Order this document by LM2931/D
LOW DROPOUT
VOLTAGE REGULATORS
Z SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 29
T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 221A
Heatsink surface
connected to Pin 2.
DT–1 SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 369
(DPAK)
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936
(D2PAK)
Pin 1. Output
2. Ground
3. Input
Pin 1. Input
2. Ground
3. Output
Heatsink surface (shown as terminal 4 in
case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2.
3
12
DT SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 369A
(DPAK)
3
12
FIXED OUTPUT VOLTAGE
3
12
3
12
3
1
1
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
The LM2931 series consists of positive fixed and adjustable output
voltage regulators that are specifically designed to maintain proper
regulation with an extremely low input–to–output voltage differential. These
devices are capable of supplying output currents in excess of 100 mA and
feature a low bias current of 0.4 mA at 10 mA output.
Designed primarily to survive in the harsh automotive environment, these
devices will protect all external load circuitry from input fault conditions
caused by reverse battery connection, two battery jump starts, and
excessive line transients during load dump. This series also includes internal
current limiting, thermal shutdown, and additionally, is able to withstand
temporary power–up with mirror–image insertion.
Due to the low dropout voltage and bias current specifications, the
LM2931 series is ideally suited for battery powered industrial and consumer
equipment where an extension of useful battery life is desirable. The ‘C’
suffix adjustable output regulators feature an output inhibit pin which is
extremely useful in microprocessor–based systems.
•Input–to–Output Voltage Differential of < 0.6 V @ 100 mA
•Output Current in Excess of 100 mA
•Low Bias Current
•60 V Load Dump Protection
•–50 V Reverse Transient Protection
•Internal Current Limiting with Thermal Shutdown
•Temporary Mirror–Image Protection
•Ideally Suited for Battery Powered Equipment
•Economical 5–Lead TO–220 Package with Two Optional Leadforms
•Available in Surface Mount SOP–8, D2PAK and DPAK Packages
•High Accuracy (±2%) Reference (LM2931AC) Available
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751
(SOP–8)
1
8
ADJUSTABLE
FIXED
(Top View)
N.C.
Gnd
Input
N.C.
Gnd
Output18
54
(Top View)
Output
Inhibit
Gnd
Input
Adjust
Gnd
Output18
54
TV SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314B
T SUFFIX
PLASTC PACKAGE
CASE 314D
TH SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314A
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936A
(D2PAK)
Heatsink surface connected to Pin 3.
Pin 1. Adjust
2. Output Inhibit
3. Ground
4. Input
5. Output
Heatsink surface (shown as
terminal 6 in case outline
drawing) is connected to Pin 3.
5
1
5
1
5
1
5
1
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
(See Following Page for Ordering Information.)
Motorola, Inc. 1997 Rev 4
LM2931 Series
2MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
ORDERING INFORMATION
Di
Output
C
Pk
Device Voltage Tolerance Case Package
LM2931AD–5.0
50V
38%
751 SOP–8 Surface Mount
LM2931ADT–5.0
50V
38%
369A Surface Mount DPAK
LM2931ADT–1–5.0
50V
±38%
369 DPAK
LM2931AD2T–5.0
50V
±3
.
8%
936 Surface Mount D2PAK
LM2931AT–5.0
50V
221A TO–220 Type
LM2931AZ–5.0
50V
29 TO–92 Type
LM2931D–5.0
5
.
0
V
50%
751 SOP–8 Surface Mount
LM2931D2T–5.0
50%
936 Surface Mount D2PAK
LM2931DT–5.0
50%
369A Surface Mount DPAK
LM2931DT–1–5.0
50%
369 DPAK
LM2931T–5.0
50%
221A TO–220 Type
LM2931Z–5.0 ±5.0% 29 TO–92 Type
LM2931CD
Adj bl
751 SOP–8 Surface Mount
LM2931CD2T
Adj bl
936A Surface Mount D2PAK
LM2931CT Adjustable 314D 5–Pin TO–220 Type
LM2931CTH
j
314A 5–Pin Horizontal Leadform
LM2931CTV 314B 5–Pin Vertical Leadform
LM2931ACD
Adj bl
20%
751 SOP–8 Surface Mount
LM2931ACD2T
Adj bl
20%
936A Surface Mount D2PAK
LM2931ACT Adjustable ±2.0% 314D 5–Pin TO–220 Type
LM2931ACTH 314A 5–Pin Horizontal Leadform
LM2931ACTV 314B 5–Pin Vertical Leadform
Representative Schematic Diagram
*Deleted on Adjustable Regulators
Input
Output
30 k *
Adjust
92.8 k *
Ground
350
500
6.0 k
6.0
30 k
Output
Inhibit
EPI
Bias
50 k
5.8 V
10 k
11.5 k
3.0 k
3.94 k
30 k 30 k 180 k 184 k
6.8 V
35 k
48 k
This device contains 26 active transistors.
LM2931 Series
3
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Symbol Value Unit
Input Voltage Continuous VI40 Vdc
T ransient Input Voltage (τ ≤100 ms) VI(τ) 60 Vpk
T ransient Reverse Polarity Input Voltage –VI(τ)–50–Vpk
1.0% Duty Cycle, τ ≤100 ms
Power Dissipation
Case 29 (TO–92 Type)
TA = 25°C PDInternally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient RθJA 178 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case RθJC 83 °C/W
Case 221A, 314A, 314B and 314D (TO–220 Type)
TA = 25°C PDInternally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient RθJA 65 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case RθJC 5.0 °C/W
Case 369 and 369A (DPAK) [Note 1]
TA = 25°C PDInternally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient RθJA 92 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case RθJC 6.0 °C/W
Case 751 (SOP–8) [Note 2]
TA = 25°C PDInternally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient RθJA 160 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case RθJC 25 °C/W
Case 936 and 936A (D2PAK) [Note 3]
TA = 25°C PDInternally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient RθJA 70 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case RθJC 5.0 °C/W
Tested Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ–40 to +125 °C
Storage Temperature Range Tstg –65 to +150 °C
NOTES: 1.DPAK Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for vertical mounting. Refer to Figure 24 for
board mounted Thermal Resistance.
2.SOP–8 Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for minimum recommended pad size. Refer
to Figure 23 for Thermal Resistance variation versus pad size.
3.D2PAK Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for vertical mounting. Refer to Figure 25 for
board mounted Thermal Resistance.
4.ESD data available upon request.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)
Ch i i
Sbl
LM2931–5.0 LM2931A–5.0
Ui
Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
FIXED OUTPUT
Output Voltage VOV
Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C 4.75 5.0 5.25 4.81 5.0 5.19
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V, IO ≤100 mA, TJ = –40° to +125°C 4.50 – 5.50 4.75 – 5.25
Line Regulation Regline mV
Vin = 9.0 V to 16 V – 2.0 10 – 2.0 10
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V – 4.0 30 – 4.0 30
Load Regulation (IO = 5.0 mA to 100 mA) Regload –14 50 – 14 50 mV
Output Impedance ZOmΩ
IO = 10 mA, ∆IO = 1.0 mA, f = 100 Hz to 10 kHz – 200 – – 200 –
Bias Current IBmA
Vin = 14 V, IO = 100 mA, TJ = 25°C – 5.8 30 – 5.8 30
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = –40° to +125°C – 0.4 1.0 – 0.4 1.0
Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz) Vn– 700 – – 700 – µVrms
Long Term Stability S – 20 – – 20 – mV/kHR
NOTES: 1.Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
2.The reference voltage on the adjustable device is measured from the output to the adjust pin across R1.
LM2931 Series
4MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)
Ch i i
Sbl
LM2931–5.0 LM2931A–5.0
Ui
Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
FIXED OUTPUT
Ripple Rejection (f = 120 Hz) RR 60 90 – 60 90 – dB
Dropout Voltage VI–VOV
IO = 10 mA – 0.015 0.2 – 0.015 0.2
IO = 100 mA – 0.16 0.6 – 0.16 0.6
Over–Voltage Shutdown Threshold Vth(OV) 26 29.5 40 26 29.5 40 V
Output Voltage with Reverse Polarity Input (Vin = –15 V) –VO–0.3 0 – –0.3 0 – V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)
LM2931C LM2931AC
Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Typ Unit
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT
Reference Voltage (Note 2, Figure 18) Vref V
IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C 1.14 1.20 1.26 1.17 1.20 1.23
IO ≤100 mA, TJ = –40 to +125°C 1.08 – 1.32 1.15 – 1.25
Output Voltage Range VO
range 3.0 to
24 2.7 to
29.5 – 3.0 to
24 2.7 to
29.5 – V
Line Regulation (Vin = VO + 0.6 V to 26 V) Regline –0.2 1.5 – 0.2 1.5 mV/V
Load Regulation (IO = 5.0 mA to 100 mA) Regload –0.3 1.0 – 0.3 1.0 %/V
Output Impedance ZOmΩ/V
IO = 10 mA, ∆IO = 1.0 mA, f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz – 40 – – 40 –
Bias Current IBmA
IO = 100 mA – 6.0 – – 6.0 –
IO = 10 mA – 0.4 1.0 – 0.4 1.0
Output Inhibited (Vth(OI) = 2.5 V) – 0.2 1.0 – 0.2 1.0
Adjustment Pin Current IAdj –0.2 – – 0.2 – µA
Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz) Vn– 140 – – 140 – µVrms/V
Long–Term Stability S – 0.4 – – 0.4 – %/kHR
Ripple Rejection (f = 120 Hz) RR 0.10 0.003 – 0.10 0.003 – %/V
Dropout Voltage VI–VOV
IO = 10 mA – 0.015 0.2 – 0.015 0.2
IO = 100 mA – 0.16 0.6 – 0.16 0.6
Over–Voltage Shutdown Threshold Vth(OV) 26 29.5 40 26 29.5 40 V
Output Voltage with Reverse Polarity Input (Vin = –15 V) –VO–0.3 0 – –0.3 0 – V
Output Inhibit Threshold Voltages Vth(OI) V
Output “On”: TJ = 25°C – 2.15 1.90 – 2.15 1.90
TJ = –40° to +125°C – – 1.20 – – 1.20
Output “Off”: TJ = 25°C 2.50 2.26 – 2.50 2.26 –
TJ = –40° to +125°C 3.25 – – 3.25 – –
Output Inhibit Threshold Current (Vth(OI) = 2.5 V) Ith(OI) –30 50 – 30 50 µA
NOTES: 1.Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
2.The reference voltage on the adjustable device is measured from the output to the adjust pin across R1.
LM2931 Series
5
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
IO = 100 mA
IO = 10 mA
, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
O
V
–V
in O, DROPOUT VOLT AGE (mV)V
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
–20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
Vout = 5.0 V
RL = 500
Ω
TA = 25
°
C
, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
O
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
50
150
250
350
0 5.0 10 15 20 25 30
I
TJ = –40
°
CTJ = 25
°
C
TJ = 85
°
C
Vin (10 V/DIV)
VO(5.0 V/DIV)
0
0
t, TIME (50 ms/DIV)
, INPUT VOLT AGE, OUTPUT VOLTAGE , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
O
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
V
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
0
100
200
300
0 25 50 75 100 125
IO = 50 mA
–V
in O
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
0 20 40 60 80 100
0
40
80
120
160
200
Vin = 14 V
∆
Vout = 100 mV
TJ = 25
°
C
, DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)V
Vout = 5.0 V
RL = 50
Ω
CO = 100
µ
F
τ
= 150 ms
TA = 25
°
C
VCC = 15 V
VFB1 = 5.05 V
Dashed lines below Vin = 5.0 V
are for Adjustable output devices only.
Figure 1. Dropout Voltage versus Output Current Figure 2. Dropout Voltage versus
Junction Temperature
Figure 3. Peak Output Current versus Input Voltage Figure 4. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage
Figure 5. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage Figure 6. Load Dump Characteristics
Vin = 14 V
∆
Vout = 100 mV
Vout = 5.0 V
TA = 25
°
C
RL = 50
Ω
IO = 100 mA
LM2931 Series
6MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
IB, BIAS CURRENT (mA)
IB, BIAS CURRENT (mA)
IB
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10
12
–20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
RL = 50
Ω
, BIAS CURRENT (mA)
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
–55 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
IO = 100 mA
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (dB)
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
55
65
75
85
95
10 100 1.0 k 1.0 M 10 M
CO(ESR) = 0.15
Ω
Tantulum
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (dB)
85
95
0 20 40 60 80 100
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Ω
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
, OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ( )
O
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M 10 M
I
CO(ESR) = 0.3
Ω
Electrolytic
CO(ESR) = 0.15
Ω
Tantulum
0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
IO = 0 mA
IO = 50 mA
Vout = 5.0 V
TJ = 25
°
C
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
IO = 10 mA
DIO = 1.0 mA
CO = 100
µ
F
TJ = 25
°
C
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
65
75
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
f = 120 Hz
TJ = 25
°
C
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
DVin = 100 mV
RL = 500
Ω
CO = 100
µ
F
TJ = 25
°
CCO(ESR) = 0.3
Ω
Electrolytic
10 k 100 k
Figure 7. Bias Current versus Input Voltage Figure 8. Bias Current versus Output Current
Figure 9. Bias Current versus Junction Temperature Figure 10. Output Impedance versus Frequency
Figure 11. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 12. Ripple Rejection versus Output Current
RL = 100
Ω
RL = 500
Ω
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
TJ = 25
°
C
LM2931 Series
7
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
, REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
ref
VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1.160
1.180
1.200
1.220
1.240
0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12 15 18 21 24
V
18.5
14
t, TIME (10
µ
s/DIV)
Vout = 5.0 V
RL = 500
Ω
CO = 100
µ
F
CO(ESR) = 0.3
Ω
TA = 25
°
C100
0
t, TIME (10
µ
s/DIV)
VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Vth(on/off) , OUTPUT INHIBIT-THRESHOLDS (V)
2.0
2.1
2.2
0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12 15 18 21 24
Output “On”
Output “Off”
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.3
LM2931C Adjustable
IO = 10 mA
Vin = Vout + 1.0 V
TA = 25
°
C
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
Cin = 1000
µ
F
CO = 100
µ
F
CO(ESR) = 0.3
Ω
TA = 25
°
C
LM2931C Adjustable
IO = 10 mA
Vin = Vout + 1.0 V
TA = 25
°
C
OUTPUT CURRENT,
I (mA)
out
∆
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION,
O, (2.0 mV/DIV)V
INPUT VOLTAGE,
V , (V)
in
∆
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION,
O, (2.0 mV/DIV)V
Figure 13. Line Regulation Figure 14. Load Regulation
Figure 15. Reference Voltage versus Output Voltage Figure 16. Output Inhibit–Thresholds
versus Output Voltage
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
The LM2931 series regulators are designed with many
protection features making them essentially blow–out proof.
These features include internal current limiting, thermal
shutdown, overvoltage and reverse polarity input protection,
and the capability to withstand temporary power–up with
mirror–image insertion. Typical application circuits for the
fixed and adjustable output device are shown in Figures 17
and 18.
The input bypass capacitor Cin is recommended if the
regulator is located an appreciable distance (≥ 4″) from the
supply input filter. This will reduce the circuit’s sensitivity to
the input line impedance at high frequencies.
This regulator series is not internally compensated and
thus requires an external output capacitor for stability. The
capacitance value required is dependent upon the load
current, output voltage for the adjustable regulator, and the
type of capacitor selected. The least stable condition is
encountered at maximum load current and minimum output
voltage. Figure 22 shows that for operation in the “Stable”
region, under the conditions specified, the magnitude of the
output capacitor impedance |ZO| must not exceed 0.4 Ω. This
limit must be observed over the entire operating temperature
range of the regulator circuit.
With economical electrolytic capacitors, cold temperature
operation can pose a serious stability problem. As the
electrolyte freezes, around –30°C, the capacitance will
decrease and the equivalent series resistance (ESR) will
increase drastically, causing the circuit to oscillate. Quality
electrolytic capacitors with extended temperature ranges of
–40° to +85°C and –55° to +105°C are readily available.
Solid tantalum capacitors may be a better choice if small size
is a requirement, however, the maximum ZO limit over
temperature must be observed.
Note that in the stable region, the output noise voltage is
linearly proportional to ZO. In effect, CO dictates the high
frequency roll–off point of the circuit. Operation in the area
titled “Marginally Stable” will cause the output of the regulator
to exhibit random bursts of oscillation that decay in an
under–damped fashion. Continuous oscillation occurs when
operating in the area titled “Unstable”. It is suggested that
oven testing of the entire circuit be performed with maximum
load, minimum input voltage, and minimum ambient
temperature.
LM2931 Series
8MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
0.1
1.0
0.01
Vn, OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE (mVrms)
Figure 17. Fixed Output Regulator Figure 18. Adjustable Output Regulator
Figure 19. (5.0 A) Low Differential
Voltage Regulator Figure 20. Current Boost Regulator with
Short Circuit Projection
Figure 21. Constant Intensity Lamp Flasher Figure 22. Output Noise Voltage versus
Output Capacitor Impedance
|ZO|, MAGNITUDE OF CAP ACIT OR IMPEDANCE (m
Ω
)
10 100 1.0 k 10 k
Vin Input Output Vout
CO
IBGnd
Cin
0.1
LM2931–5.0
Fixed
Output
Switch Position 1 = Output “On”, 2 = Output “Off”
LM2931C
Adjustable
Output
Vin
Cin
0.1
Vout
CO
OutputInput
51 k
1
2Output
Inhibit Adjust
Gnd IAdj
R1
R2
IB
The LM2931 series can be current boosted with a PNP transistor. The
D45VH7, on a heatsink, will provide an output current of 5.0 A with an input
to output voltage differential of approximately 1.0 V. Resistor R in
conjunction with the VBE of the PNP determines when the pass transistor
begins conducting. This circuit is not short circuit proof.
Input
≥
6.0 V
D45VH7
5.0 V @ 5.0 A
Output
100 +
100
+
68
LM2931–5.0
The circuit of Figure 19 can be modified to provide supply protection against
short circuits by adding the current sense resistor RSC and an additional PNP
transistor. The current sensing PNP must be capable of handling the short
circuit current of the LM2931. Safe operating area of both transistors must be
considered under worst case conditions.
Input
R
RSC
Output
LM2931–5.0
100 100
++
LM2931C
Input
6.4 V to 30 V 2.0 k
8.2 k
100
+
CM
#345
100 +33 k 6.2 V
fosc = 2.2 Hz
0
10
100 Vin = 5.6 V
Vout = 5.0 V
IO = 100 mA
Vnrms 10 Hz to 10 MHz
|ZO| @ 40 kHz
TA = 25
°
C
22.5 k
w
R1R2
R1
)
R2
Vout
+
Vref
ǒ
1
)
R2
R1
Ǔ)
IAdj R2
R
Unstable
Marginally
Stable
Stable
LM2931 Series
9
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.4
010203025155.0
L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
PD(max) for TA = 50
°
C
Minimum
Size Pad
PD
L
L
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)
Free Air
Mounted
Vertically
30
40
50
60
70
80
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
010203025155.0
L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
PD(max) for TA = 50
°
C
Minimum
Size Pad
2.0 oz. Copper
L
L
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
Free Air
Mounted
Vertically
PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)
30
50
70
90
110
130
150
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.4
2.8
02030504010
L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
170 3.2
R
θ
JA
PD
R , THERMAL RESISTANCE
JA
θ
JUNCTION–T O–AIR ( C/W)
°
, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
2.0 oz.
Copper
Graph represents symmetrical layout
3.0 mmL
L
R
θ
JA
R
θ
JA
2.0 oz. Copper
R , THERMAL RESISTANCE
JA
θ
JUNCTION–T O–AIR ( C/W)
°
R , THERMAL RESISTANCE
JA
θ
JUNCTION–T O–AIR ( C/W)
°
Figure 23. SOP–8 Thermal Resistance and Maximum
Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
Figure 24. DPAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum
Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
Figure 25. 3–Pin and 5–Pin D2PAK
Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power
Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
PD(max) for TA = 50
°
C
LM2931 Series
10 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
DEFINITIONS
Dropout Voltage – The input/output voltage differential at
which the regulator output no longer maintains regulation
against further reductions in input voltage. Measured when
the output decreases 100 mV from nominal value at 14 V
input, dropout voltage is affected by junction temperature and
load current.
Line Regulation – The change in output voltage for a
change in the input voltage. The measurement is made under
conditions of low dissipation or by using pulse techniques
such that the average chip temperature is not significantly
affected.
Load Regulation – The change in output voltage for a
change in load current at constant chip temperature.
Maximum Power Dissipation – The maximum total
device dissipation for which the regulator will operate within
specifications.
Bias Current – That part of the input current that is not
delivered to the load.
Output Noise Voltage – The rms AC voltage at the
output, with constant load and no input ripple, measured over
a specified frequency range.
Long–Term Stabliity – Output voltage stability under
accelerated life test conditions with the maximum rated
voltage listed in the devices electrical characteristics and
maximum power dissipation.
LM2931 Series
11
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Z SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 29–04
(TO–92 Type)
ISSUE AD
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. CONTOUR OF PACKAGE BEYOND DIMENSION R
IS UNCONTROLLED.
4. DIMENSION F APPLIES BETWEEN P AND L.
DIMENSION D AND J APPLY BETWEEN L AND K
MINIMUM. LEAD DIMENSION IS UNCONTROLLED
IN P AND BEYOND DIMENSION K MINIMUM.
MIN MINMAX MAX
INCHES MILLIMETERS
DIM
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
P
R
V
4.45
4.32
3.18
0.41
0.41
1.15
2.42
0.39
12.70
6.35
2.04
–
2.93
3.43
5.20
5.33
4.19
0.55
0.48
1.39
2.66
0.50
–
–
2.66
2.54
–
–
0.175
0.170
0.125
0.016
0.016
0.045
0.095
0.015
0.500
0.250
0.080
–
0.115
0.135
0.205
0.210
0.165
0.022
0.019
0.055
0.105
0.020
–
–
0.105
0.100
–
–
SEATING
PLANE
R
A
P
FL
K
XX
HG
V
N
N
D
J
SECTION X–X
B
C
1
T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 221A–06
(TO–220 Type)
ISSUE Y
MIN MINMAX MAX
INCHES MILLIMETERS
DIM
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
Q
R
S
T
U
V
Z
14.48
9.66
4.07
0.64
3.61
2.42
2.80
0.46
12.70
1.15
4.83
2.54
2.04
1.15
5.97
0.00
1.15
–
15.75
10.28
4.82
0.88
3.73
2.66
3.93
0.64
14.27
1.52
5.33
3.04
2.79
1.39
6.47
1.27
–
2.04
0.570
0.380
0.160
0.025
0.142
0.095
0.110
0.018
0.500
0.045
0.190
0.100
0.080
0.045
0.235
0.000
0.045
–
0.620
0.405
0.190
0.035
0.147
0.105
0.155
0.025
0.562
0.060
0.210
0.120
0.110
0.055
0.255
0.050
–
0.080
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIM Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND
LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED.
–T–
SEATING
PLANE
CS
T
U
J
R
F
B
Q
H
Z
L
V
G
ND
K
A
4
123
LM2931 Series
12 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
TH SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314A–03
(TO–220 Type)
ISSUE D
TV SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314B–05
(TO–220 Type)
ISSUE J
G
W
E
J 5 PL
D 5 PL
F
K
U
B
AL
C
H
12345
SEATING
PLANE
–T–
N
SV
T
0.24 (0.610) M
–P–
Q
TP0.10 (0.254) M M
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERCONNECT BAR
(DAMBAR) PROTRUSION. DIMENSION D INCLUDING
PROTRUSION SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.043 (1.092) MAXIMUM.
1.702 BSC0.067 BSC
MIN MINMAX MAX
INCHES MILLIMETERS
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
Q
S
U
V
W
14.529
9.906
4.318
0.635
1.219
21.590
0.381
22.860
8.128
3.556
–
11.888
–
2.286
15.570
10.541
4.572
0.965
1.397
23.749
0.635
27.940
9.271
3.886
15.748
12.827
18.669
2.794
0.572
0.390
0.170
0.025
0.048
0.850
0.015
0.900
0.320
0.140
–
0.468
–
0.090
0.613
0.415
0.180
0.038
0.055
0.935
0.025
1.100
0.365
0.153
0.620
0.505
0.735
0.110
4.216 BSC0.166 BSC
8.128 BSC0.320 BSC
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
G
E
J 5 PL
D 5 PL
FK
U
B
AL
C
12345
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE
INTERCONNECT BAR (DAMBAR) PROTRUSION.
DIMENSION D INCLUDING PROTRUSION SHALL
NOT EXCEED 0.043 (1.092) MAXIMUM.
SEATING
PLANE
–T–
S
TP0.014 (0.356) M M
OPTIONAL
CHAMFER
Q
DIM
AMIN MAX MIN MAX
MILLIMETERS
0.572 0.613 14.529 15.570
INCHES
B0.390 0.415 9.906 10.541
C0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572
D0.025 0.038 0.635 0.965
E0.048 0.055 1.219 1.397
F0.570 0.585 14.478 14.859
G0.067 BSC 1.702 BSC
J0.015 0.025 0.381 0.635
K0.730 0.745 18.542 18.923
L0.320 0.365 8.128 9.271
Q0.140 0.153 3.556 3.886
S0.210 0.260 5.334 6.604
U0.468 0.505 11.888 12.827
–P–
LM2931 Series
13
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
DT–1 SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 369–07
(DPAK)
ISSUE L
T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314D–03
(TO–220 Type)
ISSUE D
–Q–
–T–
SEATING
PLANE
C
U
G
E
H
J
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE
INTERCONNECT BAR (DAMBAR) PROTRUSION.
DIMENSION D INCLUDING PROTRUSION SHALL
NOT EXCEED 10.92 (0.043) MAXIMUM.
MIN MINMAX MAX
INCHES MILLIMETERS
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
G
H
J
K
L
Q
U
S
14.529
9.906
4.318
0.635
1.219
2.210
0.381
25.908
8.128
3.556
2.667
13.792
15.570
10.541
4.572
0.965
1.397
2.845
0.635
27.051
9.271
3.886
2.972
14.783
0.572
0.390
0.170
0.025
0.048
0.087
0.015
1.020
0.320
0.140
0.105
0.543
0.613
0.415
0.180
0.038
0.055
0.112
0.025
1.065
0.365
0.153
0.117
0.582
A
B
L
S
K
D 5 PL
1.702 BSC0.067 BSC
12345
0.356 (0.014) T Q
M M
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
123
4
V
S
A
K
–T–
SEATING
PLANE
R
B
F
GD3 PL
M
0.13 (0.005) T
C
E
JH
DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
MILLIMETERSINCHES
A0.235 0.250 5.97 6.35
B0.250 0.265 6.35 6.73
C0.086 0.094 2.19 2.38
D0.027 0.035 0.69 0.88
E0.033 0.040 0.84 1.01
F0.037 0.047 0.94 1.19
G0.090 BSC 2.29 BSC
H0.034 0.040 0.87 1.01
J0.018 0.023 0.46 0.58
K0.350 0.380 8.89 9.65
R0.175 0.215 4.45 5.46
S0.050 0.090 1.27 2.28
V0.030 0.050 0.77 1.27
LM2931 Series
14 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
DT SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 369A–13
(DPAK)
ISSUE Y
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751–05
(SOP–8)
ISSUE S
D
A
K
B
R
V
S
FL
G
2 PL
M
0.13 (0.005) T
E
C
U
J
H
–T–
SEATING
PLANE
Z
DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
MILLIMETERSINCHES
A0.235 0.250 5.97 6.35
B0.250 0.265 6.35 6.73
C0.086 0.094 2.19 2.38
D0.027 0.035 0.69 0.88
E0.033 0.040 0.84 1.01
F0.037 0.047 0.94 1.19
G0.180 BSC 4.58 BSC
H0.034 0.040 0.87 1.01
J0.018 0.023 0.46 0.58
K0.102 0.114 2.60 2.89
L0.090 BSC 2.29 BSC
R0.175 0.215 4.45 5.46
S0.020 0.050 0.51 1.27
U0.020 ––– 0.51 –––
V0.030 0.050 0.77 1.27
Z0.138 ––– 3.51 –––
123
4
SEATING
PLANE
14
58
A0.25 MCBSS
0.25 MBM
h
q
C
X 45
_
L
DIM MIN MAX
MILLIMETERS
A1.35 1.75
A1 0.10 0.25
B0.35 0.49
C0.18 0.25
D4.80 5.00
E1.27 BSCe3.80 4.00
H5.80 6.20
h
0 7
L0.40 1.25
q
0.25 0.50
__
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME
Y14.5M, 1994.
2. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
3. DIMENSION D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 PER SIDE.
5. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 TOTAL IN EXCESS
OF THE B DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL
CONDITION.
D
EH
A
Be
B
A1
CA
0.10
LM2931 Series
15
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936–03
(D2PAK)
ISSUE B
5 REF5 REF
A
12 3
K
F
B
J
S
H
0.010 (0.254) T
M
D
G
C
E
–T–
MLP
NR
V
U
TERMINAL 4
NOTES:
1 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS
A AND K.
4 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM
MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 4.
5 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH
AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED
0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM.
DIM
AMIN MAX MIN MAX
MILLIMETERS
0.386 0.403 9.804 10.236
INCHES
B0.356 0.368 9.042 9.347
C0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572
D0.026 0.036 0.660 0.914
E0.045 0.055 1.143 1.397
F0.051 REF 1.295 REF
G0.100 BSC 2.540 BSC
H0.539 0.579 13.691 14.707
J0.125 MAX 3.175 MAX
K0.050 REF 1.270 REF
L0.000 0.010 0.000 0.254
M0.088 0.102 2.235 2.591
N0.018 0.026 0.457 0.660
P0.058 0.078 1.473 1.981
R
S0.116 REF 2.946 REF
U0.200 MIN 5.080 MIN
V0.250 MIN 6.350 MIN
__
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936A–02
(D2PAK)
ISSUE A
5 REF
A
123
K
B
S
H
0.010 (0.254) T
M
D
G
C
E
–T–
MLP
NR
V
U
TERMINAL 6
NOTES:
6 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
7 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
8 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS
A AND K.
9 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM
MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 6.
10 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH
AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED
0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM.
DIM
AMIN MAX MIN MAX
MILLIMETERS
0.386 0.403 9.804 10.236
INCHES
B0.356 0.368 9.042 9.347
C0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572
D0.026 0.036 0.660 0.914
E0.045 0.055 1.143 1.397
G0.067 BSC 1.702 BSC
H0.539 0.579 13.691 14.707
K0.050 REF 1.270 REF
L0.000 0.010 0.000 0.254
M0.088 0.102 2.235 2.591
N0.018 0.026 0.457 0.660
P0.058 0.078 1.473 1.981
R5 REF
S0.116 REF 2.946 REF
U0.200 MIN 5.080 MIN
V0.250 MIN 6.350 MIN
__
45
LM2931 Series
16 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding
the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and
specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola
data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”
must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of
others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other
applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury
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arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
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LM2931/D
◊
