GPS & GLONASS antenna module
GNS 802
Datasheet
confidential information prelimanry specification
© GNS-GmbH
V 1.5, Apr 14th 2015
1
1 INTRODUCTION
The GNS802 module is a complete GPS and Glonass receiver module. It includes everything
starting with a high sensitive chip antenna ending in an easy to use NMEA output and command
interface. It is based on the new generation CSR SirF V GNSS chip that supports GPS and
GLONASS simultaneously.
Due to its capability to use GLONASS and GPS at the
same time, GNS802 benefits from the higher
availability of satellites in critical environments. The
navigation performance and accuracy is further
improved by using the correction data from SBAS
(WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN, MSAS), QZSS.
First Fixes after just a few seconds are achieved with
the help of three different A-GPS technologies.
The module supports self prediction CGEE.
Server based AGPS (SGEE) and realtime AGPS is
available on request. These services are provided by
CSR and are not free of charge. They are available
only for high quantities.
GNS802 is based on Sirf chipset of the 5th generation. It includes a ROM based software code and a
patch RAM for later software improvements. Using the patch option is recommended by the chip
manufacturer CSR.
Several Low Power Mode options make it easy to implement this module in power sensitive, battery
supplied applications.
Low power requirements (~100mW@ 3.3V) and internal voltage regulators make it easy to run the
module with various power supplies and allows direct connection to LiIon batteries.
GNS802 offers superior dynamic performance at high velocity and provides effective protection
against interference signals. Up to 8 independent channel interferences can be eliminated or
reduced.
For easy test and evalution, a Starter Kit is available.
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Features
GLONASS and GPS simultaneously, GALILEO ready
52 channels
Ultra high tracking sensitivity
Integrated high performance chip antenna and LNA
Extremely fast TTFF at low signal level
QZSS, SBAS (WAAS,EGNOS,MSAS,GAGAN) correction support
A-GPS predicted / self predicted support (host support or external SPI memory required)
Active Interference Canceller for GPS-in-band jammer rejection
Embedded logger function (external SPI flash needed)
High accuracy 1PPS output
NMEA-0183 or binary protocol
High update rate (up to 5/s)
Wide range of supply voltage : 2.3V to 4.3V, direct LiIon supply
Typical GPS+GLONASS Consumption current @3.3V:
o Acquisition: 33mA
o Tracking: 30mA
Low Power operating modes
User selectable host interface : UART / SPI / I2C
hibernate current consumption 50uA, typical
SMD type LGA; a stamp holes adaptor is available for manual solder process
Small form factor: 15.7x10.0x2.0 mm
Applications
Navigation
Quadcopters, drones
Dynamic Navigation
Portable (“nomadic”) devices
Netbooks, tablet PCs and mobile phones
Location based applications
GPS Logger
GPS Tracker
Security devices
Camera equipment
Geofencing
Health and fitness devices
GPS & GLONASS antenna module
GNS 802
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3
2 INDEX
1 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
2 INDEX --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
3.1 Block diagram -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
3.2 System description --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
3.3 GPS and GLONASS simultaneous operation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5
3.4 Power Management Unit --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
3.5 Selectable Power management features ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
3.6 Logger function ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
3.7 Active interference cancellation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
3.8 Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9
3.9 Pulse Per Second (PPS) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10
3.10 SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation) support ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10
3.11 Last position retention --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
3.12 GPS almanac and ephemeris data--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
3.13 Real time clock (RTC) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
3.14 Host interface ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
3.15 HW operation control ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
3.16 Module default settings -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14
3.17 GNS802 feature selection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14
4 TYPICAL APPLICATION BLOCK DIAGRAM ------------------------------------------------------------ 15
4.1 Typical System overview ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
5 GNSS characteristics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16
5.1 GNSS characteristics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16
5.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17
5.3 Recommended Operating Conditions ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17
5.4 Electrical characteristics ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17
6 DESIGN GUIDELINES --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
6.1 PCB LAYOUT GUIDELINES ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
7 DEVICE PINOUT DIAGRAM --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
7.1 Pin configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
7.2 Pin assignment ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
8 NMEA DATA interface --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22
8.1 NMEA output sentences for GPS and GLONASS ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22
8.2 NMEA command interface------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23
9 PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29
10 RECOMMENDED PAD LAYOUT ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 30
11 MATERIAL INFORMATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31
12 RECOMMENDED SOLDERING REFLOW PROFILE --------------------------------------------------- 31
13 PACKAGE INFORMATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
13.1 TAPE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
13.2 REEL ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33
14 ORDERING INFORMATION-TBD --------------------------------------------------------------------- 34
15 FCC AND CE COMPLIANCE -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34
16 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ------------------------------------------------------------------- 34
17 MOISTURE SENSITIVITY ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35
18 DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY -------------------------------------------------------------------- 35
19 RELATED DOCUMENTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 35
GPS & GLONASS antenna module
GNS 802
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3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
3.1 Block diagram
3.2 System description
The GNS802 core is a high performance, low power GPS and GLONASS receiver with Galileo option
that includes an integrated RF frontend and a high performance chip antenna.
Also GNS802 provides position, velocity and time measurements without any host loading. This,
coupled with the optional built-in power management options, reduces the overall system power
budget.
GNS802 is a complete GNSS engine, including:
- Full GPS and GLONASS processing without any host processing requirements
- Standard NMEA message output
- A powerful command and control interface
- All clock sources integrated on module
- RF frontend and a chip antenna
- Rich additional features like logger (needs external SPI memory), Self predicted AGPS
(needs external SPI memory or host assistance)
GPS/
GLONASS
chip
32.768kHz
crystal
26.000 MHz
TCXO
SAW
filter
GND
SPI memory interface
1PPS
TXDA
RXDA
VDD
RESET
4
VIO
ON_OFF
Embedded
chip antenna
LNA
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3.3 GPS and GLONASS simultaneous operation
GNS802 supports tracking of the GPS and the GLONASS satellite system at one time. This feature
enhances the overall performance significantly.
Increased availability of number of satellites
Increased spatial distribution allows better geometrical conditions
Reduced Horizontal (HDOP) and Vertical Dilution of Precision (VDOP) factors
Using a combined receiver, users have an access to potentially 48 or more satellites. This high
number of satellites can overcome the typical problems of restricted visibility of the sky, such as in
urban canyons or indoor scenarios.
3.4 Power Management Unit
GNS8082 offers exceptional power management options. Main power supply voltage can be chosen
freely and can be altered (even during operation) between 2.3V and 4.3V. GNS802 can be operated
directly with a LiIon cell without any need of an LDO.
The integrated SMPS controls the voltage and keeps the power consumption almost at a constant
level of ~83..115mW.
Note : On request, GNS802 is also available for a fixed 1.8V supply. The 1.8V option disables the switching
regulator by hardware, restricting the allowed supply voltage to 1.75 to 1.85 V.
I/O pins will be supplied independently through a dedicated VIO pin with a fixed voltage between 1.8
and 3.5V. This saves any need for external I/O level shifters.
Note: In hibernation mode, the current that flows into VIO pin will rise if VIO is higher than 3.1V. At 3.3V, IIO will be 120µA ,
at 3.6V it will be ~300µA.
Fig. 2. Current consumption and power requirement at full power operation vs. Voltage at VDD. VIO is 3.3V
0
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,1
0,12
2,3 2,8 3,3 3,8 4,3
current tracking[A]
power tracking[W]
current acquisition[A]
power acquisition[W]
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3.5 Selectable Power management features
GNS802 can be switched to several power saving functions through the command interface.
An additional ON_OFF pin switches the module between standby and full operation, keeping the
Real Time Clock (RTC) and the RAM alive to provide quick hot starts when being waked up again.
Please refer to the GNS802NMEAcommandInterface_manual for detailed information.
In Full Power Mode all components are fully active and a position fix is calculated every
second.
Push To Fix Mode II allows a long duty-cycle operation with periodic maintenance of the
position fix. An instant fix can be demanded by the host by sending an appropriate
command to the GNS802. Specific periods allow synchronization with the GNSS satellites.
This minimizes power used searching for framing patterns.
Using The Micro Power Mode with Awareness, the system is commanded to enter a very
low power mode with dynamically scheduled wakeups for updates and when the actual user
position changes.
Trickle Power Mode saves power by switching the receiver to a slower navigation update.
The update rate is selectable. However, when signal conditions do require shorter cycles, the
802 will increase activity to maintain adequate position accuracy.
Trickle Power II Mode implements an additional power reduction by modulating the RF
stage power requirements depending on signal conditions.
In Standby mode, the RF frontend and internal MPU are switched to deep sleep state.
Power consumption is reduced to 50µA. This state can be entered by sending the
appropriate command or by applying a positive going pulse to the ON_OFF pin.
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3.6 Logger function
Together with an externally connected SPI flash memory, GNS802 provides an autonomous logger
function that automatically stores position information. A complete tracking unit can be realized
without any external CPU.
The parameters for logging are programmable via the NMEA command interface. The following
parameter can be set to optimize logging time:
- logger rate (1..65535 seconds)
- distance threshold for logging (prevents static logs)
- speed threshold for logging (prevents static logs)
- memory management (circular or stop on full)
- record format (position, altitude, speed, accuracy)
The commands for logger include:
- logger status request
- start logging
- stop logging
- erase memory
- readout memory
please refer to chapter 8.2 NMEA command interface for details.
The available memory for logging purpose is depending on the total size of the flash:
4 Mbit SPI Flash:
Allocation is 25 sectors of 4096 bytes each.
Total: 102,400 bytes
8 Mbit SPI Flash:
Allocation is 32 sectors of 4096 bytes each.
Total: 131,072 bytes
Other sectors are reserved for EE/Alamanac/Patch/Calibration data.
Logger Function
Min
Max
Unit
Comment
Logger data rate
1
65535
s
Logger data memory
User
defined
kBytes
External SPI Flash memory
Logger trigger
programm
able
Logger can be triggered on
time, speed, movement[m]
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3.7 Active interference cancellation
Multiple interference mitigation strategies address CW, narrowband and wideband interference, and
crosscorrelation and multipath effects.
The primary types of interference caused by jamming signals are:
CW interference and other sources of interference that are substantially narrower than the
nominal receiver IF bandwidth (6 MHz).
Pulsed interference from sources such as a GSM transmitter.
Cross-correlation interference from a satellite signal that has a strong C/No, which the GNSS
receiver
Even with these features in place, pay close attention to system co-existence and board-level EMC
issues, and design to avoid jamming in the GNSS receiver. The above features are only useful if the
GNSS receiver remains linear and outside compression. Exercising these features will have an
impact on sensitivity and power consumption and should never be used as a substitute for good
design practice.
GNS802 uses the following strategies to handle interference signals. All cancellation features are
active by default except the LTE Immunity mode
3.7.1 Bandwidth Restriction
If interference is in the GPS band and falls outside the 2 MHz main-lobe of the GPS signal, then a 2 MHz-wide
bandstop filter attenuates the interference. When the filter is used, GPS C/No degrades by approximately 0.3
dB because of the removal of the outer sidebands.
3.7.2 Active Notching
Interference falling within the 2 MHz GPS band and 8 MHz GLONASS band is mitigated with GNS802 internal
filters and tone cancellers. GNS802 actively detects, tracks and removes the 8 strongest internal or external
jamming signals in both GPS and GLONASS bands, without requiring prior knowledge of the jamming signal.
3.7.3 Software Detection
GNS802 automatically detects and tracks in-band interference without prior knowledge of the jammer signal or
its characteristics. Algorithms monitor the behaviour of signals. If a suspect signal is detected, the algorithms
clear, reset and restart the channel assigned to track the satellite PRN.
3.7.4 Pulsed-interference Mitigation
GNS802 contains technology to mitigate pulsed interference from GSM transceivers. When a pulse is detected,
the signal path is blocked. When the pulse is no longer detected, the signal path is unblocked.
3.7.5 Cross-correlation Interference
GNS802 uses cross-correlation mitigation technology. This technology avoids the interference that a strong
satellite can cause to a weak satellite.
3.7.6 GPS Active Jamming Removal
GPS active jamming removal detects the 8 strongest jamming frequencies in the ±1 MHz centre band.
3.7.7 GLONASS Active Jamming Removal
This function detects the 8 strongest jammers in the ±4 MHz GLONASS band, by monitoring amplitude and
frequency
3.7.8 LTE Immunity Mode
LTE immunity mode is recommended if a LTE transceiver is part of the application. This mode will significantly
improve LTE immunity but also reduce the average sensitivity by 1dB. It will be started or stopped through an
OSP command.
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3.8 Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS)
A-GNSS allows speeding up TTFF (TimeToFirstFix) by injecting ephemeris data from an external
source into the module’s memory. With the help of these data, the module does not need to acquire
satellite positions by receiving the data from the satellites.
Depending on time and position information that is still available in the module memory, the TTFF
can be reduced to just a few seconds.
All A-GNSS technologies require an external SPI memory or host based memory support.
GNS 802 supports 2 different A-GNSS strategies:
CGEE self predicted Ephemeris – works on module
The GNSS engine can predict ephemeris data based on actually collected satellite data. The
prediction period is up to three days. The main advantage of self prediction is that no server
connection is needed. TTFF is 9..15 seconds.
Note:
Predicted ephemeris data is stored in external SPI memory or on the host respectively.
SGEE predicted ephemeris – long prediction periods
Is based on predicted ephemeris data that can be downloaded from a Server. A device that uses
SGEE has to connect to the internet from time to time and download a predicted data file. The
maximum prediction time frame is up to 31 days. One day will need 11kBytes download for GPS
and 9kByte for Glonass prediction data. The TTFF is as short as 5..10 seconds.
SGEE data must be held in a connected SPI memory or can be stored on the attached host. The
required commands can be implemented in NMEA or in OSP as described in the respective
documents.
Note: Due to CSR’s new licence rules, valid from beginning of 2015, Server based AGPS will cause significant
costs . GNS does not recommend to choose this option.
SUPL A-GNSS – ultra low TTFF
Is a real time ephemeris, time and almanac download. It needs 1.5kByte for GPS and 3kBytes for
Glonass. The valid period is up to 4 hours. SUPL A-GNSS provides the best performance, but needs
a network connection whenever the aiding is needed. TTFF is almost the same as for hot fix, ~ 1
second. This option is not free of charge and may require invidual programming.
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3.9 Pulse Per Second (PPS)
GNS802 provides a Pulse Per Second (PPS) hardware output pin (GPIO 5, pin 13) for timing
purposes. After calculation of a 3D position fix (default setting), the PPS signal is accurately aligned
to the GPS second boundaries. The pulse generated is 250 milliseconds in duration and the
repetition rate is 1 second.
No pulse will be generated when there’s no fix available.
After having had a stable 3D fix and the PPS synchronized, a 2D- fix will be sufficient to keep the
PPS working.
GNS802 module provides a low RMS jitter of typical 30 nanoseconds.
PPS characteristics based upon a 3D-fix
min
typ
max
Unit
comment
1PPS pulse duration
249
250
251
msec
1PPS time jitter
-
±30
-
nsec
RMS
Pulse rising edge jitter from
average pulse, measured with
full 3D fix, -130dBm , 4SVs
1PPS time deviation
from GPS second
-100
-
+100
nsec
Pulse rising edge deviation from
expected (GNS) pulse time,
measured with full 3D fix, -
130dBm , 4SVs
1PPS rise and fall time
-
5
-
nsec
10%..90%, load is 10k||5pF
table 1
3.10 SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation) support
GNS802 supports Satellite Based Augmentation for improvement of the navigation precision.
Correction data is sent from geostationary satellites to the GPS receiver. GNS802 supports
European, US, and Asian augmentation systems (WAAS, MSAS,GAGAN and EGNOS) to enable
precision improvements in nearly every region of the world.
SBAS is inactive by default and must be activated after the module is power-cycled. See 8.2.6 for
command details.
T1
T2
T1 = 250ms
T2 = 1sec
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3.11 Last position retention
Depending on the application, it might be useful to retain the last position or to clear the position
when having no fix solution. Storage of last position data needs a permanent connection of power
on VDD_AUX pin.
3.12 GPS almanac and ephemeris data
For quick re-acquisition of the GPS after off-times, the GPS engine should have access to almanac
and ephemeris data. This data is permanently stored inside GNS802 module, as long as a battery is
connected to VDD_AUX. When the GPS is powered-up again, the data will be used to allow a quick
re-acquisition, as soon as coarse time information is available. Time will be available immediately,
when RTC is kept running.
3.13 Real time clock (RTC)
GNS802 has a real time clock with 32,768Hz crystal onboard. As long as VDD is connected to a
power source, the real time clock and the module memory can be kept alive at very low power
consumption of just 50uA. The RTC will track the current time and enable the module to start from
sleep states with very fast time to first Fix (TTFF).
3.14 Host interface
The host interface is used for GNSS data reports and receiver control
GNS802 provides three different options for interfacing a host system.
1. The UART interface with selectable baud rates
2. SPI interface : 4 wire with additional Interrupt line
3. I2C interface : 2 wire , slave device
The kind of Interface is selected through external resistors on pins 9 and 10.
Pull up and pull down must be performed over a 10kΩ resistor
Interface selection through bootstrap resistors
9
10
UART
Pull up
-
SPI
-
-
I2C
-
Pull down
table 2
GNS802 core works at 1.2V/1.8V internally. A flexible I/O supply structure allows selecting the I/O
interface voltage by connecting the desired voltage to the VIO input.
The maximum voltage at VIO is limited to 3.5V.
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3.14.1 UART interface
The UART interface can be used with or without hardware handshake. The baud rate of the UART
can be selected over a software command or via hardware. The maximum baud rate is 1.2288
Mbps. Hardware handshake is available through CTS and RTS pins.
UART default settings
Baud rate
See below table
Data byte
8 Bit
Stop bit
1
Parity
None
table 3
The hardware baud rate selection supports 4 standard values that can be selected through GPIO 0
and 1 on pins 3 & 4. The following options can be selected
UART baud&protocol selection through bootstrap resistors
3
4
protocol
4800
Pull up
Pull up
NMEA
9600
Pull down
Pull up
NMEA
38400
Pull up
Pull down
NMEA
115200
Pull down
Pull down
OSP
table 4
3.14.2 SPI interface
The SPI interface is configured as a slave and uses 4-wires. An additional interrupt is used to for
signalling data availability
3.14.3 I2C interface
The I2C interface can be operated at max. 100kbps or 400kbps. It operates in multi master mode.
Multi-master Mode
Multi-master mode requires that hardware detect and arbitrate between collisions for master status
and data direction. Master or slave mode is determined from clock contention, whichever device is
generating the clock is the master and all other devices are slave.
In the event of contention time-out, the master device must take control of the error detection and
retries.
I2C Addresses
Address format is 7-bit by default and can be set to 10-bit. I2C supports multiple masters and
multiple slaves. GNS802 address as master/sending is 0x62 and as slave/receiving is 0x60.
Access Contention
When GNS802 operates in multi-master mode on the I2C bus, contention is managed by all
connected master devices. Hardware resolves contention and collision retries. You must ensure that
the bus capacity is adequate for the bus data transfer load peaks and that resulting latencies are
not detrimental to system performance.
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I2C Interface requirements
I2C requirements
Data frame size
8 bit octets
Data bit order
MSB first
Maximum bytes
per transfer
No limit
Clock rate
Max 400kbps,
When GNS802 is master, the rate can be set using OSP message
Bus contention
timeout
30ms, fixed
table 5
notes:
1. GNS802 may either lose or garble serial messages if the host does not poll often enough to fetch all messages.
The system design assumes unrestricted outflow of serial messages.
2. When switching GNS802 to HIBERNATE mode, using an orderly shutdown with an ON_OFF pulse or by OSP/NMEA
command message, GNS802 continues to run until I2C transmit/output buffers are empty. At slow I2C serial port speeds,
with a high volume of data, time-to-turn-off may be up to one second even with no throttling or pacing from bus contention.
If multi-master mode contention or clock stretching on the I2C bus stops output of data from GNS802, GNS802 takes longer
to turn off. If the I2C bus is inadvertently seized, or another device holds the clocks or data line low and never releases,
GNS802 does not turn off until all pending messages have been sent.
3.15 HW operation control
GNS802 should be switched from active to hibernate through the ON_OFF pin. The pin toggles the
power state whenever a positive going edge is supplied.
After powering up the module, it remains in hibernate until the rising edge is seen on ON_OFF pin.
A time gap of 500ms should be between power on and issuing the ON_OFF pulse.
Alternatively, the module can be started automatically by connecting the WAKEUP pin to the
ON_OFF pin over a 10k resistor.
Notes:
1. This auto start configuration is not yet qualified by the chip manufacturer CSR
2. This option can not be used in conjunction with power saving trickle modes (see 3.5 )
GNS802 can be put to hibernate state (RTC on, last position and ephemeris is retained) at any time
with a positive edge on ON_OFF.
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3.16 Module default settings
The GNS802 module comes with default settings, which are persistently programmed in ROM.
Whenever all power is removed from the module (VIO and VDD), the settings will be reset to the
values shown in the following table.
Some settings (as host interface type and baud rate setting) can be selected through pull-ups and
pull-downs on some GPIO pins. Please refer to table 2,table 3,table 4.
The following table shows the defaults with all configuration pins left open.
Setting
Default value
Modification options
UART setting
9600,8,N,1
Bootstrap, see 3.14 ,
command via OSP or NMEA, see8.2.3
Host interface
-
Bootstrap option, see 3.14
Fix frequency (update rate)
1/sec
Selectable through OSP or NMEA, see 8.2
NMEA sentences
RMC,GSA,GSV,GSV,VTG,GGA
Selectable through OSP or NMEA, see 8.2.6
NMEA rate
Once a second:
RMC,GSA,VTG,GGA
every 5 sec :GSV sentences
Selectable through OSP or NMEA, see 8.2.6
Self prediction mode
off
Active interference cancellation
enabled
fixed
SBAS option
disabled
Selectable through OSP
Datum
WGS 84
Selectable through OSP or NMEA, see 8.2
PPS pulse output length
250ms
fixed
Logging parameters
Adjustable through OSP or NMEA, see 3.6
table 6
3.17 GNS802 feature selection
GNS802 provides a lot of interfacing and functional options. However, to keep the pin count low,
not all options can be used in any combination.
For the host connection, you can only choose one of the three options:
UART (2-wire or 4-wire) or I2C or SPI.
The option is selected via bootstrap resistors as described in 3.14.
For the second SPI (I2C), you can connect an external memory for logging option.
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4 TYPICAL APPLICATION BLOCK DIAGRAM
4.1 Typical System overview
Mobile device
MMI
(keys, display)
Power
Management
2.3~3.6V
GNS 802
Host
interface
VIO
VDD
Opt. SPI memory
host
CPU
ON_OFF
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5 GNSS characteristics
5.1 GNSS characteristics
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Note
general
Frequency
1575.42
MHz
GPS L1
1598.0625~
1609.3125
MHz
GLONASS L1
SV Numbers
GPS #1~32
GLONASS #65~96
DGPS
SBAS[QZSS,WAAS,EGNOS,
MSAS,GAGAN]
AGPS
See 3.8
Number of channels
52
Output data frequency
1
5
1/sec
Configurable
sensitivity
Navigation sensitivity**
-160
dBm
GPS
Navigation sensitivity**
-158
dBm
GLONASS
tracking sensitivity**
-165
dBm
GPS
tracking sensitivity**
-163
dBm
GLONASS
Acquisition sensitivity**
-146
dBm
autonomous
Start times (TTFF)
TTFF hotstart
<1
sec
All SVs @-130dBm ***
TTFF autonomous cold start
35
sec
All SVs @-130dBm ***
TTFF Warm Start
30
sec
All SVs @-130dBm ***
accuracy
Horizontal static
2.5
m
-130dBm
Velocity
0.01
m/s
At 30m/s
Heading
0.01
°
Dimension
9.3
*15.7*2.0
mm3
Tolerance is 0.2 mm
Weight
0.56
g
Power consumption
GPS/GLONASS ACTIVE
(acquisition)
33
mA
NMEA frequency = 1/sec*,SBAS
enabled, VDD=3.3V, VIO=3.3V
GPS/GLONASS ACTIVE
(tracking)
30
mA
NMEA frequency = 1/sec*, SBAS
enabled, VDD=3.3V, VIO=3.3V
Backup current @ 3V
50
μA
*note: further power savings are possible using power saving modes as described under Selectable Power management
features
** measured at RF input of GNSS chip.
*** -130dBm injected on input pin of GNSS chip
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ITAR limits static
Operation altitude
60,000
Ft
(~18,000 m)
Operation velocity
-
1200
mph
(~1900km/h)
ITAR limits dynamic
acceleration limit
58.86
m/s2
(6G) , at strong SV signals
Jerk limit
5
m/s3
5.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Value
Unit
Supply voltage range: VDD
–0.5 to 4.5
V
Interface voltage: VIO
–0.5 to 3.6
V
Input voltage to analog pins
–0.5 to 3.3
V
Operating ambient temperature range
–40 to +85
°C
Storage temperature range
–40 to +100
°C
5.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Note
VDD
2.3
4.3
V
supply voltage at pin VDD*
VIO
1.75
1.8V /
3.3V
3.5
V
I/O voltage that defines the
interface to the host processor
High level output voltage
VOH
0.8 * VIO
VIO
V
Low level output voltage
VOL
0
0.2*VIO
V
High-level input voltage
VIH
0.75* VIO
VIO
V
Low-level input voltage
VIL
0
0.30* VIO
V
Operating temperature
-40
85
°C
Full specified sensitivity
5.4 Electrical characteristics
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Note
Current consumption VDD
39
mA
@2.3V, full operation, see Fig 2
Current consumption VDD
29
mA
@4.3V, full operation, see Fig 2
Current consumption VDD
35
50
µA
@2.3V, hibernate mode, RTC
and RAM powered
Power consumption
99
109
mW
Current consumption VIO
1
µA
VIO = 2.3V
Current consumption VIO
200
µA
VIO = 3.4V
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6 DESIGN GUIDELINES
Although GNS802 GPS/GLONASS receiver provides best performance at low power consumption,
special care should be taken to provide clean signal and clean power supplies. Power lines should
be blocked near to the receiver with low ESR capacitors.
Radiated noise from neighbour components may also reduce the performance of the receiver.
Please refer to GNS802 Starter Kit User Manual for more information.
6.1 PCB LAYOUT GUIDELINES
GNS802 uses a high performance chip antenna design.
For optimum performance, a ground plane area is needed on the main board. This area should be
at least 20 x 30mm, a larger ground like 30 x 60mm is recommended.
The groundplane can be part of the main ground layer of the mainboard, some (small) components
in the neighbourhood of the antenna are acceptable. Do not place any bulky or metallic components
near to the antenna (in a distance below 30mm) to avoid unwanted electromagnetic shielding
effects.
It’s recommended to place GNS802 at the rim of the main PCB, so that the antenna has a wide
unobstructed working angle.
Position of chip
antenna on
802 module
Groundplane on
top & bottom.
Clearence area.
Keep clear on all
layers !
Be sure to solder
these pads
reliably !
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The marked clearance area below the antenna must be kept clear in any case ! Do not design any
copper tracks or planes in the clearance area !
The two ground solder pads near the chip antenna must be reliably soldered to mainboard
groundplanes to make the antenna work at high performance.
Please do not place any shielding or lids in the area 5mm below your PCB under the Clearance area.
Plastic enclosures can also have impact on the antenna. Avoid that the antenna is in touch with any
enclosure parts. Product testing should be performed with the PCB already mounted in the final
enclosure.
Generally the rules for good and low noise design should be followed:
Use a solid ground plane, best on layer 2 of the mainboard
Keep noisy components (µC, switch mode supplies) as far as possible away from sensitive
antenna inputs
Place decoupling capacitors near to the source of noise and provide a short and low
induction connection to ground (use multi-vias if needed)
EMC filters or noise filtering coils or beads can help to reduce the noise level further.
Select system clocks in a way, that no harmonics will match the GPS/Glonass frequency 0f
1575.42 to 1610 MHz
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7 DEVICE PINOUT DIAGRAM
7.1 Pin configuration
Top view
7.2 Pin assignment
Pin
Name
I/O
Description & Note
2
WAKEUP
O
Wakeup output
This pin indicates activity of the GPS and can be used to activate external system components
3
GPIO 1
I/O
Multipurpose pin #1
1. SPI for Logger memory :CLK_out
4
GPIO 0
I/O
Multipurpose pin #0
1. SPI for Logger memory :MISO
7
RXD
I
Serial Data Input
1. This pin receives UART commands from the host system
2. In SPI mode, this is the MOSI pin
8
TXD
O
Serial Data Output
1. This is the UART-A transmitter of the module. It outputs GPS information for application.
2. In SPI mode, this is the MISO pin
9
GPIO 6
I/O
Multipurpose pin #6
1. SPI host interface : CLK_in
2. CTS for UART
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10
GPIO 7
I/O
Multipurpose pin #7
1. SPI host interface : CS
2. RTS for UART
11
1PPS
O
1PPS Time Mark Output 2.8V CMOS Level
This pin provides one pulse-per-second output from the module and synchronizes to GPS time. Keep floating if
not used. Pulse length is 250ms
12
ON_OFF
I
Input for activity control
a low-to-high input rising edge initiates system transitions from the keep-alive/start-up or
HIBERNATE state to the RUN state. A subsequent low-to-high rising edge initiates an orderly shutdown
13
VIO
P
I/O System supply
Supply pin for the input / output system. Apply a voltage for the I/O lines , here (1.8 to 3.5V)
14
VDD
P
Main power supply
Apply the main operating voltage, here. Since the module has an internal switch mode regulator, the supply
voltage can be 2.3 to 4.3V
17
GPIO 4
I/O
Multipurpose pin #4
1. SPI for Logger memory :MOSI
18
GPIO 3
I/O
Multipurpose pin #3
1. Optional : Message waiting , Host Wakeup , signals availability of data*
2. SPI for Logger memory :CS
19
RESET
P
System reset pin
An external reset applied to this pin overrides all other internal controls. RESET# is an active low signal. Pulling
this pin low for at least 20 μs causes a system reset.
1,5,6,
15,16,
20
GND
P
Ground
I = INPUT; O = OUTPUT; I/O = BIDIRECTIONAL; P = POWER PIN; A = ANALOG PIN.
*message wait signalling needs osp commands to be activated, not available after POR !
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8 NMEA DATA interface
GNS802 provides NMEA 4.0 (National Marine Electronics Association) 0183 compatible data.
Additionally, a set of proprietary NMEA commands is available to send control messages to the
module.
For standard operation, no commands are needed; the module will start outputting NMEA sentences
after power supply has been attached. GNS802 will always start communication output with 9600
bit per second. Other rates can be hardware selected, see chapter 3.14 for details.
If non standard options are needed (f.e. other baud rate , other NMEA sequence) they can be
programmed from host controller during runtime.
Important note : options set by using NMEA command interface are not persistent! They will be lost
when power VDD_AUX is removed. A backup supply at VDD_AUX will be sufficient to keep them.
8.1 NMEA output sentences for GPS and GLONASS
NMEA output sentences
Type
content
Common sentences
RMC
Recommended Minimum Navigation Information
GGA
Fix Data, Time, Position and fix related data for a GPS receiver
GLL
Geographic Position - Latitude/Longitude
GSA
GLONASS DOP and active satellites
VTG
Course and Speed Information relative to the Ground
GSV
Satellites in view
GNS
GNSS Navigation data
NMEA output sentences indentifier, related to GNSS system:
NMEA output identifier
System
GGA
GSA
GSV
RMC
VTG
GPS
GPGGA
GPGSA
GPGSV
GPRMC
GPVTG
GPS+GLONASS
GPGGA
GNGSA
GPGSV
GLGSV
GPRMC1 or
GNRMC
GPVTG
Note1: Before 3D fix RMC output is GPRMC, after 3D fix it changes to GNRMC.
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8.2 NMEA command interface
GNS802 NMEA command interface allows to control settings and some of the extended functions.
Each command must be terminated with a ‘*’, a checksum and <CR><LF>.
The checksum (CS) must be calculated as a XOR of all Bytes excluding the $ and *.
8.2.1 ReceiverOff
$PSRF117
Receiver off command
Puts the receiver to deep sleep
Memory and RTC will be kept alive, allowing
the receiver to start again with a short TTFF
Structure
$PSRF117,16 *0B<CR><LF>
Fields
SID
16 (fixed)
Checksum (0B)
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example
$PSRF117,16*0B<CR><LF>
Puts the receiver to deep sleep
Note
This command requires patch 5.5.21 or
higher. Without a RAM patch, a similar OSP
command can be used.
8.2.2 PollSW_Version
$PSRF125
Retrieve the receiver firmware version
Returns the version in a $PSRF195 sentence
Structure
$PSRF125*21<CR><LF>
Fields
-
Checksum (21)
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example
$PSRF125*21<CR><LF>
A version string is sent.
8.2.3 Set Serial Port
$PSRF100
Set Serial Port
Defines SiRF or NMEA protocol, baud rate,
DataBits, StopBits, Parity
Structure
$PSRF100, protocol, Baud, DataBits, StopBits,
Parity, Checksum*CS, <CR><LF>
Fields
protocol
0 = SiRF binary 1 = NMEA
Baud
1200,…,115200 (all standard rates)
DataBits
8
StopBits
1
Parity
0
Checksum
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example
$PSRF100,0,9600,8,1,0*CS<CR><LF>
Sets serial port to SiRFbinary,9600bd,8,N,1
Default
setting after
power cycle
NMEA,9600bd,8,N,1
(bootstrap pull-up, pull-down can modify
default baud rate to other value)
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8.2.4 Navigation Initialization
$PSRF101
Navigation Initialization
Defines receiver restart options with or
without Initialization data. Correct
Initialization data can speed up data
acquisition and TTFF. Coordinates must be
given in ECEF format
Structure
$PSRF101, Xcoord, Ycoord, Zcoord, ClkDrift,
TimeOfWeek, WeekNo, ChannelCt, ResetCfg,
Checksum*CS, <CR><LF>
Fields
Xcoord
ECEF X in meters
Ycoord
ECEF Y in meters
Zcoord
ECEF Z in meters
ClkDrift
Use 0 for last saved value if available, use
96250 else
TimeOfWeek
GPS Time Of Week
WeekNo
GPS Week Number
ChannelCt
1..12
ResetCfg
1 : HotStart
2 : WarmStart (no Init)
3 : WarmStart (use init params)
4 : ColdStart (no Init)
8 : Factory reset (no Init)
Checksum
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example 1
$PSRF101,-2686700,-
4304200,3851624,96000,497260,921,12,3*CS<CR><LF>
Start the receiver in WarmStart mode using
the parameters
Example 2
$PSRF101,0,0,0,0,0,0,12,4*CS<CR><LF>
Perform a ColdStart without using
parameters. Please use the zeroes for the
GPS params and set the ChnCt to 12 !
Example 3
$PSRF101,0,0,0,0,0,0,12,8*CS<CR><LF>
Perform a Factory reset.
This will select SiRf binary protocol at
115200baud.
All stored parameters will be deleted.
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8.2.5 LLA Navigation Initialization
$PSRF104
Navigation Initialization
Defines receiver restart options with or
without Initialization data. Correct
Initialization data can speed up data
acquisition and TTFF.
This message is quite similar to $PSRF101,
but Coordinates must be given in degrees
format and altitude in meters
Structure
$PSRF104, Lat, Lon, Alt, ClkDrift, TimeOfWeek,
WeekNo, ChannelCt, ResetCfg, Checksum*CS,
<CR><LF>
Fields
Lat
Latitude in decimal degrees North +90..-90
Lon
Longitude in decimal degrees East +90..-90
Alt
Altitude in meters
ClkDrift
Use 0 for last saved value if available, use
96250 else
TimeOfWeek
GPS Time Of Week
WeekNo
GPS Week Number
ChannelCt
1..12
ResetCfg
1 : HotStart
2 : WarmStart (no Init)
3 : WarmStart (use init params)
4 : ColdStart (no Init)
8 : Factory reset (no Init)
Checksum
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example 1
$PSRF104,-
56.6757,6.009834,120,96250,497260,921,12,3*CS<CR><LF>
Start the receiver in WarmStart mode using
the parameters
Example 2
$PSRF104,0,0,0,0,0,0,12,4*CS<CR><LF>
Perform a ColdStart without using
parameters. Please use the zeroes for the
GPS params and set the ChnCt to 12 !
Example 3
$PSRF104,0,0,0,0,0,0,12,8*CS<CR><LF>
Perform a Factory reset.
This will select SiRf binary protocol at
115200baud.
All stored parameters will be deleted.
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8.2.6 Query / Rate Control
$PSRF103
Query / Rate Control
Defines output rate of the NMEA messages,
Navigation rate.
Allows to query a message at any time.
Defines whether a checksum should be
attached to NMEA messages.
Structure
$PSRF103, MsgToControl, Mode, Rate,
ChkSumEnable, *CS, <CR><LF>
Fields
MsgToControl
0 : GGA
1 : GLL
2 : GSA
3 : GSV
4 : RMC
5 : VTG
Mode
0 : Set Rate
1 : Query one time
2 : ABP on
3 : ABP off (default)
4 : Reverse EE on
5 : Reverse EE off (default)
6 : 5Hz navigation on
7 : 5 Hz navigation off (default)
8 : SBAS ranging on
9 : SBAS ranging off (default)
10:FTS (FastTimeSync) on
11:FTS (FastTimeSync) off
Rate
1 .. 255 seconds between messages.
Only if Mode field is 0, otherwise ignored
ChkSumEnable
0 : ChkSum enable (default)
1 : ChkSum disable
Example 1
$PSRF103,00,06,00,01*CS<CR><LF>
Set navigation update rate to 5 per second.
Note: select an appropriate serial baud rate
(see 8.2.3) when using high update rate!
Example 2
$PSRF103,00,09,00,01* CS<CR><LF>
Set SBAS support active
Example 3
$PSRF103,03,00,01,01* CS<CR><LF>
Set GSV rate to once every second (default
is once/5 seconds)
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8.2.7 DataLoggingCommand
$PSRF121
Data Logging Command
1. Starts or stops the data logger
function and defines the logging
data rate.
2. Clears memory
3. Allows readout of the data
4. provides Logger Status report
Structure
$PSRF121, Command, Logging Interval* CS,
<CR><LF>
Fields
Command
0 : Start logging
1 : Stop logging
2 : Clear memory
3 : retrieve logged data (response will be
$PSRF190<data>,<data>,….)
4 : retrieve logger status (response will be
$PSRF192<status data>
Logging Interval
1 .. 65535 [sec]
Checksum
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example
$PSRF121,0,5*CS<CR><LF>
Starts the logger and records a sample
every 5 seconds.
8.2.8 DataLoggingIntervalCommand
$PSRF122
Data Logging Interval Command
sets the data logger interval.
This message overrides the interval defined
in command 121.
The command can be sent any time, even
during a logging is active.
Structure
$PSRF122, Interval*CS, <CR><LF>
Fields
Interval
0..65535 [sec]
Checksum
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example
$PSRF122,12*CS<CR><LF>
Sets the logger interval to 12 seconds
8.2.9 DataLoggingThresholds
$PSRF123
Data Logging Threshold Definition
The logging can be controlled by thresholds.
As long as at least one of the two thresholds
is not met, there will be no data logged.
The command can be applied any time,
even during a logging is active.
By default, both thresholds are 0.
Structure
$PSRF123, DistanceThreshold,
SpeedThreshold* CS, <CR><LF>
Fields
DistanceThreshold
0..65535 [meters]
SpeedThreshold
0 ..515 [m/sec]
Checksum
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example
$PSRF123,15,2*CS<CR><LF>
Sets the minimal distance condition to 20m
and the minimum speed to 2 m/s.
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8.2.10 DataLogging Memory Management
$PSRF124
Data Logging memory management
Definition
This command defines the memory handling
and the kind of information, that is logged
into the memory.
The command must be issued before
starting the logger.
Structure
$PSRF124, StopOnFull, RecordType* CS,
<CR><LF>
Fields
StopOnFull
0 : No, use circular buffering (default).
When memory is full, new data will
overwrite the oldest existing data
1 : Stop, when memory is full
RecordType
0 : compatibility format
1 : position
2 : position&altitude
3 :position&altitude&speed
4 : position&altitude&speed&accuracy
Checksum
Calculated from all datafields (XOR’ed)
Example
$PSRF124,0,1*CS<CR><LF>
Sets the logger memory mode to wrap
around to adr 0 when full. Sets the record
type to ‘position’ only.
There are some more NMEA commands available for A-GPS Extended Ephemeris data download
from host to GNS802.
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9 PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
TOP VIEW
all units in mm, tolerance is ±0.2mm
0.90
0.55
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10 RECOMMENDED PAD LAYOUT
TOP VIEW
all units in mm
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11 MATERIAL INFORMATION
Complies to ROHS standard
ROHS documentations are available on request
Contact surface: gold over nickel
12 RECOMMENDED SOLDERING REFLOW PROFILE
Notes:
1. GNS802 should be soldered in upright soldering position. In case of head-over soldering, please prevent
shielding / GNS802 Module from falling down.
2. Do never exceed maximum peak temperature
3. Reflow cycles allowed : 1 time
4. Do not solder with Pb-Sn or other solder containing lead (Pb)
5. This device is not applicable for flow solder processing
6. This device is applicable for solder iron process
100
200
300
t[sec]
100
200
T[°C]
250°C max
250°C for 10 sec max
230°C for 40 sec max
160°C 190°C 120 sec
reflow solder
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13 PACKAGE INFORMATION
13.1 TAPE
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13.2 REEL
:
Number of devices: 1500 pcs/reel
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14 ORDERING INFORMATION-TBD
Ordering information
Type
Part#
label marking
Description
GNS802
4037735105058
GNS802
GPS&GLONASS
GNSS antenna
module
15 FCC AND CE COMPLIANCE
This product has passed FCC and CE tests successfully. The module emission and immunity has
been proven to be compliant.
However, applications using this module as a component must pass CE and/or FCC again in whole.
16 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION
This product is free of environmental hazardous substances and complies with 2002/95/EC. (RoHS
directive).
Type
Datecode/ROMver
serial#
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17 MOISTURE SENSITIVITY
This device must be prebaked before being put to reflow solder process.
Disregarding may cause destructive effects like chip cracking, which leaves the device defective !
Shelf life
6 months , sealed
Possible prebake recommendations
12 hrs @ 60°C
Floor life (time from prebake to solder process)
<72 hrs
18 DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY
V0.1
Nov 2013
P.Skaliks
initial , internal , not published
V0.2
Dec 14 2013
P.Skaliks
Preliminary, first release
V0.3
Feb 20 2014
P.Skaliks
Added new pictures, laser marking, part number (EAN),corrected logger commands for
NMEA, corrected GPIO 3 functions, added size of copper plane, note in Vio range .
V1.0
July 8 2014
P.Skaliks
Dsign guidelines, document formatting
V1.1
Aug 20 2014
P.Skaliks
Design guidelines
V1.2
Sep 8 2014
P.Skaliks
Added rom version to laser marking / AGPS details
V1.3
Oct 6 2014
P.Skaliks
Packaging information / part outline
V1.4
Feb 2 2015
P.Skaliks
Document structure, pwr consumption , MEMS option removed, not available in this ROM,
added ROMversion to laser marking. AGPS server based option edited
V1.5
Apr 14 2015
P.skaliks
Correction SPI interface: pin 9,10 have been mixed up
19 RELATED DOCUMENTS
Title
Description / File
Available from
GNS802 StarterKit user manual
User manual for the GNS802 receiver
based evaluation kit
www.forum.gns-gmbh.com
CSR NMEA protocol
Detailed description of NMEA protocol
GNS, NDA required
CSR OSP manuals
Description of binary protocol
GNS, NDA required
CSR SGEE/CGEE manuals and
resources
Description and sample code for
SGEE/CGEE
GNS, NDA required
CSR patch process documentation
and sample code
Description/sample code of the patch
load procedure for firmware
improvements
GNS, NDA required
GNS GMBH 2014
THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENTATION DOES NOT FORM ANY QUOTATION OR CONTRACT. TECHNICAL DATA ARE DUE TO BE CHANGED WITHOUT
NOTICE.
NO LIABILITY WILL BE ACCEPTED BY THE PUBLISHER FOR ANY CONSEQUENCE OF THIS DOCUMENT'S USE.
REPRODUCTION IN WHOLE OR IN PART IS PROHIBITED WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
