125°C delta.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. B –3–
OP193/OP293/OP493
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(@ V
S
= 5.0 V, V
CM
= 0.1 V, T
A
= 25C unless otherwise noted)
“E” Grade “F” Grade
Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Offset Voltage V
OS
OP193 75 150 µV
OP193, –40°C T
A
+125°C 175 250 µV
OP293 100 250 µV
OP293, –40°C T
A
+125°C 200 350 µV
OP493 125 275 µV
OP493, –40°C T
A
+125°C 225 375 µV
Input Bias Current I
B
–40°C T
A
+125°C1520nA
Input Offset Current I
OS
–40°C T
A
+125°C24nA
Input Voltage Range V
CM
0404V
Common-Mode Rejection CMRR 0.1 V
CM
4 V 100 116 96 116 dB
0.1 V
CM
4 V,
–40°C T
A
+125°C92 92 dB
Large Signal Voltage Gain A
VO
R
L
= 100 k,
0.03 V
OUT
4.0 V 200 200 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+85°C 125 125 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+125°C 130 130 V/mV
Large Signal Voltage Gain A
VO
R
L
= 10 k,
0.03 V
OUT
4.0 V 75 75 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+85°C 50 50 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+125°C 70 70 V/mV
Long Term Offset Voltage V
OS
Note 1 150 300 µV
Offset Voltage Drift V
OS
/T Note 2 0.2 1.25 µV/°C
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Swing High V
OH
I
L
= 100 µA 4.4 4.4 V
I
L
= 1 mA 4.1 4.4 4.1 4.4 V
I
L
= 1 mA,
–40°C T
A
+125°C 4.0 4.0 V
I
L
= 5 mA 4.0 4.4 4.0 4.4 V
Output Voltage Swing Low V
OL
I
L
= –100 µA 140 160 140 160 mV
I
L
= –100 µA,
–40°C T
A
+125°C 220 220 mV
No Load 5 5 mV
I
L
= –1 mA 280 400 280 400 mV
I
L
= –1 mA,
–40°C T
A
+125°C 500 500 mV
I
L
= –5 mA 700 900 700 900 mV
Short Circuit Current I
SC
±8±8mA
POWER SUPPLY
Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR V
S
= ±1.7 V to ±6.0 V 100 120 97 120 dB
V
S
= ±1.5 V to ±18 V,
–40°C T
A
+125°C94 90 dB
Supply Current/Amplifier I
SY
V
CM
= 2.5 V, R
L
= 14.5 14.5 µA
NOISE PERFORMANCE
Voltage Noise Density e
n
f = 1 kHz 65 65 nV/Hz
Current Noise Density i
n
f = 1 kHz 0.05 0.05 pA/Hz
Voltage Noise e
n
p-p 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 3 3 µV p-p
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Slew Rate SR R
L
= 2 k12 12 V/ms
Gain Bandwidth Product GBP 35 35 kHz
NOTES
1
Long term offset voltage is guaranteed by a 1000 hour life test performed on three independent lots at 125 °C, with an LTPD of 1.3.
2
Offset voltage drift is the average of the –40°C to +25°C delta and the +25°C to +125°C delta.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. B
–4–
OP193/OP293/OP493
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(@ V
S
= 3.0 V, V
CM
= 0.1 V, T
A
= 25C unless otherwise noted)
“E” Grade “F” Grade
Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Offset Voltage V
OS
OP193 75 150 µV
OP193, –40°C T
A
+125°C 175 250 µV
OP293 100 250 µV
OP293, –40°C T
A
+125°C 200 350 µV
OP493 125 275 µV
OP493, –40°C T
A
+125°C 225 375 µV
Input Bias Current I
B
–40°C T
A
+125°C1520nA
Input Offset Current I
OS
–40°C T
A
+125°C24nA
Input Voltage Range V
CM
0202V
Common-Mode Rejection CMRR 0.1 V
CM
2 V 97 116 94 116 dB
0.1 V
CM
2 V,
–40°C T
A
+125°C9087dB
Large Signal Voltage Gain A
VO
R
L
= 100 k, 0.03 V
OUT
2 V 100 100 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+85°C 75 75 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+125°C 100 100 V/mV
Long Term Offset Voltage V
OS
Note 1 150 300 µV
Offset Voltage Drift V
OS
/T Note 2 0.2 1.25 µV/°C
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Swing High V
OH
I
L
= 1 mA 2.1 2.14 2.1 2.14 V
I
L
= 1 mA,
–40°C T
A
+125°C 1.9 1.9 V
I
L
= 5 mA 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.1 V
Output Voltage Swing Low V
OL
I
L
= –1 mA 280 400 280 400 mV
I
L
= –1 mA
–40°C T
A
+125°C 500 500 mV
I
L
= –5 mA 700 900 700 900 mV
Short Circuit Current I
SC
±8±8mA
POWER SUPPLY
Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR V
S
= +1.7 V to +6 V, 100 97
–40°C T
A
+125°C9490dB
Supply Current/Amplifier I
SY
V
CM
= 1.5 V, R
L
= 14.5 22 14.5 22 µA
–40°C T
A
+125°C2222µA
Supply Voltage Range V
S
+2 ±18 +2 ±18 V
NOISE PERFORMANCE
Voltage Noise Density e
n
f = 1 kHz 65 65 nV/Hz
Current Noise Density i
n
f = 1 kHz 0.05 0.05 pA/Hz
Voltage Noise e
n
p-p 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 3 3 µV p-p
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Slew Rate SR R
L
= 2 k10 10 V/ms
Gain Bandwidth Product GBP 25 25 kHz
Channel Separation V
OUT
= 10 V p-p,
R
L
= 2 k, f = 1 kHz 120 120 dB
NOTES
1
Long term offset voltage is guaranteed by a 1000 hour life test performed on three independent lots at 125 °C, with an LTPD of 1.3.
2
Offset voltage drift is the average of the –40°C to +25°C delta and the +25°C to +125°C delta.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. B –5–
OP193/OP293/OP493
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(@ V
S
= 2.0 V, V
CM
= 0.1 V, T
A
= 25C unless otherwise noted)
“E” Grade “F” Grade
Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Offset Voltage V
OS
OP193 75 150 µV
OP193, –40°C T
A
+125°C 175 250 µV
OP293 100 250 µV
OP293, –40°C T
A
+125°C 175 350 µV
OP493 125 275 µV
OP493, –40°C T
A
+125°C 225 375 µV
Input Bias Current I
B
–40°C T
A
+125°C1520nA
Input Offset Current I
OS
–40°C T
A
+125°C24nA
Input Voltage Range V
CM
0101V
Large Signal Voltage Gain A
VO
R
L
= 100 k, 0.03 V
OUT
1 V 60 60 V/mV
–40°C T
A
+125°C 70 70 V/mV
Long Term Offset Voltage V
OS
Note 1 150 300 µV
POWER SUPPLY
Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR V
S
= 1.7 V to 6 V, 100 97
–40°C T
A
+125°C9490dB
Supply Current/Amplifier I
SY
V
CM
= 1.0 V, R
L
= 13.2 20 13.2 20 µA
–40°C T
A
+125°C2525µA
Supply Voltage Range V
S
+2 ±18 +2 ±18 V
NOISE PERFORMANCE
Voltage Noise Density e
n
f = 1 kHz 65 65 nV/Hz
Current Noise Density i
n
f = 1 kHz 0.05 0.05 pA/Hz
Voltage Noise e
n
p-p 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 3 3 µV p-p
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Slew Rate SR R
L
= 2 k10 10 V/ms
Gain Bandwidth Product GBP 25 25 kHz
Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–6–
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although
the OP193/OP293/OP493 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may
occur on devices subjected to high-energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions
are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
1
Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±18 V
Input Voltage
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±18 V
Differential Input Voltage
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±18 V
Output Short-Circuit Duration to Gnd . . . . . . . . . . Indefinite
Storage Temperature Range
P, S Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C
Operating Temperature Range
OP193/OP293/OP493E, F . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to +125°C
Junction Temperature Range
P, S Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature Range (Soldering, 60 sec) . . . . . . . . 300°C
Package Type θ
JA3
θ
JC
Unit
8-Pin Plastic DIP (P) 103 43 °C/W
8-Pin SOIC (S) 158 43 °C/W
14-Pin Plastic DIP (P) 83 39 °C/W
16-Pin SOL (S) 92 27 °C/W
NOTES
1
Absolute maximum ratings apply to both DICE and packaged parts, unless
otherwise noted.
2
For supply voltages less than ±18 V, the input voltage is limited to the supply
voltage.
3
θ
JA
is specified for the worst case conditions; i.e., θ
JA
is specified for device in socket
for PDIP, and θ
JA
is specified for device soldered in circuit board for SOIC package.
ORDERING GUIDE
Temperature Package Package
Model Range Description Option
OP193ES*–40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP193ES-REEL*–40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP193ES-REEL7*–40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP193FP*–40°C to +125°C 8-Pin Plastic DIP N-8
OP193FS –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP193FS-REEL –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP193FS-REEL7 –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP293ES –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP293ES-REEL –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP293ES-REEL7 –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP293FP*–40°C to +125°C 8-Pin Plastic DIP N-8
OP293FS –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP293FS-REEL –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP293FS-REEL7 –40°C to +125°C 8-Pin SOIC SO-8
OP493ES*–40°C to +125°C 16-Pin SOL SOL-16
OP493ES-REEL*–40°C to +125°C 16-Pin SOL SOL-16
OP493FP*–40°C to +125°C 14-Pin Plastic DIP N-14
OP493FS*–40°C to +125°C 16-Pin SOL SOL-16
OP493FS-REEL*–40°C to +125°C 16-Pin SOL SOL-16
*Not for new design, obsolete April 2002.
REV. B –7–
Typical Performance CharacteristicsOP193/OP293/OP493
120
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
40
75 75
0
80
OFFSET V
160
45 604530 0 30
VS 3V
VCM 0.1V
TA 25°C
450 PDIPS
200
151560
V
S
±15V
T
A
25°C
450 PDIPS
200
160
120
80
40
0
OFFSET V
7560301501530456075 45
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
V
S
3V
V
CM
0.1V
40°C T
A
+125°C
450 PDIPS
0.6
90
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
30
01.0
0
60
TCV
OS
V°C
120
0.2 0.80.4
150
0.6
90
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
30
01.0
0
60
TCV
OS
V°C
120
0.2 0.80.4
V
S
15V
40°C T
A
+125°C
450 PDIPS
150
INPUT BIAS CURRENT nA
5
2
0
1
3
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE V
0
1 234
1
4
+125°C
40°C
V
S
5V
+25°C
75
15
SLEW RATE V/ms
5
50
0
10
20
25 125
0 25 50 100
+SR SR
V
S
±15V
25
+SR SR
V
S
+5V
TEMPERATURE °C
100
80
40
10 100 1k 10k
FREQUENCY Hz
60
20
0
PSRR dB
+PSRR
5V V
S
30V
T
A
25°C
PSRR
120
SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT mA
| ISC |
VS ±15V
75
20
50
0
10
TEMPERATURE °C
30
25 1250 25 50 100
40
+ISC
VS ±15V
| ISC |
VS +5V
+ISC
VS +5V
TPC 1. OP193 Offset Distribution,
V
S
=
±
15 V
TPC 4. OP193 TCV
OS
Distribution,
V
S
=
±
15 V
TPC 2. OP193 Offset Distribution,
V
S
= +3 V
TPC 5. Input Bias Current vs.
Common-Mode Voltage
TPC 3. OP193 TCV
OS
Distribution,
V
S
= +3 V
TPC 6. PSRR vs. Frequency
120
CMRR dB
100
80
40
60
20
0
VS +5V
TA 25°C
VS ±15V
FREQUENCY Hz
10 100 1k 10k
TPC 7. CMRR vs. Frequency TPC 8. Slew Rate vs. Temperature TPC 9. Short Circuit Current vs.
Temperature
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–8–
SUPPLY CURRENT µA
75
10
50
15
5
TEMPERATURE °C
20
25 1250 25 50 100
25
VS +2V
VCM 1V
VS ±18V
0
INPUT OFFSET CURRENT nA
75
0.15
50
0.10
0.20
0.5
25 1250 25 50 100
0
VS +2V
VCM 0.1V
VS ±15V
0.25
TEMPERATURE °C
INPUT BIAS CURRENT nA
75
3
50
2
4
TEMPERATURE °C
1
25 1250 25 50 100
0
VS +2V
VCM 0.1V
VS ±15V
5
TPC 10. Input Offset Current vs.
Temperature
1000
100
0.1 1 10 100 1k
10
1
5V VS 30V
TA 25°C
FREQUENCY Hz
VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY nV Hz
VOLTAGE GAIN VmV
75
1000
50
1500
500
2000
25 1250 25 50 100
2500
V
S
±15V
10V V
OUT
+10V
0
V
S
+5V
0.03V V
OUT
4V
TEMPERATURE °C
TPC 13. Voltage Noise Density vs.
Frequency
TPC 16. Voltage Gain
(R
L
= 100 k
) vs. Temperature
TPC 11. Input Bias Current vs.
Temperature
1000
100
0.1 1 10 100 1k
10
1
5V VS 30V
TA 25°C
FREQUENCY Hz
CURRENT NOISE DENSITY pA Hz
TPC 14. Current Noise Density vs.
Frequency
TPC 12. Supply Current vs.
Temperature
10000
1000
10
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
100
1
DELTA FROM SUPPLY RAIL mV
5V V
S
30V
T
A
25°C
DELTA
FROM V
EE
DELTA
FROM V
CC
LOAD CURRENT
A
TPC 15. Delta Output Swing from
Either Rail vs. Current Load
VOLTAGE GAIN VmV
75
400
50
600
200
TEMPERATURE °C
800
25 1250 25 50 100
1000
V
S
±15V
10V V
OUT
+10V
0
V
S
+5V
0.03V V
OUT
4V
TPC 17. Voltage Gain
(R
L
= 10 k
) vs. Temperature
GAIN dB
60
40
10 100 1k 10k 100k
0
20
T
A
25°C
V
S
5V
FREQUENCY Hz
20
TPC 18. Closed-Loop Gain vs.
Frequency, V
S
= 5 V
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–9–
GAIN dB
60
40
10 100 1k 10k 100k
0
20
T
A
25°C
V
S
±15V
FREQUENCY Hz
20
60
50
40
20
10 100 1000 10000
CAPACITIVE LOAD
p
F
30
10
0
OVERSHOOT %
V
S
5V T
A
25°C
A
V
1
50mV V
IN
150mV
LOADS TO GND
+OS
R
L
+OS
|
OS
|
R
L
10k
+OS
|
OS
|
R
L
50k
OS
R
L
TPC 20. Small Signal Overshoot
vs. Capacitive Load
GAIN dB
60
40
100 1k 10k 100k 1M
0
20
V
S
5V
FREQUENCY Hz
20
PHASE
40
GAIN
PHASE De
g
rees
90
0
45
45
90
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The OP193 family of operational amplifiers are single-supply,
micropower, precision amplifiers whose input and output ranges
both include ground. Input offset voltage (V
OS
) is only 75 µV
maximum, while the output will deliver ±5 mA to a load. Sup-
ply current is only 17 µA.
A simplified schematic of the input stage is shown in Figure 1.
Input transistors Q1 and Q2 are PNP devices, which permit the
inputs to operate down to ground potential. The input transis-
tors have resistors in series with the base terminals to protect the
junctions from over voltage conditions. The second stage is an
NPN cascode which is buffered by an emitter follower before
driving the final PNP gain stage.
The OP193 includes connections to taps on the input load
resistors, which can be used to null the input offset voltage, V
OS
.
The OP293 and OP493 have two additional transistors, Q7 and
Q8. The behavior of these transistors is discussed in the Output
Phase Reversal section of this data sheet.
The output stage, shown in Figure 2, is a noninverting NPN
“totem-pole” configuration. Current is sourced to the load by
emitter follower Q1, while Q2 provides current sink capability.
When Q2 saturates, the output is pulled to within 5 mV of
ground without an external pull-down resistor. The totem-pole
output stage will supply a minimum of 5 mA to an external
load, even when operating from a single 3.0 V power supply.
By operating as an emitter follower, Q1 offers a high impedance
load to the final PNP collector of the input stage. Base drive to
Q2 is derived by monitoring Q1’s collector current. Transistor
Q5 tracks the collector current of Q1. When Q1 is on, Q5 keeps
Q4 off, and current source I1 keeps Q2 turned off. When Q1 is
driven to cutoff (i.e., the output must move toward V–), Q5
allows Q4 to turn on. Q4’s collector current then provides the
base drive for Q3 and Q2, and the output low voltage swing is
set by Q2’s V
CE,SAT
which is about 5 mV.
2k
NULLING
TERMINALS
(
OP193 ONLY
)
+INPUT
R2A
2k
INPUT
Q1 Q2
Q7 Q8
Q3
Q4
R2B
R1B
R1
A
OP293,
OP493
ONLY
I1
D1
I2I3I4
Q5
Q6
TO
OUTPUT
STAGE
I5I6
V
V+
Figure 1. OP193/OP293/OP493 Equivalent Input Circuit
Q4
Q1 Q5
Q3
Q2
OUTPUT
I
1
I
2
I
3
FROM
INPUT
STAGE
V+
V
Figure 2. OP193/OP293/OP493 Equivalent Output Circuit
TPC 19. Closed-Loop Gain vs.
Frequency, V
S
=
±
15 V
TPC 21. Open-Loop, Gain and
Phase vs. Frequency
GAIN dB
60
40
100 1k 10k 100k 1M
0
20
VS ±15V
FREQUENCY Hz
20
PHASE
40
GAIN
PHASE De
g
rees
90
0
45
45
90
TPC 22. Open-Loop, Gain and
Phase vs. Frequency
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–10–
Driving Capacitive Loads
OP193 family amplifiers are unconditionally stable with capacitive
loads less than 200 pF. However, the small signal, unity-gain
overshoot will improve if a resistive load is added. For example,
transient overshoot is 20% when driving a 1000 pF/ 10 k load.
When driving large capacitive loads in unity-gain configurations,
an in-the-loop compensation technique is recommended as
illustrated in Figure 6.
Input Overvoltage Protection
As previously mentioned, the OP193 family of op amps use a
PNP input stage with protection resistors in series with the
inverting and noninverting inputs. The high breakdown of the
PNP transistors, coupled with the protection resistors, provides
a large amount of input protection from over voltage conditions.
The inputs can therefore be taken 20 V beyond either supply
without damaging the amplifier.
Output Phase Reversal—OP193
The OP193’s input PNP collector-base junction can be forward-
biased if the inputs are brought more than one diode drop (0.7 V)
below ground. When this happens to the noninverting input, Q4
of the cascode stage turns on and the output goes high. If the
positive input signal can go below ground, phase reversal can be
prevented by clamping the input to the negative supply (i.e.,
GND) with a diode. The reverse leakage of the diode will, of
course, add to the input bias current of the amplifier. If input bias
current is not critical, a 1N914 will add less than 10 nA of leak-
age. However, its leakage current will double for every 10°C
increase in ambient temperature. For critical applications, the
collector-base junction of a 2N3906 transistor will add only about
10 pA of additional bias current. To limit the current through the
diode under fault conditions, a 1 k resistor is recommended in
series with the input. (The OP193’s internal current limiting
resistors will not protect the external diode.)
Output Phase Reversal—OP293 and OP493
The OP293 and OP493 include lateral PNP transistors Q7 and
Q8 to protect against phase reversal. If an input is brought more
than one diode drop (0.7 V) below ground, Q7 and Q8 com-
bine to level shift the entire cascode stage, including the bias to
Q3 and Q4, simultaneously. In this case Q4 will not saturate
and the output remains low.
The OP293 and OP493 do not exhibit output phase reversal for
inputs up to –5 V below V– at +25°C. The phase reversal limit
at +125°C is about –3 V. If the inputs can be driven below these
levels, an external clamp diode, as discussed in the previous
section, should be added.
Battery-Powered Applications
OP193 series op amps can be operated on a minimum supply
voltage of 1.7 V, and draw only 13 µA of supply current per
amplifier from a 2.0 V supply. In many battery-powered circuits,
OP193 devices can be continuously operated for thousands of
hours before requiring battery replacement, thus reducing
equipment downtime and operating cost.
High performance portable equipment and instruments fre-
quently use lithium cells because of their long shelf life, light
weight, and high energy density relative to older primary cells.
Most lithium cells have a nominal output voltage of 3 V and are
noted for a flat discharge characteristic. The low supply voltage
requirement of the OP193, combined with the flat discharge
characteristic of the lithium cell, indicates that the OP193 can
be operated over the entire useful life of the cell. Figure 3 shows
the typical discharge characteristic of a 1 AH lithium cell power-
ing the OP193, OP293, and OP493, with each amplifier, in
turn, driving 2.1 Volts into a 100 k load.
LITHIUM SULPHUR DIOXIDE
CELL VOLTAGE V
50000
2
1
HOURS
3
1000 70002000 3000 4000 6000
4
0
OP493 OP293 OP193
Figure 3. Lithium Sulfur Dioxide Cell Discharge Character-
istic with OP193 Family and 100 k
Loads
Input Offset Voltage Nulling
The OP193 provides two offset nulling terminals that can be
used to adjust the OP193’s internal V
OS
. In general, operational
amplifier terminals should never be used to adjust system offset
voltages. The offset null circuit of Figure 4 provides about
±7 mV of offset adjustment range. A 100 k resistor placed in
series with the wiper arm of the offset null potentiometer, as
shown in Figure 5, reduces the offset adjustment range to 400 µV
and is recommended for applications requiring high null resolu-
tion. Offset nulling does not adversely affect TCV
OS
performance,
providing that the trimming potentiometer temperature coeffi-
cient does not exceed ±100 ppm/°C.
6
5
7
4
1
2
3
V
V+
OP193
100k
Figure 4. Offset Nulling Circuit
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–11–
6
5
7
4
1
2
3
V
V+
OP193
100k
100k
Figure 5. High Resolution Offset Nulling Circuit
A Micropower False-Ground Generator
Some single-supply circuits work best when inputs are biased
above ground, typically at 1/2 of the supply voltage. In these
cases a false ground can be created by using a voltage divider
buffered by an amplifier. One such circuit is shown in Figure 6.
This circuit will generate a false-ground reference at 1/2 of the
supply voltage, while drawing only about 27 µA from a 5 V supply.
The circuit includes compensation to allow for a 1 µF bypass
capacitor at the false-ground output. The benefit of a large
capacitor is that not only does the false ground present a very low
dc resistance to the load, but its ac impedance is low as well. The
OP193 can both sink and source more than 5 mA, which improves
recovery time from transients in the load current.
6
7
2
3
10k
OP193
100
4
5V OR 12V
0.022F
1F
240k
240k
1F
2.5V OR 6V
Figure 6. A Micropower False-Ground Generator
A Battery-Powered Voltage Reference
The circuit of Figure 7 is a battery-powered voltage reference
that draws only 17 µA of supply current. At this level, two AA
alkaline cells can power this reference for more than 18 months.
At an output voltage of 1.23 V @ 25°C, drift of the reference is
only 5.5 µV/°C over the industrial temperature range. Load
regulation is 85 µV/mA with line regulation at 120 µV/V.
Design of the reference is based on the Brokaw bandgap core
technique. Scaling of resistors R1 and R2 produces unequal
currents in Q1 and Q2. The resulting V
BE
across R3 creates a
temperature-proportional voltage (PTAT) which, in turn, pro-
duces a larger temperature-proportional voltage across R4 and
R5, V1. The temperature coefficient of V1 cancels (first order)
the complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) coefficient
of V
BE1
. When adjusted to 1.23 V @ 25°C, output voltage
tempco is at a minimum. Bandgap references can have start-up
problems. With no current in R1 and R2, the OP193 is beyond
its positive input range limit and has an undefined output state.
Shorting Pin 5 (an offset adjust pin) to ground forces the output
high under these circumstances and ensures reliable startup
without significantly degrading the OP193’s offset drift.
6
7
2
3
C1
1000pF
OP193
V
BE2
4
R2
1.5M
Q1
V
OUT
(1.23V @ 25°C)
5
R1
240k
V+
(2.5V TO 36V)
Q2
1
2
3
7
6
5V
BE1
MAT-01AH
V
BE
R3 68k
R5 20k
OUTPUT
ADJUST
R4
130k
V1
Figure 7. A Battery-Powered Voltage Reference
A Single-Supply Current Monitor
Current monitoring essentially consists of amplifying the voltage
drop across a resistor placed in series with the current to be
measured. The difficulty is that only small voltage drops can be
tolerated, and with low precision op amps this greatly limits the
overall resolution. The single-supply current monitor of Figure
8 has a resolution of 10 µA and is capable of monitoring 30 mA
of current. This range can be adjusted by changing the current
sense resistor R1. When measuring total system current, it may
be necessary to include the supply current of the current moni-
tor, which bypasses the current sense resistor, in the final result.
This current can be measured and calibrated (together with the
residual offset) by adjustment of the offset trim potentiometer,
R2. This produces a deliberate temperature dependent offset.
However, the supply current of the OP193 is also proportional
to temperature, and the two effects tend to track. Current in R4
and R5, which also bypasses R1, can be adjusted via a gain trim.
Figure 8. Single-Supply Current Monitor
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–12–
A Single-Supply Instrumentation Amplifier
Designing a true single-supply instrumentation amplifier with
zero-input and zero-output operation requires special care.
The traditional configuration, shown in Figure 9, depends upon
amplifier A1’s output being at 0 V when the applied common-
mode input voltage is at 0 V. Any error at the output is multiplied
by the gain of A2. In addition, current flows through resistor R3
as A2’s output voltage increases. A1’s output must remain at 0 V
while sinking the current through R3, or a gain error will result.
With a maximum output voltage of 4 V, the current through R3
is only 2 µA, but this will still produce an appreciable error.
5V
V+
V5V
V+
V
VOUT
R4
1.98M
R3
20k
R2
1.98M
R1
20k
ISINK
IN
+IN
1/2 OP293
A2
1/2 OP293
A1
Figure 9. A Conventional Instrumentation Amplifier
One solution to this problem is to use a pull-down resistor. For
example, if R3 = 20 k, then the pull-down resistor must be
less than 400 . However, the pull-down resistor appears as a
fixed load when a common-mode voltage is applied. With a 4 V
common-mode voltage, the additional load current will be 10 mA,
which is unacceptable in a low power application.
Figure 10 shows a better solution. A1’s sink current is provided
by a pair of N-channel FET transistors, configured as a current
mirror. With the values shown, sink current of Q2 is about
340 µA. Thus, with a common-mode voltage of 4 V, the addi-
tional load current is limited to 340 µA versus 10 mA with a
400 resistor.
5V
V+
V
5V
V+
V
V
OUT
+IN
1/2 OP293
A2
R4
1.98M
R3
20k
R2
1.98M
R1
20k
IN
1/2 OP293
A1
5V
10k
Q1 Q2
VN2222
Figure 10. An Improved Single-Supply, 0 V
IN
, 0 V
OUT
Instrumentation Amplifier
A Low-Power, Temperature to 4–20 mA Transmitter
A simple temperature to 4–20 mA transmitter is shown in Fig-
ure 11. After calibration, this transmitter is accurate to ±0.5°C
over the –50°C to +150°C temperature range. The transmitter
operates from 8 V to 40 V with supply rejection better than
3 ppm/V. One half of the OP293 is used to buffer the V
TEMP
pin, while the other half regulates the output current to satisfy
the current summation at its noninverting input:
IVR6R7
R2 R10
VR2 R6 R7
R2 R10
OUT
TEMP
SET
+×+
×++
×
()
The change in output current with temperature is the derivative
of the transfer function:
I
T
V
T
R6 R7
R2 R10
OUT
TEMP
=
+
×
()
SPAN TRIM
8
4
8V TO 40V
V+
1/2 OP293
R4
20k
R9
100k
R2
1k
1/2 OP293
V
TEMP
2N1711
1
2
3
R1 10k
2
6
3
4
REF-43BZ
V
IN
V
OUT
V
TEMP
GND
R5
5k
R3
100k
6
5
ZERO
TRIM
V
SET
7
R6
3k
R7
5k
R8
1k
1N4002
R10
100
1%, 1/2 W
R
LOAD
I
OUT
ALL RESISTORS 1/4W, 5% UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED
Figure 11. Temperature to 4–20 mA Transmitter
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–13–
From the formulas, it can be seen that if the span trim is
adjusted before the zero trim, the two trims are not interactive,
which greatly simplifies the calibration procedure.
Calibration of the transmitter is simple. First, the slope of the
output current versus temperature is calibrated by adjusting the
span trim, R7. A couple of iterations may be required to be sure
the slope is correct.
Once the span trim has been completed, the zero trim can be made.
Remember that adjusting the zero trim will not affect the gain.
The zero trim can be set at any known temperature by adjusting
R5 until the output current equals:
ITT
OUT
I
T
FS
OPERATING
AMBIENT MIN
=−+
()
4 mA
Table I shows the values of R6 required for various temperature
ranges.
Table I. R6 Values vs. Temperature
Temp Range R6
0°C to 70°C 10 k
–40°C to +85°C 6.2 k
–55°C to +150°C3 k
A Micropower Voltage Controlled Oscillator
An OP293 in combination with an inexpensive quad CMOS
analog switch forms the precision VCO of Figure 12. This cir-
cuit provides triangle and square wave outputs and draws only
50 µA from a single 5 V supply. A1 acts as an integrator; S1
switches the charging current symmetrically to yield positive and
negative ramps. The integrator is bounded by A2 which acts as
a Schmitt trigger with a precise hysteresis of 1.67 volts, set by
resistors R5, R6, and R7, and associated CMOS switches. The
resulting output of A1 is a triangle wave with upper and lower
levels of 3.33 and 1.67 volts. The output of A2 is a square wave
with almost rail-to-rail swing. With the components shown,
frequency of operation is given by the equation:
fV V
OUT CONTROL
V Hz10 /
but this can easily be changed by varying C1. The circuit oper-
ates well up to 500 Hz.
8
4
1/2 OP293
1
2
3
R3
100k
VCONTROL
R4
200k
TRIANGLE
OUT
A1
5V
R1
200k
R2
200k
1/2 OP293
6
5
7
A2
SQUARE
OUT
5V
R6
200k
R7
200k
S3
S4
S1
1 IN/OUT
2 OUT/IN
CONT 12
OUT/IN 10
3 OUT/IN S2
CONT 13
4 IN/OUT
6 CONT
5 CONT
7VSS
IN/OUT 8
IN/OUT 11
OUT/IN 9
VDD 14 5V
5V
CD4066
R8
200k
5V
R5
200k
C1
75nF
Figure 12. Micropower Voltage Controlled Oscillator
A Micropower, Single-Supply Quad Voltage Output 8-Bit DAC
The circuit of Figure 13 uses the DAC8408 CMOS quad 8-bit
DAC and the OP493 to form a single-supply quad voltage out-
put DAC with a supply drain of only 140 µA. The DAC8408 is
used in the voltage switching mode and each DAC has an out-
put resistance (10 k) independent of the digital input code.
The output amplifiers act as buffers to avoid loading the DACs.
The 100 k resistors ensure that the OP493 outputs will swing
to within 1/2 LSB of ground, i.e.:
1
2 256
×=
1.23 V 3 mV
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–14–
V
OUT
A
1/4 OP493
A
2
3
R1
100k
11
1
2
V
REF
A
I
OUT1A
I
OUT1B
4
5
6
I
OUT2A/2B
DAC A
1/4
DAC8408
DAC B
1/4
DAC8408
I
OUT1C
DAC C
1/4
DAC8408
I
OUT1D
DAC D
1/4
DAC8408
V
OUT
B
1/4 OP493
B
6
5R2
100k
7
8
V
REF
B
V
OUT
C
1/4 OP493
C
13
12 R3
100k
14
27
V
REF
C
V
OUT
D
1/4 OP493
D
9
10 R4
100k
8
21
V
REF
D
DAC DATA BUS
PINS 9(LSB)16(MSB)
24 I
OUT2C/2D
23
25
5V
1
V
DD
AD589
1.23V
5V
17
18
19
20
A/B
R/W
DS1
DS2
DAC8408ET
DIGITAL
CONTROL
SIGNALS
28
DGND
OP493
4
5V
3.6k
Figure 13. Micropower Single-Supply Quad Voltage-
Output 8-Bit DAC
A Single-Supply Micropower Quad Programmable-Gain
Amplifier
The combination of the quad OP493 and the DAC8408 quad
8-bit CMOS DAC creates a quad programmable-gain amplifier
with a quiescent supply drain of only 140 µA (Figure 14). The
digital code present at the DAC, which is easily set by a micro-
processor, determines the ratio between the fixed DAC feedback
resistor and the resistance that the DAC feedback ladder pre-
sents to the op amp feedback loop. The gain of each amplifier is:
V
Vn
OUT
IN
=256
where n equals the decimal equivalent of the 8-bit digital code
present at the DAC.
If the digital code present at the DAC consists of all zeros, the
feedback loop will be open causing the op amp to saturate. The
10 M resistors placed in parallel with the DAC feedback loop
eliminates this problem with a very small reduction in gain
accuracy. The 2.5 V reference biases the amplifiers to the center
of the linear region providing maximum output swing.
REV. B
OP193/OP293/OP493
–15–
7RFBB
C2
0.1F
VINB
3RFBA
C1
0.1F
VINA
VOUTA
1/4 OP493
A
2
3
11
1
4
VREFA
IOUT2A/2B
1
DAC A
1/4
DAC8408
DAC B
1/4
DAC8408
DAC D
1/4
DAC8408
VOUTB
1/4 OP493
B
5
7
8
VREFB
VOUTC
9
8
25
VOUTD
12
14
OP493
13
R4
10M
23
IOUT1D
DAC DATA BUS
PINS 9(LSB)16(MSB)
22 RFBD
C4
0.1F
VIND
5V
17
18
19
20
A/B
R/W
DS1
DS2
DAC8408ET
DIGITAL
CONTROL
SIGNALS
28
DGND
4
2.5V
REFERENCE
VOLTAGE
IOUT1C
IOUT2C/2D
VREFD21
24
R3
10M
1/4 OP493
C
10
26 RFBC
C3
0.1F
VINC
DAC C
1/4
DAC8408
R2
10M
27
IOUT1B
VREFC
IOUT1A
R1
10M
6
VDD
2
1/4 OP493
D
6
5
Figure 14. Single-Supply Micropower Quad Programmable-Gain Amplifier
REV. B
–16–
C00295–0–1/02(B)
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
OP193/OP293/OP493
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
8-Lead SO
(S Suffix)
8-Lead Epoxy DIP
(P Suffix)
0.0098 (0.25)
0.0075 (0.19)
0.0500 (1.27)
0.0160 (0.41)
8
°
0
°
0.0196 (0.50)
0.0099 (0.25) x 45
°
PIN 1
0.1574 (4.00)
0.1497 (3.80)
0.2440 (6.20)
0.2284 (5.80)
4
5
1
8
0.0192 (0.49)
0.0138 (0.35)
0.0500
(1.27)
BSC
0.0688 (1.75)
0.0532 (1.35)
0.0098 (0.25)
0.0040 (0.10)
0.1968 (5.00)
0.1890 (4.80)
PIN 1
0.280 (7.11)
0.240 (6.10)
4
5
8
1
SEATING
PLANE
0.060 (1.52)
0.015 (0.38)
0.130
(3.30)
MIN
0.210
(5.33)
MAX
0.160 (4.06)
0.115 (2.93)
0.430 (10.92)
0.348 (8.84)
0.022 (0.558)
0.014 (0.356)
0.070 (1.77)
0.045 (1.15)
0.100
(2.54)
BSC
0.325 (8.25)
0.300 (7.62)
0.015 (0.381)
0.008 (0.204)
0.195 (4.95)
0.115 (2.93)
16-Lead Wide Body SOL
(S Suffix)
PIN 1
0.2992 (7.60)
0.2914 (7.40)
0.4193 (10.65)
0.3937 (10.00)
1
16 9
8
0.0192 (0.49)
0.0138 (0.35)
0.0500 (1.27)
BSC
0.1043 (2.65)
0.0926 (2.35)
0.4133 (10.50)
0.3977 (10.00)
0.0118 (0.30)
0.0040 (0.10) 0.0125 (0.32)
0.0091 (0.23)
0.0500 (1.27)
0.0157 (0.40)
8
°
0
°
0.0291 (0.74)
0.0098 (0.25) x 45
°
14-Lead Epoxy DIP
(P Suffix)
0.325 (8.25)
0.300 (7.62)
0.015 (0.381)
0.008 (0.204)
0.195 (4.95)
0.115 (2.93)
0.210
(5.33)
MAX
0.160 (4.06)
0.115 (2.93)
0.795 (20.19)
0.725 (18.42)
0.022 (0.558)
0.014 (0.356)
0.100
(2.54)
BSC
0.070 (1.77)
0.045 (1.15)
SEATING
PLANE
0.060 (1.52)
0.015 (0.38)
0.130
(3.30)
MIN
PIN 1 0.280 (7.11)
0.240 (6.10)
7
8
14
1
Revision History
Location Page
Data Sheet changed from REV. A to REV. B.
Deletion of WAFER TEST LIMITS Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Deletion of DICE CHARACTERISTICS Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Edits to ORDERING GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6