MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver General Description The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 are interfaces between the protocol controller and the physical wires of the bus lines in a controller area network (CAN). The devices provide differential transmit capability and switch to single-mode if certain fault conditions occur. The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 guarantee full wakeup capability during failure modes. The extended fault-protected voltage range of CANH and CANL bus lines of 80V. Current-limiting and thermalprotection circuits protect the transmitter output stage against overcurrent faults to prevent destruction of the transmitter output stage. The CANH and CANL lines are also protected against electrical transients that may occur in rugged environments. The transceiver provides three low-power modes that can be entered and exited through pins STB and EN. An output INH pin can be used for deactivation of an external voltage regulator. The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 are designed to provide optimal operation for a specified data rate. The MAX3054 is ideal for high data rates of 250kbps. The MAX3055 is used for data rates of 125kbps and the MAX3056 is designed for 40kbps applications. For 40kbps and 125kbps versions, a built-in slope-control feature allows the use of unshielded cables, and receiver input filters guarantee high noise immunity. Applications Features 80V Fault Protection Low RFI/Excellent EMC Immunity Full Wake-Up Capability During Failure Modes Bus Failure Management Support Single-Wire Transmission Mode with Ground Offset Voltages Up to 1.5V Thermally Protected Do Not Disturb the Bus Line when Unpowered Low-Current Sleep and Standby Mode with Wake-Up Through Bus Lines Up to 250kbps Data Rate (MAX3054) Pin and Functionally Compatible with TJA1054 Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE DATA RATE MAX3054ASD+ -40C to +125C 250kbps PINPACKAGE 14 SO MAX3055ASD+ -40C to +125C Slew control 14 SO 125kbps MAX3056ASD+ -40C to +125C Slew control 14 SO 40kbps +Lead-free/RoHS-compliant package Industrial HVAC Typical Operating Circuit Pin Configuration VBATT +12V BATTERY CAN CONTROLLER +5V 2 3 TXD RXD 7 WAKE RTH 8 CAN BUS 19-2687; Rev 1; 9/14 5 STB 6 EN 4 1 ERR INH 10 VCC MAX305_ CANH CANL 11 12 GND BATT RTL 9 13 100nF 14 FAULT TO 80V TOP VIEW INH 1 TXD 2 RXD 3 ERR 4 14 BATT MAX3054 MAX3055 MAX3056 STB 5 13 GND 12 CANL 11 CANH 10 VCC EN 6 9 RTL WAKE 7 8 RTH SO MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Absolute Maximum Ratings (All Voltages are Referenced to GND) Supply Voltage (VCC)...............................................-0.3V to +6V Battery Voltage (VBATT).........................................-0.3V to +80V TXD, RXD, ERR, STB, EN........................ -0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) CANH, CANL...........................................................-80V to +80V RTH, RTL...............................................................-0.3V to +80V RTH, RTL Current...........................................................180mA WAKE.....................................................................-0.3V to +80V INH.........................................................-0.3V to (VBATT + 0.3V) INH Current.......................................................................-0.5mA Transient Voltage (ISO 7637)................................. -200V, +200V Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 14-Pin SO (derate 8.3mW/C above +70C)................667mW Operating Temperature Range.......................... -40C to +125C Junction Temperature.......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range............................. -65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +300C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC Electrical Characteristics (VCC = +5V 5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100, TA = +25C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Dominant normal operating mode, no load, TXD = 0 16 30 Recessive normal operating mode, TXD = VCC 4 10 Low-power modes: VTXD = VCC, VBATT = 14V 3 10 A 54 125 A 3.5 V VOLTAGE SUPPLIES Supply Current Battery Current Battery Power on Flag Threshold STB, EN, AND TXD ICC IBATT VPWRON High-Level Input Voltage VIH Low-Level Input Voltage VIL Low-power modes at VTRL = VBATT, VBATT = VWAKE = VINH = 5V to 27V Low-power modes mA 5 1.0 2.4 V 0.8 High-Level Input Current IIH VIN = 4V Low-Level Input Current IIL VIN = 1V Supply Voltage--Forced Standby Mode (Fail-Safe) VFS VBATT = 14V High-Level Output Voltage VOH IOUT = -1mA Low-Level Output Voltage VOL IOUT = 7.5mA STB and EN TXD STB and EN TXD 9 20 -200 -80 -25 4 8 -800 -320 2.75 -100 V A A 4.50 V VCC V 0.9 V RXD AND ERR WAKE Wake-Up Threshold Voltage Low-Level Input Current www.maximintegrated.com VTH(WAKE) IIL(WAKE) VCC - 0.5 0 VSTB = 0V 2.0 2.7 3.4 V VWAKE = 0V -10 -4 -1 A Maxim Integrated 2 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver DC Electrical Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V 5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100, TA = +25C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS INH High-Level Voltage Drop Leakage Current VH ILEAK(INH) INH = -0.18mA, standby mode Sleep mode, VINH = 0V 0.8 V 5 A CANH, CANL VCC = 5V, no failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9 -3.5 -3.2 -2.9 Differential Receiver Threshold VDIFF Differential Receiver Hysteresis HYST No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9 CANH Recessive Output Voltage VOCH TXD = VCC, RTH < 4k CANL Recessive Output Voltage VOCL TXD = VCC, RTH < 4k VCC - 0.2 V CANH Dominant Output Voltage VOCHDOM TXD = 0V, R1 = 100 VCC - 1.4 V CANL Dominant Output Voltage VOCLDOM TXD = 0V, R1 = 100 CANH Output Current IO(CANH) CANL Output Current IO(CANL) VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, no failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9 -0.70 x VCC -0.58 x VCC 18 mV 200 1.4 VCANH = 0V, TXD = 0V -150 Low-power modes, VCANH = 0V, VCC = 5V -10 VCANL = 14V, TXD = 0V V -86 mV V mA A 75 130 mA 20 A 0.30 x VCC 0.37 x VCC V Low-power modes 1.1 2.5 3.9 V Low-power modes, VCANL = 42V, VBATT = 42V, RTL = open VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V Voltage Detection Threshold for Short Circuit to Battery on CANH VDET(CANH) Voltage Detection Threshold for Short Circuit to GND on CANL VDTG(CANL) Low-power modes 2.5 Voltage Detection Threshold for Short Circuit to Battery on CANL VDET(CANL) Normal mode, VCC = 5V 6.4 7.3 8.2 V CANL Wake-Up Threshold VTHL(WAKE) Low-power modes 2.5 3.2 3.9 V CANH Wake-Up Threshold VTHH(WAKE) Low-power modes 1.1 1.8 2.5 V VCC = 5V 1.50 1.70 1.85 VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V 0.30 x VCC CANH Single-Ended Receiver Threshold (Failures 4, 6, 7) VSE(CANH) CANH Single-Ended Receiver Hysteresis HYST www.maximintegrated.com 0.37 x VCC 10 V mV Maxim Integrated 3 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver DC Electrical Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V 5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100, TA = +25C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CANL Single-Ended Receiver Threshold VSE(CANL) CANL Single-Ended Receiver Hysteresis HYST CONDITIONS VCC = 5V VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V MIN TYP MAX 3.15 3.30 3.45 0.63 x VCC Failures 3, 8 0.69 x VCC 10 UNITS V mV RTL AND RTH RTL to VCC Switch On-Resistance RSW(RTL) IO = -10mA 36 100 RTH to VCC Switch On-Resistance RSW(RTH) IO = 10mA 23 100 -1.25 -0.65 -0.30 mA Output Current on Pin RTL IO(RTL) Low-power modes, VRTL = 0 RTL Pullup Current |IPU(RTL)| Normal and failures 4, 6, 7, RTL = 0V 20 107 200 A RTH Pulldown |IPU(RTH)| Normal and failures 3, 8, RTL = VCC 20 106 200 A THERMAL SHUTDOWN Shutdown Junction Temperature Thermal Protection Hysteresis TJ TJF6 For shutdown 165 During failure 6--switch off CANL only 140 THYS C 15 C AC Electrical Characteristics (VCC = +5V 5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100, TA = +25C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS TRANSITION TIME CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) CANL and CANH Bus Output Transition Time Recessive to Dominant (10% to 90%) t(r-d) CANL and CANH Bus Output Transition Time Dominant to Recessive (10% to 90%) t(d-r) 38 CL = 220pF to 3.3nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 100 700 CL = 560pF to 10nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 0.7 3.3 CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 130 CL = 220pF to 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 200 1200 CL = 560pF to 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 0.5 2.8 ns s ns s PROPAGATION DELAY TXD TO RXD LOW--DOMINANT TRANSMISSION (FIGURES 1, 2) Differential Reception www.maximintegrated.com tPDLD No failures, CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 600 Bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9, CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 750 No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9, CL = 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 1.5 No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9, CL = 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 4.7 ns s Maxim Integrated 4 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver AC Electrical Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V 5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100, TA = +25C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER Single-Ended Reception SYMBOL tPDLSE MAX UNITS Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) CONDITIONS MIN TYP 750 ns Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, CL = 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 1. 5 Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, CL = 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 4.7 s PROPAGATION DELAY TXD TO RXD HIGH--RECESSIVE TRANSMISSION (FIGURES 1, 2) Differential Reception Single-Ended Reception tPDHD tPDHSE No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9, CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 950 No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9, CL = 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 1.9 No failures and bus failures 1, 2, 5, 9, CL = 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 5.95 Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, CL = 330pF, MAX3054 (250kbps) 950 Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, CL = 1nF, MAX3055 (125kbps) 1.9 Bus failures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, CL = 3.3nF, MAX3056 (40kbps) 5.95 ns s ns s WAKE-UP TIMING Minimum Time for Wake-Up on CANL and CANH or WAKE tWAKE WAKE 8 38 s FAILURES TIMING Normal and MAX3054 (250kbps), low-power MAX3055 (125kbps) mode MAX3056 (40kbps) Failures 3 and 8 Detection Time Failures 4 and 7 Detection Time Failure 6 Detection Time www.maximintegrated.com tDET 1.9 5.7 9.5 5.5 16.5 27.0 0.3 1 1.9 1.0 3.2 5.5 MAX3054 (250kbps), MAX3055 (125kbps) 0.35 1.1 1.85 MAX3056 (40kbps) 0.93 2.97 5.00 Normal and MAX3054 (250kbps), low-power MAX3055 (125kbps) mode MAX3056 (40kbps) Normal mode ms Maxim Integrated 5 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver AC Electrical Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V 5%, VBATT = +5V to +42V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, VBATT = 14V, R1 = 100, TA = +25C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS Failures 3 and 8 Recovery Time Normal mode Failures 4 and 7 Recovery Time tREC Low-power mode Normal mode Failure 6 Recovery Time Minimum Hold Time of Go-to-Sleep Command Disable Time of TXD Permanent Dominant Timer Pulse Count Difference for Failures 1, 2, 5, 9 Detection (ERR Becomes Low) Pulse Count Difference for Failures 1, 2, 5, 9 Recovery (ERR Becomes High) MIN TYP MAX 0.36 1.14 1.90 1.0 3.2 5.5 1.7 5.6 9.5 MAX3055 (125kbps) 7 23 38 MAX3056 (40kbps) 22 70 119 MAX3054 (250kbps), MAX3055 (125kbps) 0.35 1.1 1.85 MAX3056 (40kbps) 1.0 3.2 5.5 MAX3054 (250kbps), MAX3055 (125kbps) 150 525 900 MAX3056 (40kbps) 390 1445 2500 Normal and MAX3054 (250kbps), low-power MAX3055 (125kbps) mode MAX3056 (40kbps) MAX3054 (250kbps) tHMIN tDIS(TXD) VTXD = 0 5 50 MAX3054 (250kbps), MAX3055 (125kbps) 0.9 4.5 MAX3056 (40kbps) 2.34 12.50 UNITS ms s ms s s ms 4 Count 3 4 5 Note 1: All currents into the device are positive; all currents out of the device are negative. All voltages are referenced to device ground, unless otherwise noted. Note 2: Failure modes 1 through 9 are explained in Table 1 and in the Detailed Description section. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 6 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Timing Diagrams/Test Circuits +5V VTXD VCC 10 GND 5V 3.6V 1.4V 0 VCANL VCANH 7 2 2.2V VCC 6 5 EN STB RTH WAKE CANL TXD 8 R1 CL R1 CL 12 MAX305_ -3.2V -5V VDIFF VRXD VCC/2 tPDL tPDH 1 VBATT CBYPASS 14 CANH INH RTL BATT ERR 4 GND 11 9 RXD 13 3 VDIFF = CANH - CANL CX = 15pF PROBE CAP INCLUDED Figure 1. Timing Diagram for Dynamic Characteristic Figure 2. Test Circuit for Dynamic Characteristics +5V 10 7 VCC 6 5 EN STB RTH WAKE 8 125 CL 511 2 CANL TXD 12 MAX305_ 1 +12V CBYPASS CANH INH 11 511 14 RTL BATT ERR 4 GND 13 RXD 3 9 125 CL CX = 15pF PROBE CAP INCLUDED Figure 3. Test Circuit for Typical Operating Characteristics www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 7 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Typical Operating Characteristics (VCC = +5V, VBATT = 12V, and TA = +25C. RTL = RTH = 511, R1 = 125, see Test Circuit Figure 3.) 5 -7 26 59 92 33 32 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 0 0 25 50 75 100 MAX3055 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE TA = -40C 10 20 30 400 RECESSIVE 350 300 200 40 DOMINANT 250 -50 -15 20 55 90 600 500 RECESSIVE 400 DOMINANT 300 200 125 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc06 35 450 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) TA = +125C -50 -15 20 55 90 MAX3056 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE MAX3054 DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE MAX3055 DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE DOMINANT 1.5 1.0 RECESSIVE 0.5 -15 20 55 TEMPERATURE (C) www.maximintegrated.com 90 125 200 CL = 330pF 175 DOMINANT 150 RECESSIVE 125 100 -50 -15 20 55 TEMPERATURE (C) 90 125 700 DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (s) CL = 3.3nF CL = 1nF DOMINANT 600 500 125 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc09 TEMPERATURE (C) MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc08 TEMPERATURE (C) MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc07 DATA RATE (kbps) -50 125 MAX3054 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc04 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) TA = -40C 34 MAX3056 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DATA RATE 34 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (s) TA = +25C 35 DATA RATE (kbps) TA = +25C 0 TA = +125C DATA RATE (kbps) 36 2.0 36 TEMPERATURE (C) 37 0 TA = -40C 34 32 125 38 33 35 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc05 -40 TA = +25C 33 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) 0 MAX3056 36 37 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 10 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc02 15 TA = +125C RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) SLEW RATE (V/ms) MAX3055 37 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc01 20 MAX3055 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DATA RATE MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc03 MAX3054 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DATA RATE SLEW RATE vs. TEMPERATURE RECESSIVE TO DOMINANT RECESSIVE 400 300 -50 -15 20 55 90 125 TEMPERATURE (C) Maxim Integrated 8 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V, VBATT = 12V, and TA = +25C. RTL = RTH = 511, R1 = 125, see Test Circuit Figure 3.) RECESSIVE 2.5 DOMINANT 2.0 2.5 TA = +125C 2.0 1.5 TA = +25C 1.0 -50 -15 20 55 90 0 125 TA = -40C 0 1.8 TA = +25C 1.2 10 15 20 25 30 0 TA = -40C 0 9 15 18 TA = -40C DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 5V/div RXD 5V/div 1 0 12 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc14 3 2 6 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) MAX3054 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY TA = +125C TA = +25C 3 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc13 DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V) 5 DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE vs. LOAD RESISTANCE 4 TA = +125C OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) TEMPERATURE (C) 5 2.4 0.6 0.5 1.5 RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH vs. OUTPUT CURRENT 3.0 VOLTAGE RXD (V) 3.0 3.0 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc11 CL = 3.3nF VOLTAGE RXD (V) MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc10 DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (s) 3.5 RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW vs. OUTPUT CURRENT MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc12 MAX3056 DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE 0 100 200 300 400 500 200ns/div LOAD RESISTANCE () MAX3055 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY MAX3056 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc15 400ns/div www.maximintegrated.com MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc16 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 5V/div DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 5V/div RXD 5V/div RXD 5V/div 1s/div Maxim Integrated 9 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V, VBATT = 12V, and TA = +25C. RTL = RTH = 511, R1 = 125, see Test Circuit Figure 3.) DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY RECESSIVE TO DOMINANT DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY DOMINANT TO RECESSIVE MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc17 TXD-TO-RXD PROPAGATION DELAY DOMINANT TO RECESSIVE MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc18 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc19 TXD 5V/div TXD 5V/div TXD MAX3056 MAX3054 MAX3055 MAX3055 MAX3056 MAX3054 MAX3056 MAX3055 MAX3054 1s/div 1s/div TXD-TO-RXD PROPAGATION DELAY RECESSIVE TO DOMINANT 1s/div MAX3056 CAN BUS AT 40kbps MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc20 MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc21 TXD CANH - CANL 5V/div MAX3054 MAX3055 FFT 1V/div MAX3056 1s/div 4s/div MAX3055 CAN BUS AT 125kbps MAX3054 CAN BUS AT 250kbps MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc22 2s/div www.maximintegrated.com MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 toc23 CANH - CANL 5V/div CANH - CANL 10V/div FFT 1V/div FFT 1V/div 400ns/div Maxim Integrated 10 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 INH Inhibit Output. Inhibit output is for switching an external voltage regulator if a wake-up signal occurs. 2 TXD Transmit Data Input 3 RXD Receive Data Output 4 ERR Error. Wake-up and power-on indication output; active low in normal operating mode when the bus has a failure and in low-power modes (wake-up signal or power-on standby). 5 STB Standby. The digital control signal input (active low) defines, together with input signal on pin EN, the state of the transceiver (in normal and low-power modes). 6 EN Enable. The digital control signal input defines, together with input signal on pin STB, the state of the transceiver (in normal and low-power modes). 7 WAKE 8 RTH Termination Resistor. Termination resistor connection for CANH bus. 9 RTL Termination Resistor. Termination resistor connection for CANL bus. 10 VCC Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 0.1F capacitor. 11 CANH High-Level Voltage Bus Line 12 CANL Low-Level Voltage Bus Line 13 GND Ground 14 BATT Battery Supply. Bypass to ground with a 0.1F capacitor. Wake-Up. Local wake-up signal input; falling and rising edges are both detected. Detailed Description The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 interface between the protocol controller and the physical wires of the bus lines in a CAN. The devices provide differential transmit capability and switch to single-wire mode if certain fault conditions occur (see the Failure Management section). The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 guarantee full wakeup capability during failure modes. The extended fault-protection range of CANH and CANL bus lines (80V). A current-limiting circuit protects the transmitter output stage against overcurrent faults. This feature prevents destruction of the transmitter output stage. If the junction temperature exceeds a value of approximately +165C, the transmitter output stages are disabled. The CANH and CANL lines are also protected against electrical transients, which can occur in harsh environments. The transceiver provides three low-power modes that can be entered and exited through pins STB and EN. An output INH pin can be used for deactivation of an external voltage regulator. MAX3055 is used for data rates of 125kbps and the MAX3056 is designed for 40kbps applications. For the 40kbps and 125kbps versions, the built-in slope-control feature allows the use of unshielded cables and receiver input filters guarantee high noise immunity. Normal Operation Mode Transmitter The transmitter converts a single-ended input (TXD) from the CAN controller to differential outputs for the bus lines (CANH, CANL). Receiver The receiver takes differential input from the bus lines (CANH, CANL) and converts this data as a singleended output (RXD) to the CAN controller. It consists of a comparator that senses the difference V = (CANH - CANL) with respect to an internal threshold. BATT The main function of BATT is to supply power to the device when +12V voltage is supplied. The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 are designed to provide optimal operation for a specified data rate. The MAX3054 is ideal for high data rates of 250kbps. The www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 11 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver BATT INH 1 STB 5 VCC 9 RTL THERMAL SHUTDOWN WAKE-UP STANDBY CONTROLLER WAKE 7 10 EN 6 TXD 2 DRIVER FAULT DETECTION CANH 12 CANL 8 RTH FILTER IPD ERR 4 FILTER 4ms 11 GND RXD 3 RECEIVER MAX305_ Figure 5. Block Diagram INH ERR Inhibit is an output that allows for the control of an external voltage regulator. On a wake-up request or power-up on BATT, the transceiver sets the output INH high. This feature enables the external voltage regulator to be shut down during sleep mode to reduce power consumption. ERR is a wake-up and power-on indicator as well as an error detector. Upon power-up, wake up, or when a bus failure is detected, the output signal on ERR becomes LOW. Upon error recovery, the output signal on ERR is set HIGH. INH is floating while entering the sleep mode and stays floating during the sleep mode. If INH is left floating, it is not set to a high level again until the following events occur: STB Power-on (VBATT switching on at cold start) STB is the standby digital control signal into the logic controller. This is an active-low input that is used with EN to define the status of the transceiver in normal and lowpower modes. Rising or falling edge on WAKE EN Dominant signal longer than 38s during EN or STB at low level The signals on STB and EN are internally set to low level when VCC is below a certain threshold voltage providing fail-safe functionality. After power-on (VBATT switched on) the signal on INH becomes HIGH and an internal power-on flag is set. This flag can be read in the power-on standby mode through ERR (STB = 1, EN = 0) and is reset by entering the normal operating mode. www.maximintegrated.com EN is the enable digital control signal into the logic controller used in conjunction with STB to define the status of the transceiver in normal and low-power modes. WAKE WAKE is an input to the logic controller within the device to signal a wake-up condition. If WAKE receives a positive or negative pulse for a period longer than tWAKE, wake up occurs. Maxim Integrated 12 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Failure Management Driver Output Protection Thermal Shutdown If the junction temperature exceeds +165C the driver is switched off. Thermal hysteresis is 15C, disabling thermal shutdown once the temperature reaches +150C. Overcurrent Protection A current-limiting circuit protects the transmitter output stage against a short circuit to a positive and negative battery voltage. Although the power dissipation increases during this fault condition, this feature prevents destruction of the transmitter output stage. The failure detector is fully active in normal operating mode. After the detection of a single failure the detector switches to the appropriate state (see Table 1). The differential receiver threshold voltage is set to -3.2V typically (VCC = 5V). This ensures correct reception with a noise margin as high as possible in the normal operating mode and in the event of failure 1, 2, 5, 9. If any of the wiring failures occur, the output signal on pin ERR becomes LOW after detection. On error recovery, the output signal on pin ERR becomes HIGH. Table 1. Failure States FAILURE DESCRIPTION MODE 1 CANH wire interrupted Normal 2 CANL wire interrupted Normal 3 CANH short circuited to battery 4 CANL short circuited to ground All 5 CANH short circuited to ground Normal 6 CANL short circuited to battery Normal 7 CANL mutually short circuited to CANH All 8 CANH short circuited to VCC All 9 CANL short circuited to VCC Normal All Failure 1--CANH Wire Interrupted (Normal Mode Only) MODE DESCRIPTION Detection The external termination resistance connected to the RTH pin provides an instantaneous pulldown of the open CANH line to GND. Detection is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANH and CANL (pulse count = 4). Receiver The receiver remains in differential mode. No received data lost. Driver Driver remains in differential mode. No transmission data lost. Recovery Recovery is provided sensing the pulse-count difference between CANH and CANL after the detection of four consecutive pulses. Failure 2--CANL Wire Interrupted (Normal Mode Only) MODE DESCRIPTION Detection The external termination resistance connected to the RTL pin provides an instantaneous pullup of the CANL line to VCC. Detection is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANL and CANH (pulse count = 4). Receiver The receiver remains in differential mode. No received data lost. Driver Driver remains in differential mode. No transmission data lost. Recovery Recovery is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANL and CANH after the detection of four consecutive pulses. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 13 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Table 1. Failure States (continued) Failure 3--CANH Short-Circuited to Battery MODE DESCRIPTION Detection Sensing a permanent dominant condition on CANH for a timeout period. Receiver Receiver switches to single ended on CANL. Driver CANH and RTH are both switched off (high impedance) and transmission continues on CANL after timeout. Recovery When the short is removed, the recessive bus voltage is restored. If the differential voltage remains below the recessive threshold level for the timeout period, reception and transmission switch back to the differential mode. Failure 4--CANL Short-Circuited to GND MODE DESCRIPTION Detection Sensing a permanent dominant condition for a timeout period. Receiver Receiver switches to single ended on CANH. Driver CANL and RTL are both switched off (high impedance) and transmission continues on CANH after timeout. Recovery When the short is removed, the recessive bus voltage is restored. If the differential voltage remains below the recessive threshold level for the timeout period, reception and transmission switch back to the differential mode. Failure 5--CANH Short-Circuited to Ground or Below Ground (Normal Mode Only) MODE DESCRIPTION Detection Detection is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANH and CANL (pulse count = 4). Receiver Receiver remains in differential mode. No received data lost. Driver RTH remains on and CANH remains enabled. Recovery Recovery is provided, sensing the edge-count difference between CANH and CANL after the detection of four consecutive pulses. Failure 6--CANL Short-Circuited to Battery (Normal Mode Only) MODE DESCRIPTION Detection Detected by a comparator for CANL > 7.3V after a timeout period. Receiver Receiver switches to single ended on CANH after timeout. Driver RTL is switched off after timeout. CANH remains active. Recovery Sensing CANL < 7.3V after the timeout period. Failure 7--CANL Mutually Short-Circuited to CANH MODE DESCRIPTION Detection Sensing a permanent dominant condition on the differential comparator (CANH - CANL > -3.2V) for the timeout period. Receiver Receiver switches to CANH single-ended mode after timeout. Driver CANL and RTL are both switched off after timeout. Transmission remains ongoing on CANH. Recovery When the short is removed, the recessive bus voltage is restored (RTL on if CANH - CANL < -3.2V) but CANL still remains disabled and ERR = 0. If the differential voltage remains below the recessive threshold level (CANH - CANL < -3.2V) for the timeout period, reception and transmission switch back to the differential mode. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 14 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Table 1. Failure States (continued) Failure 8--CANH Short-Circuited to VCC MODE DESCRIPTION Detection Sensing a permanent dominant condition on CANH for a timeout period. Receiver Receiver switches to single ended on CANL. Data lost (permanent dominant) during timeout. Driver CANH and RTH are both switched off (high impedance) and transmission continues on CANL after timeout. Only a weak pulldown current on pin RTH remains. Recovery When the short is removed (CANH < 1.7V) and after a timeout, CANL is forced recessive (CANL off) and CANH is enabled (RTH on and CANH enabled). Signal can be transmitted or received in single ended on CANH and ERR remains low. If the differential voltage remains below the recessive threshold level (CANH - CANL < -3.2V) for a second timeout, reception and transmission switch back to the differential mode and ERR is released high. Failure 9--CANL Short-Circuited to VCC (Normal Mode Only) MODE DESCRIPTION Detection Detection is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANL and CANH (pulse count = 4). Receiver Receiver remains in differential mode. No received data lost. Driver Driver remains in differential mode. No transmission data lost. Recovery Recovery is provided, sensing the pulse-count difference between CANL and CANH after the detection of four consecutive pulses. Table 2. Summary of the Driver Outputs and Internal Switches State During Fault Conditions FAILURE NO. DESCRIPTION MODE No failure -- Normal No failure -- Low power INTERNAL SWITCHES STATE DRIVER OUTPUTS STATE CANH CANL RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled RTH, I_RTL on Disabled Disabled 1 CANH wire interrupted Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled 2 CANL wire interrupted Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled 3 CANH short to BATT All RTH off Disabled Enabled 4 CANL short to GND All RTL or I_RTL off Enabled Disabled 5 CANH short to GND Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled 6 CANL short to BATT Normal RTL off, RTH on Enabled Enabled 7 CANL short to CANH All RTL or I_RTL off Enabled Disabled 8 CANH short to VCC All RTH off Disabled Enabled 9 CANL short to VCC Normal RTH, RTL on Enabled Enabled Note: The RTH-pulldown current switch and the RTL-pullup current switch are closed in normal mode with or without fault conditions, open in sleep mode. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 15 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Low-Power Modes To prevent false wake-up due to transients or RF fields, the wake-up voltage levels have to be maintained for more than 38s. In the low-power modes, the failure detection circuit remains partly active to prevent increased power consumption in the event of failures 3, 4, 7, and 8. The transceiver provides three low-power modes that can be entered or exited through pins STB and EN (Table 3). Sleep Mode The sleep mode is the mode with the lowest power consumption. INH is switched to high impedance for deactivation of the external voltage regulator. CANL is biased to the battery voltage through RTL. If the supply voltage is provided, RXD and ERR signal the wake-up interrupt. Applications Information The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 are capable of sustaining a network of up to 32 transceivers on a single bus. The fault-tolerant transceivers are designed to operate at a total termination resistance of 100. Both CANH and CANL lines are terminated with 100. Since the total termination resistance of the system is distributed over the entire bus, each of the transceivers contributes only part of the total 100 termination. The values of the termination resistors RTL and RTH vary according to the size of the system and need to be calculated. It is not required that each transceiver be terminated with the same value, the total termination need only be a total 100. Standby Mode The standby mode reacts the same as the sleep mode but with a HIGH level on INH. Standby mode can be used when the external voltage regulator needs to be kept active during low-power operation. Power-On Standby Mode The power-on standby mode behaves similarly to the standby mode with the battery power-on flag of the wakeup interrupt signal on ERR. This mode is only for reading the power-on flag. INH can be high or low in the poweron standby mode. When the device goes from standby mode to power-on standby mode, INH is HIGH. When the device goes from sleep mode to power-on standby mode, INH is low. The minimum termination resistor value allowed for each transceiver is 500, due to the driving capability of RTH and RTL. This makes it impossible to achieve a total termination resistance of 100 for systems smaller than five transceivers. Typically this does not create a problem because smaller systems usually have shorter bus cables and have no problem with higher total termination resistance. Wake-Up Wake-up requests are recognized by the transceiver when a dominant signal is detected on either bus line or if WAKE detects a pulse for more than 38s. On a wake-up request, INH is set high to activate an external voltage regulator. To reduce EMI in the case of an interrupted bus wire it is recommended not to exceed 6k termination resistance at a single transceiver even though a higher value is specified. If VCC is provided, the wake-up request can be read on the ERR or RXD outputs. Table 3. Low-Power Modes ERR MODE STB EN Go-to-Sleep Command 0 1 Sleep 0 Standby 0 Power-On Standby 1 0 VBATT power-on flag Normal Operating 1 1 Error flag LOW Wake-up interrupt signal 0 (Note 1) (Notes 2 and 3) 0 RXD HIGH LOW HIGH RTL SWITCHED TO -- Wake-up interrupt signal (Notes 2 and 3) -- VBATT -- Wake-up interrupt signal (Notes 2 and 3) -- VBATT No error flag Dominant received data Recessive received data VCC Note 3: In case the go-to-sleep command was used before. Note 4: If the supply voltage VCC is present. Note 5: Wake-up interrupts are released when entering the normal operating mode. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 16 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 Reduced EMI and Reflections 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Due to internal slope control for the MAX3055/MAX3056, the CANH and CANL outputs are slew-rate limited. This minimizes EMI and reduces reflections caused by improperly terminated cables. In general, a transmitter's rise time relates directly to the length of an unterminated stub, which can be driven with only minor waveform reflections. The following equation expresses this relationship conservatively: Length = tRISE/(15ns/ft) where tRISE is the transmitter's rise time. www.maximintegrated.com The MAX3054/MAX3055/MAX3056 require no special layout considerations beyond common practices. Bypass VCC to GND with a 0.1F ceramic capacitor mounted close to the IC with short lead lengths and wide trace widths. Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1300 PROCESS: BiCMOS Maxim Integrated 17 MAX3054/MAX3055/ MAX3056 80V Fault-Protected/Tolerant CAN Transceiver Package Information 14L SOIC.EPS For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated's website at www.maximintegrated.com. Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 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