PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Full-Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP Description PIC16(L)F18313/18323 microcontrollers feature Analog, Core Independent Peripherals and Communication Peripherals, combined with eXtreme Low Power (XLP) for a wide range of general purpose and low-power applications. The Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) functionality enables pin mapping when using the digital peripherals (CLC, CWG, CCP, PWM and communications) to add flexibility to the application design. Core Features Power-Saving Functionality * C Compiler Optimized RISC Architecture * Only 48 Instructions * Operating Speed: - DC - 32 MHz clock input - 125 ns minimum instruction cycle * Interrupt Capability * 16-Level Deep Hardware Stack * Up to Four 8-bit Timers * Up to Three 16-bit Timers * Low-Current Power-on Reset (POR) * Power-up Timer (PWRT) * Brown-out Reset (BOR) * Low-Power BOR (LPBOR) Option * Extended Watchdog Timer (WDT) with Dedicated On-Chip Oscillator for Reliable Operation * Programmable Code Protection * IDLE mode: ability to put the CPU core to Sleep while internal peripherals continue operating from the system clock * DOZE mode: ability to run the CPU core slower than the system clock used by the internal peripherals * SLEEP mode: Lowest Power Consumption * Peripheral Module Disable (PMD): peripheral power disable hardware module to minimize power consumption of unused peripherals Memory * * * * 3.5 Kbytes Program Flash Memory 256B Data SRAM Memory 256B of EEPROM Direct, Indirect and Relative Addressing Modes Operating Characteristics * Operating Voltage Range: - 1.8V to 3.6V (PIC16LF18313/18323) - 2.3V to 5.5V (PIC16F18313/18323) * Temperature Range: - Industrial: -40C to 85C - Extended: -40C to 125C eXtreme Low-Power (XLP) Features * * * * Sleep mode: 40 nA @ 1.8V, typical Watchdog Timer: 250 nA @ 1.8V, typical Secondary Oscillator: 300 nA @ 32 kHz Operating Current: - 8 A @ 32 kHz, 1.8V, typical - 37 A/MHz @ 1.8V, typical 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Digital Peripherals * Configurable Logic Cell (CLC): - Two CLCs - Integrated combinational and sequential logic * Complementary Waveform Generator (CWG): - Rising and falling edge dead-band control - Full-bridge, half-bridge, 1-channel drive - Multiple signal sources * Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) modules: - Two CCPs - 16-bit resolution for Capture/Compare modes - 10-bit resolution for PWM mode * Pulse-Width Modulators (PWM) - Two 10-bit PWMs * Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO): - Precision linear frequency generator (@50% duty cycle) with 0.0001% step size of source input clock - Input Clock: 0 Hz < FNCO < 32 MHz - Resolution: FNCO/220 * Serial Communications: - EUSART - RS-232, RS-485, LIN compatible - Auto-Baud Detect, auto-wake-up on start - Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) - SPI - I2C, SMBus, PMBusTM compatible * Data Signal Modulator (DSM): - Modulates a carrier signal with digital data to create custom carrier synchronized output waveforms DS40001799C-page 1 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 * Up to 12 I/O Pins: - Individually programmable pull-ups - Slew rate control - Interrupt-on-change with edge-select - Input level selection control (ST or TTL) - Digital open-drain enable * Peripheral Pin Select (PPS): - I/O pin remapping of digital peripherals * Timer modules: - Timer0: - 8/16-bit timer/counter - Synchronous or asynchronous operation - Programmable prescaler/postscaler - Time base for capture/compare function - Timer1 with gate control: - 16-bit timer/counter - Programmable internal or external clock sources - Multiple gate sources - Multiple gate modes - Time base for capture/compare function - Timer2: - 8-bit timers - Programmable prescaler/postscaler - Time base for PWM function Flexible Oscillator Structure * High-Precision Internal Oscillator: - Software-selectable frequency range up to 32 MHz - 2% at nominal 4 MHz calibration point * 4x PLL with External Sources * Low-Power Internal 31 kHz Oscillator (LFINTOSC) * External Low-Power 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator (SOSC) * External Oscillator Block with: - Three Crystal/Resonator modes up to 20 MHz - Three External Clock modes up to 32 MHz - Fail-Safe Clock Monitor - Detects clock source failure - Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) - Ensures stability of crystal oscillator sources Analog Peripherals * 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC): - Up to 11 external channels - Conversion available during Sleep * Comparator: - Up to two comparators - Fixed Voltage Reference at non-inverting input(s) - Comparator outputs externally accessible * 5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC): - 5-bit resolution, rail-to-rail - Positive Reference Selection - Unbuffered I/O pin output - Internal connections to ADCs and comparators * Voltage Reference: - Fixed Voltage Reference with 1.024V, 2.048V and 4.096V output levels DS40001799C-page 2 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 1 1/1 2 1 Y Y Y Y I 1 1/1 2 1 Y Y Y Y I PIC16(L)F18324 (2) 4096 7 256 512 12 11 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 1/1 4 1 Y Y Y Y I PIC16(L)F18325 (3) 8192 14 256 1024 12 11 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 2/2 4 1 Y Y Y Y I PIC16(L)F18326 (4) 16384 28 256 2048 12 15 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 2/2 4 1 Y Y Y Y I Debug(1) 1 1 Idle and Doze 2 2 XLP 2 2 PMD 2/1 2/1 PPS 1 1 CLC 1 1 DSM 1 2 I2C/SPI 1 1 EUSART 5 12 11 NCO 6 256 10-bit PWM 10-bit ADC (ch) 256 256 CCP I/Os(2) 256 3.5 Timers (8/16-bit) Data SRAM (bytes) 3.5 2048 Clock Ref Data Memory (bytes) 2048 (1) CWG Program Flash Memory (Kbytes) (1) PIC16(L)F18323 5-bit DAC Program Flash Memory (Words) PIC16(L)F18313 High-Speed/ Comparators Device Data Sheet Index PIC16(L)F183XX Family Types PIC16(L)F18344 (2) 4096 7 256 512 18 17 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 1/1 4 1 Y Y Y Y I PIC16(L)F18345 (3) 8192 14 256 1024 18 17 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 2/2 4 1 Y Y Y Y I PIC16(L)F18346 (4) 16384 28 256 2048 18 21 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 2/2 4 1 Y Y Y Y I 1: Debugging Methods: (I) - Integrated on Chip; 2: One pin is input-only. Data Sheet Index: (Unshaded devices are described in this document.) 1: DS40001799 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Data Sheet, Full-Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP 2: DS40001800 PIC16(L)F18324/18344 Data Sheet, Full Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP 3: DS40001795 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Data Sheet, Full Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP 4: DS40001839 PIC16(L)F18326/18346 Data Sheet, Full Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP Note Note: For other small form-factor package availability and marking information, please visit http://www.microchip.com/packaging or contact your local sales office. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 3 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Pin Diagrams 1 RA5 2 RA4 3 VPP/MCLR/RA3 4 8 VSS 7 RA0/ICSPDAT 6 RA1/ICSPCLK 5 RA2 14-PIN PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP VDD RA5 RA4 VPP/MCLR/RA3 RC5 RC4 RC3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 VSS RA0/ICSPDAT RA1/ICSPCLK RA2 RC0 RC1 RC2 16-PIN UQFN 16 15 14 13 VDD NC FIGURE 3: PIC16(L)F18313 VDD NC VSS FIGURE 2: 8-PIN PDIP, SOIC, UDFN PIC16(L)F18323 FIGURE 1: 1 2 PIC16(L)F18323 3 4 12 11 10 9 RA0/ICSPDAT RA1/ICSPCLK RA2 RC0 RC4 RC3 RC2 RC1 5 6 7 8 RA5 RA4 RA3/MCLR/VPP RC5 Note 1: It is recommended that the exposed bottom pad be connected to VSS, but must not be the main VSS connection to the device. DS40001799C-page 4 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. ADC Reference Comparator NCO DAC DSM Timers CCP PWM CWG MSSP EUSART CLC CLKR Interrupt Pull-up Basic RA0 8-PIN ALLOCATION TABLE (PIC16(L)F18313) PDIP/SOIC/UDFN I/O(2) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 1: 7 ANA0 -- C1IN0+ -- DAC1OUT MDCIN1(1) -- -- -- -- -- -- CLCIN3(1) -- IOC Y ICDDAT/ ICSPDAT ANA1 VREF+ C1IN0- -- DAC1REF+ MDMIN(1) -- -- -- -- SCK1(1) SCL1(1,3,4) RX(1) CLCIN2(1) -- IOC Y ICDCLK/ ICSPCLK RA1 5 ANA2 VREF- -- -- DAC1REF- -- T0CKI(1) -- -- CWG1IN(1) SDA1(1,3,4) SDI1(1) -- -- -- INT(1) IOC Y -- RA3 4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- SS1(1) -- CLCIN0(1) -- IOC Y MCLR VPP RA4 3 ANA4 -- C1IN1- -- -- -- T1G(1) SOSCO -- -- -- -- -- -- -- IOC Y CLKOUT OSC2 RA5 2 ANA5 -- -- -- -- MDCIN2(1) T1CKI(1) SOSCIN SOSCI CCP1(1) CCP2(1) -- -- -- -- CLCIN1(1) -- IOC Y CLKIN OSC1 VDD 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- VDD VSS 8 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- VSS -- -- -- C1OUT NCO -- DSM TMR0 CCP1 PWM5 CWG1A SDA1(3) CK CLC1OUT CLKR -- -- -- PWM6 CWG1B SCL1(3) DT CLC2OUT OUT(2) Note 1: 2: 3: 4: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- CCP2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- CWG1C SDO1 TX -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- CWG1D SCK1 -- -- -- -- -- -- Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 13-1. All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 13-2. These peripheral functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. These pins are configured for I2C logic levels as described in Section 13.3 "Bidirectional Pins"; clock and data signals may be assigned to any of these pins. Assignments to the other pins (e.g., RA5) will operate, but logic levels will be standard TTL/ST as selected by the INLVL register. DS40001799C-page 5 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 RA2 PDIP/SOIC/TSSOP UQFN ADC Reference Comparator NCO DAC DSM Timers CCP PWM CWG MSSP EUSART CLC CLKR Interrupt Pull-up Basic 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. I/O(2) 14/16-PIN ALLOCATION TABLE (PIC16(L)F18323) RA0 13 12 ANA0 -- C1IN0+ -- DAC1OUT -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- IOC Y ICDDAT/ ICSPDAT RA1 12 11 ANA1 VREF+ C1IN0C2IN0- -- DAC1REF+ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- IOC Y ICDCLK/ ICSPCLK RA2 11 10 ANA2 VREF- -- -- DAC1REF- -- T0CKI(1) -- -- CWG1IN(1) -- -- -- -- INT(1) IOC Y -- RA3 4 3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- IOC Y MCLR VPP RA4 3 2 ANA4 -- -- -- -- -- T1G(1) SOSCO -- -- -- -- -- -- -- IOC Y CLKOUT OSC2 RA5 2 1 ANA5 -- -- -- -- -- T1CKI(1) SOSCIN SOSCI -- -- -- -- -- CLCIN3(1) -- IOC Y CLKIN OSC1 RC0 10 9 ANC0 -- C2IN0+ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- SCK1(1) SCL1(1,3,4) -- -- -- IOC Y -- RC1 9 8 ANC1 -- C1IN1C2IN1- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- SDI1(1) SDA1(1,3,4) -- CLCIN2(1) -- IOC Y -- RC2 8 7 ANC2 -- C1IN2C2IN2- -- -- MDCIN1(1) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- IOC Y -- RC3 7 6 ANC3 -- C1IN3C2IN3- -- -- MDMIN(1) -- CCP2(1) -- -- SS1(1) -- CLCIN0(1) -- IOC Y -- RC4 6 5 ANC4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- CLCIN1(1) -- IOC Y -- -- CCP1(1) -- -- -- RX(1) -- -- IOC Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- VDD RC5 5 4 ANC5 -- -- -- -- MDCIN2(1) VDD 1 16 -- -- -- -- -- -- VSS 14 13 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- VSS -- -- -- -- C1OUT NCO -- DSM TMR0 CCP1 PWM5 CWG1A SDA1(3) CK CLC1OUT CLKR -- -- -- -- -- -- -- C2OUT -- -- -- -- CCP2 PWM6 CWG1B SCL1(3) DT CLC2OUT -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- OUT(2) Note 1: 2: 3: 4: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- CWG1C SDO1 TX -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- CWG1D SCK1 -- Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 13-1. All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 13-3. These peripheral functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. These pins are configured for I2C logic levels as described in Section 13.3 "Bidirectional Pins"; clock and data signals may be assigned to any of these pins. Assignments to other pins (e.g. RA5) will operate, but logic levels will be standard TTL/ST as selected by the INLVL register. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 6 TABLE 2: PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Table of Contents 1.0 Device Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.0 Guidelines for Getting Started With PIC16(L)F183XX Microcontrollers ..................................................................................... 16 3.0 Enhanced Mid-Range CPU ........................................................................................................................................................ 19 4.0 Memory Organization ................................................................................................................................................................. 21 5.0 Device Configuration .................................................................................................................................................................. 51 6.0 Resets ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 58 7.0 Oscillator Module........................................................................................................................................................................ 66 8.0 Interrupts .................................................................................................................................................................................... 85 9.0 Power-Saving Operation Modes .............................................................................................................................................. 101 10.0 Watchdog Timer (WDT) ........................................................................................................................................................... 107 11.0 Nonvolatile Memory (NVM) Control.......................................................................................................................................... 111 12.0 I/O Ports ................................................................................................................................................................................... 128 13.0 Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module ........................................................................................................................................ 142 14.0 Peripheral Module Disable ....................................................................................................................................................... 148 15.0 Interrupt-on-Change ................................................................................................................................................................. 154 16.0 Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) .............................................................................................................................................. 160 17.0 Temperature Indicator Module ................................................................................................................................................. 163 18.0 Comparator Module.................................................................................................................................................................. 165 19.0 Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) ............................................................................................................................................... 174 20.0 Complementary Waveform Generator (CWG) Module ............................................................................................................ 180 21.0 Configurable Logic Cell (CLC).................................................................................................................................................. 202 22.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Module .............................................................................................................................. 217 23.0 Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO1) Module ................................................................................................................... 231 24.0 5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module .................................................................................................................... 242 25.0 Data Signal Modulator (DSM) Module...................................................................................................................................... 246 26.0 Timer0 Module ......................................................................................................................................................................... 257 27.0 Timer1 Module with Gate Control............................................................................................................................................. 264 28.0 Timer2 Module ......................................................................................................................................................................... 277 29.0 Capture/Compare/PWM Modules ............................................................................................................................................ 282 30.0 Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP1) Module .................................................................................................................. 293 31.0 Enhanced Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (EUSART1) ............................................................. 346 32.0 Reference Clock Output Module .............................................................................................................................................. 371 33.0 In-Circuit Serial ProgrammingTM (ICSPTM) ............................................................................................................................... 374 34.0 Instruction Set Summary .......................................................................................................................................................... 376 35.0 Electrical Specifications............................................................................................................................................................ 390 36.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Charts ....................................................................................................................... 420 37.0 Development Support............................................................................................................................................................... 441 38.0 Packaging Information.............................................................................................................................................................. 445 The Microchip Website ...................................................................................................................................................................... 468 Customer Change Notification Service .............................................................................................................................................. 468 Customer Support .............................................................................................................................................................................. 468 Product Identification System ............................................................................................................................................................ 469 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 7 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS It is our intention to provide our valued customers with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip products. To this end, we will continue to improve our publications to better suit your needs. Our publications will be refined and enhanced as new volumes and updates are introduced. If you have any questions or comments regarding this publication, please contact the Marketing Communications Department via E-mail at docerrors@microchip.com. We welcome your feedback. Most Current Data Sheet To obtain the most up-to-date version of this data sheet, please register at our Worldwide Website at: http://www.microchip.com You can determine the version of a data sheet by examining its literature number found on the bottom outside corner of any page. The last character of the literature number is the version number, (e.g., DS30000000A is version A of document DS30000000). Errata An errata sheet, describing minor operational differences from the data sheet and recommended workarounds, may exist for current devices. As device/documentation issues become known to us, we will publish an errata sheet. The errata will specify the revision of silicon and revision of document to which it applies. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please check with one of the following: * Microchip's Worldwide Website; http://www.microchip.com * Your local Microchip sales office (see last page) When contacting a sales office, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include literature number) you are using. Customer Notification System Register on our website at www.microchip.com to receive the most current information on all of our products. DS40001799C-page 8 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DEVICE OVERVIEW Figure 1-1 shows a block diagram of the PIC16(L)F18313/18323 devices. Table 1-2 shows the pinout descriptions. Reference Table 1-1 for peripherals available per device. TABLE 1-1: DEVICE PERIPHERAL SUMMARY Peripheral PIC16(L)F18323 The PIC16(L)F18313/18323 are described within this data sheet. The PIC16(L)F18313 is available in 8-pin PDIP, SOIC and UDFN packages, and the PIC16(L)F18323 is available in 14-pin PDIP, SOIC and TSSOP packages and 16-pin UQFN packages. PIC16(L)F18313 1.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Temperature Indicator DAC1 ADCFVR CDAFVR DSM1 NCO1 CCP1 CCP2 C1 Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) Digital Signal Modulator (DSM) Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) Capture/Compare/PWM Modules (CCP) Comparators C2 Complementary Waveform Generator (CWG) CWG1 CLC1 CLC2 Configurable Logic Cell (CLC) Enhanced Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/ Transmitter (EUSART) EUSART1 MSSP1 PWM5 PWM6 TMR0 TMR1 TMR2 Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM) Timers (TMR) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 9 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 1-1: PIC16(L)F18313/18323 BLOCK DIAGRAM g Program Flash Memory Rev. 10-000039Z 5/25/2017 RAM Timing Generation CLKOUT/OSC2 PORTA EXTOSC Oscillator CLKIN/OSC1 CPU PORTC(2) (Note 3) Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) SOSCI SOSCO MCLR EUSART1 NCO1 PWM5 Temp Indicator Timer2 CWG2 Timer1 CWG1 DS40001799C-page 10 Note 1: See available chapters for more information on peripherals. 2: Available on PIC16(L)F18323 only. 3: See Figure 4-1. Timer0 CLC2 C2(2) ADC 10-bit C1 CLC1 WDT MSSP1 DAC1 CCP2 FVR CCP1 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 PWM6 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 1-2: PIC16(L)F18313 PINOUT DESCRIPTION Name RA0/ANA0/C1IN0+/ DAC1OUT/CLCIN3(1)/MDCIN1(1)/ ICSPDAT/ICDDAT Function Input Type Output Type Description RA0 TTL/ST CMOS ANA0 AN -- General purpose I/O. ADC Channel A0 input. Comparator C1 positive input. C1IN0+ AN -- DAC1OUT -- AN Digital-to-Analog Converter output. CLCIN3 TTL/ST -- Configurable Logic Cell source input. MDCIN1 TTL/ST -- Modular Carrier input 1. ICSPDAT TTL/ST -- ICSPTM Data I/O. ICDDAT TTL/ST -- In-Circuit Debug Data I/O. RA1 TTL/ST CMOS ANA1 AN -- RA1/ANA1/VREF+/C1IN0-/ MDMIN(1)/CLCIN2(1)/SCK1(3)/ SCL1(3)/RX(1)/DAC1REF+/ ICSPCLK/ICDCLK General purpose I/O. ADC Channel A1 input. VREF+ AN -- ADC Voltage Reference Positive input. C1IN0- AN -- Comparator C1 negative input. MDMIN TTL/ST -- Modulator Source Input. CLCIN2 TTL/ST -- Configurable Logic Cell source input. SCK1 TTL/ST -- SPI clock. SCL1 I2C OD I2C clock input/output. RX TTL/ST -- EUSART asynchronous input. DAC1REF+ AN -- Digital-to-Analog Converter positive reference voltage input. ICSPCLK -- CMOS Serial Programming Clock. ICDCLK -- CMOS In-Circuit Debug Clock. General purpose I/O. RA2/ANA2/VREF-/DAC1REF-/ SDI1(1,3)/SDA1(1,3)/T0CKI(1)/ CWG1IN(1)/INT(1) RA2 TTL/ST CMOS ANA2 AN -- ADC Channel A3 input. VREF- AN -- ADC Voltage Reference Negative input. DAC1REF- AN -- Digital-to-Analog Converter negative reference voltage input. SDI1 TTL/ST -- SPI Data Input. SDA1 I2C OD I2C clock input/output. T0CKI TTL/ST -- TMR0 clock input. CWG1IN TTL/ST -- Complementary Waveform Generator input. RA3/MCLR/VPP/SS1(1)/CLCIN0(1) INT TTL/ST -- RA3 TTL/ST CMOS External interrupt. MCLR TTL/ST -- Master Clear with internal pull-up. VPP HV -- Programming voltage. General purpose I/O. SS1 TTL/ST -- Slave Select input. CLCIN0 TTL/ST -- Configurable Logic Cell source input. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS = CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 13-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 13-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 11 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 1-2: PIC16(L)F18313 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name RA4/ANA4/C1IN1-/T1G(1)/ SOSCO/OSC2/CLKOUT RA5/ANA5/MDCIN2(1)/T1CKI(1)/ SOSCIN/SOSCI/CLCIN1(1)/ CCP1(1)/CCP2(2)/OSC1/CLKIN OUT(2) Function Input Type Output Type RA4 TTL/ST CMOS Description General purpose I/O. ANA4 AN -- ADC Channel A4 input. C1IN1- AN -- Comparator C1 negative input. T1G TTL/ST -- SOSCO -- XTAL Secondary Oscillator Connection. TMR1 gate input. Crystal/Resonator (LP, XT, HS modes). OSC2 -- XTAL CLKOUT -- CMOS FOSC/4 output. RA5 TTL/ST CMOS General purpose I/O. ANA5 AN -- ADC Channel A5 input. MDCIN2 TTL/ST -- Modular Carrier input 2. T1CKI TTL/ST -- TMR1 clock input. SOSCIN TTL/ST -- Secondary Oscillator Input Connection. SOSCI XTAL -- Secondary Oscillator Connection. CLCIN1 TTL/ST -- Configurable Logic Cell source input. CCP1 TTL/ST -- Capture/Compare/PWM1 input. CCP2 TTL/ST -- Capture/Compare/PWM2 input. OSC1 XTAL -- Crystal/Resonator (LP, XT, HS modes). CLKIN TTL/ST -- External clock input. C1OUT -- CMOS Comparator output. NCO1 -- CMOS NCO output. CCP1 -- CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM1 output. CCP2 -- CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM2 output. PWM5 -- CMOS PWM5 output. PWM6 -- CMOS PWM6 output. CWG1A -- CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator Output A. CWG1B -- CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator Output B. CWG1C -- CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator Output C. CWG1D -- CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator Output D. SDA1(3) -- OD SDO1 -- CMOS SCK1 -- CMOS SPI clock output. SCL1(3) -- OD I2C clock output. TX/CK -- CMOS I2C data input/output. SPI data output. EUSART asynchronous TX data/synchronous clock output. DT -- CMOS EUSART synchronous data output. CLC1OUT -- CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 1 source output. CLC2OUT -- CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 2 source output. DSM -- CMOS Modulator output. TMR0 -- CMOS TMR0 output. CLKR -- CMOS Clock reference output. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS = CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 13-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 13-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. DS40001799C-page 12 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 1-3: PIC16(L)F18323 PINOUT DESCRIPTION Name RA0/ANA0/C1IN0+/ DAC1OUT/ICSPDAT/ICDDAT RA1/ANA1/VREF+/C1IN0-/ C2IN0-/DAC1REF+/ICSPCLK/ ICDCLK RA2/ANA2/VREF-/DAC1REF-/ T0CKI(1)/CWG1IN(1)/INT(1) RA3/MCLR/VPP (1) RA4/ANA4/T1G /SOSCO/ OSC2/CLKOUT RA5/ANA5/T1CKI(1)/CLCIN3(1)/ SOSCI/SOSCIN/OSC1/CLKIN Function Input Type Output Type RA0 TTL/ST CMOS ANA0 AN -- Description General purpose I/O. ADC Channel A0 input. C1IN0+ AN -- Comparator C1 positive input. DAC1OUT -- AN Digital-to-Analog Converter output. ICSPDAT TTL/ST -- ICSPTM Data I/O. ICDDAT TTL/ST -- In-Circuit Debug Data I/O. RA1 TTL/ST CMOS ANA1 AN -- General purpose I/O. ADC Channel A1 input. VREF+ AN -- ADC Voltage Reference input. C1IN0- AN -- Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN0- AN -- Comparator C2 negative input. DAC1REF+ AN -- Digital-to-Analog Converter positive reference voltage input. ICSPCLK TTL/ST -- Serial Programming Clock. ICDCLK TTL/ST -- In-Circuit Debug Clock. RA2 TTL/ST CMOS ANA2 AN -- General purpose I/O. ADC Channel A2 input. VREF- AN -- ADC Negative Voltage Reference input. DAC1REF- AN -- Digital-to-Analog Converter negative reference voltage input. T0CKI TTL/ST -- TMR0 clock input. CWG1IN TTL/ST -- Complementary Waveform Generator input. External interrupt. INT TTL/ST -- RA3 TTL/ST CMOS MCLR TTL/ST -- Master Clear with internal pull-up. VPP HV -- Programming voltage. General purpose I/O. General purpose I/O. RA4 TTL/ST CMOS ANA4 AN -- ADC Channel A4 input. T1G TTL/ST -- TMR1 gate input. SOSCO -- XTAL Secondary Oscillator Connection. OSC2 -- XTAL Crystal/Resonator (LP, XT, HS modes). CLKOUT -- CMOS FOSC/4 output. RA5 TTL/ST CMOS General purpose I/O. ANA5 AN -- ADC Channel A5 input. T1CKI TTL/ST -- TMR1 clock input. CLCIN3 TTL/ST -- Configurable Logic Cell source input. SOSCI XTAL -- Secondary Oscillator Connection. SOSCIN TTL/ST -- Secondary Oscillator Input Connection. OSC1 XTAL -- Crystal/Resonator (LP, XT, HS modes). CLKIN TTL/ST -- External clock input. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS = CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 13-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 13-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 13 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 1-3: PIC16(L)F18323 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name RC0/ANC0/C2IN0+/SCL1(1)/ SCK1(1) RC1/ANC1/C1IN1-/C2IN1-/ SDA1(1)/SDI1(1)/CLCIN2(1) RC2/ANC2/C1IN2-/C2IN2-/ MDCIN1(1) RC3/ANC3/C1IN3-/C2IN3-/ MDMIN(1)/CCP2(1)/CLCIN0(1)/ SS1(1) RC4/ANC4/CLCIN1 (1) RC5/ANC5/MDCIN2(1)/CCP1(1)/ RX(1) Function Input Type Output Type RC0 TTL/ST CMOS Description General purpose I/O. ANC0 AN -- C2IN0+ AN -- ADC Channel C0 input. Comparator positive input. SCL1 I2C OD I2C clock. SCK1 TTL/ST -- SPI clock. RC1 TTL/ST CMOS ANC1 AN -- General purpose I/O. ADC Channel C1 input. C1IN1- AN -- Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN1- AN -- Comparator C2 negative input. SDA1 I2C OD I2C data. SDI1 TTL/ST -- SPI data input. CLCIN2 TTL/ST -- Configurable Logic Cell source input. RC2 TTL/ST CMOS General purpose I/O. ANC2 AN -- ADC Channel C2 input. C1IN2- AN -- Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN2- AN -- Comparator C2 negative input. MDCIN1 TTL/ST -- Modular Carrier input 1. RC3 TTL/ST CMOS ANC3 AN -- General purpose I/O. ADC Channel C3 input. C1IN3- AN -- Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN3- AN -- Comparator C2 negative input. MDMIN TTL/ST -- Modular Source input. CCP2 TTL/ST -- Capture/Compare/PWM2. CLCIN0 TTL/ST -- Configurable Logic Cell source input. SS1 TTL/ST -- Slave Select input. RC4 TTL/ST CMOS ANC4 AN -- ADC Channel C4 input. General purpose I/O. CLCIN1 TTL/ST -- Configurable Logic Cell source input. RC5 TTL/ST CMOS General purpose I/O. ANC5 AN -- ADC Channel C5 input. MDCIN2 TTL/ST -- Modular Carrier input 2. CCP1 TTL/ST -- Capture/Compare/PWM1. RX TTL/ST -- EUSART asynchronous input. VDD VDD Power -- Positive supply. VSS VSS Power -- Ground reference. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS = CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 13-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 13-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. DS40001799C-page 14 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 1-3: PIC16(L)F18323 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name OUT(2) Function Input Type Output Type C1OUT -- CMOS Comparator output. C2OUT -- CMOS Comparator output. CCP1 -- CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM1 output. CCP2 -- CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM2 output. PWM5 -- CMOS PWM5 output. Description PWM6 -- CMOS PWM6 output. CWG1A -- CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator Output A. CWG1B -- CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator Output B. CWG1C -- CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator Output C. CWG1D -- CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator Output D. SDA1(3) -- OD SDO1 -- CMOS SPI data output. SCK1 -- CMOS SPI clock output. SCL1(3) -- OD I2C clock output. I2C data input/output. TX/CK -- CMOS DT -- CMOS EUSART asynchronous TX data/synchronous clock output. EUSART synchronous data output. CLC1OUT -- CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 1 source output. CLC2OUT -- CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 2 source output. NCO1 -- CMOS Numerically controlled oscillator output. DSM -- CMOS Data Signal Modulator output. TMR0 -- CMOS TMR0 clock output. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS = CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 13-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 13-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 15 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 2.0 GUIDELINES FOR GETTING STARTED WITH PIC16(L)F183XX MICROCONTROLLERS 2.1 Basic Connection Requirements Getting started with the PIC16(L)F183XX family of 8-bit microcontrollers requires attention to a minimal set of device pin connections before proceeding with development. The following pins must always be connected: * All VDD and VSS pins (see Section 2.2 "Power Supply Pins") * MCLR pin (when configured for external operation) (see Section 2.3 "Master Clear (MCLR) Pin") These pins must also be connected if they are being used in the end application: * ICSPCLK/ICSPDAT pins used for In-Circuit Serial ProgrammingTM (ICSPTM) and debugging purposes (see Section 2.4 "ICSPTM Pins") * OSC1 and OSC2 pins when an external oscillator source is used (see Section 2.5 "External Oscillator Pins") Additionally, the following pins may be required: * VREF+/VREF- pins are used when external voltage reference for analog modules is implemented The minimum mandatory connections are shown in Figure 2-1. FIGURE 2-1: RECOMMENDED MINIMUM CONNECTIONS (Note 1) C2 R1 VSS VDD VDD R2 MCLR/VPP C1 PIC16(L)F1xxx VSS Key (all values are recommendations): C1 and C2: 0.1 PF, 20V ceramic R1: 10 k R2: 100 to 470 Note1: Only when MCLRE configuration bit is 1 and the MCLR pin does not have a weak pull-up. DS40001799C-page 16 2.2 2.2.1 Power Supply Pins DECOUPLING CAPACITORS The use of decoupling capacitors on every pair of power supply pins (VDD and VSS) is required. All VDD and VSS pins must be connected. None can be left floating. Consider the following criteria when using decoupling capacitors: * Value and type of capacitor: A 0.1 F (100 nF), 10-20V capacitor is recommended. The capacitor should be a low-ESR device, with a resonance frequency in the range of 200 MHz and higher. Ceramic capacitors are recommended. * Placement on the printed circuit board: The decoupling capacitors should be placed as close to the pins as possible. It is recommended to place the capacitors on the same side of the board as the device. If space is constricted, the capacitor can be placed on another layer on the PCB using a via; however, ensure that the trace length from the pin to the capacitor is no greater than 0.25 inch (6 mm). * Handling high-frequency noise: If the board is experiencing high-frequency noise (upward of tens of MHz), add a second ceramic type capacitor in parallel to the above described decoupling capacitor. The value of the second capacitor can be in the range of 0.01 F to 0.001 F. Place this second capacitor next to each primary decoupling capacitor. In high-speed circuit designs, consider implementing a decade pair of capacitances as close to the power and ground pins as possible (e.g., 0.1 F in parallel with 0.001 F). * Maximizing performance: On the board layout from the power supply circuit, run the power and return traces to the decoupling capacitors first, and then to the device pins. This ensures that the decoupling capacitors are first in the power chain. Equally important is to keep the trace length between the capacitor and the power pins to a minimum, thereby reducing PCB trace inductance. 2.2.2 TANK CAPACITORS On boards with power traces running longer than six inches in length, it is suggested to use a tank capacitor for integrated circuits, including microcontrollers, to supply a local power source. The value of the tank capacitor should be determined based on the trace resistance that connects the power supply source to the device, and the maximum current drawn by the device in the application. In other words, select the tank capacitor so that it meets the acceptable voltage sag at the device. Typical values range from 4.7 F to 47 F. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 2.3 Master Clear (MCLR) Pin The MCLR pin provides three specific device functions: * Device Reset (when MCLRE = 1) * Digital input pin (when MCLRE = 0) * Device Programming and Debugging If programming and debugging are not required in the end application then either set the MCLRE configuration bit to `1' and use the pin as a digital input or clear the MCLRE Configuration bit and leave the pin open to use the internal weak pull-up. The addition of other components, to help increase the application's resistance to spurious Resets from voltage sags, may be beneficial. A typical configuration is shown in Figure 2-1. Other circuit designs may be implemented, depending on the application's requirements. During programming and debugging, the resistance and capacitance that can be added to the pin must be considered. Device programmers and debuggers drive the MCLR pin. Consequently, specific voltage levels (VIH and VIL) and fast signal transitions must not be adversely affected. Therefore, the programmer MCLR/VPP output should be connected directly to the pin so that R1 isolates the capacitor, C1 from the MCLR pin during programming and debugging operations. Any components associated with the MCLR pin should be placed within 0.25 inch (6 mm) of the pin. 2.4 ICSPTM Pins The ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT pins are used for In-Circuit Serial ProgrammingTM (ICSPTM) and debugging purposes. It is recommended to keep the trace length between the ICSP connector and the ICSP pins on the device as short as possible. If the ICSP connector is expected to experience an ESD event, a series resistor is recommended, with the value in the range of a few tens of ohms, not to exceed 100. Pull-up resistors, series diodes and capacitors on the ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT pins are not recommended as they will interfere with the programmer/debugger communications to the device. If such discrete components are an application requirement, they should be isolated from the programmer by resistors between the application and the device pins or removed from the circuit during programming. Alternatively, refer to the AC/DC characteristics and timing requirements information in the respective device Flash programming specification for information on capacitive loading limits, and pin input voltage high (VIH) and input low (VIL) requirements. For device emulation, ensure that the "Communication Channel Select" (i.e., ICSPCLK/ICSPDAT pins), programmed into the device, matches the physical connections for the ICSP to the Microchip debugger/ emulator tool. For more information on available Microchip development tools connection requirements, refer to Section 37.0 "Development Support". 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 17 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 2.5 External Oscillator Pins Many microcontrollers have options for at least two oscillators: a high-frequency primary oscillator and a low-frequency secondary oscillator (refer to Section 7.0 "Oscillator Module" for details). The oscillator circuit should be placed on the same side of the board as the device. Place the oscillator circuit close to the respective oscillator pins with no more than 0.5 inch (12 mm) between the circuit components and the pins. The load capacitors should be placed next to the oscillator itself, on the same side of the board. Use a grounded copper pour around the oscillator circuit to isolate it from surrounding circuits. The grounded copper pour should be routed directly to the MCU ground. Do not run any signal traces or power traces inside the ground pour. Also, if using a two-sided board, avoid any traces on the other side of the board where the crystal is placed. Layout suggestions are shown in Figure 2-2. In-line packages may be handled with a single-sided layout that completely encompasses the oscillator pins. With fine-pitch packages, it is not always possible to completely surround the pins and components. A suitable solution is to tie the broken guard sections to a mirrored ground layer. In all cases, the guard trace(s) must be returned to ground. 2.6 Unused I/Os Unused I/O pins should be configured as outputs and driven to a logic low state. Alternatively, connect a 1 k to 10 k resistor to VSS on unused pins and drive the output logic low. FIGURE 2-2: Single-Sided and In-Line Layouts: Copper Pour (tied to ground) Primary Oscillator Crystal DEVICE PINS Primary Oscillator OSC1 C1 OSC2 GND C2 SOSCO SOSCI Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) Crystal In planning the application's routing and I/O assignments, ensure that adjacent port pins, and other signals in close proximity to the oscillator, are benign (i.e., free of high frequencies, short rise and fall times, and other similar noise). SOSC: C1 For additional information and design guidance on oscillator circuits, please refer to these Microchip Application Notes, available at the corporate website (www.microchip.com): * AN826, "Crystal Oscillator Basics and Crystal Selection for rfPICTM and PICmicro(R) Devices" * AN849, "Basic PICmicro(R) Oscillator Design" * AN943, "Practical PICmicro(R) Oscillator Analysis and Design" * AN949, "Making Your Oscillator Work" SUGGESTED PLACEMENT OF THE OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT SOSC: C2 Fine-Pitch (Dual-Sided) Layouts: Top Layer Copper Pour (tied to ground) Bottom Layer Copper Pour (tied to ground) OSCO C2 Oscillator Crystal GND C1 OSCI DEVICE PINS DS40001799C-page 18 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 3.0 The hardware stack is 16-levels deep and has Overflow and Underflow Reset capability. Direct, Indirect, and Relative addressing modes are available. Two File Select Registers (FSRs) provide the ability to read program and data memory. ENHANCED MID-RANGE CPU This family of devices contains an enhanced mid-range 8-bit CPU core. The CPU has 48 instructions. Interrupt capability includes automatic context saving. FIGURE 3-1: CORE DATA PATH BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000055B 8/23/2016 15 Configuration 15 MUX Flash Program Memory Data Bus 16-Level Stack (15-bit) RAM 14 Program Bus 8 Program Counter 12 Program Memory Read (PMR) RAM Addr Addr MUX Instruction Reg Direct Addr 7 5 Indirect Addr 12 12 BSR Reg 15 FSR0 Reg 15 FSR1 Reg STATUS Reg 8 Instruction Decode and Control OSC1/CLKIN OSC2/CLKOUT SOSCI Timing Generation Power-up Timer Power-on Reset Watchdog Timer Brown-out Reset 3 8 MUX ALU W Reg SOSCO VDD VSS Internal Oscillator Block 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 19 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 3.1 Automatic Interrupt Context Saving During interrupts, certain registers are automatically saved in shadow registers and restored when returning from the interrupt. This saves stack space and user code. See Section 8.5 "Automatic Context Saving" for more information. 3.2 16-Level Stack with Overflow and Underflow These devices have a hardware stack memory 15 bits wide and 16 words deep. A Stack Overflow or Underflow will set the appropriate bit (STKOVF or STKUNF) in the PCON0 register, and if enabled, will cause a software Reset. See Section 4.4 "Stack" for more details. 3.3 File Select Registers There are two 16-bit File Select Registers (FSR). FSRs can access all file registers, program memory, and data EEPROM, which allows one Data Pointer for all memory. When an FSR points to program memory, there is one additional instruction cycle in instructions using INDF to allow the data to be fetched. General purpose memory can now also be addressed linearly, providing the ability to access contiguous data larger than 80 bytes. See Section 4.5 "Indirect Addressing" for more details. 3.4 Instruction Set There are 48 instructions for the enhanced mid-range CPU to support the features of the CPU. See Section 34.0 "Instruction Set Summary" for more details. DS40001799C-page 20 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.0 MEMORY ORGANIZATION These devices contain the following types of memory: * Program Memory - Configuration Words - Device ID - Revision ID - User ID - Program Flash Memory * Data Memory - Core Registers - Special Function Registers - General Purpose RAM - Common RAM * Data EEPROM 4.1 Program Memory Organization The enhanced mid-range core has a 15-bit program counter capable of addressing 32K x 14 program memory space. Table 4-1 shows the memory sizes implemented. Accessing a location above these boundaries will cause a wrap-around within the implemented memory space. The Reset vector is at 0000h and the interrupt vector is at 0004h (see Figure 4-1). TABLE 4-1: DEVICE SIZES AND ADDRESSES Device PIC16(L)F18313/18323 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Program Memory Size (Words) Last Program Memory Address 2048 07FFh DS40001799C-page 21 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 4-1: PROGRAM MEMORY MAP AND STACK FOR PIC16(L)F18313/18323 PC<14:0> CALL, CALLW RETURN, RETLW Interrupt, RETFIE 15 Stack Level 0 Stack Level 1 Interrupt Vector On-chip Program Memory 0000h 0004h 0005h 07FFh 0800h Wraps to Page 0 DS40001799C-page 22 EXAMPLE 4-1: constants BRW RETLW RETLW RETLW RETLW DATA0 DATA1 DATA2 DATA3 RETLW INSTRUCTION ;Add Index in W to ;program counter to ;select data ;Index0 data ;Index1 data my_function ;... LOTS OF CODE... MOVLW DATA_INDEX call constants ;... THE CONSTANT IS IN W Wraps to Page 0 Rollover to Page 0 RETLW Instruction The RETLW instruction can be used to provide access to tables of constants. The recommended way to create such a table is shown in Example 4-1. Page 0-3 Rollover to Page 0 Wraps to Page 0 READING PROGRAM MEMORY AS DATA There are three methods of accessing constants in program memory. The first method is to use tables of RETLW instructions. The second method is to set an FSR to point to the program memory. The third method is to use the NVMCON registers to access the program memory. 4.1.1.1 Stack Level 15 Reset Vector 4.1.1 The BRW instruction makes this type of table very simple to implement. If your code must remain portable with previous generations of microcontrollers, computed GOTO method must be used because the BRW instruction is not available in some devices, such as the PIC16F6XX, PIC16F7XX, PIC16F8XX, and PIC16F9XX devices. 7FFFh 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.1.1.2 Indirect Read with FSR The program memory can be accessed as data by setting bit 7 of an FSRxH register and reading the matching INDFx register. The MOVIW instruction will place the lower eight bits of the addressed word in the W register. Writes to the program memory cannot be performed via the INDF registers. Instructions that read the program memory via the FSR require one extra instruction cycle to complete. Example 4-2 demonstrates reading the program memory via an FSR. Data memory uses a 12-bit address. The upper five bits of the address define the Bank address and the lower seven bits select the registers/RAM in that bank. FIGURE 4-2: 00h Special Function Registers ACCESSING PROGRAM MEMORY VIA FSR 1Fh 4.2 Data Memory Organization The data memory is partitioned into 32 memory banks with 128 bytes in each bank. Each bank consists of (Figure 4-2): * * * * 12 core registers Special Function Registers (SFR) Up to 80 bytes of General Purpose RAM (GPR) 16 bytes of common RAM 4.2.1 20h General Purpose RAM (80 bytes maximum) 6Fh 70h Common RAM (16 bytes) NVMREG Access The NVMREG interface allows read/write access to all locations accessible by the FSRs, User ID locations, and EEPROM. The NVMREG interface also provides read-only access to Device ID, Revision ID, and Configuration data. See Section 11.4 "NVMREG Access" for more information. BANK SELECTION The active bank is selected by writing the bank number into the Bank Select Register (BSR). Unimplemented memory will read as `0'. All data memory can be accessed either directly (via instructions that use the file registers) or indirectly via the two File Select Registers (FSR). See Section 4.5 "Indirect Addressing"" for more information. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Core Registers (12 bytes) 0Bh 0Ch constants RETLW DATA0 ;Index0 data RETLW DATA1 ;Index1 data RETLW DATA2 RETLW DATA3 my_function ;... LOTS OF CODE... MOVLW LOW constants MOVWF FSR1L MOVLW HIGH constants MOVWF FSR1H MOVIW 0[FSR1] ;THE PROGRAM MEMORY IS IN W 4.1.1.3 Memory Region 7-bit Bank Offset The HIGH directive will set bit 7 if a label points to a location in the program memory. EXAMPLE 4-2: BANKED MEMORY PARTITIONING 7Fh 4.2.2 CORE REGISTERS The core registers contain the registers that directly affect basic operation. The core registers occupy the first 12 addresses of every data memory bank (addresses x00h/x80h through x0Bh/x8Bh). These registers are listed below in Table 4-2. For detailed information, see Table 4-4. TABLE 4-2: CORE REGISTERS Addresses BANKx x00h or x80h x01h or x81h x02h or x82h x03h or x83h x04h or x84h x05h or x85h x06h or x86h x07h or x87h x08h or x88h x09h or x89h x0Ah or x8Ah x0Bh or x8Bh INDF0 INDF1 PCL STATUS FSR0L FSR0H FSR1L FSR1H BSR WREG PCLATH INTCON DS40001799C-page 23 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.2.2.1 STATUS Register The STATUS register, shown in Register 4-1, contains: * The arithmetic status of the ALU * The Reset status The STATUS register can be the destination for any instruction, like any other register. If the STATUS register is the destination for an instruction that affects the Z, DC or C bits, then the write to these three bits is disabled. These bits are set or cleared according to the device logic. Furthermore, the TO and PD bits are not writable. Therefore, the result of an instruction with the STATUS register as destination may be different than intended. REGISTER 4-1: U-0 It is recommended, therefore, that only BCF, BSF, SWAPF and MOVWF instructions are used to alter the STATUS register, because these instructions do not affect any Status bits. For other instructions not affecting any Status bits (Refer to Section 34.0 "Instruction Set Summary"). Note 1: The C and DC bits operate as Borrow and Digit Borrow out bits, respectively, in subtraction. STATUS: STATUS REGISTER U-0 -- For example, CLRF STATUS will clear the upper three bits and set the Z bit. This leaves the STATUS register as `000u u1uu' (where u = unchanged). -- U-0 R-1/q -- TO R-1/q PD R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u Z DC(1) C(1) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4 TO: Time-Out bit 1 = After power-up, CLRWDT instruction or SLEEP instruction 0 = A WDT Time-out occurred bit 3 PD: Power-Down bit 1 = After power-up or by the CLRWDT instruction 0 = By execution of the SLEEP instruction bit 2 Z: Zero bit 1 = The result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zero 0 = The result of an arithmetic or logic operation is not zero bit 1 DC: Digit Carry/Digit Borrow bit (ADDWF, ADDLW, SUBLW, SUBWF instructions)(1) 1 = A carry-out from the 4th low-order bit of the result occurred 0 = No carry-out from the 4th low-order bit of the result bit 0 C: Carry/Borrow bit(1) (ADDWF, ADDLW, SUBLW, SUBWF instructions)(1) 1 = A carry-out from the Most Significant bit of the result occurred 0 = No carry-out from the Most Significant bit of the result occurred Note 1: For Borrow, the polarity is reversed. A subtraction is executed by adding the two's complement of the second operand. For rotate (RRF, RLF) instructions, this bit is loaded with either the high-order or low-order bit of the source register. DS40001799C-page 24 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.2.3 SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS 4.2.5 The Special Function Registers are registers used by the application to control the desired operation of peripheral functions in the device. The Special Function Registers occupy the 20 bytes after the core registers of every data memory bank (addresses x0Ch/x8Ch through x1Fh/x9Fh), with the exception of banks 27, 28, and 29 (PPS and CLC registers). The registers associated with the operation of the peripherals are described in the appropriate peripheral chapter of this data sheet. 4.2.4 COMMON RAM There are 16 bytes of common RAM accessible from all banks. 4.2.6 DEVICE MEMORY MAPS The memory maps for PIC16(L)F18313/18323 are as shown in Table 4-4. GENERAL PURPOSE RAM There are up to 80 bytes of GPR in each data memory bank. The general purpose RAM can be accessed in a non-banked method via the FSRs. This can simplify access to large memory structures. See Section 4.5.2 "Linear Data Memory" for more information. TABLE 4-3: Bank Offset Name SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (ALL BANKS) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets All Banks 000h INDF0 Addressing this location uses contents of FSR0H/FSR0L to address data memory (not a physical register) xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 001h INDF1 Addressing this location uses contents of FSR1H/FSR1L to address data memory (not a physical register) xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 002h PCL 003h STATUS Program Counter (PC) Least Significant Byte -- -- -- TO 0000 0000 0000 0000 PD Z DC C ---1 1000 ---q quuu 004h FSR0L Indirect Data Memory Address 0 Low Pointer 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu 005h FSR0H Indirect Data Memory Address 0 High Pointer 0000 0000 0000 0000 006h FSR1L Indirect Data Memory Address 1 Low Pointer 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu 007h FSR1H Indirect Data Memory Address 1 High Pointer 008h BSR -- -- 0000 0000 0000 0000 -- BSR4 BSR3 009h WREG 00Ah PCLATH -- -- -- -- -- 00Bh INTCON GIE PEIE -- -- -- BSR2 BSR1 BSR0 Working Register ---0 0000 ---0 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu Write Buffer for the upper three bits ---- -000 ---- -000 of the Program Counter Legend: Note 1: -- -- INTEDG 00-- ---1 00-- ---1 x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. These Registers can be accessed from any bank 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 25 Name PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets RA1 RA0 Bank 0 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 00Ch PORTA 00Dh 00Eh PORTC 00Fh RA5 RA4 X X RA3 RA2 --xx xxxx --uu uuuu Unimplemented Unimplemented --uu uuuu RC5 RC4 RC2 RC1 RC0 --xx xxxx TMR0IF IOCIF INTF --00 ---0 --00 ---0 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF C1IF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 NVMIF NCO1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 RC3 Unimplemented PIR0 011h PIR1 012h PIR2 C2IF C1IF NVMIF NCO1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 013h PIR3 OSFIF CSWIF CLC2IF CLC1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 014h PIR4 CWG1IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 015h TMR0L TMR0<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 016h TMR0H TMR0<15:8> 1111 1111 1111 1111 017h T0CON0 018h T0CON1 019h TMR1L TMR1L<7:0> 01Ah TMR1H TMR1H<7:0> 01Bh T1CON 01Ch T1GCON 01Dh TMR2 01Eh PR2 01Fh T2CON Legend: Note 1: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. X X T0EN T0OUT T0CS<2:0> TMR1CS<1:0> TMR1GE T1GPOL T016BIT T0OUTPS<3:0> 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 T0ASYNC T0CKPS<3:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu T1CKPS<1:0> T1GTM T1SYNC T1GGO/ DONE T1GVAL TMR1ON 0000 00-0 uuuu uu-u 0000 0x00 uuuu uxuu TMR2<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 PR2<7:0> 1111 1111 1111 1111 -000 0000 -000 0000 T1GSPM T2OUTPS<3:0> T1SOSC TMR2ON T1GSS<1:0> T2CKPS<1:0> PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 26 010h PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets TRISA1 TRISA0 Bank 1 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 08Ch TRISA 08Dh 08Eh TRISC 08Fh X X 090h PIE0 091h PIE1 092h PIE2 093h PIE3 094h PIE4 TRISA5 TRISA4 TRISA2 --11 -111 --11 -111 Unimplemented Unimplemented --11 1111 TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 --11 1111 TMR0IE IOCIE INTE --00 ---0 --00 ---0 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE C1IE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 NVMIE NCO1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 TRISC3 Unimplemented X X C2IE C1IE NVMIE NCO1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 OSFIE CSWIE CLC2IE CLC1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 CWG1IE CCP2IE CCP1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 095h Unimplemented 096h Unimplemented --01 0110 --01 0110 097h WDTCON WDTPS<4:0> SWDTEN 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 098h Unimplemented 099h Unimplemented 09Ah Unimplemented 09Bh ADRESL ADRESL<7:0> xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu 0000 0000 0000 0000 09Ch ADRESH 09Dh ADCON0 ADRESH<7:0> 09Eh ADCON1 09Fh ADACT Legend: Note 1: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. CHS<5:0> ADFM GO/DONE ADCS<2:0> ADNREF ADON ADPREF<1:0> ADACT<3:0> 0000 -000 0000 -000 ---- 0000 ---- 0000 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 27 TABLE 4-4: Name PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets LATA1 LATA0 Bank 2 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 10Ch LATA 10Dh 10Eh LATC LATA5 X X LATC5 LATA4 LATA2 --xx -xxx --uu -uuu Unimplemented Unimplemented --xx xxxx --uu uuuu LATC4 LATC3 LATC2 LATC1 LATC0 10Fh Unimplemented 110h Unimplemented 00-0 -100 00-0 -100 0000 0000 0000 0000 111h CM1CON0 112h CM1CON1 113h CM2CON0 115h CM2CON1 CMOUT X C1OUT C1INTP C1INTN C1POL C1SP C1PCH<2:0> C1NCH<2:0> C2ON C2OUT C2POL C2SP C2SYNC 00-0 -100 00-0 -100 X X C2INTP C2INTN X MC1OUT ---- ---0 ---- ---0 X MC2OUT MC1OUT ---- --00 ---- --00 BORRDY 1--- ---q u--- ---u Unimplemented C2PCH<2:0> C2NCH<2:0> BORCON SBOREN Reserved FVRCON FVREN FVRRDY TSEN TSRNG CDAFVR<1:0> 118h DACCON0 DAC1EN DAC1OE DAC1PSS<1:0> 119h DACCON1 Legend: Note 1: C2HYS 117h C1SYNC Unimplemented 116h 11Ah-11Fh C1HYS ADFVR<1:0> DAC1NSS DAC1R<4:0> Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. 0000 0000 0000 0000 0q00 0000 0q00 0000 0-0- 00-0 0-0- 00-0 ---0 0000 ---0 0000 DS40001799C-page 28 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 114h X C1ON PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets ANSA1 ANSA0 Bank 3 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 18Ch ANSELA 18Dh 18Eh ANSELC ANSA5 X X ANSC5 ANSA4 ANSA2 --11 -111 --11 -111 Unimplemented Unimplemented --11 1111 --11 1111 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 18Fh Unimplemented 190h Unimplemented 191h Unimplemented 192h Unimplemented 193h Unimplemented 194h Unimplemented 195h Unimplemented 196h Unimplemented 197h VREGCON(1) ---- --01 ---- --01 198h 199h RC1REG VREGPM Reserved Unimplemented RC1REG<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 19Ah TX1REG TX1REG<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 19Bh SP1BRGL SP1BRG<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 19Ch SP1BRGH SP1BRG<15:8> 0000 0000 0000 0000 19Dh RC1STA RX9D 0000 000x 0000 000x SPEN RX9 SREN CREN ADDEN FERR OERR 19Eh TX1STA CSRC TX9 TXEN SYNC SENDB BRGH TRMT TX9D 0000 0010 0000 0010 19Fh BAUD1CON ABDOVF RCIDL SCKP BRG16 WUE ABDEN 01-0 0-00 01-0 0-00 Legend: Note 1: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 29 TABLE 4-4: Name PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets WPUA1 WPUA0 Bank 4 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 20Ch WPUA 20Dh 20Eh WPUC WPUA5 WPUA4 X X WPUC5 WPUA3 WPUA2 --00 0000 --00 0000 Unimplemented Unimplemented --00 0000 --00 0000 WPUC4 WPUC3 WPUC2 WPUC1 WPUC0 20Fh Unimplemented 210h Unimplemented SSP1BUF<7:0> xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu 211h SSP1BUF SSP1ADD SSP1ADD<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 213h SSP1MSK SSP1MSK<7:0> 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 214h SSP1STAT SMP CKE D/A P 215h SSP1CON1 WCOL SSPOV SSPEN CKP 216h SSP1CON2 GCEN ACKSTAT ACKDT ACKEN RCEN PEN RSEN SEN 0000 0000 0000 0000 217h SSP1CON3 ACKTIM PCIE SCIE BOEN SDAHT SBCDE AHEN DHEN 0000 0000 0000 0000 218h-21Fh Legend: Note 1: S R/W UA BF SSPM<3:0> Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. DS40001799C-page 30 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 212h PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets ODCA1 ODCA0 Bank 5 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 28Ch ODCONA 28Dh 28Eh ODCONC ODCA5 X X ODCC5 ODCA4 ODCA2 --00 -000 --00 -000 Unimplemented Unimplemented --00 0000 --00 0000 ODCC4 ODCC3 ODCC2 ODCC1 ODCC0 28Fh Unimplemented 290h Unimplemented 291h CCPR1L CCPR1<7:0> xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 292h CCPR1H 293h CCP1CON CCP1EN CCP1OUT CCP1FMT CCPR1<15:8> 294h CCP1CAP CCP1MODE<3:0> CCP1CTS<2:0> 0-x0 0000 0-x0 0000 ---- 0000 ---- xxxx 295h CCPR2L CCPR2<7:0> xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 296h CCPR2H CCPR2<15:8> xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 297h CCP2CON CCP2EN CCP2OUT CCP2FMT 298h CCP2CAP CCP2MODE<3:0> CCP2CTS<2:0> 0-x0 0000 0-x0 0000 ---- -000 ---- -xxx 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 299h Unimplemented 29Ah Unimplemented 29Bh Unimplemented 29Ch Unimplemented 29Dh Unimplemented 29Eh Unimplemented 29Fh Unimplemented Bank 6 30Ch 30Dh 30Eh 30Fh-31Fh Legend: Note 1: SLRCONA -- -- SLRCONC -- -- SLRA5 -- X -- -- X -- -- -- SLRC5 SLRA4 -- SLRA2 SLRA1 SLRA0 --11 -111 --11 -111 Unimplemented -- -- Unimplemented -- -- --11 1111 --11 1111 -- -- SLRC4 SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. SLRC0 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 31 TABLE 4-4: Name PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets INLVLA1 INLVLA0 Bank 7 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 38Ch INLVLA 38Dh 38Eh INLVLC INLVLA5 X X INLVLC5 INLVLA4 INLVLA3 INLVLA2 --11 1111 --11 1111 Unimplemented Unimplemented --11 1111 --11 1111 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 38Fh Unimplemented 390h Unimplemented --00 0000 --00 0000 391h IOCAP IOCAP5 IOCAP4 IOCAP3 IOCAP2 IOCAP1 IOCAP0 392h IOCAN IOCAN5 IOCAN4 IOCAN3 IOCAN2 IOCAN1 IOCAN0 --00 0000 --00 0000 393h IOCAF IOCAF5 IOCAF4 IOCAF3 IOCAF2 IOCAF1 IOCAF0 --00 0000 --00 0000 Unimplemented 395h Unimplemented 396h Unimplemented Unimplemented --00 0000 397h 398h 399h 39Ah 39Bh IOCCP IOCCN IOCCF X X X X X X CLKRCON IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCF5 IOCCF4 CLKREN IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 --00 0000 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 --00 0000 --00 0000 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 --00 0000 --00 0000 0--1 0000 0--1 0000 Unimplemented IOCCN3 Unimplemented IOCCF3 CLKRDC<1:0> CLKRDIV<2:0> Unimplemented DS40001799C-page 32 39Ch MDCON MDEN 39Dh MDSRC 39Eh MDCARH 39Fh MDCARL MDCLPOL Legend: Note 1: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. MDOUT MDBIT 0--0 0--0 0--0 0--0 MDOPOL MDMS<3:0> ---- xxxx ---- uuuu MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC MDCH<3:0> -xx- xxxx -uu- uuuu MDCLSYNC MDCL<3:0> -xx- xxxx -uu- uuuu PIC16(L)F18313/18323 394h PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets -- -- Bank 8 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 40Ch-41Fh -- -- -- -- Unimplemented Bank 9 48Ch-497h 498h NCO1ACCL 499h NCO1ACCH 49Ah NCO1ACCU Unimplemented -- -- NCO1ACC<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 NCO1ACC<15:8> NCO1ACC<19:16> 0000 0000 0000 0000 ---- 0000 ---- 0000 49Bh NCO1INCL NCO1INC<7:0> 0000 0001 0000 0001 49Ch NCO1INCH NCO1INC<15:8> 0000 0000 0000 0000 49Dh NCO1INCU ---- 0000 ---- 0000 49Eh NCO1CON N1EN N1OUT N1POL 49Fh NCO1CLK Legend: Note 1: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. N1PWS<2:0> NCO1INC<19:16> N1PFM N1CKS<1:0> 0-00 ---0 0-00 ---0 000- --00 000- --00 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 33 TABLE 4-4: 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Name PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 10-11 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 50Ch-51Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- 58Ch-59Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- 60Ch Unimplemented 60Dh Unimplemented 60Eh Unimplemented 60Fh Unimplemented 610h Unimplemented 611h Unimplemented 612h Unimplemented 613h Unimplemented 614h Unimplemented 615h Unimplemented 616h Unimplemented xx-- ---- uu-- ---- Bank 12 PWM5DCL 618h PWM5DCH 619h PWM5CON 61Ah PWM6DCL 61Bh PWM6DCH 61Ch PWM6CON 61Dh-61Fh Legend: Note 1: PWM5DC<1:0> PWM5OUT PWM5POL xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu 0-00 ---- 0-00 ---- xx-- ---- uu-- ---- xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu 0-00 ---- 0-00 ---- PWM5DC<9:2> PWM5EN PWM6DC<1:0> PWM6DC<9:2> PWM6EN PWM6OUT PWM6POL Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. DS40001799C-page 34 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 617h PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 13 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 68Ch Unimplemented 68Dh Unimplemented 68Eh Unimplemented 68Fh Unimplemented 690h Unimplemented 691h CWG1CLKCON ---- ---0 ---- ---0 CS 692h CWG1DAT ---- 0000 ---- 0000 693h CWG1DBR DBR<5:0> --00 0000 --00 0000 694h CWG1DBF DBF<5:0> --00 0000 --00 0000 695h CWG1CON0 EN LD 696h CWG1CON1 IN POLD 697h CWG1AS0 SHUTDOWN REN 698h CWG1AS1 AS3E AS2E(1) 699h CWG1STR OVRD OVRC OVRB OVRA STRD STRC STRB 69Ah-69Fh Legend: Note 1: DAT<3:0> LSBD<1:0> MODE<2:0> POLC LSAC<1:0> 00-- -000 00-- -000 POLA --x- 0000 --x- 0000 0001 01-- 0001 01-- AS1E AS0E ---0 0000 ---0 0000 STRA 0000 0000 0000 0000 POLB Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 35 TABLE 4-4: 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Name PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Banks 14-16 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 70Ch-71Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- 78Ch-79Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- 80Ch-81Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- 88Ch Unimplemented 88Dh Unimplemented 88Eh Unimplemented 88Fh Unimplemented 890h Unimplemented NVMADR<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 Bank 17 891h NVMADRL NVMADRH 893h NVMDATL 894h NVMDATH 895h NVMCON1 NVMREGS 896h NVMCON2 NVMADR<14:8> 1000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 -000 x000 -000 q000 NVMCON2<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 NVMDAT<7:0> NVMDAT<13:8> LWLO FREE WRERR WREN WR RD 897h Unimplemented 898h Unimplemented 899h Unimplemented 89Ah Unimplemented 00-1 110q qq-q qquu 89Bh 89Ch-89Fh Legend: Note 1: PCON0 STKOVF STKUNF RWDT RMCLR RI POR Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. BOR DS40001799C-page 36 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 892h PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 18 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 90Ch Unimplemented 90Dh Unimplemented 90Eh Unimplemented 90Fh Unimplemented 910h Unimplemented 911h PMD0 912h PMD1 913h PMD2 SYSCMD FVRMD NVMMD CLKRMD IOCMD 00-- -000 00-- -000 NCOMD TMR2MD TMR1MD TMR0MD 0--- -000 0--- -000 X DACMD ADCMD CMP1MD -00- --0- -00- --0- X DACMD ADCMD CMP2MD CMP1MD -00- -00- -00- -00- 914h PMD3 CWG1MD PWM6MD PWM5MD CCP2MD CCP1MD -000 --00 -000 --00 915h PMD4 UART1MD MSSP1MD --0- --0- --0- --0- 916h PMD5 CLC2MD CLC1MD DSMMD ---- -000 ---- -000 917h 918h Unimplemented DOZEN ROI DOE 000- -000 000- -000 CPUDOZE IDLEN 919h OSCCON1 NOSC<2:0> NDIV<3:0> -qqq 0000 -qqq 0000 91Ah OSCCON2 COSC<2:0> CDIV<3:0> -qqq 0000 -qqq 0000 DOZE<2:0> 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 91Bh OSCCON3 CSWHOLD SOSCPWR SOSCBE ORDY NOSCR 0000 0--- 0000 0--- 91Ch OSCSTAT1 EXTOR HFOR LFOR SOR ADOR PLLR qq-q qq-q qq-q qq-q 91Dh OSCEN EXTOEN HFOEN LFOEN SOSCEN ADOEN 00-0 00-- 00-0 00-- 91Eh OSCTUNE --10 0000 --10 0000 91Fh OSCFRQ ---- 0110 ---- 0110 Legend: Note 1: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. HFTUN<5:0> HFFRQ<3:0> PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 37 TABLE 4-4: Name PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Banks 19-27 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics 98Ch-9EFh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- A0Ch-A6Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- A8Ch-AEFh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- B0Ch-B6Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- B8Ch-BEFh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- C0Ch-C1Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- C8Ch-CEFh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- D0Ch-D6Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- D8Ch-D6Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. DS40001799C-page 38 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Legend: Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Banks 28 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics E0Ch -- -- Unimplemented -- -- E0Dh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- E0Eh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- ---- ---0 ---- ---0 E0Fh E10h PPSLOCK -- -- -- INTPPS -- -- -- INTPPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu E11h T0CKIPPS -- -- -- T0CKIPPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu E12h T1CKIPPS -- -- -- T1CKIPPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu E13h T1GPPS -- -- -- T1GPPS<4:0> ---0 0100 ---u uuuu ---u uuuu ---u uuuu E14h E15h CCP1PPS CCP2PPS -- -- -- -- PPSLOCKED X -- -- -- -- CCP1PPS<4:0> ---0 0101 -- X -- -- -- CCP1PPS<4:0> ---1 0101 X -- -- -- -- CCP2PPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- CCP2PPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu -- E16h -- -- Unimplemented -- E17h -- -- Unimplemented -- -- CWG1PPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu E18h E19h E1Ah 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. E1Bh E1Ch -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- MDCIN1PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- MDCIN1PPS<4:0> ---1 0010 ---u uuuu X -- -- -- -- MDCIN2PPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- MDCIN2PPS<4:0> ---1 0101 ---u uuuu X -- -- -- -- MDMINPPS<4:0> ---0 0001 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- MDMINPPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu CWG1PPS -- MDCIN1PPS MDCIN2PPS MDMINPPS -- X Unimplemented E1Dh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- E1Eh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- E1Fh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- ---u uuuu ---u uuuu E20h Legend: Note 1: SSP1CLKPPS X -- -- -- -- SSP1CLKPPS<4:0> ---0 0001 -- X -- -- -- SSP1CLKPPS<4:0> ---1 0000 x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 39 TABLE 4-4: E21h E22h E23h E24h E25h Name SSP1DATPPS SSP1SSPPS PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 X -- -- -- -- SSP1DATPPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- SSP1DATPPS<4:0> ---1 0001 ---u uuuu X -- -- -- -- SSP1SSPPS<4:0> ---0 0011 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- SSP1SSPPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu -- RXPPS TXPPS Bit 6 Bit 5 -- X Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Unimplemented Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets -- -- -- -- -- -- RXPPS<4:0> ---0 0001 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- RXPPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu X -- -- -- -- TXPPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- TXPPS<4:0> ---1 0100 ---u uuuu -- E26h -- -- Unimplemented -- E27h -- -- Unimplemented -- -- E28h E29h Legend: Note 1: CLCIN1PPS -- -- -- -- -- CLCIN0PPS<4:0> ---0 0011 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- CLCIN0PPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu X -- -- -- -- CLCIN1PPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu -- X -- -- -- CLCIN1PPS<4:0> ---1 0100 ---u uuuu -- -- -- Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. DS40001799C-page 40 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 E2Ah-E6Fh CLCIN0PPS X PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 29 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics E8Ch-E8Fh -- -- -- RA0PPS -- -- -- RA0PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu RA1PPS -- -- -- RA1PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu -- -- -- RA2PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu E90h E91h E92h RA2PPS E93h -- E94h RA4PPS E95h RA5PPS E96h-E9Fh EA0h EA1h -- -- Unimplemented -- Unimplemented -- -- -- -- -- -- -- RA4PPS<4:0> RA5PPS<4:0> Unimplemented -- -- ---0 0000 ---u uuuu ---0 0000 ---u uuuu ---0 0000 ---u uuuu RC0PPS -- -- -- RC0PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu RC1PPS -- -- -- RC1PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA2h RC2PPS -- -- -- RC2PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA3h RC3PPS -- -- -- RC3PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA4h RC4PPS -- -- -- RC4PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA5h RC5PPS -- -- -- RC5PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu E97h -- ---0 0000 ---u uuuu Legend: Note 1: -- Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 41 TABLE 4-4: 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Name PIC16(L)F18323 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 4-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 30 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics F0Ch -- -- Unimplemented -- -- F0Dh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- F0Eh -- -- Unimplemented -- -- MLC1OUT ---- --00 ---- --00 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 LC1G1POL 0--- xxxx 0--- uuuu F0Fh CLCDATA -- -- -- -- -- -- MLC2OUT CLC1CON LC1EN -- LC1OUT LC1INPT LC1INTN CLC1POL LC1POL -- -- -- LC1G4POL F12h CLC1SEL0 -- -- -- LC1D1S<4:0> ---x xxxx ---u uuuu F13h CLC1SEL1 -- -- -- LC1D2S<4:0> ---x xxxx ---u uuuu F14h CLC1SEL2 -- -- -- LC1D3S<4:0> ---x xxxx ---u uuuu F15h CLC1SEL3 -- -- -- LC1D4S<4:0> ---x xxxx ---u uuuu F16h CLC1GLS0 LC1G1D4T LC1G1D4N LC1G1D3T LC1G1D3N LC1G1D2T LC1G1D2N LC1G1D1T LC1G1D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F17h CLC1GLS1 LC1G2D4T LC1G2D4N LC1G2D3T LC1G2D3N LC1G2D2T LC1G2D2N LC1G2D1T LC1G2D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F18h CLC1GLS2 LC1G3D4T LC1G3D4N LC1G3D3T LC1G3D3N LC1G3D2T LC1G3D2N LC1G3D1T LC1G3D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F19h CLC1GLS3 LC1G4D4T LC1G4D4N LC1G4D3T LC1G4D3N LC1G4D2T LC1G4D2N LC1G4D1T LC1G4D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F1Ah CLC2CON LC2EN -- LC2OUT LC2INPT LC2INTN 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 -- LC2G4POL LC1MODE<2:0> LC1G3POL LC1G2POL LC2MODE<2:0> DS40001799C-page 42 F1Bh CLC2POL LC2POL -- -- 0--- xxxx 0--- uuuu F1Ch CLC2SEL0 -- -- -- LC2D1S<4:0> ---x xxxx ---u uuuu F1Dh CLC2SEL1 -- -- -- LC2D2S<4:0> ---x xxxx ---u uuuu F1Eh CLC2SEL2 -- -- -- LC2D3S<4:0> ---x xxxx ---u uuuu F1Fh CLC2SEL3 -- -- -- LC2D4S<4:0> ---x xxxx ---u uuuu F20h CLC2GLS0 LC2G1D4T LC2G1D4N LC2G1D3T LC2G1D3N LC2G1D2T LC2G1D2N LC2G1D1T LC2G1D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F21h CLC2GLS1 LC2G2D4T LC2G2D4N LC2G2D3T LC2G2D3N LC2G2D2T LC2G2D2N LC2G2D1T LC2G2D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F22h CLC2GLS2 LC2G3D4T LC2G3D4N LC2G3D3T LC2G3D3N LC2G3D2T LC2G3D2N LC2G3D1T LC2G3D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F23h CLC2GLS3 LC2G4D4T LC2G4D4N LC2G4D3T LC2G4D3N LC2G4D2T LC2G4D2N LC2G4D1T LC2G4D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu Legend: Note 1: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. LC2G3POL LC2G2POL LC2G1POL PIC16(L)F18313/18323 F10h F11h PIC16(L)F18323 Name PIC16(L)F18313 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets -- -- DC C ---- -xxx ---- -uuu xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu ---x -xxx ---- -uuu Bank 31 -- only accessible from Debug Executive, unless otherwise specified CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 4-2 for specifics F8Ch-FE3h -- FE4h(2) STATUS_SHAD FE5h(2) WREG_SHAD FE6h(2) -- Unimplemented -- -- -- BSR_SHAD -- -- -- FE7h(2) PCLATH_SHAD -- FE8h(2) FSR0L_SHAD FE9h(2) FEAh(2) FEBh(2) -- -- Z Working Register Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow Bank Select Register Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow Program Counter Latch High Register Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow -xxx xxxx -uuu uuuu Indirect Data Memory Address 0 Low Pointer Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu FSR0H_SHAD Indirect Data Memory Address 0 High Pointer Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu FSR1L_SHAD Indirect Data Memory Address 1 Low Pointer Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu FSR1H_SHAD Indirect Data Memory Address 1 High Pointer Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu Unimplemented -- -- ---x xxxx ---1 1111 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx FECh -- -- FEDh(2) STKPTR FEEh(2) TOSL FEFh(2) TOSH Legend: Note 1: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as `0', r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as `0'. Only on PIC16F18313/18323. -- -- -- Current Stack Pointer Top of Stack Low Byte -- Top of Stack Low Byte PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 43 TABLE 4-4: 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.3 4.3.2 PCL and PCLATH The Program Counter (PC) is 15-bits wide. The low byte comes from the PCL register, which is a readable and writable register. The high byte (PC<14:8>) is not directly readable or writable and comes from PCLATH. On any Reset, the PC is cleared. Figure 4-3 shows the five situations for the loading of the PC. FIGURE 4-3: 14 LOADING OF PC IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS PCH PCL 0 PC 6 7 8 0 PCLATH Instruction with PCL as Destination ALU Result 14 PCH PCL 0 GOTO, CALL PC 6 4 0 PCLATH 11 OPCODE <10:0> 14 PCH PCL 0 PC 6 7 0 PCLATH CALLW W 14 PCH PCL 0 PC BRW 15 PC + W 14 PCH PCL PC 0 BRA 15 PC + OPCODE <8:0> 4.3.1 A computed GOTO is accomplished by adding an offset to the program counter (ADDWF PCL). When performing a table read using a computed GOTO method, care should be exercised if the table location crosses a PCL memory boundary (each 256-byte block). Refer to Application Note AN556, "Implementing a Table Read" (DS00556). 4.3.3 MODIFYING PCL COMPUTED FUNCTION CALLS A computed function CALL allows programs to maintain tables of functions and provide another way to execute state machines or look-up tables. When performing a table read using a computed function CALL, care should be exercised if the table location crosses a PCL memory boundary (each 256-byte block). If using the CALL instruction, the PCH<2:0> and PCL registers are loaded with the operand of the CALL instruction. PCH<6:3> is loaded with PCLATH<6:3>. The CALLW instruction enables computed calls by combining PCLATH and W to form the destination address. A computed CALLW is accomplished by loading the W register with the desired address and executing CALLW. The PCL register is loaded with the value of W and PCH is loaded with PCLATH. 4.3.4 8 COMPUTED GOTO BRANCHING The branching instructions add an offset to the PC. This allows relocatable code and code that crosses page boundaries. There are two forms of branching, BRW and BRA. The PC will have incremented to fetch the next instruction in both cases. When using either branching instruction, a PCL memory boundary may be crossed. If using BRW, load the W register with the desired unsigned address and execute BRW. The entire PC will be loaded with the address PC + 1 + W. If using BRA, the signed 9-bit literal value ('k') of the operand of the BRA instruction is added to the PC. Since the PC will have incremented to fetch the next instruction, the new address will be PC + 1 + k. Executing any instruction with the PCL register as the destination simultaneously causes the Program Counter PC<14:8> bits (PCH) to be replaced by the contents of the PCLATH register. This allows the entire contents of the program counter to be changed by writing the desired upper seven bits to the PCLATH register. When the lower eight bits are written to the PCL register, all 15 bits of the program counter will change to the values contained in the PCLATH register and those being written to the PCL register. DS40001799C-page 44 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.4 Stack All devices have a 16-level x 15-bit wide hardware stack (refer to Figure 4-4 through Figure 4-7). The stack space is not part of either program or data space. The PC is PUSHed onto the stack when CALL or CALLW instructions are executed or an interrupt causes a branch. The stack is POPed in the event of a RETURN, RETLW or a RETFIE instruction execution. PCLATH is not affected by a PUSH or POP operation. The stack operates as a circular buffer and does not cause a Reset when either a Stack Overflow or Underflow occur if the STVREN bit is programmed to `0` (Configuration Words). This means that after the stack has been PUSHed sixteen times, the seventeenth PUSH overwrites the value that was stored from the first PUSH. The eighteenth PUSH overwrites the second PUSH (and so on). The STKOVF and STKUNF flag bits will be set on an Overflow/Underflow, regardless of whether the Reset is enabled. If the STVREN bit in Configuration Words is programmed to `1', the device will be Reset if the stack is PUSHed beyond the sixteenth level or POPed beyond the first level, setting the appropriate bits (STKOVF or STKUNF, respectively) in the PCON register. 4.4.1 ACCESSING THE STACK The stack is accessible through the TOSH, TOSL and STKPTR registers. STKPTR is the current value of the Stack Pointer. TOSH:TOSL register pair points to the TOP of the stack. Both registers are read/writable. TOS is split into TOSH and TOSL due to the 15-bit size of the PC. To access the stack, adjust the value of STKPTR, which will position TOSH:TOSL, then read/write to TOSH:TOSL. STKPTR is five bits to allow detection of overflow and underflow. Note: Care should be taken when modifying the STKPTR while interrupts are enabled. During normal program operation, CALL, CALLW and Interrupts will increment STKPTR while RETLW, RETURN, and RETFIE will decrement STKPTR. At any time, STKPTR can be read to see how many levels remain available on the stack. The STKPTR always points at the currently used place on the stack. Therefore, a CALL or CALLW will increment the STKPTR and then write the PC, and a return will write the PC and then decrement the STKPTR. Reference Figure 4-4 through Figure 4-7 for examples of accessing the stack. Note 1: There are no instructions/mnemonics called PUSH or POP. These are actions that occur from the execution of the CALL, CALLW, RETURN, RETLW and RETFIE instructions or the vectoring to an interrupt address. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 45 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 4-4: ACCESSING THE STACK EXAMPLE 1 TOSH:TOSL 0x0F STKPTR = 0x1F Stack Reset Disabled (STVREN = 0) 0x0E 0x0D 0x0C 0x0B 0x0A Initial Stack Configuration: 0x09 After Reset, the stack is empty. The empty stack is initialized so the Stack Pointer is pointing at 0x1F - 1. If the Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset is enabled, the TOSH/TOSL registers will return `0'. If the Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset is disabled, the TOSH/TOSL registers will return the contents of stack address 0x0F. 0x08 0x07 0x06 0x05 0x04 0x03 0x02 0x01 0x00 TOSH:TOSL FIGURE 4-5: 0x1F 0x0000 STKPTR = 0x1F Stack Reset Enabled (STVREN = 1) ACCESSING THE STACK EXAMPLE 2 0x0F 0x0E 0x0D 0x0C 0x0B 0x0A 0x09 This figure shows the stack configuration after the first CALL or a single interrupt. If a RETURN instruction is executed, the return address will be placed in the Program Counter and the Stack Pointer decremented to the empty state (0x1F). 0x08 0x07 0x06 0x05 0x04 0x03 0x02 0x01 TOSH:TOSL DS40001799C-page 46 0x00 Return Address STKPTR = 0x00 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 4-6: ACCESSING THE STACK EXAMPLE 3 0x0F 0x0E 0x0D 0x0C After seven CALLs or six CALLs and an interrupt, the stack looks like the figure on the left. A series of RETURN instructions will repeatedly place the return addresses into the Program Counter and pop the stack. 0x0B 0x0A 0x09 0x08 0x07 TOSH:TOSL FIGURE 4-7: 0x06 Return Address 0x05 Return Address 0x04 Return Address 0x03 Return Address 0x02 Return Address 0x01 Return Address 0x00 Return Address STKPTR = 0x06 ACCESSING THE STACK EXAMPLE 4 TOSH:TOSL 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 0x0F Return Address 0x0E Return Address 0x0D Return Address 0x0C Return Address 0x0B Return Address 0x0A Return Address 0x09 Return Address 0x08 Return Address 0x07 Return Address 0x06 Return Address 0x05 Return Address 0x04 Return Address 0x03 Return Address 0x02 Return Address 0x01 Return Address 0x00 Return Address When the stack is full, the next CALL or an interrupt will set the Stack Pointer to 0x10. This is identical to address 0x00 so the stack will wrap and overwrite the return address at 0x00. If the Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset is enabled, a Reset will occur and location 0x00 will not be overwritten. STKPTR = 0x10 DS40001799C-page 47 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.5 4.5.1 Indirect Addressing The INDFn registers are not physical registers. Any instruction that accesses an INDFn register actually accesses the register at the address specified by the File Select Registers (FSR). If the FSRn address specifies one of the two INDFn registers, the read will return `0' and the write will not occur (though Status bits may be affected). The FSRn register value is created by the pair FSRnH and FSRnL. TRADITIONAL/BANKED DATA MEMORY The banked data memory is a region from FSR address 0x000 to FSR address 0xFFF. The addresses correspond to the absolute addresses of all SFR, GPR and common registers. The FSR registers form a 16-bit address that allows an addressing space with 65536 locations. These locations are divided into four memory regions: * * * * Traditional/Banked Data Memory Linear Data Memory Program Flash Memory EEPROM FIGURE 4-8: INDIRECT ADDRESSING Rev. 10-000044F 1/13/2017 0x0000 0x0000 Traditional Data Memory 0x1FFF 0x2000 Linear Data Memory 0X2FEF 0X2FF0 Reserved FSR Address Range 0x7FFF 0x8000 PC value = 0x000 Program Flash Memory 0x87FF DS40001799C-page 48 PC value = 0x7FF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 4-9: TRADITIONAL/BANKED DATA MEMORY MAP Direct Addressing 4 BSR 0 6 Indirect Addressing From Opcode 0 7 0 Bank Select Location Select FSRxH 0 0 0 7 FSRxL 0 0 Bank Select 00000 00001 00010 11111 Bank 0 Bank 1 Bank 2 Bank 31 Location Select 0x00 0x7F 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 49 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.5.2 4.5.3 LINEAR DATA MEMORY The linear data memory is the region from FSR address 0x2000 to FSR address 0x29AF. This region is a virtual region that points back to the 80-byte blocks of GPR memory in all the banks. Unimplemented memory reads as 0x00. Use of the linear data memory region allows buffers to be larger than 80 bytes because incrementing the FSR beyond one bank will go directly to the GPR memory of the next bank. The 16 bytes of common memory are not included in the linear data memory region. FIGURE 4-10: 7 FSRnH 0 0 1 LINEAR DATA MEMORY MAP 0 7 FSRnL 0 PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY To make constant data access easier, the entire program Flash memory is mapped to the upper half of the FSR address space. When the MSB of FSRnH is set, the lower 15 bits are the address in program memory which will be accessed through INDF. Only the lower eight bits of each memory location is accessible via INDF. Writing to the program Flash memory cannot be accomplished via the FSR/INDF interface. All instructions that access program Flash memory via the FSR/INDF interface will require one additional instruction cycle to complete. FIGURE 4-11: 7 1 FSRnH PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY MAP 0 Location Select Location Select 0x2000 7 FSRnL 0x8000 0 0x0000 0x020 Bank 0 0x06F 0x0A0 Bank 1 0x0EF 0x120 Program Flash Memory (low 8 bits) Bank 2 0x16F 0xF20 Bank 30 0x29AF 0xFFFF 0xF6F 4.5.4 0x7FFF DATA EEPROM MEMORY The EEPROM memory can be read or written through the NVMCON register interface (see Section 11.2 "Data EEPROM"). However, to make access to the EEPROM easier, read-only access to the EEPROM contents are also available through indirect addressing via an FSR. When the MSB of the FSR (ex: FSRxH) is set to 0x70, the lower 8-bit address value (in FSRxL) determines the EEPROM location that may be read (via the INDF register). In other words, the EEPROM address range 0x00-0xFF is mapped into the FSR address space between 0x7000 and 0x70FF. Writing to the EEPROM cannot be accomplished via the FSR/INDF interface. Reads from the EEPROM through the FSR/INDF interface will require one additional instruction cycle to complete. DS40001799C-page 50 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 5.0 DEVICE CONFIGURATION Device configuration consists of Configuration Words, Code Protection and Device ID. 5.1 Configuration Words There are several Configuration Word bits that allow different oscillator and memory protection options. These are implemented as Configuration Word 1 at 8007h, Configuration Word 2 at 8008h, Configuration Word 3 at 8009h, and Configuration Word 4 at 800Ah. Note: The DEBUG bit in Configuration Words is managed automatically by device development tools including debuggers and programmers. For normal device operation, this bit should be maintained as a `1'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 51 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 5.2 Register Definitions: Configuration Words REGISTER 5-1: CONFIGURATION WORD 1: OSCILLATORS R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 U-1 U-1 R/P-1 FCMEN -- CSWEN -- -- CLKOUTEN bit 13 bit 8 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 -- RSTOSC2 RSTOSC1 RSTOSC0 -- FEXTOSC2 FEXTOSC1 FEXTOSC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `1' `0' = Bit is cleared `1' = Bit is set n = Value when blank bit 13 FCMEN: Fail-Safe Clock Monitor Enable bit 1 = ON FSCM timer enabled 0 = OFF FSCM timer disabled bit 12 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 11 CSWEN: Clock Switch Enable bit 1 = ON Writing to NOSC and NDIV is allowed 0 = OFF The NOSC and NDIV bits cannot be changed by user software bit 10-9 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 8 CLKOUTEN: Clock Out Enable bit If FEXTOSC = EC, HS, HT or LP, then this bit is ignored; otherwise: 1 = OFF CLKOUT function is disabled; I/O or oscillator function on OSC2 0 = ON CLKOUT function is enabled; FOSC/4 clock appears at OSC2 bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 6-4 RSTOSC<2:0>: Power-up Default Value for COSC bits This value is the Reset default value for COSC, and selects the oscillator first used by user software 111 = EXT1X EXTOSC operating per FEXTOSC<2:0> bits 110 = HFINT1 HFINTOSC (1 MHz) 101 = Reserved 100 = LFINT LFINTOSC 011 = SOSC SOSC (32.768 kHz) 010 = Reserved 001 = EXT4X EXTOSC with 4x PLL; EXTOSC operating per FEXTOSC<2:0> bits 000 = HFINT32 HFINTOSC (32 MHz) bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 2-0 FEXTOSC<2:0>: FEXTOSC External Oscillator Mode Selection bits 111 = ECH EC(External Clock) above 8 MHz 110 = ECM EC(External Clock) for 100 kHz to 8 MHz 101 = ECL EC(External Clock) below 100 kHz 100 = OFF Oscillator not enabled 011 = Unimplemented 010 = HS HS(Crystal oscillator) above 4 MHz 001 = XT HT(Crystal oscillator) above 100 kHz, below 4 MHz 000 = LP LP(Crystal oscillator) optimized for 32.768 kHz DS40001799C-page 52 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 5-2: CONFIGURATION WORD 2: SUPERVISORS R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 U-1 DEBUG STVREN PPS1WAY -- BORV -- bit 13 R/P-1 BOREN1 bit 8 R/P-1 R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 BOREN0 LPBOREN(3) -- WDTE1 WDTE0 PWRTE MCLRE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `1' `0' = Bit is cleared `1' = Bit is set n = Value when blank bit 13 DEBUG: Debugger Enable bit(1) 1 = OFF Background debugger disabled; ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT are general purpose I/O pins 0 = ON Background debugger enabled; ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT are dedicated to the debugger bit 12 STVREN: Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset Enable bit 1 = ON Stack Overflow or Underflow will cause a Reset 0 = OFF Stack Overflow or Underflow will not cause a Reset bit 11 PPS1WAY: PPSLOCK One-Way Set Enable bit 1 = ON The PPSLOCK bit can be cleared and set only once; PPS registers remain locked after one clear/set cycle 0 = OFF The PPSLOCK bit can be set and cleared repeatedly (subject to the unlock sequence) bit 10 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 9 BORV: Brown-out Reset Voltage Selection bit(2) 1 = LOW Brown-out Reset voltage (VBOR) set to 1.9V on LF, and 2.45V on F devices 0 = HIGH Brown-out Reset voltage (VBOR) set to 2.7V The higher voltage setting is recommended for operation at or above 16 MHz. bit 8 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 7-6 BOREN<1:0>: Brown-out Reset Enable bits When enabled, Brown-out Reset Voltage (VBOR) is set by the BORV bit 11 = ON Brown-out Reset is enabled; SBOREN bit is ignored 10 = SLEEP Brown-out Reset is enabled while running, disabled in Sleep; SBOREN bit is ignored 01 = SBOREN Brown-out Reset is enabled according to SBOREN 00 = OFF Brown-out Reset is disabled bit 5 LPBOREN: Low-Power BOR Enable bit(3) 1 = OFF ULPBOR is disabled 0 = ON ULPBOR is enabled bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 3-2 WDTE<1:0>: Watchdog Timer Enable bit 11 = ON WDT is enabled; SWDTEN is ignored 10 = SLEEP WDT is enabled while running and disabled in Sleep/Idle; SWDTEN is ignored 01 = SWDTEN WDT is controlled by the SWDTEN bit in the WDTCON register 00 = OFF WDT is disabled; SWDTEN is ignored bit 1 PWRTE: Power-up Timer Enable bit 1 = OFF PWRT is disabled 0 = ON PWRT is enabled bit 0 MCLRE: Master Clear (MCLR) Enable bit If LVP = 1: RA3 pin function is MCLR. If LVP = 0: 1 = ON MCLR pin is MCLR. 0 = OFF MCLR pin function is port-defined function. Note 1: 2: 3: The DEBUG bit in Configuration Words is managed automatically by device development tools including debuggers and programmers. For normal device operation, this bit should be maintained as a `1'. See VBOR parameter for specific trip point voltages. PIC16LF18313/18323 devices only. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 53 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 5-3: CONFIGURATION WORD 3: MEMORY R/P-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 LVP(1) -- -- -- -- -- bit 13 bit 8 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 -- -- -- -- -- -- WRT1 WRT0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `1' `0' = Bit is cleared `1' = Bit is set n = Value when blank or after Bulk Erase bit 13 LVP: Low-Voltage Programming Enable bit(1) 1 = ON Low-Voltage Programming is enabled. MCLR/VPP pin function is MCLR. MCLRE Configuration bit is ignored. 0 = OFF HV on MCLR/VPP must be used for programming. bit 12-2 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 1-0 WRT<1:0>: User NVM Self-Write Protection bits 11 = OFF Write protection off 10 = BOOT 0000h to 01FFh write-protected, 0200h to 07FFh may be modified 01 = HALF 0000h to 03FFh write-protected, 0400h to 07FFh may be modified 00 = ALL 0000h to 07FFh write-protected, no addresses may be modified WRT applies only to the self-write feature of the device; writing through ICSPTM is never protected. Note 1: The LVP bit cannot be programmed to `0' when Programming mode is entered via LVP. DS40001799C-page 54 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 5-4: CONFIGURATION WORD 4: CODE PROTECTION U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 -- -- -- -- -- -- bit 13 bit 8 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 -- -- -- -- -- -- CPD CP bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `1' `0' = Bit is cleared `1' = Bit is set n = Value when blank or after Bulk Erase bit 13-2 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 1 CPD: Data EEPROM Memory Code Protection bit 1 = OFF Data EEPROM code protection disabled 0 = ON Data EEPROM code protection enabled bit 0 CP: Program Memory Code Protection bit 1 = OFF Program Memory code protection disabled 0 = ON Program Memory code protection enabled 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 55 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 5.3 Code Protection Code protection allows the device to be protected from unauthorized access. Program memory protection and data memory are controlled independently. Internal access to the program memory is unaffected by any code protection setting. 5.3.1 PROGRAM MEMORY PROTECTION The entire program memory space is protected from external reads and writes by the CP bit in Configuration Words. When CP = 0, external reads and writes of program memory are inhibited and a read will return all `0's. The CPU can continue to read program memory, regardless of the protection bit settings. Self-write writing the program memory is dependent upon the write protection setting. See Section 5.4 "Write Protection" for more information. 5.3.2 DATA MEMORY PROTECTION The entire data EEPROM is protected from external reads and writes by the CPD bit in the Configuration Words. When CPD = 0, external reads and writes of EEPROM memory are inhibited and a read will return all `0's. The CPU can continue to read and write EEPROM memory, regardless of the protection bit settings. 5.4 Write Protection Write protection allows the device to be protected from unintended self-writes. Applications, such as boot loader software, can be protected while allowing other regions of the program memory to be modified. The WRT<1:0> bits in Configuration Words define the size of the program memory block that is protected. 5.5 User ID Four memory locations (8000h-8003h) are designated as ID locations where the user can store checksum or other code identification numbers. These locations are readable and writable during normal execution. See Section 11.4.7 "NVMREG EEPROM, User ID, Device ID and Configuration Word Access" for more information on accessing these memory locations. For more information on checksum calculation, see the "PIC16(L)F183XX Memory Programming Specification" (DS40001738). 5.6 Device ID and Revision ID The 14-bit device ID word is located at 8006h and the 14-bit revision ID is located at 8005h. These locations are read-only and cannot be erased or modified. See Section 11.4.7 "NVMREG EEPROM, User ID, Device ID and Configuration Word Access" for more information on accessing these memory locations. Development tools, such as device programmers and debuggers, may be used to read the Device ID and Revision ID. DS40001799C-page 56 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 5.7 Register Definitions: Device and Revision REGISTER 5-5: DEVID: DEVICE ID REGISTER R R R R R R DEV<13:8> bit 13 R R bit 8 R R R R R R DEV<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit `1' = Bit is set bit 13-0 `0' = Bit is cleared DEV<13:0>: Device ID bits Device DEVID<13:0> Values PIC16F18313 11 0000 0011 0100 (3034h) PIC16LF18313 11 0000 0011 0110 (3036h) PIC16F18323 11 0000 0011 0101 (3035h) PIC16LF18323 11 0000 0011 0111 (3037h) REGISTER 5-6: REVID: REVISION ID REGISTER R-1 R-0 R R R R REV<13:8> bit 13 R R bit 8 R R R R R R REV<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit `1' = Bit is set bit 13-0 Note: `0' = Bit is cleared REV<13:0>: Revision ID bits The upper two bits of the Revision ID Register will always read `10'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 57 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 6.0 RESETS There are multiple ways to reset this device: * * * * * * * * * Power-On Reset (POR) Brown-Out Reset (BOR) Low-Power Brown-Out Reset (LPBOR) MCLR Reset WDT Reset RESET instruction Stack Overflow Stack Underflow Programming mode exit To allow VDD to stabilize, an optional Power-up Timer can be enabled to extend the Reset time after a BOR or POR event. A simplified block diagram of the on-chip Reset circuit is shown in Figure 6-1. FIGURE 6-1: SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF ON-CHIP RESET CIRCUIT Rev. 10-000006A 8/14/2013 ICSPTM Programming Mode Exit RESET Instruction Stack Underflow Stack Overlfow MCLRE VPP/MCLR Sleep WDT Time-out Device Reset Power-on Reset VDD BOR Active(1) Brown-out Reset LPBOR Reset Note 1: R LFINTOSC Power-up Timer PWRTE See Table 6-1 for BOR active conditions. DS40001799C-page 58 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 6.1 Power-on Reset (POR) The POR circuit holds the device in Reset until VDD has reached an acceptable level for minimum operation. Slow rising VDD, fast operating speeds or analog performance may require greater than minimum VDD. The PWRT, BOR or MCLR features can be used to extend the start-up period until all device operation conditions have been met. 6.2 Brown-out Reset (BOR) The BOR circuit holds the device in Reset while VDD is below a selectable minimum level. Between the POR and BOR, complete voltage range coverage for execution protection can be implemented. The Brown-out Reset module has four operating modes controlled by the BOREN<1:0> bits in Configuration Words. The four operating modes are: * * * * BOR is always on BOR is off when in Sleep BOR is controlled by software BOR is always off Refer to Table 6-1 for more information. The Brown-out Reset voltage level is selectable by configuring the BORV bit in Configuration Words. A VDD noise rejection filter prevents the BOR from triggering on small events. If VDD falls below VBOR for a duration greater than parameter TBORDC, the device will reset, and the BOR bit of the PCON0 register will be cleared, indicating that a Brown-out Reset condition occurred. See Figure 6-2 for more information. TABLE 6-1: BOR OPERATING MODES BOREN<1:0> SBOREN Device Mode BOR Mode 11 X X Active 10 X Awake Active Sleep Disabled Active 1 X 01 00 0 X Disabled X X Disabled 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Instruction Execution upon: Release of POR or Wake-up from Sleep In these specific cases, "Release of POR" and "Wake-up from Sleep", there is no delay in start-up. The BOR ready flag, (BORRDY = 1), will be set before the CPU is ready to execute instructions because the BOR circuit is forced on by the BOREN<1:0> bits. Waits for release of BOR (BORRDY = 1) BOR ignored when asleep In these specific cases, "Release of POR" and "Wake-up from Sleep", there is no delay in start-up. The BOR ready flag, (BORRDY = 1), will be set before the CPU is ready to execute instructions because the BOR circuit is forced on by the BOREN<1:0> bits. Begins immediately (BORRDY = x) DS40001799C-page 59 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 6.2.1 BOR IS ALWAYS ON 6.2.3 When the BOREN bits of Configuration Words are programmed to `11', the BOR is always on. The device start-up will be delayed until the BOR is ready and VDD is higher than the BOR threshold. When the BOREN bits of Configuration Words are programmed to `01', the BOR is controlled by the SBOREN bit of the BORCON register. The device wake from Sleep is not delayed by the BOR Ready condition or the VDD level only when the SBOREN bit is cleared in software and the device is starting up from a non POR/BOR Reset event. BOR protection is active during Sleep. The BOR does not delay wake-up from Sleep. 6.2.2 BOR CONTROLLED BY SOFTWARE BOR IS OFF IN SLEEP BOR protection begins as soon as the BOR circuit is ready. The status of the BOR circuit is reflected in the BORRDY bit of the BORCON register. When the BOREN bits of Configuration Words are programmed to `10', the BOR is on, except in Sleep. The device start-up will be delayed until the BOR is ready and VDD is higher than the BOR threshold. BOR protection is unchanged by Sleep. BOR protection is not active during Sleep, but device wake-up will be delayed until the BOR can determine that VDD is higher than the BOR threshold. The device wake-up will be delayed until the BOR is ready. FIGURE 6-2: BROWN-OUT SITUATIONS VDD Internal Reset VBOR TPWRT(1) VDD Internal Reset VBOR < TPWRT TPWRT(1) VDD Internal Reset Note 1: 6.2.4 VBOR TPWRT(1) TPWRT delay only if PWRTE bit is programmed to `0'. BOR ALWAYS OFF When the BOREN bits of Configuration Word 2 are programmed to `00', the BOR is always disable. In the configuration, setting the SWBOREN bit will have no affect on BOR operation. DS40001799C-page 60 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 6.3 Low-Power Brown-out Reset (LPBOR)(PIC16LF18313/18323 Devices Only) The Low-Power Brown-Out Reset (LPBOR) circuit provides alternative protection against Brown-out conditions for the PIC16LF18313/18323 devices only. When VDD falls below the LPBOR threshold, the device is held in Reset. When this occurs, the BOR bit of the PCON0 register is cleared to indicate that a Brown-out Reset occurred. The BOR bit will be cleared when either the BOR or the LPBOR circuitry detects a BOR condition. The LPBOR feature can be used with or without BOR enabled. When used while BOR is enabled, the LPBOR can be used as a secondary protection circuit in case the BOR circuit fails to detect the BOR condition. Additionally, when BOR is enabled except while in Sleep (BOREN<1:0> = 10), the LPBOR circuit will hold the device in Reset while VDD is lower than the LPBOR threshold, and will also re-arm the POR. (See Table 35-11 for LPBOR Reset voltage levels). The device has a noise filter in the MCLR Reset path. The filter will detect and ignore small pulses. Note: 6.4.2 A Reset does not drive the MCLR pin low. MCLR DISABLED When MCLR is disabled, the pin functions as a general purpose input and the internal weak pull-up is under software control. See Section 12.2 "PORTA Registers" for more information. 6.5 Watchdog Timer (WDT) Reset The Watchdog Timer generates a Reset if the firmware does not issue a CLRWDT instruction within the time-out period. The TO and PD bits in the STATUS register as well as the RWDT bit in the PCON0 register, are changed to indicate the WDT Reset. See Section 10.0 "Watchdog Timer (WDT)" for more information. 6.6 RESET Instruction When used without BOR enabled, the LPBOR circuit provides a single Reset trip point with the benefit of reduced current consumption. A RESET instruction will cause a device Reset. The RI bit in the PCON0 register will be set to `0'. See Table 6-4 for default conditions after a RESET instruction has occurred. 6.3.1 6.7 ENABLING LPBOR The LPBOR is controlled by the LPBOR bit of Configuration Words. When the device is erased, the LPBOR module defaults to disabled. 6.3.1.1 LPBOR Module Output The output of the LPBOR module is a signal indicating whether or not a Reset is to be asserted. This signal is OR'd together with the Reset signal of the BOR module to provide the generic BOR signal, which goes to the PCON0 register and to the power control block. 6.4 MCLR The MCLR is an optional external input that can reset the device. The MCLR function is controlled by the MCLRE bit of Configuration Words and the LVP bit of Configuration Words (Table 6-2). TABLE 6-2: MCLR CONFIGURATION MCLRE LVP MCLR 0 0 Disabled 1 0 Enabled x 1 Enabled 6.4.1 Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset The device can reset when the Stack Overflows or Underflows. The STKOVF or STKUNF bits of the PCON0 register indicate the Reset condition. These Resets are enabled by setting the STVREN bit in Configuration Words. See Section 4.4 "Stack" for more information. 6.8 Programming Mode Exit Upon exit of Programming mode, the device will behave as if a device Reset had just occurred. 6.9 Power-up Timer The Power-up Timer provides a nominal 64 ms time-out on POR or Brown-out Reset. The device is held in Reset as long as PWRT is active. The PWRT delay allows additional time for the VDD to rise to an acceptable level. The Power-up Timer is enabled by clearing the PWRTE bit in Configuration Words. The Power-up Timer starts after the release of the POR and BOR. For additional information, refer to Application Note AN607, "Power-up Trouble Shooting" (DS00607). MCLR ENABLED When MCLR is enabled and the pin is held low, the device is held in Reset. The MCLR pin is connected to VDD through an internal weak pull-up. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 61 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 6.10 Start-up Sequence Upon the release of a POR or BOR, the following must occur before the device will begin executing: 1. 2. 3. Power-up Timer runs to completion (if enabled). MCLR must be released (if enabled). Oscillator start-up timer runs to completion (if required for oscillator source). The Power-up Timer and oscillator start-up timer run independently of MCLR Reset. If MCLR is kept low long enough, the Power-up Timer will expire. Upon bringing MCLR high, the device will begin execution after 10 FOSC cycles (see Figure 6-3). This is useful for testing purposes or to synchronize more than one device operating in parallel. The total time-out will vary based on oscillator configuration and Power-up Timer Configuration. See Section 7.0 "Oscillator Module" for more information. FIGURE 6-3: RESET START-UP SEQUENCE VDD Internal POR TPWRT Power-up Timer MCLR TMCLR Internal RESET Oscillator Modes External Crystal TOST Oscillator Start-up Timer Oscillator FOSC Internal Oscillator Oscillator FOSC External Clock (EC) CLKIN FOSC DS40001799C-page 62 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 6.11 Determining the Cause of a Reset Upon any Reset, multiple bits in the STATUS and PCON0 register are updated to indicate the cause of the Reset. Table 6-3 and Table 6-4 show the Reset conditions of these registers. TABLE 6-3: RESET STATUS BITS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE STKOVF STKUNF RWDT RMCLR RI POR BOR TO PD Condition 0 0 1 1 1 0 x 1 1 Power-on Reset 0 0 1 1 1 0 x 0 x Illegal, TO is set on POR 0 0 1 1 1 0 x x 0 Illegal, PD is set on POR 0 0 u 1 1 u 0 1 1 Brown-out Reset u u 0 u u u u 0 u WDT Reset u u u u u u u 0 0 WDT Wake-up from Sleep u u u u u u u 1 0 Interrupt Wake-up from Sleep u u u 0 u u u u u MCLR Reset during Normal Operation u u u 0 u u u 1 0 MCLR Reset during Sleep u u u u 0 u u u u RESET Instruction Executed 1 u u u u u u u u Stack Overflow Reset (STVREN = 1) u 1 u u u u u u u Stack Underflow Reset (STVREN = 1) TABLE 6-4: RESET CONDITION FOR SPECIAL REGISTERS Program Counter STATUS Register PCON0 Register Power-on Reset 0000h ---1 1000 00-- 110x MCLR Reset during Normal Operation 0000h ---u uuuu uu-- 0uuu MCLR Reset during Sleep 0000h ---1 0uuu uu-- 0uuu WDT Reset 0000h ---0 uuuu uu-0 uuuu WDT Wake-up from Sleep PC + 1 ---0 0uuu uu-u uuuu Condition Brown-out Reset 0000h ---1 1000 00-1 11u0 PC + 1(1) ---1 0uuu uu-u uuuu RESET Instruction Executed 0000h ---u uuuu uu-u u0uu Stack Overflow Reset (STVREN = 1) 0000h ---u uuuu 1u-u uuuu Stack Underflow Reset (STVREN = 1) 0000h ---u uuuu u1-u uuuu Interrupt Wake-up from Sleep Legend: u = unchanged, x = unknown, - = unimplemented bit, reads as `0'. Note 1: When the wake-up is due to an interrupt and Global Enable bit (GIE) is set, the return address is pushed on the stack and PC is loaded with the interrupt vector (0004h) after execution of PC + 1. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 63 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 6-1: BORCON: BROWN-OUT RESET CONTROL REGISTER R/W-1/u R/W-0-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R-q/u SBOREN(1) Reserved -- -- -- -- -- BORRDY bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 SBOREN: Software Brown-out Reset Enable bit(1) If BOREN <1:0> in Configuration Words 01: SBOREN is read/write, but has no effect on the BOR. If BOREN <1:0> in Configuration Words = 01: 1 = BOR Enabled 0 = BOR Disabled bit 6 Reserved. Bit must be maintained as `0'. bit 5-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 BORRDY: Brown-out Reset Circuit Ready Status bit 1 = The Brown-out Reset circuit is active 0 = The Brown-out Reset circuit is inactive Note 1: 6.12 BOREN<1:0> bits are located in Configuration Words. Power Control (PCON0) Register The Power Control (PCON0) register contains flag bits to differentiate between a: * * * * * * * Power-on Reset (POR) Brown-out Reset (BOR) Reset Instruction Reset (RI) MCLR Reset (RMCLR) Watchdog Timer Reset (RWDT) Stack Underflow Reset (STKUNF) Stack Overflow Reset (STKOVF) The PCON0 register bits are shown in Register 6-2. Hardware will change the corresponding register bit during the Reset process; if the Reset was not caused by the condition, the bit remains unchanged (Table 6-4). Software should reset the bit to the inactive state after the restart (hardware will not reset the bit). Software may also set any PCON0 bit to the active state, so that user code may be tested, but no Reset action will be generated. DS40001799C-page 64 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 6.13 Register Definitions: Power Control REGISTER 6-2: PCON0: POWER CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W/HS-0/q R/W/HS-0/q U-0 STKOVF STKUNF -- R/W/HC-1/q R/W/HC-1/q RWDT R/W/HC-1/q R/W/HC-q/u R/W/HC-q/u RI POR BOR RMCLR bit 7 bit 0 Legend: HC = Bit is cleared by hardware HS = Bit is set by hardware R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -m/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 STKOVF: Stack Overflow Flag bit 1 = A Stack Overflow occurred 0 = A Stack Overflow has not occurred or has been cleared by firmware bit 6 STKUNF: Stack Underflow Flag bit 1 = A Stack Underflow occurred 0 = A Stack Underflow has not occurred or has been cleared by firmware bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4 RWDT: Watchdog Timer Reset Flag bit 1 = A Watchdog Timer Reset has not occurred or set to `1' by firmware 0 = A Watchdog Timer Reset has occurred (cleared by hardware) bit 3 RMCLR: MCLR Reset Flag bit 1 = A MCLR Reset has not occurred or set to `1' by firmware 0 = A MCLR Reset has occurred (cleared by hardware) bit 2 RI: RESET Instruction Flag bit 1 = A RESET instruction has not been executed or set to `1' by firmware 0 = A RESET instruction has been executed (cleared by hardware) bit 1 POR: Power-on Reset Status bit 1 = No Power-on Reset occurred 0 = A Power-on Reset occurred (must be set in software after a Power-on Reset occurs) bit 0 BOR: Brown-out Reset Status bit 1 = No Brown-out Reset occurred 0 = A Brown-out Reset occurred (must be set in software after a Power-on Reset or Brown-out Reset occurs) TABLE 6-5: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH RESETS Bit 7 BORCON SBOREN Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page -- -- -- -- -- -- BORRDY 64 PCON0 STKOVF STKUNF -- RWDT RMCLR RI POR BOR 65 STATUS -- -- -- TO PD Z DC C 24 WDTCON -- -- SWDTEN 109 WDTPS<4:0> Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by Resets. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 65 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.0 OSCILLATOR MODULE 7.1 Overview The oscillator module has a wide variety of clock sources and selection features that allow it to be used in a wide range of applications while maximizing performance and minimizing power consumption. Figure 7-1 illustrates a block diagram of the oscillator module. Clock sources can be supplied from external oscillators, quartz-crystal resonators and ceramic resonators. In addition, the system clock source can be supplied from one of two internal oscillators and PLL circuits, with a choice of speeds selectable via software. Additional clock features include: * Selectable system clock source between external or internal sources via software. * Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM) designed to detect a failure of the external clock source (LP, XT, HS, ECH, ECM, ECL) and switch automatically to the internal oscillator. * Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) ensures stability of crystal oscillator sources. The RSTOSC bits of Configuration Word 1 determine the type of oscillator that will be used when the device is reset, including when it is first powered-up. The internal clock modes, LFINTOSC, HFINTOSC (set at 1 MHz), or HFINTOSC (set at 32 MHz) can be set through the RSTOSC bits. DS40001799C-page 66 If an external clock source is selected, the FEXTOSC bits of Configuration Word 1 must be used in conjunction with the RSTOSC bits to select the External Clock mode. The external oscillator module can be configured in one of the following clock modes by setting the FEXTOSC<2:0> bits of Configuration Word 1: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ECL - External Clock Low-Power mode (100 kHz) ECM - External Clock Medium-Power mode ( 8 MHz) ECH - External Clock High-Power mode ( 32 MHz) LP - 32 kHz Low-Power Crystal mode. XT - Medium Gain Crystal or Ceramic Resonator Oscillator mode (between 100 kHz and 4 MHz) HS - High Gain Crystal or Ceramic Resonator mode (above 4 MHz) The ECH, ECM, and ECL Clock modes rely on an external logic level signal as the device clock source. The LP, XT, and HS Clock modes require an external crystal or resonator to be connected to the device. Each mode is optimized for a different frequency range. The INTOSC internal oscillator block produces low and high-frequency clock sources, designated LFINTOSC and HFINTOSC. (see Internal Oscillator Block, Figure 7-1). 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. CLKIN/ OSC1 Rev. 10-000208L 3/13/2017 External Oscillator (EXTOSC) CLKOUT/ OSC2 CDIV<4:0> 4x PLL Mode SOSCIN/SOSCI Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) SOSCO LFINTOSC PLL Block 2x PLL Mode 512 1001 111 256 1000 001 128 0111 64 0110 000 011 100 110 010 101 HFINTOSC Sleep System Clock 32 0101 16 0100 8 0011 4 0010 Sleep 2 0001 Idle 1 0000 SYSCMD HFFRQ<3:0> 1 - 32 MHz Oscillator FSCM To Peripherals DS40001799C-page 67 To Peripherals To Peripherals Peripheral Clock PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31kHz Oscillator COSC<2:0> 9-bit Postscaler Divider 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. SIMPLIFIED PIC(R) MCU CLOCK SOURCE BLOCK DIAGRAM FIGURE 7-1: PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.2 7.2.1.1 Clock Source Types Clock sources can be classified as external or internal. External clock sources rely on external circuitry for the clock source to function. Examples are: oscillator modules (ECH, ECM, ECL mode), quartz crystal resonators or ceramic resonators (LP, XT and HS modes). There is also a secondary oscillator block which is optimized for a 32.768 kHz external clock source, which can be used as an alternate clock source. There are two internal oscillator blocks: - HFINTOSC - LFINTOSC The HFINTOSC can produce clock frequencies from 1-16 MHz. The LFINTOSC generates a 31 kHz clock frequency. There is a PLL that can be used by the external oscillator. See 7.2.1.4 "4x PLL" for more details. Additionally, there is a PLL that can be used by the HFINTOSC at certain frequencies. See Section 7.2.2.2 "2x PLL" for more details. 7.2.1 An external clock source can be used as the device system clock by performing one of the following actions: * Program the RSTOSC<2:0> bits in the Configuration Words to select an external clock source that will be used as the default system clock upon a device Reset. * Write the NOSC<2:0> and NDIV<3:0> bits in the OSCCON1 register to switch the system clock source. "Clock DS40001799C-page 68 Switching" for The External Clock (EC) mode allows an externally generated logic level signal to be the system clock source. When operating in this mode, an external clock source is connected to the CLKIN input. OSC2/CLKOUT is available for general purpose I/O or CLKOUT. Figure 7-2 shows the pin connections for EC mode. EC mode has three power modes to select from through Configuration Words: * ECH - High power, 32 MHz * ECM - Medium power, 8 MHz * ECL - Low power, 0.1 MHz The Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) is disabled when EC mode is selected. Therefore, there is no delay in operation after a Power-on Reset (POR) or wake-up from Sleep. Because the PIC(R) MCU design is fully static, stopping the external clock input will have the effect of halting the device while leaving all data intact. Upon restarting the external clock, the device will resume operation as if no time had elapsed. FIGURE 7-2: EXTERNAL CLOCK SOURCES See Section 7.3 information. EC Mode EXTERNAL CLOCK (EC) MODE OPERATION OSC1/CLKIN Clock from Ext. System PIC(R) MCU FOSC/4 or I/O(1) Note 1: OSC2/CLKOUT Output depends upon CLKOUTEN bit of the Configuration Words. more 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.2.1.2 LP, XT, HS Modes The LP, XT and HS modes support the use of quartz crystal resonators or ceramic resonators connected to OSC1 and OSC2 (Figure 7-3). The three modes select a low, medium or high gain setting of the internal inverter-amplifier to support various resonator types and speed. LP Oscillator mode selects the lowest gain setting of the internal inverter-amplifier. LP mode current consumption is the least of the three modes. This mode is designed to drive 32.768 kHz tuning-fork type crystals (watch crystals), but can operate up to 100 kHz. Note 1: Quartz crystal characteristics vary according to type, package and manufacturer. The user should consult the manufacturer data sheets for specifications and recommended application. 2: Always verify oscillator performance over the VDD and temperature range that is expected for the application. 3: For oscillator design assistance, reference the following Microchip Application Notes: * AN826, "Crystal Oscillator Basics and Crystal Selection for rfPIC(R) and PIC(R) Devices" (DS00826) * AN849, "Basic PIC(R) Oscillator Design" (DS00849) * AN943, "Practical PIC(R) Oscillator Analysis and Design" (DS00943) * AN949, "Making Your Oscillator Work" (DS00949) XT Oscillator mode selects the intermediate gain setting of the internal inverter-amplifier. XT mode current consumption is the medium of the three modes. This mode is best suited to drive crystals and resonators with a frequency range up to 4 MHz. HS Oscillator mode selects the highest gain setting of the internal inverter-amplifier. HS mode current consumption is the highest of the three modes. This mode is best suited for resonators that require operating frequencies up to 20 MHz. FIGURE 7-4: CERAMIC RESONATOR OPERATION (XT OR HS MODE) Figure 7-3 and Figure 7-4 show typical circuits for quartz crystal and ceramic resonators, respectively. FIGURE 7-3: QUARTZ CRYSTAL OPERATION (LP, XT OR HS MODE) PIC(R) MCU OSC1/CLKIN C1 PIC(R) MCU RP(3) OSC1/CLKIN C1 RF(2) Sleep To Internal Logic Quartz Crystal RF(2) Sleep C2 Ceramic RS(1) Resonator Note 1: C2 To Internal Logic RS(1) OSC2/CLKOUT Note 1: A series resistor (RS) may be required for quartz crystals with low drive level. 2: The value of RF varies with the Oscillator mode selected (typically between 2 M to 10 M. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. OSC2/CLKOUT A series resistor (RS) may be required for ceramic resonators with low drive level. 2: The value of RF varies with the Oscillator mode selected (typically between 2 M to 10 M. 3: An additional parallel feedback resistor (RP) may be required for proper ceramic resonator operation. DS40001799C-page 69 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.2.1.3 Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) If the oscillator module is configured for LP, XT or HS modes, the Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) counts 1024 oscillations from OSC1. This occurs following a Power-on Reset (POR), Brown-out Reset (BOR), or a wake-up from Sleep. The OST ensures that the oscillator circuit, using a quartz crystal resonator or ceramic resonator, has started and is providing a stable system clock to the oscillator module. 7.2.1.4 4x PLL The oscillator module contains a PLL that can be used with external clock sources to provide a system clock source. The input frequency for the PLL must fall within specifications. See the PLL Clock Timing Specifications in Table 35-9. The PLL may be enabled for use by one of two methods: 1. 2. Program the RSTOSC bits in the Configuration Word 1 to enable the EXTOSC with 4x PLL. Write the NOSC<2:0> bits in the OSCCON1 register to enable the EXTOSC with 4x PLL. 7.2.1.5 Secondary Oscillator The secondary oscillator is a separate oscillator block that can be used as an alternate system clock source. The secondary oscillator is optimized for 32.768 kHz, and can be used with an external crystal oscillator connected to the SOSCI and SOSCO device pins, or an external clock source connected to the SOSCIN pin. The secondary oscillator can be selected during run-time using clock switching. Refer to Section 7.3 "Clock Switching" for more information. FIGURE 7-5: Note 1: Quartz crystal characteristics vary according to type, package and manufacturer. The user should consult the manufacturer data sheets for specifications and recommended application. 2: Always verify oscillator performance over the VDD and temperature range that is expected for the application. 3: For oscillator design assistance, reference the following Microchip Application Notes: * AN826, "Crystal Oscillator Basics and Crystal Selection for rfPIC(R) and PIC(R) Devices" (DS00826) * AN849, "Basic PICmicro(R) Oscillator Design" (DS00849) * AN943, "Practical PICmicro(R) Oscillator Analysis and Design" (DS00943) * AN949, "Making Your Oscillator Work" (DS00949) * TB097, "Interfacing a Micro Crystal MS1V-T1K 32.768 kHz Tuning Fork Crystal to a PIC16F690/SS" (DS91097) * AN1288, "Design Practices for Low-Power External Oscillators" (DS01288) QUARTZ CRYSTAL OPERATION (SECONDARY OSCILLATOR) PIC(R) MCU SOSCI C1 To Internal Logic 32.768 kHz Quartz Crystal C2 DS40001799C-page 70 SOSCO 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.2.2 INTERNAL CLOCK SOURCES The device may be configured to use the internal oscillator block as the system clock by performing one of the following actions: * Program the RSTOSC<2:0> bits in Configuration Words to select the INTOSC clock source, which will be used as the default system clock upon a device Reset. * Write the NOSC<2:0> bits in the OSCCON1 register to switch the system clock source to the internal oscillator during run-time. See Section 7.3 "Clock Switching" for more information. The function of the OSC2/CLKOUT pin is determined by the CLKOUTEN bit in Configuration Words. The internal oscillator block has two independent oscillators that can produce two internal system clock sources. 1. 2. The HFINTOSC (High-Frequency Internal Oscillator) is factory calibrated and operates up to 32 MHz. The LFINTOSC (Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator) is factory calibrated and operates at 31 kHz. 7.2.2.1 HFINTOSC The High-Frequency Internal Oscillator (HFINTOSC) is a precision digitally-controlled internal clock source that produces a stable clock up to 32 MHz. The HFINTOSC can be enabled through one of the following methods: * Programming the RSTOSC<2:0> bits in Configuration Word 1 to `110' (1 MHz) or `000' (32 MHz) to set the oscillator upon device Power-up or Reset * Write to the NOSC<2:0> bits of the OSCCON1 register during run-time The HFINTOSC frequency can be selected by setting the HFFRQ<2:0> bits of the OSCFRQ register. The NDIV<3:0> bits of the OSCCON1 register allow for division of the output of the selected clock source by a range between 1:1 and 1:512. 7.2.2.2 2x PLL The oscillator module contains a PLL that can be used with the HFINTOSC clock source to provide a system clock source. The input frequency to the PLL is limited to 8, 12, or 16 MHz, which will yield a system clock source of 16, 24, or 32 MHz, respectively. The PLL may be enabled for use by one of two methods: 1. 2. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Program the RSTOSC bits in the Configuration Word 1 to `000' to enable the HFINTOSC (32 MHz). This setting configures the HFFRQ<2:0> bits to `110' (16 MHz) and activates the 2x PLL. Write `000' the NOSC<2:0> bits in the OSCCON1 register to enable the 2x PLL, and write the correct value into the HFFRQ<3:0> bits of the OSCFRQ register to select the desired system clock frequency. See Register 6-6 for more information. DS40001799C-page 71 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.2.2.3 Internal Oscillator Frequency Adjustment The HFINTOSC and LFINTOSC internal oscillators are both factory-calibrated. The HFINTOSC oscillator can be adjusted in software by writing to the OSCTUNE register (Register 7-3). OSCTUNE does not affect the LFINTOSC frequency. The default value of the OSCTUNE register is 00h. The value is a 6-bit two's complement number. A value of 1Fh will provide an adjustment to the maximum frequency. A value of 20h will provide an adjustment to the minimum frequency. When the OSCTUNE register is modified, the HFINTOSC oscillator frequency will begin shifting to the new frequency. Code execution continues during this shift. There is no indication that the shift has occurred. 7.2.2.4 LFINTOSC The Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator (LFINTOSC) is a factory calibrated 31 kHz internal clock source. The LFINTOSC is the clock source for the Power-up Timer (PWRT), Watchdog Timer (WDT) and Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM). The LFINTOSC can also be used as the system clock, or as a clock or input source to certain peripherals. The LFINTOSC is selected as the clock source through one of the following methods: * Programming the RSTOSC<2:0> bits of Configuration Word 1 to enable LFINTOSC. * Write to the NOSC<2:0> bits of the OSCCON1 register. 7.2.2.5 Oscillator Status and Manual Enable The `ready' status of each oscillator is displayed in the OSCSTAT1 register (Register 7-4). The oscillators can also be manually enabled through the OSCEN register (Register 7-5). Manual enables make it possible to verify the operation of the EXTOSC or SOSC crystal oscillators. This can be achieved by enabling the selected oscillator, then watching the corresponding `ready' state of the oscillator in the OSCSTAT1 register. DS40001799C-page 72 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.3 Clock Switching The system clock source can be switched between external and internal clock sources via software using the New Oscillator Source (NOSC) and New Divider Selection Request (NDIV) bits of the OSCCON1 register. The following clock sources can be selected: * * * * * * External Oscillator (EXTOSC) High-Frequency Internal Oscillator (HFINTOSC) Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator (LFINTOSC) Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) EXTOSC with 4x PLL HFINTOSC with 2x PLL 7.3.1 NEW OSCILLATOR SOURCE (NOSC) AND NEW DIVIDER SELECTION REQUEST (NDIV) BITS The New Oscillator Source (NOSC) and New Divider Selection Request (NDIV) bits of the OSCCON1 register select the system clock source and frequencies that are used for the CPU and peripherals. When the new values of NOSC<2:0> and NDIV<3:0> are written to OSCCON1, the current oscillator selection will continue to operate as the system clock while waiting for the new source to indicate that it is stable and ready. In some cases, the newly requested source may already be in use, and is ready immediately. In the case of a divider-only change, the new and old sources are the same and are ready immediately. The device may enter Sleep while waiting for the switch as described in Section 7.3.3 "Clock Switch and Sleep". When the new oscillator is ready, the New Oscillator is Ready (NOSCR) bit of OSCCON3 and the Clock Switch Interrupt Flag (CSWIF) bit of PIR3 become set (CSWIF = 1). If Clock Switch Interrupts are enabled (CSWIE = 1), an interrupt will be generated at that time. The Oscillator Ready (ORDY) bit of OSCCON3 can also be polled to determine when the oscillator is ready in lieu of an interrupt. If the Clock Switch Hold (CSWHOLD) bit of OSCCON3 is clear, the oscillator switch will occur when the New Oscillator Ready bit (NOSCR) is set and the interrupt (if enabled) will be serviced at the new oscillator setting. If CSWHOLD is set, the oscillator switch is suspended, while execution continues using the current (old) clock source. When the NOSCR bit is set, software should: * set CSWHOLD = 0 so the switch can complete, or * copy COSC into NOSC<2:0> to abandon the switch. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. If DOZE is in effect, the switch occurs on the next clock cycle, whether or not the CPU is operating during that cycle. Changing the clock post-divider without changing the clock source (i.e., changing FOSC from 1 MHz to 2 MHz) is handled in the same manner as a clock source change, as described previously. The clock source will already be active, so the switch is relatively quick. CSWHOLD must be clear (CSWHOLD = 0) for the switch to complete. The current COSC and CDIV are indicated in the OSCCON2 register up to the moment when the switch actually occurs, at which time OSCCON2 is updated and ORDY is set. NOSCR is cleared by hardware to indicate that the switch is complete. 7.3.2 PLL INPUT SWITCH Switching between the PLL and any non-PLL source is managed as described above. The input to the PLL is established when NOSC<2:0> selects the PLL, and maintained by the COSC setting. When NOSC<2:0> and COSC select the PLL with different input sources, the system continues to run using the COSC setting, and the new source is enabled per NOSC<2:0>. When the new oscillator is ready (and CSWHOLD = 0), system operation is suspended while the PLL input is switched and the PLL acquires lock. 7.3.3 CLOCK SWITCH AND SLEEP If OSCCON1 is written with a new value and the device is put to Sleep before the switch completes, the switch will not take place and the device will enter Sleep mode. When the device wakes from Sleep and the CSWHOLD bit is clear, the device will wake with the `new' clock active, and the Clock Switch Interrupt Flag bit (CSWIF) will be set. When the device wakes from Sleep and the CSWHOLD bit is set, the device will wake with the `old' clock active and the new clock will be requested again. DS40001799C-page 73 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 7-6: CLOCK SWITCH (CSWHOLD = 0) OSCCON1 WRITTEN OSC #2 OSC #1 ORDY Note 2 NOSCR Note 1 CSWIF CSWHOLD USER CLEAR Note 1: CSWIF is asserted coincident with NOSCR; interrupt is serviced at OSC#2 speed. 2: The assertion of NOSCR is hidden from the user because it appears only for the duration of the switch. FIGURE 7-7: CLOCK SWITCH (CSWHOLD = 1) OSCCON1 WRITTEN OSC #1 OSC #2 ORDY NOSCR CSWIF CSWHOLD Note 1 USER CLEAR Note 1: CSWIF is asserted coincident with NOSCR, and may be cleared before or after clearing CSWHOLD = 0. DS40001799C-page 74 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 7-8: CLOCK SWITCH ABANDONED OSCCON1 WRITTEN OSCCON1 WRITTEN OSC #1 ORDY Note 2 NOSCR CSWIF Note 1 CSWHOLD Note 1: CSWIF may be cleared before or after rewriting OSCCON1; CSWIF is not automatically cleared. 2: ORDY = 0 if OSCCON1 does not match OSCCON2; a new switch will begin. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 75 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.4 7.4.2 Fail-Safe Clock Monitor The Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM) allows the device to continue operating should the external oscillator fail. The FSCM is enabled by setting the FCMEN bit in the Configuration Words. The FSCM is applicable to all external Oscillator modes (LP, XT, HS, ECL, ECM, ECH, and Secondary Oscillator). FIGURE 7-9: FSCM BLOCK DIAGRAM Clock Monitor Latch External Clock S Q When the external clock fails, the FSCM switches the device clock to the HFINTOSC at 1 MHz clock frequency and sets the bit flag OSFIF of the PIR3 register. Setting this flag will generate an interrupt if the OSFIE bit of the PIE3 register is also set. The device firmware can then take steps to mitigate the problems that may arise from a failed clock. The system clock will continue to be sourced from the internal clock source until the device firmware successfully restarts the external oscillator and switches back to external operation, by writing to the NOSC<2:0> and NDIV<3:0>bits of the OSCCON1 register. 7.4.3 LFINTOSC Oscillator / 64 31 kHz (~32 s) 488 Hz (~2 ms) R Q Sample Clock 7.4.1 Clock Failure Detected FAIL-SAFE DETECTION The FSCM module detects a failed oscillator by comparing the external oscillator to the FSCM sample clock. The sample clock is generated by dividing the LFINTOSC by 64. See Figure 7-9. Inside the fail detector block is a latch. The external clock sets the latch on each falling edge of the external clock. The sample clock clears the latch on each rising edge of the sample clock. A failure is detected when an entire half-cycle of the sample clock elapses before the external clock goes low. DS40001799C-page 76 FAIL-SAFE OPERATION FAIL-SAFE CONDITION CLEARING The Fail-Safe condition is cleared after a Reset, executing a SLEEP instruction or changing the NOSC<2:0> and NDIV<3:0> bits of the OSCCON1 register. When switching to the external oscillator or external oscillator with PLL, the OST is restarted. While the OST is running, the device continues to operate from the INTOSC selected in OSCCON1. When the OST times out, the Fail-Safe condition is cleared after successfully switching to the external clock source. The OSFIF bit should be cleared prior to switching to the external clock source. If the Fail-Safe condition still exists, the OSFIF flag will again be set by hardware. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.4.4 RESET OR WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP The FSCM is designed to detect an oscillator failure after the Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) has expired. The OST is used after waking up from Sleep and after any type of Reset. The OST is not used with the EC Clock modes so that the external clock signal can be stopped if required. Therefore, the device will always be executing code while the OST is operating when using one of the EC modes. FIGURE 7-10: FSCM TIMING DIAGRAM Sample Clock Oscillator Failure System Clock Output Clock Monitor Output (Q) Failure Detected OSCFIF Test Note: Test Test The system clock is normally at a much higher frequency than the sample clock. The relative frequencies in this example have been chosen for clarity. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 77 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 7.5 Register Definitions: Oscillator Control REGISTER 7-1: OSCCON1: OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-f/f(1) U-0 R/W-f/f(1) R/W-f/f(1) R/W-q/q(4) NOSC<2:0>(2,3) -- R/W-q/q(4) R/W-q/q(4) R/W-q/q(4) NDIV<3:0>(2,3) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared f = determined by fuse setting q = Reset value is determined by hardware bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6-4 NOSC<2:0>: New Oscillator Source Request bits The setting requests a source oscillator and PLL combination per Table 7-1. POR value = RSTOSC (Register 5.2). bit 3-0 NDIV<3:0>: New Divider Selection Request bits The setting determines the new postscaler division ratio per Table 7-2. Note 1: 2: 3: 4: The default value (f/f) is set equal to the RSTOSC Configuration bits. If NOSC is written with a reserved value (Table 7-1), the HFINTOSC will be automatically selected as the clock source. When CSWEN = 0, this register is read-only and cannot be changed from the POR value. When RSTOSC = 110 (HFINTOSC 1 MHz) the NDIV bits will default to '0010' upon Reset; for all other NOSC settings the NVID bits will default to '0000' upon Reset. REGISTER 7-2: OSCCON2: OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER 2 R-q/q(1) U-0 -- R-q/q(1) R-q/q(1) R-q/q(1) COSC<2:0> R-q/q(1) R-q/q(1) R-q/q(1) CDIV<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared f = determined by fuse setting q = Reset value is determined by hardware bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6-4 COSC<2:0>: Current Oscillator Source Select bits (read-only) Indicates the current source oscillator and PLL combination per Table 7-1. bit 3-0 CDIV<3:0>: Current Divider Select bits (read-only) Indicates the current postscaler division ratio per Table 7-2. Note 1: The Reset value (q/q) will match the NOSC<2:0>/NDIV<3:0> bits. DS40001799C-page 78 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 7-1: NOSC/COSC BIT SETTINGS TABLE 7-2: NDIV/CDIV BIT SETTINGS NOSC<2:0> COSC<2:0> Clock Source NDIV<3:0> CDIV<3:0> Clock Divider 111 EXTOSC(1) 1111-1010 Reserved 110 HFINTOSC (1 MHz) 1001 512 101 Reserved 1000 256 100 LFINTOSC 0111 128 011 SOSC 0110 64 010 Reserved 0101 32 001 EXTOSC with 4xPLL(1) 0100 16 000 HFINTOSC with 2x PLL (32 MHz) 0011 8 0010 4 0001 2 0000 1 Note 1: EXTOSC configured by the FEXTOSC bits of Configuration Word 1 (Register 5-1). REGISTER 7-3: OSCCON3: OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER 3 R/W/HC-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R-0/0 R-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 CSWHOLD SOSCPWR SOSCBE ORDY NOSCR -- -- -- bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Reset value is determined by hardware f = determined by fuse setting HC = Hardware clear bit 7 CSWHOLD: Clock Switch Hold bit 1 = Clock switch will hold (with interrupt) when the oscillator selected by NOSC is ready 0 = Clock switch may proceed when the oscillator selected by NOSC is ready; if this bit is set at the time that NOSCR becomes `1', the switch and interrupt will occur. bit 6 SOSCPWR: Secondary Oscillator Power Mode Select bit If SOSCBE = 0 1 = Secondary oscillator operating in High-Power mode 0 = Secondary oscillator operating in Low-Power mode If SOSCBE = 1 x = Bit is ignored bit 5 SOSCBE: Secondary Oscillator Bypass Enable bit 1 = Secondary oscillator SOSCI is configured as an external clock input (ST-buffer); SOSCO is not used. 0 = Secondary oscillator is configured as a crystal oscillator using SOSCO and SOSCI pins. bit 4 ORDY: Oscillator Ready bit (read-only) 1 = OSCCON1 = OSCCON2; the current system clock is the clock specified by NOSC 0 = A clock switch is in progress bit 3 NOSCR: New Oscillator is Ready bit (read-only) 1 = A clock switch is in progress and the oscillator selected by NOSC indicates a Ready condition 0 = A clock switch is not in progress, or the NOSC-selected oscillator is not yet ready bit 2-0 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 79 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 7-4: OSCSTAT1: OSCILLATOR STATUS REGISTER 1 R-q/q R-q/q U-0 R-q/q R-q/q R-q/q U-0 R-q/q EXTOR HFOR -- LFOR SOR ADOR -- PLLR bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Reset value is determined by hardware bit 7 EXTOR: EXTOSC (external) Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used. bit 6 HFOR: HFINTOSC Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used. bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4 LFOR: LFINTOSC Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used. bit 3 SOR: Secondary Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used. bit 2 ADOR: ADCRC Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 PLLR: PLL is ready 1 = The PLL is ready to be used 0 = The PLL is not enabled, the required input source is not ready, or the PLL is not ready. DS40001799C-page 80 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 7-5: OSCEN: OSCILLATOR MANUAL ENABLE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 EXTOEN HFOEN -- LFOEN SOSCEN ADOEN -- -- bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 EXTOEN: External Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = EXTOSC is explicitly enabled, operating as specified by FEXTOSC 0 = EXTOSC could be enabled by another module bit 6 HFOEN: HFINTOSC Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = HFINTOSC is explicitly enabled, operating as specified by OSCFRQ (Register 7-6) 0 = HFINTOSC could be enabled by another module bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4 LFOEN: LFINTOSC (31 kHz) Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = LFINTOSC is explicitly enabled 0 = LFINTOSC could be enabled by another module bit 3 SOSCEN: Secondary Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = Secondary Oscillator is explicitly enabled 0 = Secondary Oscillator could be enabled by another module bit 2 ADOEN: ADOSC (600 kHz) Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = ADOSC is explicitly enabled 0 = ADOSC could be enabled by another module bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 Unimplemented: Read as `0' 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 81 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 7-6: OSCFRQ: HFINTOSC FREQUENCY SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 HFFRQ<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 3-0 HFFRQ<3:0>: HFINTOSC Frequency Selection bits DS40001799C-page 82 HFFRQ<3:0> Nominal Freq. (MHz) (NOSC = 110) 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1xxx 1 2 Reserved 4 8 12 16 32 32 2xPLL Freq. (MHz) (NOSC = 000) Reserved 16 24 32 Reserved 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 7-7: OSCTUNE: HFINTOSC TUNING REGISTER U-0 U-0 -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 HFTUN<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared f = determined by fuse setting q = Reset value is determined by hardware bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 5-0 HFTUN<5:0>: HFINTOSC Frequency Tuning bits 01 1111 = Maximum frequency 01 1110 * * * 00 0001 00 0000 = Center frequency. Oscillator module is running at the calibrated frequency (default value). 11 1111 * * * 10 0000 = Minimum frequency. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 83 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 7-3: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLOCK SOURCES Bit 7 OSCCON1 -- NOSC<2:0> NDIV<3:0> 78 OSCCON2 -- COSC<2:0> CDIV<3:0> 78 OSCCON3 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 CWSHOLD SOSCPWR SOSCBE OSCSTAT1 EXTOR HFOR EXTOEN HFOEN -- OSCFRQ -- -- -- OSCTUNE -- -- OSCEN -- Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page Name ORDY NOSCR -- -- -- 79 LFOR SOR ADOR -- PLLR 80 ADOEN -- -- LFOEN SOSCEN HFFRQ<3:0> -- 81 82 HFTUN<5:0> 83 Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by clock sources. TABLE 7-4: Name CONFIG1 Legend: SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION WORD WITH CLOCK SOURCES Bits Bit -/7 13:8 -- 7:0 -- Bit -/6 Bit 13/5 Bit 12/4 Bit 11/3 Bit 10/2 Bit 9/1 Bit 8/0 -- FCMEN -- CSWEN -- -- CLKOUTEN RSTOSC2 RSTOSC1 RSTOSC0 -- FEXTOSC2 FEXTOSC1 FEXTOSC0 Register on Page 52 -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by clock sources. DS40001799C-page 84 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 8.0 INTERRUPTS The interrupt feature allows certain events to preempt normal program flow. Firmware is used to determine the source of the interrupt and act accordingly. Some interrupts can be configured to wake the MCU from Sleep mode. Many peripherals produce interrupts. Refer to the corresponding chapters for details. A block diagram of the interrupt logic is shown in Figure 8-1. FIGURE 8-1: INTERRUPT LOGIC TMR0IF TMR0IE Peripheral Interrupts (TMR1IF) PIR1<0> (TMR1IE) PIE1<0> Wake-up (If in Sleep mode) INTF INTE IOCIF IOCIE Interrupt to CPU PEIE PIRn<7> PIEn<7> 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. GIE DS40001799C-page 85 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 8.1 Operation Interrupts are disabled upon any device Reset. They are enabled by setting the following bits: * GIE bit of the INTCON register * Interrupt Enable bit(s) (PIEx bits) for the specific interrupt event(s) * PEIE bit of the INTCON register 8.2 Interrupt Latency Interrupt latency is defined as the time from when the interrupt event occurs to the time code execution at the interrupt vector begins. The interrupt is sampled during Q1 of the instruction cycle. The actual interrupt latency then depends on the instruction that is executing at the time the interrupt is detected. See Figure 8-2 and Figure 8-3 for more details. The PIR1, PIR2, PIR3 and PIR4 registers record individual interrupts via interrupt flag bits. Interrupt flag bits will be set, regardless of the status of the GIE, PEIE and individual interrupt enable bits. The following events happen when an interrupt event occurs while the GIE bit is set: * Current prefetched instruction is flushed * GIE bit is cleared * Current Program Counter (PC) is pushed onto the stack * Critical registers are automatically saved to the shadow registers (See "Section 8.5 "Automatic Context Saving") * PC is loaded with the interrupt vector 0004h The firmware within the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) should determine the source of the interrupt by polling the interrupt flag bits. The interrupt flag bits must be cleared before exiting the ISR to avoid repeated interrupts. Because the GIE bit is cleared, any interrupt that occurs while executing the ISR will be recorded through its interrupt flag, but will not cause the processor to redirect to the interrupt vector. The RETFIE instruction exits the ISR by popping the previous address from the stack, restoring the saved context from the shadow registers and setting the GIE bit. For additional information on a specific interrupt's operation, refer to its peripheral chapter. Note 1: Individual interrupt flag bits are set, regardless of the state of any other enable bits. 2: All interrupts will be ignored while the GIE bit is cleared. Any interrupt occurring while the GIE bit is clear will be serviced when the GIE bit is set again. DS40001799C-page 86 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 8-2: INTERRUPT LATENCY Rev. 10-000269E 8/31/2016 OSC1 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 CLKOUT INT pin Valid Interrupt window(1) Fetch PC - 1 Execute PC - 2 1 Cycle Instruction at PC PC = 0x0004 PC + 1 PC PC - 1 123 PC Indeterminate Latency(2) 123 PC = 0x0005 PC = 0x0006 PC = 0x0004 PC = 0x0005 Latency Note 1: An interrupt may occur at any time during the interrupt window. 2: Since an interrupt may occur any time during the interrupt window, the actual latency can vary. FIGURE 8-3: INT PIN INTERRUPT TIMING Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 OSC1 CLKOUT (3) (4) INT pin (1) (1) INTF Interrupt Latency (2) (5) GIE INSTRUCTION FLOW PC Instruction Fetched Instruction Executed Note 1: PC Inst (PC) Inst (PC - 1) PC + 1 Inst (PC + 1) Inst (PC) PC + 1 -- Forced NOP 0004h Inst (0004h) Forced NOP 0005h Inst (0005h) Inst (0004h) INTF flag is sampled here (every Q1). 2: Asynchronous interrupt latency = 3-5 TCY. Synchronous latency = 3-4 TCY, where TCY = instruction cycle time. Latency is the same whether Inst (PC) is a single cycle or a 2-cycle instruction. 3: CLKOUT not available in all oscillator modes. 4: For minimum width of INT pulse, refer to AC specifications in Section 35.0 "Electrical Specifications"". 5: INTF is enabled to be set any time during the Q4-Q1 cycles. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 87 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 8.3 Interrupts During Sleep All interrupts can be used to wake from Sleep. To wake from Sleep, the peripheral must be able to operate without the system clock. The interrupt source must have the appropriate Interrupt Enable bit(s) set prior to entering Sleep. On waking from Sleep, if the GIE bit is also set, the processor will branch to the interrupt vector. Otherwise, the processor will continue executing instructions after the SLEEP instruction. The instruction directly after the SLEEP instruction will always be executed before branching to the ISR. Refer to Section 9.0 "Power-Saving Operation Modes" for more details. 8.4 INT Pin The INT pin can be used to generate an asynchronous edge-triggered interrupt. This interrupt is enabled by setting the INTE bit of the PIE0 register. The INTEDG bit of the INTCON register determines on which edge the interrupt will occur. When the INTEDG bit is set, the rising edge will cause the interrupt. When the INTEDG bit is clear, the falling edge will cause the interrupt. The INTF bit of the PIR0 register will be set when a valid edge appears on the INT pin. If the GIE and INTE bits are also set, the processor will redirect program execution to the interrupt vector. 8.5 Automatic Context Saving Upon entering an interrupt, the return PC address is saved on the stack. Additionally, the following registers are automatically saved in the shadow registers: * * * * * W register STATUS register (except for TO and PD) BSR register FSR registers PCLATH register Upon exiting the Interrupt Service Routine, these registers are automatically restored. Any modifications to these registers during the ISR will be lost. If modifications to any of these registers are desired, the corresponding shadow register should be modified and the value will be restored when exiting the ISR. The shadow registers are available in Bank 31 and are readable and writable. Depending on the user's application, other registers may also need to be saved. DS40001799C-page 88 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 8.6 Register Definitions: Interrupt Control REGISTER 8-1: INTCON: INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER R/W/HS/HC-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R-1/1 GIE PEIE -- -- -- -- -- INTEDG bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS = hardware set HC = Hardware clear bit 7 GIE: Global Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables all active interrupts 0 = Disables all interrupts bit 6 PEIE: Peripheral Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables all active peripheral interrupts 0 = Disables all peripheral interrupts bit 5-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 0 INTEDG: Interrupt Edge Select bit 1 = Interrupt on rising edge of INT pin 0 = Interrupt on falling edge of INT pin Note: Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 89 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-2: PIE0: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 -- -- TMR0IE IOCIE -- -- -- INTE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 5 TMR0IE: TMR0 Overflow Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the TMR0 interrupt 0 = Disables the TMR0 interrupt bit 4 IOCIE: Interrupt-on-Change Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the IOC change interrupt 0 = Disables the IOC change interrupt bit 3-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 0 INTE: INT External Interrupt Flag bit(1) 1 = Enables the INT external interrupt 0 = Disables the INT external interrupt Note 1: Note: The external interrupt INT pin is selected by INTPPS (Register 13-1). Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. DS40001799C-page 90 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-3: PIE1: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 TMR1GIE: Timer1 Gate Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Timer1 gate acquisition interrupt 0 = Disables the Timer1 gate acquisition interrupt bit 6 ADIE: Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the ADC interrupt 0 = Disables the ADC interrupt bit 5 RCIE: EUSART Receive Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the EUSART receive interrupt 0 = Disables the EUSART receive interrupt bit 4 TXIE: EUSART Transmit Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the EUSART transmit interrupt 0 = Disables the EUSART transmit interrupt bit 3 SSP1IE: Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the MSSP interrupt 0 = Disables the MSSP interrupt bit 2 BCL1IE: MSSP1 Bus Collision Interrupt Enable bit 1 = MSSP bus collision interrupt enabled 0 = MSSP bus collision interrupt not enabled bit 1 TMR2IE: TMR2 to PR2 Match Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Timer2 to PR2 match interrupt 0 = Disables the Timer2 to PR2 match interrupt bit 0 TMR1IE: Timer1 Overflow Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Timer1 overflow interrupt 0 = Disables the Timer1 overflow interrupt Note: Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 91 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-4: PIE2: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 2 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 -- C2IE(1) C1IE NVMIE -- -- -- NCO1IE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 6 C2IE: Comparator C2 Interrupt Enable bit(1) 1 = Enables the Comparator C2 interrupt 0 = Disables the Comparator C2 interrupt bit 5 C1IE: Comparator C1 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Comparator C1 interrupt 0 = Disables the Comparator C1 interrupt bit 4 NVMIE: NVM Interrupt Enable Bit 1 = NVM task complete interrupt enabled 0 = NVM interrupt not enabled bit 3-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 0 NCO1IE: NCO Interrupt Enable bit 1 = NCO rollover interrupt enabled 0 = NCO rollover interrupt not enabled Note 1: Note: Comparator C2 not available on PIC16(L)F18313 devices. Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. DS40001799C-page 92 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-5: PIE3: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 3 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 OSFIE CSWIE -- -- -- -- CLC2IE CLC1IE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 OSFIE: Oscillator Fail Interrupt Enable bit. 1 = Enables the Oscillator Fail interrupt 0 = Disables the Oscillator Fail interrupt bit 6 CSWIE: Clock Switch Complete Interrupt Enable bit 1 = The clock switch module interrupt is enabled 0 = The clock switch module interrupt is not enabled bit 5-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 1 CLC2IE: CLC2 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CLC2 interrupt enabled 0 = CLC2 interrupt disabled bit 0 CLC1IE: CLC1 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CLC1 interrupt enabled 0 = CLC1 interrupt disabled Note: Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 93 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-6: PIE4: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 4 U-0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- CWG1IE -- -- -- -- CCP2IE CCP1IE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 6 CWG1IE: CWG 1 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CWG1 interrupt enabled 0 = CWG1 interrupt not enabled bit 5-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 1 CCP2IE: CCP2 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CCP2 interrupt is enabled 0 = CCP2 interrupt is not enabled bit 0 CCP1IE: CCP1 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CCP1 interrupt is enabled 0 = CCP1 interrupt is not enabled Note: Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. DS40001799C-page 94 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-7: U-0 PIR0: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 0 U-0 -- -- R/W/HS-0/0 TMR0IF R-0 (1) IOCIF U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 -- -- -- INTF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS= Hardware Set bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5 TMR0IF: TMR0 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR0 register has overflowed (must be cleared in software) 0 = TMR0 register did not overflow bit 4 IOCIF: Interrupt-on-Change Interrupt Flag bit (read-only) 1 = An enabled edge was detected by the IOC module. One of the IOCF bits is set. 0 = No enabled edge is was detected by the IOC module. None of the IOCF bits is set. Pins are individually masked via IOCxP and IOCxN. bit 3-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 INTF: INT External Interrupt Flag bit(1) 1 = The INT external interrupt occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = The INT external interrupt did not occur Note 1: Note: The IOCIF bit is the logical OR of all the IOCAF-IOCCF flags. Therefore, to clear the IOCIF flag, application firmware must clear all of the IOCAF-IOCCF register bits. Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 95 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-8: PIR1: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 1 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R-0 R-0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 TMR1GIF: Timer1 Gate Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The Timer1 gate has gone inactive (the gate is closed). 0 = The Timer1 gate has not gone inactive. bit 6 ADIF: Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The A/D conversion completed 0 = The A/D conversion is not completed bit 5 RCIF: EUSART Receive Interrupt Flag bit (read-only) 1 = The EUSART1 receive buffer is not empty 0 = The EUSART1 receive buffer is empty bit 4 TXIF: EUSART Transmit Interrupt Flag bit (read-only) 1 = The EUSART1 transmit buffer is empty 0 = The EUSART1 transmit buffer is not empty bit 3 SSP1IF: Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The Transmission/Reception/Bus Condition is complete (must be cleared in software) 0 = Waiting for the Transmission/Reception/Bus Condition in progress bit 2 BCL1IF: MSSP Bus Collision Interrupt Flag bit 1 = A bus collision was detected (must be cleared in software) 0 = No bus collision was detected bit 1 TMR2IF: Timer2 to PR2 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR2 to PR2 match occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = No TMR2 to PR2 match occurred bit 0 TMR1IF: Timer1 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR1 overflow occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = No TMR1 overflow occurred Note: Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. DS40001799C-page 96 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-9: U-0 PIR2: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 2 R/W/HS-0/0 -- C2IF (1) R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 C1IF NVMIF U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 -- -- -- NCO1IF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6 C2IF: Comparator C2 Interrupt Flag bit(1) 1 = Comparator 2 interrupt asserted 0 = Comparator 2 interrupt not asserted bit 5 C1IF: Comparator C1 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = Comparator 1 interrupt asserted 0 = Comparator 1 interrupt not asserted bit 4 NVMIF: NVM Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The NVM has completed a programming task 0 = NVM interrupt not asserted bit 3-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 NCO1IF: NCO Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The NCO has rolled over. 0 = No NCO interrupt is asserted. Note 1: Note: Comparator C2 not available on PIC16(L)F18313 devices. Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 97 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-10: PIR3: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 3 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 OSFIF CSWIF -- -- -- -- CLC2IF CLC1IF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 OSFIF: Oscillator Fail-Safe Interrupt Flag bit 1 = Fail-Safe Clock Monitor module has detected a failed oscillator 0 = External oscillator operating normally. bit 6 CSWIF: Clock Switch Complete Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The clock switch module has completed the clock switch; new oscillator is ready 0 = The clock switch module has not completed clock switch. bit 5-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1 CLC2IF: CLC2 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The CLC2OUT interrupt condition has been met 0 = No CLC2 interrupt bit 0 CLC1IF: CLC1 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The CLC1OUT interrupt condition has been met 0 = No CLC1 interrupt Note: Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. DS40001799C-page 98 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 8-11: PIR4: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 4 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 -- CWG1IF -- -- -- -- CCP2IF CCP1IF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6 CWG1IF: CWG1 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = CWG1 has gone into shutdown 0 = CWG1 is operating normally, or interrupt cleared bit 5-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1 CCP2IF: CCP2 Interrupt Flag bit CCPM Mode Value Capture 1 0 bit 0 Compare Capture occurred Compare match occurred (must be cleared in software) (must be cleared in software) Compare match did not Capture did not occur occur PWM Output trailing edge occurred (must be cleared in software) Output trailing edge did not occur CCP1IF: CCP1 Interrupt Flag bit CCPM Mode Value Capture 1 0 Note: Compare Capture occurred Compare match occurred (must be cleared in software) (must be cleared in software) Compare match did not Capture did not occur occur PWM Output trailing edge occurred (must be cleared in software) Output trailing edge did not occur Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 99 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 8-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERRUPTS Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page INTCON GIE PEIE -- -- -- -- -- INTEDG 89 PIE0 -- -- TMR0IE IOCIE -- -- -- INTE 90 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 91 C1IE NVMIE -- -- -- NCO1IE 92 -- -- -- CLC2IE CLC1IE 93 PIE2 -- (1) C2IE PIE3 OSFIE CSWIE -- PIE4 -- CWG1IE -- -- -- -- CCP2IE CCP1IE 94 PIR0 -- -- TMR0IF IOCIF -- -- -- INTF 95 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 96 PIR2 -- C2IF(1) C1IF NVMIF -- -- -- NCO1IF 97 PIR3 OSFIF CSWIF -- -- -- -- CLC2IF CLC1IF 98 PIR4 -- CWG1IF -- -- -- -- CCP2IF CCP1IF 99 Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by interrupts. Note 1: Comparator C2 not available on PIC16(L)F18313 devices. DS40001799C-page 100 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 9.0 9.1.1 POWER-SAVING OPERATION MODES The Doze operation is illustrated in Figure 9-1. For this example: The purpose of the Power-Down modes is to reduce power consumption. There are three Power-Down modes: DOZE mode, IDLE mode, and Sleep mode. 9.1 * Doze enable (DOZEN) bit set (DOZEN = 1) * DOZE<2:0> = 001 (1:4) ratio * Recover-on-Interrupt (ROI) bit set (ROI = 1) As with normal operation, the program memory fetches for the next instruction cycle. The instruction clocks to the peripherals continue throughout. DOZE Mode Doze mode allows for power savings by reducing CPU operation and program memory access, without affecting peripheral operation. Doze mode differs from Sleep mode because the system oscillators continue to operate, while only the CPU and program memory are affected. The reduced execution saves power by eliminating unnecessary operations within the CPU and memory. 9.1.2 INTERRUPTS DURING DOZE If an interrupt occurs and the Recover-on-Interrupt (ROI) bit is clear (ROI = 0) at the time of the interrupt, the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) continues to execute at the rate selected by DOZE<2:0>. Interrupt latency is extended by the DOZE<2:0> ratio. When the Doze Enable (DOZEN) bit is set (DOZEN = 1), the CPU executes only one instruction cycle out of every N cycles as defined by the DOZE<2:0> bits of the CPUDOZE register. For example, if DOZE<2:0> = 100, the instruction cycle ratio is 1:32. The CPU and memory execute for one instruction cycle and then lay idle for 31 instruction cycles. During the unused cycles, the peripherals continue to operate at the system clock speed. FIGURE 9-1: DOZE OPERATION If an interrupt occurs and the ROI bit is set (ROI = 1) at the time of the interrupt, the DOZEN bit is cleared and the CPU executes at full speed. The prefetched instruction is executed and then the interrupt vector sequence is executed. In Figure 9-1, the interrupt occurs during the 2nd instruction cycle of the Doze period, and immediately brings the CPU out of Doze. If the Doze-on-Exit (DOE) bit is set (DOE = 1) when the RETFIE operation is executed, DOZEN is set, and the CPU executes at the reduced rate based on the DOZE<2:0> ratio. DOZE MODE OPERATION EXAMPLE System Clock 1 1 2 /Z WZ 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 PFM Op's Fetch Fetch Push 0004h Fetch Fetch CPU Op's Exec Exec Exec(1,2) NOP Exec Exec CPU Clock 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Exec Interrupt Here (ROI = 1) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 101 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 9.2 IDLE Mode When the IDLE Enable (IDLEN) bit is clear (IDLEN = 0), the SLEEP instruction will put the device into full Sleep mode (see Section 9.3 "Sleep Mode"). When IDLEN is set (IDLEN = 1), the SLEEP instruction will put the device into IDLE mode. In IDLE mode, the CPU and memory operations are halted, but the peripheral clocks continue to run. This mode is similar to DOZE mode, except that in IDLE both the CPU and program memory are shut off. Note: Note: Peripherals using FOSC will continue running while in IDLE (but not in Sleep). Peripherals using HFINTOSC, LFINTOSC, or SOSC will continue operation in both IDLE and SLEEP. 9.3 Sleep mode is entered by executing the SLEEP instruction, while the Idle Enable (IDLEN) bit of the CPUDOZE register is clear (IDLEN = 0). If the SLEEP instruction is executed while the IDLEN bit is set (IDLEN = 1), the CPU will enter the Idle mode (Section 9.3.3 "Low-Power Sleep Mode"). Upon entering Sleep mode, the following conditions exist: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. If CLKOUT is enabled (CLKOUT = 0, Configuration Word 1), the output will continue operating while in IDLE. 6. 9.2.1 Sleep Mode IDLE AND INTERRUPTS IDLE mode ends when an interrupt occurs (even if GIE = 0), but IDLEN is not changed. The device can re-enter IDLE by executing the SLEEP instruction. Resets other than WDT are not affected by Sleep mode; WDT will be cleared but keeps running if enabled for operation during Sleep. The PD bit of the STATUS register is cleared. The TO bit of the STATUS register is set. The CPU and System clocks are disabled. 31 kHz LFINTOSC, HFINTOSC and SOSC will remain enabled if any peripheral has requested them as a clock source or if the HFOEN, LFOEN, or SOSCEN bits of the OSCEN register are set. ADC is unaffected if the dedicated ADCRC oscillator is selected. When the ADC clock source is something other than ADCRC, a SLEEP instruction causes the present conversion to be aborted and the ADC module is turned off, although the ADON bit remains set. I/O ports maintain the status they had before Sleep was executed (driving high, low, or high-impedance) only if no peripheral connected to the I/O port is active. If Recover-on-Interrupt is enabled (ROI = 1), the interrupt that brings the device out of IDLE also restores full-speed CPU execution when DOZE is also enabled. 7. 9.2.2 Refer to individual chapters for more details on peripheral operation during Sleep. IDLE AND WDT When in IDLE, the WDT Reset is blocked and will instead wake the device. The WDT wake-up is not an interrupt, therefore ROI does not apply. Note: The WDT can bring the device out of IDLE, in the same way it brings the device out of Sleep. The DOZEN bit is not affected. To minimize current consumption, the following conditions should be considered: - I/O pins should not be floating - External circuitry sinking current from I/O pins - Internal circuitry sourcing current from I/O pins - Current draw from pins with internal weak pull-ups - Modules using any oscillator I/O pins that are high-impedance inputs should be pulled to VDD or VSS externally to avoid switching currents caused by floating inputs. Examples of internal circuitry that might be sourcing current include modules such as the DAC and FVR modules. See Section 24.0 "5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module" and Section 16.0 "Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)" for more information on these modules. DS40001799C-page 102 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 9.3.1 WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP The device can wake-up from Sleep through one of the following events: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. External Reset input on MCLR pin, if enabled BOR Reset, if enabled. POR Reset. Watchdog Timer, if enabled Interrupts by peripherals capable of running during Sleep (see individual peripheral for more information). The first three events will cause a device Reset. The last two events are considered a continuation of program execution. To determine whether a device Reset or wake-up event occurred, refer to Section 6.11 "Determining the Cause of a Reset". The WDT is cleared when the device wakes-up from Sleep, regardless of the source of wake-up. 9.3.2 WAKE-UP USING INTERRUPTS When global interrupts are disabled (GIE cleared) and any interrupt source has both its interrupt enable bit and interrupt flag bit set, one of the following will occur: * If the interrupt occurs before the execution of a SLEEP instruction - SLEEP instruction will execute as a NOP - WDT and WDT prescaler will not be cleared - TO bit of the STATUS register will not be set - PD bit of the STATUS register will not be cleared * If the interrupt occurs during or after the execution of a SLEEP instruction - SLEEP instruction will be completely executed - Device will immediately wake-up from Sleep - WDT and WDT prescaler will be cleared - TO bit of the STATUS register will be set - PD bit of the STATUS register will be cleared Even if the flag bits were checked before executing a SLEEP instruction, it may be possible for flag bits to become set before the SLEEP instruction completes. To determine whether a SLEEP instruction executed, test the PD bit. If the PD bit is set, the SLEEP instruction was executed as a NOP. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 103 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 9-2: WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP THROUGH INTERRUPT Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 CLKIN(1) TOST(3) CLKOUT(2) Interrupt flag Interrupt Latency (4) GIE bit (INTCON reg.) Instruction Flow PC Instruction Fetched Instruction Executed Note 9.3.3 1: 2: 3: 4: Processor in Sleep PC Inst(PC) = Sleep Inst(PC - 1) PC + 1 PC + 2 PC + 2 Inst(PC + 1) Inst(PC + 2) Sleep Inst(PC + 1) Forced NOP 0004h 0005h Inst(0004h) Inst(0005h) Forced NOP Inst(0004h) External clock. High, Medium, Low mode assumed. CLKOUT is shown here for timing reference. TOST = 1024 TOSC. This delay does not apply to EC and INTOSC Oscillator modes. GIE = 1 assumed. In this case after wake-up, the processor calls the ISR at 0004h. If GIE = 0, execution will continue in-line. LOW-POWER SLEEP MODE The PIC16F18313/18323 device contains an internal Low Dropout (LDO) voltage regulator, which allows the device I/O pins to operate at voltages up to 5.5V while the internal device logic operates at a lower voltage. The LDO and its associated reference circuitry must remain active when the device is in Sleep mode. The PIC16F18313/18323 allows the user to optimize the operating current in Sleep, depending on the application requirements. Low-Power Sleep mode can be selected by setting the VREGPM bit of the VREGCON register. Depending on the configuration of this bit, the LDO and reference circuitry are placed in a low-power state when the device is in Sleep. 9.3.3.2 Sleep Current vs. Wake-up Time In the default operating mode, the LDO and reference circuitry remain in the normal configuration while in Sleep. The device is able to exit Sleep mode quickly since all circuits remain active. In Low-Power Sleep mode, when waking-up from Sleep, an extra delay time is required for these circuits to return to the normal configuration and stabilize. The Low-Power Sleep mode is beneficial for applications that stay in Sleep mode for long periods of time. The Normal mode is beneficial for applications that need to wake from Sleep quickly and frequently. DS40001799C-page 104 Peripheral Usage in Sleep Some peripherals that can operate in Sleep mode will not operate properly with the Low-Power Sleep mode selected. The Low-Power Sleep mode is intended for use with these peripherals: * * * * Brown-out Reset (BOR) Watchdog Timer (WDT) External interrupt pin/Interrupt-on-change pins Timer 1 (with external clock source) It is the responsibility of the end user to determine what is acceptable for their application when setting the VREGPM settings in order to ensure operation in Sleep. Note: 9.3.3.1 PC + 2 The PIC16LF18313/18323 does not have a configurable Low-Power Sleep mode. PIC16LF18313/18323 is an unregulated device and is always in the lowest power state when in Sleep, with no wake-up time penalty. This device has a lower maximum VDD and I/O voltage than the PIC16F18313/18323. See Section 35.0 "Electrical Specifications" for more information. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 9.4 Register Definitions: Voltage Regulator Control VREGCON: VOLTAGE REGULATOR CONTROL REGISTER(1) REGISTER 9-1: U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 -- -- -- -- -- -- VREGPM Reserved bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1 VREGPM: Voltage Regulator Power Mode Selection bit 1 = Low-Power Sleep mode enabled in Sleep(2); Draws lowest current in Sleep, slower wake-up 0 = Normal-Power Sleep mode enabled in Sleep(2); Draws higher current in Sleep, faster wake-up bit 0 Reserved: Read as `1'. Maintain this bit set. Note 1: 2: PIC16F18313/18323 only. See Section 35.0 "Electrical Specifications". REGISTER 9-2: CPUDOZE: DOZE AND IDLE REGISTER R/W-0/u R/W/HC/HS-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 IDLEN DOZEN(1,2) ROI DOE -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DOZE<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 HS = Hardware Set Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HC = Hardware clear bit 7 IDLEN: Idle Enable bit 1 = A SLEEP instruction inhibits the CPU clock, but not the peripheral clock(s) 0 = A SLEEP instruction places the device into Full-Sleep mode bit 6 DOZEN: Doze Enable bit(1,2) 1 = The CPU executes instruction cycles according to DOZE setting. 0 = The CPU executes all instruction cycles (fastest, highest power operation). bit 5 ROI: Recover-on-Interrupt bit 1 = Entering the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) makes DOZEN = 0 bit, bringing the CPU to full-speed operation. 0 = Interrupt entry does not change DOZEN bit 4 DOE: Doze-on-Exit bit 1 = Executing RETFIE makes DOZEN = 1, bringing the CPU to reduced speed operation. 0 = RETFIE does not change DOZEN bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 2-0 DOZE<2:0>: Ratio of CPU Instruction Cycles to Peripheral Instruction Cycles 111 = 1:256 110 = 1:128 101 = 1:64 100 = 1:32 011 = 1:16 010 = 1:8 001 = 1:4 000 = 1:2 Note 1: 2: When ROI = 1 or DOE = 1, DOZEN is changed by hardware interrupt entry and/or exit. Entering ICD overrides DOZEN, returning the CPU to full execution speed; this bit is not affected. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 105 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 9-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH POWER-DOWN MODE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page GIE PEIE -- -- -- -- -- INTEDG 89 PIE0 -- -- TMR0IE IOCIE -- -- -- INTE 90 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE TMR2IE TMR1IE 91 PIE2 -- C2IE(1) C1IE NVMIE -- -- -- NCO1IE 92 PIE3 OSFIE CSWIE -- -- -- -- CLC2IE CLC1IE 93 PIE4 -- CWG1IE -- -- -- -- CCP2IE CCP1IE 94 PIR0 -- -- TMR0IF IOCIF -- -- -- INTF 95 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 96 PIR2 -- C1IF NVMIF -- -- -- NCO1IF 97 PIR3 OSFIF CSWIF -- -- -- -- CLC2IF CLC1IF 98 PIR4 -- CWG1IF -- -- -- -- CCP2IF CCP1IF 99 IOCAP -- -- IOCAP5 IOCAP4 IOCAP3 IOCAP2 IOCAP1 IOCAP0 156 IOCAN -- -- IOCAN5 IOCAN4 IOCAN3 IOCAN2 IOCAN1 IOCAN0 156 IOCAF IOCAF5 IOCAF4 IOCAF3 IOCAF2 IOCAF1 IOCAF0 157 Name INTCON C2IF (1) SSP1IE BCL1IE -- -- (1) -- -- IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 158 (1) -- -- IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCN3 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 158 (1) -- -- IOCCF5 IOCCF4 IOCCF3 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 159 -- -- -- TO PD Z DC C 24 -- -- -- -- -- -- VREGPM -- 105 DOE -- IOCCP IOCCN IOCCF STATUS (2) VREGCON CPUDOZE IDLEN DOZEN WDTCON -- -- Legend: Note 1: 2: ROI WDTPS<4:0> DOZE<2:0> 105 SWDTEN 109 -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used in Power-Down mode. PIC16(L)F18323 only. PIC16F18313/18323 only. DS40001799C-page 106 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 10.0 WATCHDOG TIMER (WDT) The Watchdog Timer is a system timer that generates a Reset if the firmware does not issue a CLRWDT instruction within the time-out period. The Watchdog Timer is typically used to recover the system from unexpected events. The WDT has the following features: * Independent clock source * Multiple operating modes - WDT is always on - WDT is off when in Sleep - WDT is controlled by software - WDT is always off * Configurable time-out period is from 1 ms to 256 seconds (nominal) * Multiple WDT clearing conditions * Operation during Sleep FIGURE 10-1: WATCHDOG TIMER BLOCK DIAGRAM WDTE<1:0> = 01 SWDTEN WDTE<1:0> = 11 LFINTOSC 23-bit Programmable Prescaler WDT WDT Time-out WDTE<1:0> = 10 Sleep 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. WDTPS<4:0> DS40001799C-page 107 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 10.1 Independent Clock Source 10.3 Time-out Period The WDT derives its time base from the 31 kHz LFINTOSC internal oscillator. Time intervals in this chapter are based on a nominal interval of 1 ms. See Table 35-8 for the LFINTOSC specification. The WDTPS<4:0> bits of the WDTCON register set the time-out period from 1 ms to 256 seconds (nominal). After a Reset, the default time-out period is two seconds. 10.2 10.4 WDT Operating Modes The Watchdog Timer module has four operating modes controlled by the WDTE<1:0> bits in Configuration Words. See Table 10-1. 10.2.1 WDT IS ALWAYS ON When the WDTE bits of Configuration Words are set to `11', the WDT is always on. WDT protection is active during Sleep. 10.2.2 WDT IS OFF IN SLEEP Clearing the WDT The WDT is cleared when any of the following conditions occur: * * * * * * * Any Reset CLRWDT instruction is executed Device enters Sleep Device wakes up from Sleep due to an interrupt Oscillator fail WDT is disabled Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) is running When the WDTE bits of Configuration Words are set to `10', the WDT is on, except in Sleep. See Table 10-2 for more information. WDT protection is not active during Sleep. 10.5 10.2.3 WDT CONTROLLED BY SOFTWARE When the WDTE bits of Configuration Words are set to `01', the WDT is controlled by the SWDTEN bit of the WDTCON register. Operation During Sleep When the device enters Sleep, the WDT is cleared. If the WDT is enabled during Sleep, the WDT resumes counting. See When the device exits Sleep, the WDT is cleared again. The WDT remains clear until the OST, if enabled, completes. See Section 7.0 "Oscillator Module" for more information on the OST. When the WDTE bits are set to '00', the WDT is disabled, and the SWDTEN bit of the WDTCON is ignored. When a WDT time-out occurs while the device is in Sleep, no Reset is generated. Instead, the device wakes up and resumes operation. The TO and PD bits in the STATUS register are changed to indicate the event. See STATUS Register (Register 4-1) for more information. WDT protection is unchanged Table 10-1 for more details. 10.2.4 by Sleep. WDT IS ALWAYS OFF TABLE 10-1: WDT OPERATING MODES WDTE<1:0> SWDTEN 11 X X 10 1 01 Device Mode X X TABLE 10-2: Active Awake Active Sleep Disabled X 0 00 WDT Mode X Active Disabled Disabled WDT CLEARING CONDITIONS Conditions WDTE = 00 WDTE = 01 and SWDTEN = 0 Exit Sleep due to a Reset + System Clock = XT, HS, LP Exit Sleep due to a Reset + System Clock = HFINTOSC, LFINTOSC, EC, SOSC WDT Cleared and Disabled Cleared until the end of OST Exit Sleep due to an interrupt Enter Sleep CLRWDT Command Cleared Oscillator Failure (see Section 7.4 "Fail-Safe Clock Monitor") System Reset Any clock switch or divider change (see Section 7.3 "Clock Switching") DS40001799C-page 108 Unaffected 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 10.6 Register Definitions: Watchdog Control REGISTER 10-1: WDTCON: WATCHDOG TIMER CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 WDTPS<4:0>(1) bit 7 R/W-0/0 SWDTEN bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -m/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-1 WDTPS<4:0>: Watchdog Timer Period Select bits(1) Bit Value = Prescale Rate 11111 = Reserved. Results in minimum interval (1:32) * * * 10011 = Reserved. Results in minimum interval (1:32) 10010 10001 10000 01111 01110 01101 01100 01011 01010 01001 01000 00111 00110 00101 00100 00011 00010 00001 00000 bit 0 Note 1: = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 1:8388608 (223) (Interval 256s nominal) 1:4194304 (222) (Interval 128s nominal) 1:2097152 (221) (Interval 64s nominal) 1:1048576 (220) (Interval 32s nominal) 1:524288 (219) (Interval 16s nominal) 1:262144 (218) (Interval 8s nominal) 1:131072 (217) (Interval 4s nominal) 1:65536 (Interval 2s nominal) (Reset value) 1:32768 (Interval 1s nominal) 1:16384 (Interval 512 ms nominal) 1:8192 (Interval 256 ms nominal) 1:4096 (Interval 128 ms nominal) 1:2048 (Interval 64 ms nominal) 1:1024 (Interval 32 ms nominal) 1:512 (Interval 16 ms nominal) 1:256 (Interval 8 ms nominal) 1:128 (Interval 4 ms nominal) 1:64 (Interval 2 ms nominal) 1:32 (Interval 1 ms nominal) SWDTEN: Software Enable/Disable for Watchdog Timer bit If WDTE<1:0> = 1x: This bit is ignored. If WDTE<1:0> = 01: 1 = WDT is turned on 0 = WDT is turned off If WDTE<1:0> = 00: This bit is ignored. Times are approximate. WDT time is based on 31 kHz LFINTOSC. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 109 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 10-3: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH WATCHDOG TIMER Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page STATUS -- -- -- TO PD Z DC C 24 WDTCON -- -- SWDTEN 109 Name WDTPS<4:0> Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented locations read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by Watchdog Timer. TABLE 10-4: Name CONFIG2 SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION WORD WITH WATCHDOG TIMER Bits Bit -/7 Bit -/6 Bit 13/5 Bit 12/4 Bit 11/3 Bit 10/2 Bit 9/1 Bit 8/0 13:8 -- -- DEBUG STVREN PPS1WAY -- BORV -- -- WDTE1 7:0 BOREN1 BOREN0 LPBOREN WDTE0 PWRTE MCLRE Register on Page 53 Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by Watchdog Timer. DS40001799C-page 110 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.0 NONVOLATILE MEMORY (NVM) CONTROL TABLE 11-1: NVM is separated into two types: Program Flash Memory and Data EEPROM. NVM is accessible by using both the FSR and INDF registers, or through the NVMREG register interface. The write time is controlled by an on-chip timer. The write/erase voltages are generated by an on-chip charge pump rated to operate over the operating voltage range of the device. NVM can be protected in two ways; by either code protection or write protection. Code protection (CP and CPD bits in Configuration Word 4) disables access, reading and writing, to both the program Flash memory and EEPROM via external device programmers. Code protection does not affect the self-write and erase functionality. Code protection can only be Reset by a device programmer performing a Bulk Erase to the device, clearing all nonvolatile memory, Configuration bits, and user IDs. Write protection prohibits self-write and erase to a portion or all of the program Flash memory, as defined by the WRT<1:0> bits of Configuration Word 3. Write protection does not affect a device programmer's ability to read, write, or erase the device. 11.1 Device PIC16(L)F18313 PIC16(L)F18323 FLASH MEMORY ORGANIZATION BY DEVICE Row Erase (words) Write Latches (words) 32 32 It is important to understand the program Flash memory structure for erase and programming operations. Program Flash memory is arranged in rows. A row consists of 32 14-bit program memory words. A row is the minimum size that can be erased by user software. All or a portion of a row can be programmed. Data to be written into the program memory row is written to 14-bit wide data write latches. These latches are not directly accessible to the user, but may be loaded via sequential writes to the NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair. Note: Program Flash Memory Program Flash memory consists of 8192 14-bit words as user memory, with additional words for user ID information, Configuration Words, and interrupt vectors. Program Flash memory provides storage locations for: To modify only a portion of a previously programmed row, the contents of the entire row must be read and saved in either RAM or the row's write latches prior to the erase. Then, the new data and retained data can be written into the write latches to reprogram the row of program Flash memory. Any unprogrammed locations can be written without first erasing the row. In this case, it is not necessary to save and rewrite the other previously programmed locations * User program instructions * User defined data 11.1.1 Program Flash memory data can be read and/or written to through: The program Flash memory is readable and writable during normal operation over the full VDD range. * CPU instruction fetch (read-only) * FSR/INDF indirect access (read-only) (Section 11.3 "FSR and INDF Access") * NVMREG access (Section 11.4 "NVMREG Access" * External device programmer Read operations return a single word of memory. When write and erase operations are done on a row basis, the row size is defined in Table 11-1. Program Flash memory will erase to a logic `1' and program to a logic `0'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 11.1.1.1 PROGRAM MEMORY VOLTAGES Programming Externally The program memory cell and control logic support write and Bulk Erase operations down to the minimum device operating voltage. 11.1.1.2 Self-Programming The program memory cell and control logic will support write and row erase operations across the entire VDD range. Bulk Erase is not available when self-programming. DS40001799C-page 111 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.2 Data EEPROM Data EEPROM consists of 256 bytes of user data memory. The EEPROM provides storage locations for 8-bit user defined data. EEPROM can be read and/or written through: * FSR/INDF indirect access (Section 11.3 "FSR and INDF Access") * NVMREG access (Section 11.4 "NVMREG Access") * External device programmer Unlike program Flash memory, which must be written to by row, EEPROM can be written to byte by byte. 11.3 FSR and INDF Access The FSR and INDF registers allow indirect access to the program Flash memory or EEPROM. 11.3.1 FSR READ With the intended address loaded into an FSR register, a MOVIW instruction or read of INDF will read data from the Program Flash Memory or EEPROM. The CPU operation is suspended during the read, and resumes immediately after. Read operations return a single word of memory. When the MSB of the FSR (ex: FSRxH) is set to 0x70, the lower 8-bit address value (in FSRxL) determines the EEPROM location that may be read from (through the INDF register). In other words, the EEPROM address range 0x00-0xFF is mapped into the FSR address space between 0x7000-0x70FF. Writing to the EEPROM cannot be accomplished via the FSR/INDF interface. 11.3.2 FSR WRITE Writing/erasing the NVM through the FSR registers (ex. MOVWI instruction) is not supported in the PIC16(L)F18313/18323 devices. DS40001799C-page 112 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.4 FIGURE 11-1: NVMREG Access The NVMREG interface allows read/write access to all the locations accessible by FSRs, and also read/write access to the user ID locations and EEPROM, and read-only access to the device identification, revision, and Configuration data. Reading, writing, or erasing of NVM via the NVMREG interface is prevented when the device is code-protected. 11.4.1 Start Read Operation Select Memory: Program Flash Memory, EEPROM, Config. Words, User ID (NVMREGS) NVMREG READ OPERATION To read a NVM location using the NVMREG interface, the user must: 1. 2. 3. PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY READ FLOWCHART Clear the NVMREGS bit of the NVMCON1 register if the user intends to access program Flash memory locations, or set NVMREGS if the user intends to access user ID, Configuration, or EEPROM locations. Write the desired address into the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair (Table 11-2). Set the RD bit of the NVMCON1 register to initiate the read. Select Word Address (NVMADRH:NVMADRL) Initiate Read Operation (RD = 1) Data read now in NVMDATH:NVMDATL End Read Operation Once the read control bit is set, the CPU operation is suspended during the read, and resumes immediately after. The data is available in the very next cycle, in the NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair; therefore, it can be read as two bytes in the following instructions. NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair will hold this value until another read or until it is written to by the user. Upon completion, the RD bit is cleared by hardware. EXAMPLE 11-1: PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY READ * This code block will read 1 word of program * memory at the memory address: PROG_ADDR_HI : PROG_ADDR_LO * data will be returned in the variables; * PROG_DATA_HI, PROG_DATA_LO BANKSEL MOVLW MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF NVMADRL PROG_ADDR_LO NVMADRL PROG_ADDR_HI NVMADRH ; Select Bank for NVMCON registers ; ; Store LSB of address ; ; Store MSB of address BCF BSF NVMCON1,NVMREGS NVMCON1,RD ; Do not select Configuration Space ; Initiate read MOVF MOVWF MOVF MOVWF NVMDATL,W PROG_DATA_LO NVMDATH,W PROG_DATA_HI ; ; ; ; 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Get LSB of word Store in user location Get MSB of word Store in user location DS40001799C-page 113 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.4.2 NVM UNLOCK SEQUENCE FIGURE 11-2: The unlock sequence is a mechanism that protects the NVM from unintended self-write programming or erasing. The sequence must be executed and completed without interruption to successfully complete any of the following operations: Start Unlock Sequence * Program Flash Memory Row Erase * Load of Program Flash Memory write latches * Write of Program Flash Memory write latches to Program Flash Memory memory * Write of Program Flash Memory write latches to user IDs * Write to EEPROM Write 55h to NVMCON2 The unlock sequence consists of the following steps and must be completed in order: Write AAh to NVMCON2 * Write 55h to NVMCON2 * Write AAh to NMVCON2 * Set the WR bit of NVMCON1 Initiate Write or Erase Operation (WR = 1) Once the WR bit is set, the processor will stall internal operations until the operation is complete and then resume with the next instruction. NOP Instruction (not required for PIC16(L)F18313/18323 devices) The two NOP instructions after setting the WR bit, which were required in previous devices, are not required for PIC16(L)F18313/18323 devices. See Figure 11-2. Note: NVM UNLOCK SEQUENCE FLOWCHART NOP Instruction (not required for PIC16(L)F18313/18323 devices) Since the unlock sequence must not be interrupted, global interrupts should be disabled prior to the unlock sequence and re-enabled after the unlock sequence is completed. End Unlock Operation EXAMPLE 11-2: NVM UNLOCK SEQUENCE BANKSEL BSF MOVLW BCF NVMCON1 NVMCON1,WREN 55h INTCON,GIE ; Enable write/erase ; Load 55h ; Recommended so sequence is not interrupted MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BSF NVMCON2 AAh NVMCON2 NVMCON1,WR ; ; ; ; BSF INTCON,GIE ; Re-enable interrupts Step Step Step Step 1: 2: 3: 4: Load 55h into NVMCON2 Load W with AAh Load AAh into NVMCON2 Set WR bit to begin write/erase Note 1: Sequence begins when NVMCON2 is written; steps 1-4 must occur in the cycle-accurate order shown. 2: Opcodes shown are illustrative; any instruction that has the indicated effect may be used. DS40001799C-page 114 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.4.3 NVMREG WRITE TO EEPROM Writing to the EEPROM is accomplished by the following steps: 1. 2. 3. Set the NVMREGS and WREN bits of the NVMCON1 register. Write the desired address (address +7000h) into the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair (Table 11-2). Perform the unlock sequence as described in Section 11.4.2 "NVM Unlock Sequence". A single EEPROM byte is written with NVMDATA. The operation includes an implicit erase cycle for that byte (it is not necessary to set the FREE bit), and requires many instruction cycles to finish. CPU execution continues in parallel and, when complete, WR is cleared by hardware, NVMIF is set, and an interrupt will occur if NVMIE is also set. Software must poll the WR bit to determine when writing is complete, or wait for the interrupt to occur. WREN will remain unchanged. Once the EEPROM write operation begins, clearing the WR bit will have no effect; the operation will run to completion. 11.4.4 NVMREG ERASE OF PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY Program Flash memory can only be erased one row at a time. No automatic erase occurs upon the initiation of the write to program Flash memory. To erase a program Flash memory row: 1. 2. 3. 4. Clear the NVMREGS bit of the NVMCON1 register to erase program Flash memory locations, or set the NVMREGS bit to erase user ID locations. Write the desired address into the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair (Table 11-2). Set the FREE and WREN bits of the NVMCON1 register. Perform the unlock sequence as described in Section 11.4.2 "NVM Unlock Sequence". FIGURE 11-3: NVM ERASE FLOWCHART Start Erase Operation Select Memory: Program Flash Memory, Config. Words, User ID (NVMREGS) Select Word Address (NVMADRH:NVMADRL) Select Erase Operation (FREE = 1) Enable Write/Erase Operation (WREN = 1) Disable Interrupts (GIE = 0) Unlock Sequence (Figure 11-2) CPU stalls while Erase operation completes (2 ms typical) Enable Interrupts (GIE = 1) Disable Write/Erase Operation (WREN = 0) End Erase Operation If the program Flash memory address is write-protected, the WR bit will be cleared and the erase operation will not take place. While erasing program Flash memory, CPU operation is suspended, and resumes when the operation is complete. Upon completion, the NVMIF is set, and an interrupt will occur if the NVMIE bit is also set. Write latch data is not affected by erase operations, and WREN will remain unchanged. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 115 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 EXAMPLE 11-3: ERASING ONE ROW OF PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY ; This sample row erase routine assumes the following: ; 1.A valid address within the erase row is loaded in variables ADDRH:ADDRL ; 2.ADDRH and ADDRL are located in common RAM (locations 0x70 - 0x7F) BANKSEL MOVF MOVWF MOVF MOVWF BCF BSF BSF BCF NVMADRL ADDRL,W NVMADRL ADDRH,W NVMADRH NVMCON1,NVMREGS NVMCON1,FREE NVMCON1,WREN INTCON,GIE ; Load lower 8 bits of erase address boundary ; ; ; ; ; Load upper 6 bits of erase address boundary Choose Program Flash Memory area Specify an erase operation Enable writes Disable interrupts during unlock sequence ; -------------------------------REQUIRED UNLOCK SEQUENCE:-----------------------------MOVLW MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BSF 55h NVMCON2 AAh NVMCON2 NVMCON1,WR ; ; ; ; ; Load 55h to get ready for unlock sequence First step is to load 55h into NVMCON2 Second step is to load AAh into W Third step is to load AAh into NVMCON2 Final step is to set WR bit ; -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BSF BCF TABLE 11-2: INTCON,GIE NVMCON1,WREN ; Re-enable interrupts, erase is complete ; Disable writes NVM ORGANIZATION AND ACCESS INFORMATION Master Values NVMREG Access FSR Access Memory Function Program Counter (PC), ICSPTM Address Reset Vector 0000h 0 0000h 8000h User Memory 0001h 0 0001h 8001h 0003h INT Vector 0004h User Memory Memory Type Program Flash Memory 0005h NVMREGS NVMADR Allowed bit <14:0> Operations (NVMCON1) 0003h 0 0 17FFh User ID Reserved Program Flash Memory 1 -- 0004h 8005h FFFFh 0003h READ -- 0004h 0005h Device ID 1 0006h 1 0007h 1 0008h 1 0009h CONFIG2 CONFIG3 CONFIG4 User Memory DS40001799C-page 116 FSR Programming Address READ-ONLY 0000h 1 Program Flash Memory 8004h 0005h -- No PC Address 8003h 17FFh Rev ID CONFIG1 READ WRITE FSR Address No Access READ 000Ah EEPROM 1 7000h READ 7000h 70FFh WRITE 70FFh READ-ONLY 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.4.5 NVMREG WRITE TO PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY Program memory is programmed using the following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. Load the address of the row to be programmed into NVMADRH:NVMADRL. Load each write latch with data. Initiate a programming operation. Repeat steps 1 through 3 until all data is written. Before writing to program memory, the word(s) to be written must be erased or previously unwritten. Program memory can only be erased one row at a time. No automatic erase occurs upon the initiation of the write. Program memory can be written one or more words at a time. The maximum number of words written at one time is equal to the number of write latches. See Figure 11-4 (row writes to program memory with 32 write latches) for more details. The write latches are aligned to the Flash row address boundary defined by the upper ten bits of NVMADRH:NVMADRL, (NVMADRH<6:0>:NVMADRL<7:5>) with the lower five bits of NVMADRL, (NVMADRL<4:0>) determining the write latch being loaded. Write operations do not cross these boundaries. At the completion of a program memory write operation, the data in the write latches is reset to contain 0x3FFF. The following steps should be completed to load the write latches and program a row of program memory. These steps are divided into two parts. First, each write latch is loaded with data from the NVMDATH:NVMDATL using the unlock sequence with LWLO = 1. When the last word to be loaded into the write latch is ready, the LWLO bit is cleared and the unlock sequence executed. This initiates the programming operation, writing all the latches into Flash program memory. Note: The special unlock sequence is required to load a write latch with data or initiate a Flash programming operation. If the unlock sequence is interrupted, writing to the latches or program memory will not be initiated. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 1. 2. Set the WREN bit of the NVMCON1 register. Clear the NVMREGS bit of the NVMCON1 register. 3. Set the LWLO bit of the NVMCON1 register. When the LWLO bit of the NVMCON1 register is `1', the write sequence will only load the write latches and will not initiate the write to Flash program memory. 4. Load the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair with the address of the location to be written. 5. Load the NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair with the program memory data to be written. 6. Execute the unlock sequence (Section 11.4.2 "NVM Unlock Sequence"). The write latch is now loaded. 7. Increment the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair to point to the next location. 8. Repeat steps 5 through 7 until all but the last write latch has been loaded. 9. Clear the LWLO bit of the NVMCON1 register. When the LWLO bit of the NVMCON1 register is `0', the write sequence will initiate the write to Flash program memory. 10. Load the NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair with the program memory data to be written. 11. Execute the unlock sequence (Section 11.4.2 "NVM Unlock Sequence"). The entire program memory latch content is now written to Flash program memory. Note: The program memory write latches are reset to the blank state (0x3FFF) at the completion of every write or erase operation. As a result, it is not necessary to load all the program memory write latches. Unloaded latches will remain in the blank state. An example of the complete write sequence is shown in Example 11-4. The initial address is loaded into the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair; the data is loaded using indirect addressing. DS40001799C-page 117 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 11-4: 7 6 - r9 BLOCK WRITES TO PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY WITH 32 WRITE LATCHES 0 7 5 4 NVMADRH r8 r7 r6 r5 r4 0 7 NVMADRL r3 r2 r1 r0 c4 c3 - c2 c1 5 - 0 7 NVMDATH 0 NVMDATL 6 c0 8 14 Program Memory Write Latches 5 10 14 NVMADRL<4:0> Write Latch #0 00h 14 14 14 Row Addr Addr Addr Addr 000h 0000h 0001h 001Eh 001Fh 001h 0020h 0021h 003Eh 003Fh 002h 0040h 0041h 005Eh 005Fh 3FEh 7FC0h 7FC1h 7FDEh 7FDFh 3FFh 7FE0h 7FE1h 7FFEh 7FFFh Program Flash Memory 400h NVMREGS = 1 14 Write Latch #31 1Fh 8000h - 8003h 8004h USER ID 0 - 3 reserved 8005h -8006h DEVICE ID Dev / Rev 8007h - 800Ah 800Bh - 801Fh Configuration Words reserved Configuration Memory PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 118 NVMADRH<6:0> NVMADRL<7:5> Row Address Decode 14 Write Latch #30 1Eh Write Latch #1 01h 14 NVMREGS = 0 14 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 11-5: PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY WRITE FLOWCHART Start Write Operation Determine number of words to be written into PFM or Configuration Memory. The number of words cannot exceed the number of words per row (word_cnt) Load the value to write (NVMDATH:NVMDATL) Update the word counter (word_cnt--) Write Latches to PFM (LWLO = 0) Select PFM or Config. Memory (NVMREGS) Last word to write? No Select Row Address (NVMADRH:NVMADRL) Disable Interrupts (GIE = 0) Yes Disable Interrupts (GIE = 0) Unlock Sequence (Figure 11-2) Select Write Operation (FREE = 0) Unlock Sequence (Figure 11-2) CPU stalls while Write operation completes (2 ms typical) Load Write Latches Only (LWLO = 1) No delay when writing to PFM Latches Enable Write/Erase Operation (WREN = 1) Re-enable Interrupts (GIE = 1) Re-enable Interrupts (GIE = 1) Increment Address (NVMADRH:NVMADRL++) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Disable Write/Erase Operation (WREN = 0) End Write Operation DS40001799C-page 119 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 EXAMPLE 11-4: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; WRITING TO PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY This write routine assumes the following: 1. 32 words of data are loaded, starting at the address in DATA_ADDR 2. Each word of data to be written is made up of two adjacent bytes in DATA_ADDR, stored in little endian format 3. A valid starting address (the least significant bits = 00000) is loaded in ADDRH:ADDRL 4. ADDRH and ADDRL are located in common RAM (locations 0x70 - 0x7F) 5. NVM interrupts are not taken into account BANKSEL MOVF MOVWF MOVF MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BCF BSF BSF NVMADRH ADDRH,W NVMADRH ADDRL,W NVMADRL LOW DATA_ADDR FSR0L HIGH DATA_ADDR FSR0H NVMCON1,NVMREGS NVMCON1,WREN NVMCON1,LWLO MOVIW MOVWF MOVIW MOVWF FSR0++ NVMDATL FSR0++ NVMDATH MOVF XORLW ANDLW BTFSC GOTO NVMADRL,W 0x1F 0x1F STATUS,Z START_WRITE CALL INCF GOTO UNLOCK_SEQ NVMADRL,F LOOP ; If not, go load latch ; Increment address NVMCON1,LWLO UNLOCK_SEQ NVMCON1,LWLO ; Latch writes complete, now write memory ; Perform required unlock sequence ; Disable writes ; Load initial address ; Load initial data address ; Set Program Flash Memory as write location ; Enable writes ; Load only write latches LOOP START_WRITE BCF CALL BCF UNLOCK_SEQ MOVLW BCF MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BSF BSF return DS40001799C-page 120 55h INTCON,GIE NVMCON2 AAh NVMCON2 NVMCON1,WR INTCON,GIE ; Load first data byte ; Load second data byte ; ; ; ; Check if lower bits of address are 00000 and if on last of 32 addresses Last of 32 words? If so, go write latches into memory ; Disable interrupts ; Begin unlock sequence ; Unlock sequence complete, re-enable interrupts 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.4.6 MODIFYING PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY When modifying existing data in a program memory row, and data within that row must be preserved, it must first be read and saved in a RAM image. Program memory is modified using the following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Load the starting address of the row to be modified. Read the existing data from the row into a RAM image. Modify the RAM image to contain the new data to be written into program memory. Load the starting address of the row to be rewritten. Erase the program memory row. Load the write latches with data from the RAM image. Initiate a programming operation. FIGURE 11-6: PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY MODIFY FLOWCHART Start Modify Operation Read Operation (Figure11-1 x.x) Figure An image of the entire row read must be stored in RAM Modify Image The words to be modified are changed in the RAM image Erase Operation (Figure11-3 x.x) Figure Write Operation use RAM image (Figure11-5 x.x) Figure End Modify Operation 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 121 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.4.7 NVMREG EEPROM, USER ID, DEVICE ID AND CONFIGURATION WORD ACCESS Instead of accessing program Flash memory, the EEPROM, the user ID's, Device ID/Revision ID and Configuration Words can be accessed when NVMREGS = 1 in the NVMCON1 register. This is the region that would be pointed to by PC<15> = 1, but not all addresses are accessible. Different access may exist for reads and writes. Refer to Table 11-3. When read access is initiated on an address outside the parameters listed in Table 11-3, the NVMDATH: NVMDATL register pair is cleared, reading back `0's. TABLE 11-3: EEPROM, USER ID, DEV/REV ID AND CONFIGURATION WORD ACCESS (NVMREGS = 1) Address Function Read Access Write Access 8000h-8003h User IDs Yes Yes 8005h-8006h Device ID/Revision ID Yes No 8007h-800Ah Configuration Words 1-4 Yes No F000h-F0FFh EEPROM Yes Yes DS40001799C-page 122 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.4.8 WRITE VERIFY It is considered good programming practice to verify that program memory writes agree with the intended value. Since program memory is stored as a full row, then the stored program memory contents are compared with the intended data stored in RAM after the last write is complete. FIGURE 11-7: PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY VERIFY FLOWCHART Start Verify Operation This routine assumes that the last row of data written was from an image saved in RAM. This image will be used to verify the data currently stored in Flash Program Memory. Read Operation Figure 11-1 No NVMDAT = RAM image? Yes No Fail Verify Operation Last Word? Yes End Verify Operation 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 123 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.4.9 WRERR BIT The WRERR bit can be used to determine if a write error occurred. WRERR will be set if one of the following conditions occurs: * If WR is set while the NVMADRH:NMVADRL points to a write-protected address * A Reset occurs while a self-write operation was in progress * An unlock sequence was interrupted The WRERR bit is normally set by hardware, but can be set by the user for test purposes. Once set, WRERR must be cleared in software. TABLE 11-4: ACTIONS FOR PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY WHEN WR = 1 Free LWLO 0 0 Write the write latch data to program Flash memory * If WP is enabled, WR is cleared row. See Section 11.4.4 "NVMREG Erase of Proand WRERR is set gram Flash Memory" * Write latches are reset to 3FFh * NVMDATH:NVMDATL is ignored 0 1 Copy NVMDATH:NVMDATL to the write latch corre- * Write protection is ignored sponding to NVMADR LSBs. See Section 11.4.4 * No memory access occurs "NVMREG Erase of Program Flash Memory" 1 x Erase the 32-word row of NVMADRH:NVMADRL location. See Section 11.4.3 "NVMREG Write to EEPROM" DS40001799C-page 124 Actions for Program Flash Memory when WR = 1 Comments * If WP is enabled, WR is cleared and WRERR is set * All 32 words are erased * NVMDATH:NVMDATL is ignored 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 11.5 Register Definitions: Program Flash Memory Control REGISTER 11-1: R/W-0/0 NVMDATL: NONVOLATILE MEMORY DATA LOW BYTE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NVMDAT<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NVMDAT<7:0>: Read/write value for Least Significant bits of program memory REGISTER 11-2: NVMDATH: NONVOLATILE MEMORY DATA HIGH BYTE REGISTER U-0 U-0 -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NVMDAT<13:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 NVMDAT<13:8>: Read/write value for Most Significant bits of program memory(1) Note 1: This byte is ignored when writing to EEPROM. REGISTER 11-3: R/W-0/0 NVMADRL: NONVOLATILE MEMORY ADDRESS LOW BYTE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NVMADR<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NVMADR<7:0>: Specifies the Least Significant bits for program memory address REGISTER 11-4: U-1 NVMADRH: NONVOLATILE MEMORY ADDRESS HIGH BYTE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NVMADR<14:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 6-0 NVMADR<14:8>: Specifies the Most Significant bits for program memory address 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 125 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 11-5: NVMCON1: NONVOLATILE MEMORY CONTROL 1 REGISTER U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- NVMREGS LWLO R/W/HC-0/0 R/W/HS-x/q FREE WRERR R/W-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 WREN WR RD bit 7 bit 0 Legend: q = Reset value is determined by hardware HS = Hardware set R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' S = Bit can only be set x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HC = Bit is cleared by hardware bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6 NVMREGS: Configuration Select bit 1 = Access EEPROM, Configuration, user ID and device ID registers 0 = Access program Flash memory bit 5 LWLO: Load Write Latches Only bit When FREE = 0: 1 = The next WR command updates the write latch for this word within the row; no memory operation is initiated. 0 = The next WR command writes data or erases. Otherwise: The bit is ignored. bit 4 FREE: Program Flash Memory Erase Enable bit When NVMREGS:NVMADR points to a program Flash memory location: 1 = Performs an erase operation with the next WR command; the row containing the indicated address is erased (to all 1s) to prepare for writing. 0 = All erase operations have completed normally bit 3 WRERR: Program/Erase Error Flag bit (1,2,3) 1 = A write operation was interrupted by a Reset, interrupted unlock sequence, or WR was written to one while NVMADR points to a write-protected address. 0 = The program or erase operation completed normally bit 2 WREN: Program/Erase Enable bit 1 = Allows program/erase cycles 0 = Inhibits programming/erasing of program Flash bit 1 WR: Write Control bit(4,5,6) When NVMREG:NVMADR points to a EEPROM location: 1 = Initiates an erase/program cycle at the corresponding EEPROM location 0 = NVM program/erase operation is complete and inactive When NVMREG:NVMADR points to a program Flash memory location: 1 = Initiates the operation indicated by Table 11-5 0 = NVM program/erase operation is complete and inactive bit 0 RD: Read Control bit(7) 1 = Initiates a read at address = NVMADR1, and loads data to NVMDAT Read takes one instruction cycle and the bit is cleared when the operation is complete. The bit can only be set (not cleared) in software. 0 = NVM read operation is complete and inactive. Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Bit may change while WR = 1 (during the EEPROM write operation it may be `0' or `1'). Bit must be cleared by software; hardware will not clear this bit. Bit may be written to `1' by software in order to implement test sequences. This bit can only be set by following the unlock sequence of Section 11.4.2 "NVM Unlock Sequence". Operations are self-timed, and the WR bit is cleared by hardware when complete. Once a write operation is initiated, setting this bit to zero will have no effect. Reading from EEPROM loads only NVMDATL<7:0> (Register 11-1). DS40001799C-page 126 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 11-6: W-0/0 NVMCON2: NONVOLATILE MEMORY CONTROL 2 REGISTER W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 NVMCON2 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' S = Bit can only be set x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NVMCON2<7:0>: Flash Memory Unlock Pattern bits To unlock writes, a 55h must be written first, followed by an AAh, before setting the WR bit of the NVMCON1 register. The value written to this register is used to unlock the writes. TABLE 11-5: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH NONVOLATILE MEMORY (NVM) Register on Page Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 INTCON GIE PEIE -- -- -- -- -- INTEDG 89 PIR2 -- C2IF(2) C1IF NVMIF -- -- -- NCO1IF 97 PIE2 -- C2IE(2) C1IE NVMIE -- -- -- NCO1IE 92 -- NVMREGS LWLO FREE WRERR WREN WR RD 126 NVMCON1 NVMCON2 NVMCON2 127 NVMADRL NVMADR<7:0> 125 --(1) NVMADRH NVMADR<14:8> NVMDATL 125 NVMDAT<7:0> -- NVMDATH -- 125 NVMDAT<13:8> 125 Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by NVM. Note 1: Unimplemented, read as `1'. 2: PIC16(L)F18323 only. TABLE 11-6: Name CONFIG3 CONFIG4 SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION WORD WITH NONVOLATILE MEMORY (NVM) Bits Bit -/7 Bit -/6 Bit 13/5 Bit 12/4 Bit 11/3 Bit 10/2 Bit 9/1 Bit 8/0 13:8 -- -- LVP -- -- -- -- -- 7:0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 13:8 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 7:0 -- -- -- -- -- -- CPD CP WRT<1:0> Register on Page 54 55 Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by NVM. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 127 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 I/O PORTS GENERIC I/O PORT OPERATION PORT AVAILABILITY PER DEVICE Device PORTA TABLE 12-1: FIGURE 12-1: PIC16(L)F18313 PIC16(L)F18323 PORTC 12.0 Each port has ten standard registers for its operation. These registers are: * PORTx registers (reads the levels on the pins of the device) * LATx registers (output latch) * TRISx registers (data direction) * ANSELx registers (analog select) * WPUx registers (weak pull-up) * INLVLx (input level control) * SLRCONx registers (slew rate) * ODCONx registers (open-drain) Most port pins share functions with device peripherals, both analog and digital. In general, when a peripheral is enabled on a port pin, that pin cannot be used as a general purpose output; however, the pin can still be read. The Data Latch (LATx registers) is useful for read-modify-write operations on the value that the I/O pins are driving. A write operation to the LATx register has the same effect as a write to the corresponding PORTx register. A read of the LATx register reads of the values held in the I/O PORT latches, while a read of the PORTx register reads the actual I/O pin value. Read LATx D Write LATx Write PORTx TRISx Q CK VDD Data Register Data Bus I/O pin Read PORTx To digital peripherals To analog peripherals 12.1 ANSELx VSS I/O Priorities Each pin defaults to the PORT data latch after Reset. Other functions are selected with the peripheral pin select logic. See Section 13.0 "Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module" for more information. Analog input functions, such as ADC and comparator inputs, are not shown in the peripheral pin select lists. These inputs are active when the I/O pin is set for Analog mode using the ANSELx register. Digital output functions may continue to control the pin when it is in Analog mode. Analog outputs, when enabled, take priority over the digital outputs and force the digital output driver to the high-impedance state. Ports that support analog inputs have an associated ANSELx register. When an ANSEL bit is set, the digital input buffer associated with that bit is disabled. Disabling the input buffer prevents analog signal levels on the pin between a logic high and low from causing excessive current in the logic input circuitry. A simplified model of a generic I/O port, without the interfaces to other peripherals, is shown in Figure 12-1. DS40001799C-page 128 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 12.2 PORTA Registers 12.2.1 DATA REGISTER PORTA is a 6-bit wide, bidirectional port. The corresponding data direction register is TRISA (Register 12-2). Setting a TRISA bit (= 1) will make the corresponding PORTA pin an input (i.e., disable the output driver). Clearing a TRISA bit (= 0) will make the corresponding PORTA pin an output (i.e., enables output driver and puts the contents of the output latch on the selected pin). The exception is RA3, which is input-only and its TRIS bit will always read as `1'. Example 12-1 shows how to initialize PORTA. Reading the PORTA register (Register 12-1) reads the status of the pins, whereas writing to it will write to the PORT latch. All write operations are read-modify-write operations. Therefore, a write to a port implies that the port pins are read, this value is modified and then written to the PORT data latch (LATA). 12.2.3 OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL The ODCONA register (Register 12-6) controls the open-drain feature of the port. Open-drain operation is independently selected for each pin. When an ODCONA bit is set, the corresponding port output becomes an open-drain driver capable of sinking current only. When an ODCONA bit is cleared, the corresponding port output pin is the standard push-pull drive capable of sourcing and sinking current. Note: 12.2.4 It is not necessary to set open-drain control when using the pin for I2C; the I2C module controls the pin and makes the pin open-drain. SLEW RATE CONTROL The PORT data latch LATA (Register 12-3) holds the output port data, and contains the latest value of a LATA or PORTA write. The SLRCONA register (Register 12-7) controls the slew rate option for each port pin. Slew rate control is independently selectable for each port pin. When an SLRCONA bit is set, the corresponding port pin drive is slew rate limited. When an SLRCONA bit is cleared, The corresponding port pin drive slews at the maximum rate available. EXAMPLE 12-1: 12.2.5 ; ; ; ; INITIALIZING PORTA This code example illustrates initializing the PORTA register. The other ports are initialized in the same manner. BANKSEL CLRF BANKSEL CLRF BANKSEL CLRF BANKSEL MOVLW MOVWF 12.2.2 PORTA PORTA LATA LATA ANSELA ANSELA TRISA B'00111000' TRISA ; ;Clear PORTA ;Data Latch ; ; ;digital I/O ; ;Set RA<5:3> as inputs ;and set RA<2:0> as ;outputs DIRECTION CONTROL The TRISA register (Register 12-2) controls the PORTA pin output drivers, even when they are being used as analog inputs. The user should ensure the bits in the TRISA register are maintained set when using them as analog inputs. I/O pins configured as analog inputs always read `0'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. INPUT THRESHOLD CONTROL The INLVLA register (Register 12-8) controls the input voltage threshold for each of the available PORTA input pins. A selection between the Schmitt Trigger CMOS or the TTL Compatible thresholds is available. The input threshold is important in determining the value of a read of the PORTA register and also the level at which an interrupt-on-change occurs, if that feature is enabled. See Table 35-4 for more information on threshold levels. Note: Changing the input threshold selection should be performed while all peripheral modules are disabled. Changing the threshold level during the time a module is active may inadvertently generate a transition associated with an input pin, regardless of the actual voltage level on that pin. DS40001799C-page 129 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 12.2.6 ANALOG CONTROL The ANSELA register (Register 12-4) is used to configure the Input mode of an I/O pin to analog. Setting the appropriate ANSELA bit high will cause all digital reads on the pin to be read as `0' and allow analog functions on the pin to operate correctly. The state of the ANSELA bits has no effect on digital output functions. A pin with TRIS clear and ANSEL set will still operate as a digital output, but the Input mode will be analog. This can cause unexpected behavior when executing read-modify-write instructions on the affected port. Note: 12.2.7 The ANSELA bits default to the Analog mode after Reset. To use any pins as digital general purpose or peripheral inputs, the corresponding ANSEL bits must be initialized to `0' by user software. WEAK PULL-UP CONTROL The WPUA register (Register 12-5) controls the individual weak pull-ups for each PORT pin. PORTA pin RA3 includes the MCLR/VPP input. The MCLR input allows the device to be reset, and can be disabled by the MCLRE bit of Configuration Word 2. A weak pull-up is present on the RA3 port pin. This weak pull-up is enabled when MCLR is enabled (MCLRE = 1) or the WPUA3 bit is set. The weak pull-up is disabled when is disabled and the WPUA3 bit is clear. 12.2.8 PORTA FUNCTIONS AND OUTPUT PRIORITIES Each PORTA pin is multiplexed with other functions. Each pin defaults to the PORT latch data after Reset. Other output functions are selected with the peripheral pin select logic. See Section 13.0 "Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module" for more information. Analog input functions, such as ADC and comparator inputs are not shown in the peripheral pin select lists. Digital output functions may continue to control the pin when it is in Analog mode. DS40001799C-page 130 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 12.3 Register Definitions: PORTA REGISTER 12-1: U-0 PORTA: PORTA REGISTER U-0 -- -- R/W-x/u R/W-x/u RA5 RA4 R-x/u (2) RA3 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u RA2 RA1 RA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 RA<5:0>: PORTA I/O Value bits(1) 1 = Port pin is > VIH 0 = Port pin is < VIL Note 1: 2: Writes to PORTA are actually written to corresponding LATA register. Reads from PORTA register is return of actual I/O pin values. Bit RA3 is read-only, and will read `1' when MCLRE = 1 (master clear enabled). REGISTER 12-2: TRISA: PORTA TRI-STATE REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 -- -- TRISA5 TRISA4 -- TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-4 TRISA<5:4>: PORTA Tri-State Control bit 1 = PORTA pin configured as an input (tri-stated) 0 = PORTA pin configured as an output bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 2-0 TRISA<2:0>: PORTA Tri-State Control bit 1 = PORTA pin configured as an input (tri-stated) 0 = PORTA pin configured as an output 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 131 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 12-3: LATA: PORTA DATA LATCH REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u -- -- LATA5 LATA4 -- LATA2 LATA1 LATA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-4 LATA<5:4>: RA<5:4> Output Latch Value bits(1) bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2-0 LATA<2:0>: RA<2:0> Output Latch Value bits(1) Note 1: Writes to PORTA are actually written to corresponding LATA register. Reads from PORTA register is return of actual I/O pin values. REGISTER 12-4: ANSELA: PORTA ANALOG SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 -- -- ANSA5 ANSA4 -- ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-4 ANSA<5:4>: Analog Select between Analog or Digital Function on pins RA<5:4>, respectively 1 = Analog input. Pin is assigned as analog input(1). Digital input buffer disabled. 0 = Digital I/O. Pin is assigned to port or digital special function. bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2-0 ANSA<2:0>: Analog Select between Analog or Digital Function on pins RA<2:0>, respectively 1 = Analog input. Pin is assigned as analog input(1). Digital input buffer disabled. 0 = Digital I/O. Pin is assigned to port or digital special function. Note 1: When setting a pin to an analog input, the corresponding TRIS bit must be set to Input mode in order to allow external control of the voltage on the pin. DS40001799C-page 132 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 12-5: WPUA: WEAK PULL-UP PORTA REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- WPUA5 WPUA4 WPUA3(1) WPUA2 WPUA1 WPUA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 WPUA<5:0>: Weak Pull-up Register bits(2) 1 = Pull-up enabled 0 = Pull-up disabled Note 1: 2: If MCLRE = 1, the weak pull-up in RA3 is always enabled; bit WPUA3 is not affected. The weak pull-up device is disabled if the pin is configured as an output except when the pin is also configured as open-drain. When configured as open-drain, the pull-up is enabled when the output value is high, and disabled when the output value is low. REGISTER 12-6: ODCONA: PORTA OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- ODCA5 ODCA4 -- ODCA2 ODCA1 ODCA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-4 ODCA<5:4>: PORTA Open-Drain Enable bits For RA<5:4> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin operates as open-drain drive (sink current only) 0 = Port pin operates as standard push-pull drive (source and sink current) bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2-0 ODCA<2:0>: PORTA Open-Drain Enable bits For RA<2:0> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin operates as open-drain drive (sink current only) 0 = Port pin operates as standard push-pull drive (source and sink current) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 133 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 12-7: SLRCONA: PORTA SLEW RATE CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 -- -- SLRA5 SLRA4 -- SLRA2 SLRA1 SLRA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-4 SLRA<5:4>: PORTA Slew Rate Enable bits For RA<5:4> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin slew rate is limited 0 = Port pin slews at maximum rate bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2-0 SLRA<2:0>: PORTA Slew Rate Enable bits For RA<2:0> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin slew rate is limited 0 = Port pin slews at maximum rate REGISTER 12-8: INLVLA: PORTA INPUT LEVEL CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 -- -- INLVLA5 INLVLA4 INLVLA3 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 INLVLA<5:0>: PORTA Input Level Select bits For RA<5:0> pins, respectively 1 = ST input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change 0 = TTL input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change DS40001799C-page 134 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 12-2: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PORTA Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page PORTA -- -- RA5 RA4 RA3 RA2 RA1 RA0 131 TRISA -- -- TRISA5 TRISA4 -- TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 LATA -- -- LATA5 LATA4 -- LATA2 LATA1 LATA0 132 ANSELA -- -- ANSA5 ANSA4 -- ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 WPUA -- -- WPUA5 WPUA4 WPUA3 WPUA2 WPUA1 WPUA0 133 ODCONA -- -- ODCA5 ODCA4 -- ODCA2 ODCA1 ODCA0 133 SLRCONA -- -- SLRA5 SLRA4 -- SLRA2 SLRA1 SLRA0 134 INLVLA -- -- INLVLA5 INLVLA4 INLVLA3 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 134 Name Legend: - = unimplemented locations read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by PORTA. TABLE 12-3: Name CONFIG2 Legend: SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION WORD WITH PORTA Bits Bit -/7 Bit -/6 Bit 13/5 Bit 12/4 Bit 11/3 Bit 10/2 Bit 9/1 Bit 8/0 13:8 -- -- DEBUG STVREN PPS1WAY -- BORV -- 7:0 BOREN1 -- WDTE1 WDTE0 PWRTE MCLRE BOREN0 LPBOREN Register on Page 53 -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by PORTA. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 135 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 12.4 12.4.1 PORTC Registers DATA REGISTER PORTC is a bidirectional port that is 6-bits wide. The corresponding data direction register is TRISC (Register 12-10). Setting a TRISC bit (= 1) will make the corresponding PORTC pin an input (i.e., put the corresponding output driver in a High-Impedance mode). Clearing a TRISC bit (= 0) will make the corresponding PORTC pin an output (i.e., enable the output driver and put the contents of the output latch on the selected pin). Example 12-1 shows how to initialize an I/O port. Reading the PORTC register (Register 12-9) reads the status of the pins, whereas writing to it will write to the PORT latch. All write operations are read-modify-write operations. Therefore, a write to a port implies that the port pins are read, this value is modified and then written to the PORT data latch (LATC). The PORT data latch LATC (Register 12-11) holds the output port data, and contains the latest value of a LATC or PORTC write. 12.4.2 DIRECTION CONTROL 12.4.4 OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL The ODCONC register (Register 12-14) controls the open-drain feature of the port. Open-drain operation is independently selected for each pin. When an ODCONC bit is set, the corresponding port output becomes an open-drain driver capable of sinking current only. When an ODCONC bit is cleared, the corresponding port output pin is the standard push-pull drive capable of sourcing and sinking current. Note: 12.4.5 It is not necessary to set open-drain control when using the pin for I2C; the I2C module controls the pin and makes the pin open-drain. SLEW RATE CONTROL The SLRCONC register (Register 12-15) controls the slew rate option for each port pin. Slew rate control is independently selectable for each port pin. When an SLRCONC bit is set, the corresponding port pin drive is slew rate limited. When an SLRCONC bit is cleared, The corresponding port pin drive slews at the maximum rate available. The TRISC register (Register 12-10) controls the PORTC pin output drivers, even when they are being used as analog inputs. The user should ensure the bits in the TRISC register are maintained set when using them as analog inputs. I/O pins configured as analog inputs always read `0'. 12.4.6 12.4.3 The state of the ANSELC bits has no effect on digital output functions. A pin with TRIS clear and ANSELC set will still operate as a digital output, but the Input mode will be analog. This can cause unexpected behavior when executing read-modify-write instructions on the affected port. INPUT THRESHOLD CONTROL The INLVLC register (Register 12-16) controls the input voltage threshold for each of the available PORTC input pins. A selection between the Schmitt Trigger CMOS or the TTL Compatible thresholds is available. The input threshold is important in determining the value of a read of the PORTC register and also the level at which an interrupt-on-change occurs, if that feature is enabled. See Table 35-4 for more information on threshold levels. Note: Changing the input threshold selection should be performed while all peripheral modules are disabled. Changing the threshold level during the time a module is active may inadvertently generate a transition associated with an input pin, regardless of the actual voltage level on that pin. ANALOG CONTROL The ANSELC register (Register 12-12) is used to configure the Input mode of an I/O pin to analog. Setting the appropriate ANSELC bit high will cause all digital reads on the pin to be read as `0' and allow analog functions on the pin to operate correctly. Note: 12.4.7 The ANSELC bits default to the Analog mode after Reset. To use any pins as digital general purpose or peripheral inputs, the corresponding ANSEL bits must be initialized to `0' by user software. WEAK PULL-UP CONTROL The WPUC register (Register 12-13) controls the individual weak pull-ups for each PORT pin. 12.4.8 PORTC FUNCTIONS AND OUTPUT PRIORITIES Each pin defaults to the PORT latch data after Reset. Other functions are selected with the peripheral pin select logic. See Section 13.0 "Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module" for more information. Analog output functions, such as ADC and comparator inputs, are not shown in the peripheral pin select lists. Digital output functions may continue to control the pin when it is in Analog mode. DS40001799C-page 136 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 12.5 Register Definitions: PORTC REGISTER 12-9: PORTC: PORTC REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u -- -- RC5 RC4 RC3 RC2 RC1 RC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 RC<5:0>: PORTC General Purpose I/O Pin bits(1) 1 = Port pin is > VIH 0 = Port pin is < VIL Note 1: Writes to PORTC are actually written to corresponding LATC register. Reads from PORTC register is return of actual I/O pin values. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 137 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 12-10: TRISC: PORTC TRI-STATE REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 -- -- TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 TRISC<5:0>: PORTC Tri-State Control bits 1 = PORTC pin configured as an input (tri-stated) 0 = PORTC pin configured as an output REGISTER 12-11: LATC: PORTC DATA LATCH REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u -- -- LATC5 LATC4 LATC3 LATC2 LATC1 LATC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 LATC<5:0>: PORTC Output Latch Value bits DS40001799C-page 138 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 12-12: ANSELC: PORTC ANALOG SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 -- -- ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 ANSC<5:0>: Analog Select between Analog or Digital Function on pins RC<5:0>, respectively 0 = Digital I/O. Pin is assigned to port or digital special function. 1 = Analog input. Pin is assigned as analog input(1). Digital input buffer disabled. Note 1: When setting a pin to an analog input, the corresponding TRIS bit must be set to Input mode in order to allow external control of the voltage on the pin. REGISTER 12-13: WPUC: WEAK PULL-UP PORTC REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- WPUC5 WPUC4 WPUC3 WPUC2 WPUC1 WPUC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 WPUC<5:0>: Weak Pull-up Register bits(1) 1 = Pull-up enabled 0 = Pull-up disabled Note 1: The weak pull-up is disabled if the pin is configured as an output except when the pin is also configured as open-drain. When configured as open-drain, the pull-up is enabled when the output value is high, and disabled when the output value is low. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 139 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 12-14: ODCONC: PORTC OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- ODCC5 ODCC4 ODCC3 ODCC2 ODCC1 ODCC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 ODCC<5:0>: PORTC Open-Drain Enable bits For RC<5:0> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin operates as open-drain drive (sink current only) 0 = Port pin operates as standard push-pull drive (source and sink current) REGISTER 12-15: SLRCONC: PORTC SLEW RATE CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 -- -- SLRC5 SLRC4 SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 SLRC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 SLRC<5:0>: PORTC Slew Rate Enable bits For RC<5:0> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin slew rate is limited 0 = Port pin slews at maximum rate DS40001799C-page 140 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 12-16: INLVLC: PORTC INPUT LEVEL CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 -- -- INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 INLVLC<5:0>: PORTC Input Level Select bits For RC<5:0> pins, respectively 1 = ST input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change 0 = TTL input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change TABLE 12-4: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PORTC Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page PORTC -- -- RC5 RC4 RC3 RC2 RC1 RC0 137 TRISC -- -- TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 LATC -- -- LATC5 LATC4 LATC3 LATC2 LATC1 LATC0 138 ANSELC -- -- ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 WPUC -- -- WPUC5 WPUC4 WPUC3 WPUC2 WPUC1 WPUC0 139 ODCONC -- -- ODCC5 ODCC4 ODCC3 ODCC2 ODCC1 ODCC0 140 SLRCONC -- -- SLRC5 SLRC4 SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 SLRC0 140 INLVLC -- -- Name INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 141 Legend: - = unimplemented locations read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by PORTC. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 141 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 13.0 PERIPHERAL PIN SELECT (PPS) MODULE The Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) module connects peripheral inputs and outputs to the device I/O pins. Only digital signals are included in the selections. All analog inputs and outputs remain fixed to their assigned pins. Input and output selections are independent as shown in the simplified block diagram Figure 13-1. 13.1 PPS Inputs Each peripheral has a PPS register with which the inputs to the peripheral are selected. Inputs include the device pins. 13.2 Each I/O pin has a PPS register with which the pin output source is selected. With few exceptions, the port TRIS control associated with that pin retains control over the pin output driver. Peripherals that control the pin output driver as part of the peripheral operation will override the TRIS control as needed. These peripherals are: * EUSART1 (synchronous operation) * MSSP (I2C) Although every pin has its own PPS peripheral selection register, the selections are identical for every pin as shown in Register 13-2. Although every peripheral has its own PPS input selection register, the selections are identical for every peripheral as shown in Register 13-1. Note: PPS Outputs Note: The notation "Rxy" is a place holder for the pin identifier. For example, RA0PPS. The notation "xxx" in the register name is a place holder for the peripheral identifier. For example, CLC1PPS. FIGURE 13-1: SIMPLIFIED PPS BLOCK DIAGRAM PPS Outputs RA0PPS PPS Inputs abcPPS RA0 RA0 Peripheral abc RxyPPS Rxy Peripheral xyz RC7(1) RC7PPS(1) xyzPPS RC7(1) Note 1: RB<7:4> and RC<7:6> are available on PIC16(L)F18323 only. DS40001799C-page 142 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 13.3 Bidirectional Pins PPS selections for peripherals with bidirectional signals on a single pin must be made so that the PPS input and PPS output select the same pin. Peripherals that have bidirectional signals are: * EUSART1 (synchronous operation) * MSSP (I2C) Note: The I2C default input pins are I2C and SMBus compatible and are the only pins on the PIC16(L)F18313/18323 with this compatibility. Clock and data signals can be routed to any pin, however pins without I2C compatibility will operate at standard TTL/ST logic levels as selected by the INVLV register. 13.5 The PPS can be locked by setting the PPS1WAY bit of Configuration Word 2. When the PPS1WAY bit is set, the PPSLOCKED bit of the PPSLOCK register can be cleared and set only one time after a device Reset. Once the PPS registers are configured, user software sets the PPSLOCKED bit, preventing any further writes to the PPS registers. The PPS registers can be read at any time, regardless of the PPS1WAY or PPSLOCKED settings. When the PPS1WAY bit is clear, the PPSLOCKED bit of the PPSLOCK register can be cleared and set multiple times during code execution, but requires the PPS lock/unlock sequence to be performed each time modifications to the PPS registers are made. 13.6 13.4 PPSLOCKED Bit The PPS includes a mode in which all input and output selections can be locked to prevent inadvertent changes. PPS selections are locked by setting the PPSLOCKED bit of the PPSLOCK register. Setting and clearing this bit requires a special sequence as an extra precaution against inadvertent changes. Examples of setting and clearing the PPSLOCKED bit are shown in Example 13-1. EXAMPLE 13-1: PPS LOCK/UNLOCK SEQUENCE PPS1WAY Bit Operation During Sleep PPS input and output selections are unaffected by Sleep. 13.7 Effects of a Reset A device Power-On-Reset (POR) clears all PPS input and output selections to their default values, and clears the PPSLOCKED bit of the PPSLOCK register. All other Resets leave the selections unchanged. Default input selections are shown in pin allocation Table 1 and Table 2. ; suspend interrupts bcf INTCON,GIE ; BANKSEL PPSLOCK ; set bank ; required sequence, next 5 instructions movlw 0x55 movwf PPSLOCK movlw 0xAA movwf PPSLOCK ; Set PPSLOCKED bit to disable writes or ; Clear PPSLOCKED bit to enable writes bsf PPSLOCK,PPSLOCKED ; restore interrupts bsf INTCON,GIE 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 143 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 13.8 Register Definitions: PPS Input Selection REGISTER 13-1: xxxPPS: PERIPHERAL xxx INPUT SELECTION U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-q/u R/W-q/u R/W-q/u R/W-q/u R/W-q/u xxxPPS<4:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = value depends on peripheral bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4-0 xxxPPS<4:0>: Peripheral xxx Input Selection bits 11xxx = Reserved. Do not use. 10111 = Reserved. Do not use. 10110 = Reserved. Do not use. 10101 = Peripheral input is RC5(1) 10100 = Peripheral input is RC4(1) 10011 = Peripheral input is RC3(1) 10010 = Peripheral input is RC2(1) 10001 = Peripheral input is RC1(1) 10000 = Peripheral input is RC0(1) ... 01xxx = Reserved. Do not use. ... 0011x = Reserved. Do not use. 00101 = Peripheral input is RA5 00100 = Peripheral input is RA4 00011 = Peripheral input is RA3 00010 = Peripheral input is RA2 00001 = Peripheral input is RA1 00000 = Peripheral input is RA0 Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. DS40001799C-page 144 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 13-2: RxyPPS: PIN Rxy OUTPUT SOURCE SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u RxyPPS<4:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4-0 RxyPPS<4:0>: Pin Rxy Output Source Selection bits 11111 = Rxy source is DSM 11110 = Rxy source is CLKR 11101 = Rxy source is NCO1 11100 = Rxy source is TMR0 11011 = Reserved 11010 = Reserved 11001 = Rxy source is SDO1/SDA1 11000 = Rxy source is SCK1/SCL1(1) 10111 = Rxy source is C2(2) 10110 = Rxy source is C1 10101 = Rxy source is DT(1) 10100 = Reserved 10011 = Reserved 10010 = Reserved 10001 = Reserved 10000 = Reserved 01111 = Rxy source is CCP4 01110 = Rxy source is CCP3 01101 = Rxy source is CCP2 01100 = Rxy source is CCP1 01011 = Rxy source is CWG1D(1) 01010 = Rxy source is CWG1C(1) 01001 = Rxy source is CWG1B(1) 01000 = Rxy source is CWG1A(1) 00111 = Reserved 00110 = Reserved 00101 = Rxy source is CLC2OUT 00100 = Rxy source is CLC1OUT 00011 = Rxy source is PWM6 00010 = Rxy source is PWM5 00001 = Reserved 00000 = Reserved Note 1: 2: TRIS control is overridden by the peripheral as required. PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 145 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 13-3: PPSLOCK: PPS LOCK REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- PPSLOCKED bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 PPSLOCKED: PPS Locked bit 1= PPS is locked. PPS selections can not be changed. 0= PPS is not locked. PPS selections can be changed. TABLE 13-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PPS MODULE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on page PPSLOCK -- -- -- -- -- -- -- PPSLOCKED 146 INTPPS -- -- -- INTPPS<4:0> 144 T0CKIPPS -- -- -- T0CKIPPS<4:0> 144 T1CKIPPS -- -- -- T1CKIPPS<4:0> 144 T1GPPS -- -- -- T1GPPS<4:0> 144 CCP1PPS -- -- -- CCP1PPS<4:0> 144 CCP2PPS -- -- -- CCP2PPS<4:0> 144 CWG1PPS -- -- -- CWG1PPS<4:0> 144 MDCIN1PPS -- -- -- MDCIN1PPS<4:0> 144 MDCIN2PPS -- -- -- MDCIN2PPS<4:0> 144 MDMINPPS -- -- -- MDMINPPS<4:0> 144 SSP1CLKPPS -- -- -- SSP1CLKPPS<4:0> 144 SSP1DATPPS -- -- -- SSP1DATPPS<4:0> 144 SSP1SSPPS -- -- -- SSP1SSPPS<4:0> 144 Name RXPPS -- -- -- RXPPS<4:0> 144 CLCIN0PPS -- -- -- CLCIN0PPS<4:0> 144 CLCIN1PPS -- -- -- CLCIN1PPS<4:0> 144 CLCIN2PPS -- -- -- CLCIN2PPS<4:0> 144 CLCIN3PPS -- -- -- CLCIN3PPS<4:0> 144 RA0PPS -- -- -- RA0PPS<4:0> 145 RA1PPS -- -- -- RA1PPS<4:0> 145 RA2PPS -- -- -- RA2PPS<4:0> 145 RA4PPS -- -- -- RA4PPS<4:0> 145 RA5PPS -- -- -- RA5PPS<4:0> 145 Legend: -- = unimplemented, read as `0'. Shaded cells are unused by the PPS module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. DS40001799C-page 146 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 13-1: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PPS MODULE (CONTINUED) Bit 6 Bit 5 RC0PPS(1) -- -- -- RC0PPS<4:0> 145 RC1PPS (1) -- -- -- RC1PPS<4:0> 145 RC2PPS (1) -- -- -- RC2PPS<4:0> 145 RC3PPS(1) -- -- -- RC3PPS<4:0> 145 RC4PPS(1) -- -- -- RC4PPS<4:0> 145 (1) -- -- -- RC5PPS<4:0> 145 RC5PPS Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on page Bit 7 Legend: -- = unimplemented, read as `0'. Shaded cells are unused by the PPS module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 147 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 14.0 PERIPHERAL MODULE DISABLE 14.2 When the register bit is cleared, the module is reenabled and will be in its Reset state; SFR data will reflect the POR Reset values. The PIC16(L)F18313/18323 provides the ability to disable selected modules, placing them into the lowest possible power mode. Depending on the module, it may take up to one full instruction cycle for the module to become active. There should be no interaction with the module (e.g., writing to registers) for at least one instruction after it has been re-enabled. For legacy reasons, all modules are ON by default following any Reset. 14.1 Enabling a Module Disabling a Module Disabling a module has the following effects: 14.3 * All clock and control inputs to the module are suspended; there are no logic transitions, and the module will not function. * The module is held in Reset. - Writing to the SFRs is disabled - Reads return 00h * Analog outputs are disabled; Digital outputs read `0' Setting SYSCMD (PMD0, Register 14-1) disables the system clock (FOSC) distribution network to the peripherals. Not all peripherals make use of SYSCLK, so not all peripherals are affected. Refer to the specific peripheral description to see if it will be affected by this bit. REGISTER 14-1: System Clock Disable PMD0: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 SYSCMD FVRMD -- -- -- NVMMD CLKRMD IOCMD 7 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 SYSCMD: Disable Peripheral System Clock Network bit See description in Section 14.3 "System Clock Disable". 1 = System Clock network disabled (a.k.a. FOSC) 0 = System Clock network enabled bit 6 FVRMD: Disable Fixed Voltage Reference FVR bit 1 = FVR module disabled 0 = FVR module enabled bit 5-3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2 NVMMD: NVM Module Disable bit(1) 1 = Data EEPROM reading and writing is disabled; NVMCON registers cannot be written; FSR access to EEPROM returns zero. 0 = NVM module enabled bit 1 CLKRMD: Disable Clock Reference CLKR bit 1 = CLKR module disabled 0 = CLKR module enabled bit 0 IOCMD: Disable Interrupt-on-Change bit, All Ports 1 = IOC module(s) disabled 0 = IOC module(s) enabled Note 1: When enabling NVM, a delay of up to 1 s may be required before accessing data. DS40001799C-page 148 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 14-2: PMD1: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCOMD -- -- -- -- TMR2MD TMR1MD TMR0MD bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 NCOMD: Disable Numerically Control Oscillator bit 1 = NCO1 module disabled 0 = NCO1 module enabled bit 6-3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2 TMR2MD: Disable Timer TMR2 bit 1 = TMR2 module disabled 0 = TMR2 module enabled bit 1 TMR1MD: Disable Timer TMR1 bit 1 = TMR1 module disabled 0 = TMR1 module enabled bit 0 TMR0MD: Disable Timer TMR0 bit 1 = TMR0 module disabled 0 = TMR0 module enabled 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 149 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 14-3: PMD2: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 2 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 -- DACMD ADCMD -- -- CMP2MD(1) CMP1MD -- bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6 DACMD: Disable DAC bit 1 = DAC module disabled 0 = DAC module enabled bit 5 ADCMD: Disable ADC bit 1 = ADC module disabled 0 = ADC module enabled bit 4-3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2 CMP2MD: Disable Comparator C2 bit(1) 1 = Comparator C2 module disabled 0 = Comparator C2 module enabled bit 1 CMP1MD: Disable Comparator C1 bit 1 = Comparator C1 module disabled 0 = Comparator C1 module enabled bit 0 Unimplemented: Read as `0' Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. DS40001799C-page 150 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 14-4: PMD3: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 3 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- CWG1MD PWM6MD PWM5MD -- -- CCP2MD CCP1MD bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6 CWG1MD: Disable CWG1 bit 1 = CWG1 module disabled 0 = CWG1 module enabled bit 5 PWM6MD: Disable PWM6 bit 1 = PWM6 module disabled 0 = PWM6 module enabled bit 4 PWM5MD: Disable PWM5 bit 1 = PWM5 module disabled 0 = PWM5 module enabled bit 3-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1 CCP2MD: Disable CCP2 bit 1 = CCP2 module disabled 0 = CCP2 module enabled bit 0 CCP1MD: Disable CCP1 bit 1 = CCP1 module disabled 0 = CCP1 module enabled 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 151 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 14-5: PMD4: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 4 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 U-0 -- -- UART1MD -- -- -- MSSP1MD -- bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5 UART1MD: Disable EUSART1 bit 1 = EUSART1 module disabled 0 = EUSART1 module enabled bit 4-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1 MSSP1MD: Disable MSSP1 bit 1 = MSSP1 module disabled 0 = MSSP1 module enabled bit 0 Unimplemented: Read as `0' DS40001799C-page 152 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 14-6: PMD5: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 5 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- -- -- -- CLC2MD CLC1MD DSMMD bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2 CLC2MD: Disable CLC2 bit 1 = CLC2 module disabled 0 = CLC2 module enabled bit 1 CLC1MD: Disable CLC1 bit 1 = CLC1 module disabled 0 = CLC1 module enabled bit 0 DSMMD: Disable Data Signal Modulator bit 1 = DSM module disabled 0 = DSM module enabled 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 153 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 15.0 INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE All pins on all ports can be configured to operate as Interrupt-On-Change (IOC) pins. An interrupt can be generated by detecting a signal that has either a rising edge or a falling edge. Any individual pin, or combination of pins, can be configured to generate an interrupt. The interrupt-on-change module has the following features: * Interrupt-on-Change enable - Rising and falling edge detection * Individual pin configuration * Individual pin interrupt flags Figure 15-1 is a block diagram of the IOC module. 15.1 Enabling the Module To allow individual pins to generate an interrupt, the IOCIE bit of the PIE0 register must be set. If the IOCIE bit is disabled, the edge detection on the pin will still occur, but an interrupt will not be generated. 15.2 Individual Pin Configuration 15.3 The bits located in the IOCxF registers are status flags that correspond to the interrupt-on-change pins of each port. If an expected edge is detected on an appropriately enabled pin, then the status flag for that pin will be set, and an interrupt will be generated if the IOCIE bit is set. The IOCIF bit of the PIR0 register reflects the status of all IOCxF bits. 15.3.1 CLEARING INTERRUPT FLAGS The individual status flags, (IOCxF register bits), can be cleared by resetting them to zero. If another edge is detected during this clearing operation, the associated status flag will be set at the end of the sequence, regardless of the value actually being written. In order to ensure that no detected edge is lost while clearing flags, only AND operations masking out known changed bits should be performed. The following sequence is an example of what should be performed. EXAMPLE 15-1: For each pin, a rising edge detector and a falling edge detector are present. To enable a pin to detect a rising edge, the associated bit of the IOCxP register is set. To enable a pin to detect a falling edge, the associated bit of the IOCxN register is set. A pin can be configured to detect rising and falling edges simultaneously by setting the associated bits in both of the IOCxP and IOCxN registers. Interrupt Flags MOVLW XORWF ANDWF 15.4 CLEARING INTERRUPT FLAGS (PORTA EXAMPLE) 0xff IOCAF, W IOCAF, F Operation in Sleep The interrupt-on-change interrupt event will wake the device from Sleep mode, if the IOCIE bit is set. If an edge is detected while in Sleep mode, the affected IOCxF register will be updated prior to the first instruction executed out of Sleep. DS40001799C-page 154 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 15-1: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE BLOCK DIAGRAM (PORTA EXAMPLE) Rev. 10-000 037A 6/2/201 4 IOCANx D Q R Q4Q1 edge detect RAx IOCAPx D Q R data bus = 0 or 1 D S to data bus IOCAFx Q write IOCAFx IOCIE Q2 IOC interrupt to CPU core from all other IOCnFx individual pin detectors 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 155 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 15.5 Register Definitions: Interrupt-on-Change Control REGISTER 15-1: IOCAP: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTA POSITIVE EDGE REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- IOCAP5 IOCAP4 IOCAP3 IOCAP2 IOCAP1 IOCAP0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 IOCAP<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTA Positive Edge Enable bits 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a positive going edge. IOCAFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin REGISTER 15-2: IOCAN: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTA NEGATIVE EDGE REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- IOCAN5 IOCAN4 IOCAN3 IOCAN2 IOCAN1 IOCAN0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 IOCAN<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTA Negative Edge Enable bits 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a negative going edge. IOCAFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin DS40001799C-page 156 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 15-3: IOCAF: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTA FLAG REGISTER U-0 U-0 -- -- R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCAF5 IOCAF4 IOCAF3 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCAF2 IOCAF1 IOCAF0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS - Bit is set in hardware bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 IOCAF<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTA Flag bits 1 = An enabled change was detected on the associated pin Set when IOCAPx = 1 and a rising edge was detected on RAx, or when IOCANx = 1 and a falling edge was detected on RAx. 0 = No change was detected, or the user cleared the detected change. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 157 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 IOCCP: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTC POSITIVE EDGE REGISTER(1) REGISTER 15-4: U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 IOCCP<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Positive Edge Enable bits(1) 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a positive going edge. IOCCFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. IOCCN: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTC NEGATIVE EDGE REGISTER(1) REGISTER 15-5: U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCN3 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 IOCCN<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Negative Edge Enable bits(1) 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a negative going edge. IOCCFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. DS40001799C-page 158 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 15-6: IOCCF: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTC FLAG REGISTER(1) U-0 U-0 -- -- R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCCF5 IOCCF4 IOCCF3 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS - Bit is set in hardware bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 IOCCF<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Flag bits(1) 1 = An enabled change was detected on the associated pin. Set when IOCCPx = 1 and a rising edge was detected on RCx, or when IOCCNx = 1 and a falling edge was detected on RCx. 0 = No change was detected, or the user cleared the detected change. PIC16(L)F18323 only. Note 1: TABLE 15-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page -- -- ANSA4 ANSA4 -- ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 ANSELC -- -- ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 TRISA -- -- TRISA5 TRISA4 --(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 -- -- TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 GIE PEIE -- -- -- -- -- INTEDG 89 PIE0 -- -- TMR0IE IOCIE -- -- -- INTE 90 IOCAP -- -- IOCAP5 IOCAP4 IOCAP3 IOCAP2 IOCAP1 IOCAP0 156 IOCAN -- -- IOCAN5 IOCAN4 IOCAN3 IOCAN2 IOCAN1 IOCAN0 156 IOCAF -- -- IOCAF5 IOCAF4 IOCAF3 IOCAF2 IOCAF1 IOCAF0 157 (1) IOCCP -- -- IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 158 IOCCN(1) -- -- IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCN3 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 158 IOCCF(1) -- -- IOCCF5 IOCCF4 IOCCF3 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 159 Name ANSELA (1) TRISC (1) INTCON Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by interrupt-on-change. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as `1'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 159 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 16.0 FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE (FVR) 16.1 The output of the FVR, which is supplied to the ADC, Comparators and DAC, is routed through two independent programmable gain amplifiers. Each amplifier can be programmed for a gain of 1x, 2x or 4x, to produce the three possible voltage levels. The Fixed Voltage Reference, or FVR, is a stable voltage reference, independent of VDD, with 1.024V, 2.048V or 4.096V selectable output levels. The output of the FVR subsystem can be configured to supply a reference voltage to the following: * * * * The ADFVR<1:0> bits of the FVRCON register are used to enable and configure the gain amplifier settings for the reference supplied to the ADC module. Reference Section 22.0 "Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Module" for additional information. ADC input channel ADC positive reference Comparator positive input Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) The CDAFVR<1:0> bits of the FVRCON register are used to enable and configure the gain amplifier settings for the reference supplied to the DAC and comparator module. Reference Section 24.0 "5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module" and Section 18.0 "Comparator Module" for additional information. The FVR can be enabled by setting the FVREN bit of the FVRCON register. Note: Independent Gain Amplifiers Fixed Voltage Reference output cannot exceed VDD. 16.2 FVR Stabilization Period When the Fixed Voltage Reference module is enabled, it requires time for the reference and amplifier circuits to stabilize. See Table 35-16 for FVR start-up times. FIGURE 16-1: VOLTAGE REFERENCE BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000 053C 12/9/201 3 ADFVR<1:0> CDAFVR<1:0> FVREN Note 1 Note: DS40001799C-page 160 2 1x 2x 4x FVR_buffer1 (To ADC Module) 1x 2x 4x FVR_buffer2 (To Comparators and DAC) 2 + _ FVRRDY Any peripheral requiring the fixed reference (see Table 16-1). 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 16.3 Register Definitions: FVR Control REGISTER 16-1: R/W-0/0 FVREN FVRCON: FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER R-q/q R/W-0/0 (1) FVRRDY TSEN (3) R/W-0/0 TSRNG R/W-0/0 (3) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CDAFVR<1:0> bit 7 R/W-0/0 ADFVR<1:0> bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 FVREN: Fixed Voltage Reference Enable bit 1 = Fixed Voltage Reference is enabled 0 = Fixed Voltage Reference is disabled bit 6 FVRRDY: Fixed Voltage Reference Ready Flag bit(1) 1 = Fixed Voltage Reference output is ready for use 0 = Fixed Voltage Reference output is not ready or not enabled bit 5 TSEN: Temperature Indicator Enable bit(3) 1 = Temperature Indicator is enabled 0 = Temperature Indicator is disabled bit 4 TSRNG: Temperature Indicator Range Selection bit(3) 1 = VOUT = VDD - 4VT (High Range) 0 = VOUT = VDD - 2VT (Low Range) bit 3-2 CDAFVR<1:0>: Comparator FVR Buffer Gain Selection bits 11 = Comparator FVR Buffer Gain is 4x, (4.096V)(2) 10 = Comparator FVR Buffer Gain is 2x, (2.048V)(2) 01 = Comparator FVR Buffer Gain is 1x, (1.024V) 00 = Comparator FVR Buffer is off bit 1-0 ADFVR<1:0>: ADC FVR Buffer Gain Selection bit 11 = ADC FVR Buffer Gain is 4x, (4.096V)(2) 10 = ADC FVR Buffer Gain is 2x, (2.048V)(2) 01 = ADC FVR Buffer Gain is 1x, (1.024V) 00 = ADC FVR Buffer is off Note 1: 2: 3: FVRRDY is always `1'. Fixed Voltage Reference output cannot exceed VDD. See Section 17.0 "Temperature Indicator Module" for additional information. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 161 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 16-1: Name FVRCON SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 FVREN FVRRDY TSEN TSRNG ADCON0 ADCON1 Bit 3 Bit 2 CDAFVR<1:0> ADCS<2:0> CMxCON1 CxINTP CxINTN DAC1CON0 DAC1EN -- -- ADNREF CxPCH<2:0> DAC1OE -- Bit 0 ADFVR<1:0> GO/DONE CHS<5:0> ADFM Bit 1 ADON ADPREF<1:0> CxNCH<2:0> DAC1PPS<1:0> -- DAC1NSS Register on page 161 225 226 172 244 Legend: Shaded cells are not used with the Fixed Voltage Reference. DS40001799C-page 162 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 17.0 TEMPERATURE INDICATOR MODULE FIGURE 17-1: This family of devices is equipped with a temperature circuit designed to measure the operating temperature of the silicon die. The circuit's range of operating temperature falls between -40C and +85C. The output is a voltage that is proportional to the device temperature. The output of the temperature indicator is internally connected to the device ADC. VDD TSEN TSRNG The circuit may be used as a temperature threshold detector or a more accurate temperature indicator, depending on the level of calibration performed. A onepoint calibration allows the circuit to indicate a temperature closely surrounding that point. A two-point calibration allows the circuit to sense the entire range of temperature more accurately. Reference Application Note AN2092, "Using the Temperature Indicator Module" (DS00002092) for more details regarding the calibration process. 17.1 Circuit Operation Figure 17-1 shows a simplified block diagram of the temperature circuit. The proportional voltage output is achieved by measuring the forward voltage drop across multiple silicon junctions. Equation 17-1 describes the output characteristics of the temperature indicator. EQUATION 17-1: VOUT RANGES TEMPERATURE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM VOUT Temp. Indicator 17.2 To ADC Minimum Operating VDD When the temperature circuit is operated in low range, the device may be operated at any operating voltage that is within specifications. When the temperature circuit is operated in high range, the device operating voltage, VDD, must be high enough to ensure that the temperature circuit is correctly biased. Table 17-1 shows the recommended minimum VDD vs. range setting. High Range: VOUT = VDD - 4VT Low Range: VOUT = VDD - 2VT The temperature sense circuit is integrated with the Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) module. See Section 16.0 "Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)" for more information. The circuit is enabled by setting the TSEN bit of the FVRCON register. When disabled, the circuit draws no current. The circuit operates in either high or low range. The high range, selected by setting the TSRNG bit of the FVRCON register, provides a wider output voltage. This provides more resolution over the temperature range. This range requires a higher bias voltage to operate and thus, a higher VDD is needed. TABLE 17-1: RECOMMENDED VDD VS. RANGE Min. VDD, TSRNG = 1 Min. VDD, TSRNG = 0 3.6V 1.8V 17.3 Temperature Output The output of the circuit is measured using the internal Analog-to-Digital Converter. A channel is provided for the temperature circuit output. Refer to Section 22.0 "Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Module" for detailed information. The low range is selected by clearing the TSRNG bit of the FVRCON register. The low range generates a lower voltage drop and thus, a lower VDD voltage is needed to operate the circuit. The low range is provided for low voltage operation. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 163 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 17.4 ADC Acquisition Time To ensure accurate temperature measurements, the user must wait at least 200 s after the ADC input multiplexer is connected to the temperature indicator output before the conversion is performed. TABLE 17-2: Name FVRCON SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TEMPERATURE INDICATOR Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 FVREN FVRRDY TSEN TSRNG Bit 3 Bit 2 CDAFVR<1:0> Bit 1 Bit 0 ADFVR<1:0> Register on page 161 Legend: Shaded cells are unused by the temperature indicator module. DS40001799C-page 164 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 18.0 COMPARATOR MODULE Comparators are used to interface analog circuits to a digital circuit by comparing two analog voltages and providing a digital indication of their relative magnitudes. Comparators are very useful mixed signal building blocks because they provide analog functionality independent of program execution. The analog comparator module includes the following features: * Programmable input selection - Selectable voltage reference * Programmable output polarity * Rising/falling output edge interrupts * Wake-up from Sleep * CWG Auto-shutdown source 18.1 Comparator Overview A single comparator is shown in Figure 18-1 along with the relationship between the analog input levels and the digital output. When the analog voltage at VIN+ is less than the analog voltage at VIN-, the output of the comparator is a digital low level. When the analog voltage at VIN+ is greater than the analog voltage at VIN-, the output of the comparator is a digital high level. The comparators available for this device are located in Table 18-1. TABLE 18-1: AVAILABLE COMPARATORS Device C1 PIC16(L)F18313 PIC16(L)F18323 FIGURE 18-1: C2 SINGLE COMPARATOR VIN+ + VIN- - Output VINVIN+ Output Note: The black areas of the output of the comparator represents the uncertainty due to input offsets and response time. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 165 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 18-2: COMPARATOR MODULE SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000027M 9/20/2016 CxNCH<2:0> 3 CxON(1) CxIN0- 000 CxIN1- 001 CxIN2- 010 CxIN3- 011 Reserved 100 Reserved 101 FVR_buffer2 110 CxON(1) CxVN Interrupt Rising Edge CxINTP Interrupt Falling Edge CxINTN set bit CxIF - D MCxOUT Cx CxVP 111 + Q1 CxSP CxHYS CxPOL CxOUT_sync Reserved 001 Reserved 010 Reserved 011 Reserved 100 DAC_output 101 FVR_buffer2 110 to peripherals CxSYNC 000 CxIN0+ CxOUT Q TRIS bit 0 PPS D (From Timer1 Module) T1CLK Q CxOUT 1 RxyPPS 111 CxPCH<2:0> 2 Note 1: DS40001799C-page 166 CxON(1) When CxON = 0, all multiplexer inputs are disconnected and the Comparator will produce a `0' at the output. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 18.2 Comparator Control Each comparator has two control registers: CMxCON0 and CMxCON1. The CMxCON0 register (see Register 18-1) contains Control and Status bits for the following: * * * * * Enable Output Output polarity Hysteresis enable Timer1 output synchronization The CMxCON1 register (see Register 18-2) contains Control bits for the following: * Interrupt on positive/negative edge enables * Positive input channel selection * Negative input channel selection 18.2.1 COMPARATOR OUTPUT POLARITY Inverting the output of the comparator is functionally equivalent to swapping the comparator inputs. The polarity of the comparator output can be inverted by setting the CxPOL bit of the CMxCON0 register. Clearing the CxPOL bit results in a non-inverted output. Table 18-2 shows the output state versus input conditions, including polarity control. TABLE 18-2: COMPARATOR OUTPUT STATE VS. INPUT CONDITIONS Input Condition CxPOL CxOUT CxVN > CxVP 0 0 CxVN < CxVP 0 1 CxVN > CxVP 1 1 CxVN < CxVP 1 0 COMPARATOR ENABLE Setting the CxON bit of the CMxCON0 register enables the comparator for operation. Clearing the CxON bit disables the comparator resulting in minimum current consumption. 18.2.2 18.2.3 COMPARATOR OUTPUT The output of the comparator can be monitored by reading either the CxOUT bit of the CMxCON0 register or the MCxOUT bit of the CMOUT register. The comparator output can also be routed to an external pin through the RxyPPS register (Register 13-2). The corresponding TRIS bit must be clear to enable the pin as an output. Note 1: The internal output of the comparator is latched with each instruction cycle. Unless otherwise specified, external outputs are not latched. 18.3 Comparator Hysteresis A selectable amount of separation voltage can be added to the input pins of each comparator to provide a hysteresis function to the overall operation. Hysteresis is enabled by setting the CxHYS bit of the CMxCON0 register. See Comparator Specifications in Table 35-14 for more information. 18.4 Timer1 Gate Operation The output resulting from a comparator operation can be used as a source for gate control of Timer1. See Section 27.5 "Timer1 Gate" for more information. This feature is useful for timing the duration or interval of an analog event. It is recommended that the comparator output be synchronized to Timer1. This ensures that Timer1 does not increment while a change in the comparator is occurring. 18.4.1 COMPARATOR OUTPUT SYNCHRONIZATION The output from a comparator can be synchronized with Timer1 by setting the CxSYNC bit of the CMxCON0 register. Once enabled, the comparator output is latched on the falling edge of the Timer1 source clock. This allows the timer/counter to synchronize with the CxOUT bit so that the software sees no ambiguity due to timing. See the Comparator Block Diagram (Figure 18-2) and the Timer1 Block Diagram (Figure 27-1) for more information. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 167 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 18.5 Comparator Interrupt An interrupt can be generated when either the rising edge or falling edge detector detects a change in the output value of each comparator. When either edge detector is triggered and its associated enable bit is set (CxINTP and/or CxINTN bits of the CMxCON1 register), the Corresponding Interrupt Flag bit (CxIF bit of the PIR2 register) will be set. To enable the interrupt, you must set the following bits: * CxON bit of the CMxCON0 register * CxIE bit of the PIE2 register * CxINTP bit of the CMxCON1 register (for a rising edge detection) * CxINTN bit of the CMxCON1 register (for a falling edge detection) * PEIE and GIE bits of the INTCON register The associated interrupt flag bit, CxIF bit of the PIR2 register, must be cleared in software. If another edge is detected while this flag is being cleared, the flag will still be set at the end of the sequence. Note: 18.6 Although a comparator is disabled, an interrupt can be generated by changing the output polarity with the CxPOL bit of the CMxCON0 register, or by switching the comparator on or off with the CxON bit of the CMxCON0 register. 18.7 Comparator Negative Input Selection The CxNCH<2:0> bits of the CMxCON1 register direct an analog input pin and internal reference voltage or analog ground to the inverting input of the comparator: * CxIN- pin * FVR (Fixed Voltage Reference) * Analog Ground Note: 18.8 To use CxINy+ and CxINy- pins as analog input, the appropriate bits must be set in the ANSEL register and the corresponding TRIS bits must also be set to disable the output drivers. Comparator Response Time The comparator output is indeterminate for a period of time after the change of an input source or the selection of a new reference voltage. This period is referred to as the response time. The response time of the comparator differs from the settling time of the voltage reference. Therefore, both of these times must be considered when determining the total response time to a comparator input change. See the Comparator and Voltage Reference Specifications in Table 35-14 for more details. Comparator Positive Input Selection Configuring the CxPCH<2:0> bits of the CMxCON1 register directs an internal voltage reference or an analog pin to the non-inverting input of the comparator: * * * * CxIN0+ analog pin DAC output FVR (Fixed Voltage Reference) VSS (Ground) See Section 16.0 "Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)" for more information on the Fixed Voltage Reference module. See Section 24.0 "5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module" for more information on the DAC input signal. Any time the comparator is disabled (CxON = 0), all comparator inputs are disabled. DS40001799C-page 168 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 18.9 Analog Input Connection Considerations A simplified circuit for an analog input is shown in Figure 18-3. Since the analog input pins share their connection with a digital input, they have reverse biased ESD protection diodes to VDD and VSS. The analog input, therefore, must be between VSS and VDD. If the input voltage deviates from this range by more than 0.6V in either direction, one of the diodes is forward biased and a latch-up may occur. Note 1: When reading a PORT register, all pins configured as analog inputs will read as a `0'. Pins configured as digital inputs will provide an input based on their level as either a TTL or ST input buffer. 2: Analog levels on any pin defined as a digital input, may cause the input buffer to consume more current than is specified. A maximum source impedance of 10 k is recommended for the analog sources. Also, any external component connected to an analog input pin, such as a capacitor or a Zener diode, should have very little leakage current to minimize inaccuracies introduced. FIGURE 18-3: ANALOG INPUT MODEL VDD Rs < 10K Analog Input pin VT 0.6V RIC To Comparator VA CPIN 5 pF VT 0.6V ILEAKAGE(1) Vss Legend: CPIN = Input Capacitance ILEAKAGE = Leakage Current at the pin due to various junctions = Interconnect Resistance RIC RS = Source Impedance = Analog Voltage VA = Threshold Voltage VT Note 1: See I/O Ports in Table 35-4. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 169 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 18.10 CWG Auto-shutdown Source The output of the comparator module can be used as an auto-shutdown source for the CWG module. When the output of the comparator is active and the corresponding ASxE is enabled, the CWG operation will be suspended immediately (Section 20.7.1.2 "External Input Source Shutdown"). 18.11 Operation in Sleep Mode The comparator module can operate during Sleep. The comparator clock source is based on the Timer1 clock source. If the Timer1 clock source is either the system clock (FOSC) or the instruction clock (FOSC/4), Timer1 will not operate during Sleep, and synchronized comparator outputs will not operate. A comparator interrupt will wake the device from Sleep. The CxIE bits of the PIE2 register must be set to enable comparator interrupts. DS40001799C-page 170 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 18.12 Register Definitions: Comparator Control REGISTER 18-1: CMxCON0: COMPARATOR Cx CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 R-0/0 CxON CxOUT U-0 R/W-0/0 -- CxPOL U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- CxSP CxHYS CxSYNC bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 CxON: Comparator Enable bit 1 = Comparator is enabled 0 = Comparator is disabled and consumes no active power bit 6 CxOUT: Comparator Output bit If CxPOL = 1 (inverted polarity): 1 = CxVP < CxVN 0 = CxVP > CxVN If CxPOL = 0 (non-inverted polarity): 1 = CxVP > CxVN 0 = CxVP < CxVN bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4 CxPOL: Comparator Output Polarity Select bit 1 = Comparator output is inverted 0 = Comparator output is not inverted bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2 CxSP: Comparator Speed/Power Select bit 1 = Comparator operates in Normal-Power, High-Speed mode 0 = Reserved. (do not use) bit 1 CxHYS: Comparator Hysteresis Enable bit 1 = Comparator hysteresis enabled 0 = Comparator hysteresis disabled bit 0 CxSYNC: Comparator Output Synchronous Mode bit 1 = Comparator output to Timer1 and I/O pin is synchronous to changes on Timer1 clock source. Output updated on the falling edge of Timer1 clock source. 0 = Comparator output to Timer1 and I/O pin is asynchronous 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 171 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 18-2: CMxCON1: COMPARATOR Cx CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CxINTP CxINTN R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CxPCH<2:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CxNCH<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 CxINTP: Comparator Interrupt on Positive Going Edge Enable bits 1 = The CxIF interrupt flag will be set upon a positive going edge of the CxOUT bit 0 = No interrupt flag will be set on a positive going edge of the CxOUT bit bit 6 CxINTN: Comparator Interrupt on Negative Going Edge Enable bits 1 = The CxIF interrupt flag will be set upon a negative going edge of the CxOUT bit 0 = No interrupt flag will be set on a negative going edge of the CxOUT bit bit 5-3 CxPCH<2:0>: Comparator Positive Input Channel Select bits 111 = CxVP connects to VSS 110 = CxVP connects to FVR Buffer 2 101 = CxVP connects to DAC output 100 = CxVP unconnected 011 = CxVP unconnected 010 = CxVP unconnected 001 = CxVN unconnected 000 = CxVP connects to CxIN0+ pin bit 2-0 CxNCH<2:0>: Comparator Negative Input Channel Select bits 111 = CxVN connects to VSS 110 = CxVN connects to FVR Buffer 2 101 = CxVN unconnected 100 = CxVN unconnected 011 = CxVN connects to CxIN3- pin(1) 010 = CxVN connects to CxIN2- pin(1) 001 = CxVN connects to CxIN1- pin 000 = CxVN connects to CxIN0- pin Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. DS40001799C-page 172 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 18-3: U-0 CMOUT: COMPARATOR OUTPUT REGISTER U-0 -- U-0 -- U-0 -- U-0 -- U-0 -- R-0/0 R-0/0 (1) MC2OUT -- MC1OUT bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1 MC2OUT: Mirror Copy of C2OUT bit(1) bit 0 MC1OUT: Mirror Copy of C1OUT bit PIC16(L)F18323 only. Note 1: TABLE 18-3: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPARATOR MODULE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 TRISA TRISA5 TRISA4 TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 TRISC(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 CMxCON0 CxON CxOUT CxPOL CxSP CxHYS CxSYNC 171 CMxCON1 CxINTP CxINTN MC2OUT(1) Name ANSELA ANSELC (1) CMOUT FVRCON CxPCH<2:0> CxNCH<2:0> FVREN FVRRDY TSEN TSRNG CDAFVR<1:0> DACCON0 DAC1EN DAC1OE DAC1PSS<1:0> DACCON1 172 MC1OUT ADFVR<1:0> DAC1NSS DAC1R<4:0> 173 161 244 245 GIE PEIE INTEDG 89 PIE2 C2IE(1) C1IE NVMIE NCO1IE 92 PIR2 C2IF(1) C1IF NVMIF NCO1IF 97 INTCON CLCINxPPS CLCINxPPS<4:0> 144 MDMINPPS MDMINPPS<4:0> 144 T1GPPS CWG1AS1 Legend: Note 1: T1GPPS<4:0> AS3E AS2E AS1E 144 AS0E 199 -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are unused by the comparator module. PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 173 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 19.0 PULSE-WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) The PWMx modules generate Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signals of varying frequency and duty cycle. In addition to the CCP modules, the PIC16(L)F18313/18323 devices contain two PWM modules. Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) is a scheme that provides power to a load by switching quickly between fully on and fully off states. The PWM signal resembles a square wave where the high portion of the signal is considered the `on' state (pulse width), and the low portion of the signal is considered the `off' state. The term duty cycle describes the proportion of the `on' time to the `off' time and is expressed in percentages, where 0% is fully off and 100% is fully on. A lower duty cycle corresponds to less power applied and a higher duty cycle corresponds to more power applied. The PWM period is defined as the duration of one complete cycle or the total amount of on and off time combined. 19.1 Standard PWM Mode The standard PWM mode generates a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal on the PWMx pin with up to ten bits of resolution. The period, duty cycle, and resolution are controlled by the following registers: * * * * * TMR2 register PR2 register PWMxCON registers PWMxDCH registers PWMxDCL registers Figure 29-2, "Compare Mode Operation Block Diagram" shows a simplified block diagram of the PWM operation. If PWMPOL = 0, the default state of the output is `0`. If PWMPOL = 1, the default state is `1'. If PWMEN = `0', the output will be the default state. Note: The corresponding TRIS bit must be cleared to enable the PWM output on the PWMx pin PWM resolution defines the maximum number of steps that can be present in a single PWM period. A higher resolution allows for more precise control of the pulse width time and in turn the power that is applied to the load. Figure 19-1 shows a typical waveform of the PWM signal. FIGURE 19-1: PWM OUTPUT Period Pulse Width TMR2 = PR2 TMR2 = PWMDC TMR2 = 0 DS40001799C-page 174 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 19-2: SIMPLIFIED PWM BLOCK DIAGRAM Duty Cycle registers PWMDCL<7:6> PWMDCH Comparator TMR2 R Q S Q PWMx R Output Polarity (PWMPOL) Comparator PR2 19.1.1 PWM PERIOD Referring to Figure 19-1, the PWM output has a period and a pulse width. The frequency of the PWM is the inverse of the period (1/period). The PWM period is specified by writing to the PR2 register. The PWM period can be calculated using the following formula: EQUATION 19-1: PWM PERIOD PWM Period = PR2 + 1 4 T OSC (TMR2 Prescale Value) Note: TOSC = 1/FOSC 19.1.2 PWM DUTY CYCLE The PWM duty cycle is specified by writing a 10-bit value to the PWMxDC register. The PWMxDCH contains the eight MSbs and bits <7:6> of the PWMxDCL register contain the two LSbs. The PWMDC register is double-buffered and can be updated at any time. This double buffering is essential for glitch-free PWM operation. New values take effect when TMR2 = PR2. Note that PWMDC is left-justified. The 8-bit timer TMR2 register is concatenated with either the 2-bit internal system clock (FOSC), or two bits of the prescaler, to create the 10-bit time base. The system clock is used if the Timer2 prescaler is set to 1:1. When TMR2 is equal to PR2, the following three events occur on the next increment cycle: Equation 19-2 is used to calculate the PWM pulse width. * TMR2 is cleared * The PWMx pin is set (Exception: If the PWM duty cycle = 0%, the pin will not be set.) * The PWM pulse width is latched from PWMxDC. Equation 19-3 is used to calculate the PWM duty cycle ratio. Note: If the pulse width value is greater than the period the assigned PWM pin(s) will remain unchanged. EQUATION 19-2: PULSE WIDTH Pulse Width = PWMxDC T OSC (TMR2 Prescale Value) EQUATION 19-3: DUTY CYCLE RATIO PWMxDC Duty Cycle Ratio = ------------------------------4 PR2 + 1 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 175 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 19.1.3 PWM RESOLUTION PWM resolution, expressed in number of bits, defines the maximum number of discrete steps that can be present in a single PWM period. For example, a 10-bit resolution will result in 1024 discrete steps, whereas an 8-bit resolution will result in 256 discrete steps. The maximum PWM resolution is ten bits when PR2 is 255. The resolution is a function of the PR2 register value as shown by Equation 19-4. EQUATION 19-4: log 4 PR2 + 1 Resolution = ----------------------------------------- bits log 2 Note: 19.1.4 If the pulse width value is greater than the period the assigned PWM pin(s) will remain unchanged. OPERATION IN SLEEP MODE In Sleep mode, the TMR2 register will not increment and the state of the module will not change. If the PWMx pin is driving a value, it will continue to drive that value. When the device wakes up, TMR2 will continue from its previous state. 19.1.5 CHANGES IN SYSTEM CLOCK FREQUENCY The PWM frequency is derived from the system clock frequency. Any changes in the system clock frequency will result in changes to the PWM frequency. See Section 7.0, Oscillator Module for additional details. 19.1.6 EFFECTS OF RESET 19.1.7 SETUP FOR PWM OPERATION The following steps should be taken when configuring the module for using the PWMx outputs: 1. Disable the PWMx pin output driver(s) by setting the associated TRIS bit(s). 2. Configure the PWM output polarity by configuring the PWMxPOL bit of the PWMxCON register. 3. Load the PR2 register with the PWM period value, as determined by Equation 19-1. 4. Load the PWMxDCH register and bits <7:6> of the PWMxDCL register with the PWM duty cycle value, as determined by Equation 19-2. 5. Configure and start Timer2: * Clear the TMR2IF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register. * Select the Timer2 prescale value by configuring the T2CKPS bit of the T2CON register. * Enable Timer2 by setting the TMR2ON bit of the T2CON register. 6. Wait until the TMR2IF is set. 7. When the TMR2IF flag bit is set: * Clear the associated TRIS bit(s) to enable the output driver. * Route the signal to the desired pin by configuring the RxyPPS register. * Enable the PWMx module by setting the PWMxEN bit of the PWMxCON register. In order to send a complete duty cycle and period on the first PWM output, the above steps must be followed in the order given. If it is not critical to start with a complete PWM signal, then the PWM module can be enabled during Step 2 by setting the PWMxEN bit of the PWMxCON register. Any Reset will force all ports to Input mode and the PWMx registers to their Reset states. DS40001799C-page 176 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 19.2 Register Definitions: PWM Control REGISTER 19-1: PWMxCON: PWM CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 R-0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 PWMxEN -- PWMxOUT PWMxPOL -- -- -- -- bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 PWMxEN: PWM Module Enable bit 1 = PWM module is enabled 0 = PWM module is disabled bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5 PWMxOUT: PWM Module Output Level when bit is read. bit 4 PWMxPOL: PWMx Output Polarity Select bit 1 = PWM output is active-low. 0 = PWM output is active-high. bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as `0' REGISTER 19-2: R/W-x/u PWMxDCH: PWM DUTY CYCLE HIGH BITS R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u PWMxDC<9:2> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 PWMxDC<9:2>: PWM Duty Cycle Most Significant bits These bits are the MSbs of the PWM duty cycle. The two LSbs are found in PWMxDCL Register. REGISTER 19-3: R/W-x/u PWMxDCL: PWM DUTY CYCLE LOW BITS R/W-x/u U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- -- -- -- PWMxDC<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 PWMxDC<1:0>: PWM Duty Cycle Least Significant bits These bits are the LSbs of the PWM duty cycle. The MSbs are found in PWMxDCH Register. bit 5-0 Unimplemented: Read as `0' 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 177 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 19-1: EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS (FOSC = 20 MHz) PWM Frequency Timer Prescale PR2 Value Maximum Resolution (bits) TABLE 19-2: 1.22 kHz 4.88 kHz 19.53 kHz 78.12 kHz 156.3 kHz 208.3 kHz 16 4 1 1 1 1 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0x3F 0x1F 0x17 10 10 10 8 7 6.6 EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS (FOSC = 8 MHz) PWM Frequency Timer Prescale PR2 Value Maximum Resolution (bits) DS40001799C-page 178 1.22 kHz 4.90 kHz 19.61 kHz 76.92 kHz 153.85 kHz 200.0 kHz 16 4 1 1 1 1 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0x3F 0x1F 0x17 10 10 10 8 7 6.6 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 19-3: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PWMx Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA -- -- TRISA5 TRISA4 --(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSELA -- -- ANSA5 ANSA4 -- ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 Name TRISC(1) -- -- TRISC5 ANSELC(1) -- -- ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 -- PWM5OUT PWM5POL -- -- -- -- 177 PWM5CON PWM5EN PWM5DCH PWM5DCL PWM5DC<9:2> PWM5DC<1:0> PWM6CON PWM6EN -- 177 -- -- -- -- -- -- 177 PWM6OUT PWM6POL -- -- -- -- 177 PWM6DCH PWM6DC<9:2> 177 PWM6DCL PWM6DC<1:0> -- -- -- -- -- -- 177 INTCON GIE PEIE -- -- -- -- -- INTEDG 89 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 96 PIR2 -- C2IF(1) C1IF NVMIF -- -- -- NCO1IF 97 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 91 PIE2 -- C2IE(1) C1IE NVMIE -- -- NCO1IE T2CON -- T2OUTPS<3:0> TMR2 -- TMR2ON T2CKPS<1:0> TMR2<7:0> PR2 280 PR2<7:0> CWG1DAT -- -- CLCxSELy -- -- MDSRC -- -- -- MDCARH -- MDCHPOL MDCHSYN C MDCARL -- MDCLPOL MDCLSYNC -- 92 279 280 DAT<3:0> 196 -- MDMS<3:0> 253 -- MDCH<3:0> 254 -- MDCL<3:0> 255 -- LCxDyS<5:0> 210 Legend: - = Unimplemented locations, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by the PWM module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as `1'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 179 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.0 COMPLEMENTARY WAVEFORM GENERATOR (CWG) MODULE The Complementary Waveform Generator (CWG1) produces complementary waveforms with dead-band delay from a selection of input sources. The CWG1 module has the following features: * * * * * Selectable dead-band clock source control Selectable input sources Output enable control Output polarity control Dead-band control with independent 6-bit rising and falling edge dead-band counters * Auto-shutdown control with: - Selectable shutdown sources - Auto-restart enable - Auto-shutdown pin override control 20.2 The CWG1 module can operate in six different modes, as specified by the MODE<2:0> bits of the CWG1CON0 register: * * * * * * Half-Bridge mode Push-Pull mode Asynchronous Steering mode Synchronous Steering mode Full-Bridge mode, Forward Full-Bridge mode, Reverse All modes accept a single pulse data input, and provide up to four outputs as described in the following sections. All modes include auto-shutdown control as described in Section 20.11 "Register Definitions: CWG Control" Note: 20.1 Fundamental Operation The CWG generates two output waveforms from the selected input source. The off-to-on transition of each output can be delayed from the on-to-off transition of the other output, thereby, creating a time delay immediately where neither output is driven. This is referred to as dead time and is covered in Section 20.6 "Dead-Band Control". It may be necessary to guard against the possibility of circuit faults or a feedback event arriving too late or not at all. In this case, the active drive must be terminated before the Fault condition causes damage. This is referred to as auto-shutdown and is covered in Section 20.7 "Auto-Shutdown Control". FIGURE 20-1: Operating Modes 20.2.1 Except as noted for Full-bridge mode (Section 20.2.4 "Full-Bridge Modes"), mode changes should only be performed while EN = 0 (Register 20-1). HALF-BRIDGE MODE In Half-Bridge mode, two output signals are generated as true and inverted versions of the input as illustrated in Figure 20-1. A non-overlap (dead-band) time is inserted between the two outputs as described in Section 20.6 "Dead-Band Control". Steering modes are not used in Half-Bridge mode. The unused outputs, CWG1C and CWG1D, drive similar signals with polarity independently controlled by POLC and POLD, respectively. CWG1 HALF-BRIDGE MODE OPERATION CWG[ clock Input source CWG[B Falling Event Dead Band DS40001799C-page 180 Rising Event Dead Band Rising Event Dead Band Rising Event Dead Band CWG[A Falling Event Dead Band Falling Event Dead Band 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.2.2 PUSH-PULL MODE In Push-Pull mode, two output signals are generated, alternating copies of the input as illustrated in Figure 20-2. This alternation creates the push-pull effect required for driving some transformer based power supply designs. Dead-band control is not used in Push-Pull mode. Steering modes are not used in Push-Pull mode. The push-pull sequencer is reset whenever EN = 0 or if an auto-shutdown event occurs. The sequencer is clocked by the first input pulse, and the first output appears on CWG1A. The unused outputs CWG1C and CWG1D drive copies of CWG1A and CWG1B, respectively, but with polarity controlled by POLC and POLD. FIGURE 20-2: CWG1 PUSH-PULL MODE OPERATION CWG[ clock Input source CWG[A CWG[B 20.2.3 STEERING MODES In both Synchronous and Asynchronous Steering modes, the modulated input signal can be steered to any combination of four CWG outputs and a fixed-value will be presented on all the outputs not used for the PWM output. Each output has independent polarity, steering, and shutdown options. Dead-band control is not used in either Steering mode. When STRy = 0 (Register 20-5), the corresponding pin is held at the level defined by SDATy (Register 20-5). When STRy = 1, the pin is driven by the modulated input signal. The POLy bits (Register 20-2) control the signal polarity only when STRy = 1. The CWG auto-shutdown operation also applies to Steering modes as described in Section 20.11 "Register Definitions: CWG Control". Note: Only the STRy bits are synchronized; the DATy (data) bits are not synchronized. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 181 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.2.3.1 Synchronous Steering Mode In Synchronous Steering mode (MODE<2:0> bits = 001, Register 20-1), changes to steering selection registers take effect on the next rising edge of the modulated data input (Figure 20-3). In Synchronous Steering mode, the output will always produce a complete waveform. FIGURE 20-3: EXAMPLE OF SYNCHRONOUS STEERING (MODE<2:0> = 001) Rising edge of input Rising edge of input CWG[ INPUT WGSTRA CWG[A CWG[A follows CWG[ input 20.2.3.2 Asynchronous Steering Mode In Asynchronous mode (MODE<2:0> bits = 000, Register 20-1), steering takes effect at the end of the instruction cycle that writes to CWG1STR. In Asynchronous Steering mode, the output signal may be an incomplete waveform (Register 20-4). This operation may be useful when the user firmware needs to immediately remove a signal from the output pin. FIGURE 20-4: EXAMPLE OF ASYNCHRONOUS STEERING (MODE<2:0> = 000) CWG[ INPUT End of Instruction Cycle End of Instruction Cycle WGSTRA CWG[A CWG[A follows CWG[ input 20.2.3.3 Start-up Considerations The application hardware must use the proper external pull-up and/or pull-down resistors on the CWG output pins. This is required because all I/O pins are forced to high-impedance at Reset. The POLy bits (Register 20-2) allow the user to choose whether the output signals are active-high or activelow. DS40001799C-page 182 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.2.4 FULL-BRIDGE MODES In Forward and Reverse Full-Bridge modes, three outputs drive static values while the fourth is modulated by the data input. Dead-band control is described in Section 20.2.3 "Steering Modes" and Section 20.6 "Dead-Band Control". Steering modes are not used with either of the Full-Bridge modes. The mode selection may be toggled between forward and reverse (changing MODE<2:0>) without clearing EN. When connected as shown in Figure 20-5, the outputs are appropriate for a full-bridge motor driver. Each CWG output signal has independent polarity control, so the circuit can be adapted to high-active and low-active drivers. FIGURE 20-5: EXAMPLE OF FULL-BRIDGE APPLICATION V+ FET Driver QA QC FET Driver CWG[A CWG[B Load CWG[C FET Driver FET Driver CWG[D QB QD V- 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 183 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.2.4.1 Full-Bridge Forward Mode 20.2.4.2 In Full-Bridge Forward mode (MODE<2:0> = 010), CWG1A is driven to its active state and CWG1D is modulated while CWG1B and CWG1C are driven to their inactive state, as illustrated at the top of Figure 20-6. FIGURE 20-6: Full-Bridge Reverse Mode In Full-Bridge Reverse mode (MODE<2:0> = 011), CWG1C is driven to its active state and CWG1B is modulated while CWG1A and CWG1D are driven to their inactive state, as illustrated at the bottom of Figure 20-6. EXAMPLE OF FULL-BRIDGE OUTPUT Forward Mode Period CWG[A(2) CWG[B(2) CWG[C(2) Pulse Width CWG[D(2) (1) Reverse Mode (1) Period CWG[A(2) Pulse Width CWG[B(2) CWG[C(2) CWG[D(2) (1) (1) Note 1: A rising CWG data input creates a rising event on the modulated output. 2: Output signals shown as active-high; all POLy bits are clear. 20.2.4.3 Direction Change in Full-Bridge Mode In Full-Bridge mode, changing MODE<2:0> controls the forward/reverse direction. Changes to MODE<2:0> change to the new direction on the next rising edge of the modulated input. A direction change is initiated in software by changing the MODE<2:0> bits of the CWG1CON0 register. The sequence is illustrated in Figure 20-7. DS40001799C-page 184 * The associated active output CWG1A and the inactive output CWG1C are switched to drive in the opposite direction. * The previously modulated output CWG1D is switched to the inactive state, and the previously inactive output CWG1B begins to modulate. * CWG modulation resumes after the direction-switch dead band has elapsed. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.2.4.4 Dead-Band Delay in Full-Bridge Mode Dead-band delay is important when either of the following conditions is true: 1. 2. The direction of the CWG output changes when the duty cycle of the data input is at or near 100%, or The turn-off time of the power switch, including the power device and driver circuit, is greater than the turn-on time. The dead-band delay is inserted only when changing directions, and only the modulated output is affected. The statically-configured outputs (CWG1A and CWG1C) are not afforded dead band, and switch essentially simultaneously. FIGURE 20-7: Figure 20-7 shows an example of the CWG outputs changing directions from forward to reverse, at near 100% duty cycle. In this example, at time t1, the output of CWG1A and CWG1D become inactive, while output CWG1C becomes active. Since the turn-off time of the power devices is longer than the turn-on time, a shootthrough current will flow through power devices QC and QD for the duration of `t'. The same phenomenon will occur to power devices QA and QB for the CWG direction change from reverse to forward. If changing the CWG direction at high duty cycle is required for an application, two possible solutions for eliminating the shoot-through current are: 1. Reduce the CWG duty cycle for one period before changing directions. 2. Use switch drivers that can drive the switches off faster than they can drive them on. EXAMPLE OF PWM DIRECTION CHANGE AT NEAR 100% DUTY CYCLE Forward Period t1 Reverse Period CWG[A CWG[B Pulse Width CWG[C CWG[D Pulse Width TON External Switch C TOFF External Switch D Potential ShootThrough Current 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. T = TOFF - TON DS40001799C-page 185 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 20-8: SIMPLIFIED CWG1 BLOCK DIAGRAM (HALF-BRIDGE MODE, MODE<2:0> = 100) Rev. 10-000209A 10/16/2014 LSAC<1:0> `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 Rising Dead-Band Block CWG CLOCK clock cwg data 1 cwg data A data out data in 0 CWGxA POLA LSBD<1:0> `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 Falling Dead-Band Block clock 1 cwg data B data out data in LSAC<1:0> cwg data CWG DATA INPUT D 0 CWGxB POLB `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 Q E 11 EN 1 0 CWGxC POLC AS0E CWGxPPS AS1E C1OUT AS2E C2OUT LSBD<1:0> Autoshutdown source AS3E CLC2 AS4E CLC4 SHUTDOWN = 1 `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 S Q 1 R POLD 0 CWGxD REN SHUTDOWN = 0 SHUTDOWN FREEZE D Q cwg data DS40001799C-page 186 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 20-9: SIMPLIFIED CWG BLOCK DIAGRAM (PUSH-PULL MODE, MODE <2:0> = 101) Rev. 10-000210A 10/16/2014 LSAC<1:0> `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 1 cwg data A cwg data 0 CWGxA POLA LSBD<1:0> D Q `1' 00 Q `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 1 cwg data B 0 CWGxB POLB LSAC<1:0> cwg data CWG DATA INPUT D `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 Q E 11 EN 1 0 CWGxC POLC LSBD<1:0> AS0E CWGxPPS AS1E C1OUT AS2E C2OUT Autoshutdown source AS3E CLC2 `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 AS4E CLC4 S SHUTDOWN = 1 Q 1 R POLD REN 0 CWGxD SHUTDOWN = 0 SHUTDOWN FREEZE D Q cwg data 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 187 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 20-10: SIMPLIFIED CWG BLOCK DIAGRAM (OUTPUT STEERING MODES) Rev. 10-000211A 10/16/2014 MODE<2:0> = 000: Asynchronous LSAC<1:0> MODE<2:0> = 001: Synchronous `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 cwg data A 1 1 POLA 0 CWGxA 0 DATA STRA LSBD<1:0> `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 cwg data B DATB cwg data CWG DATA INPUT D 1 1 POLB 0 CWGxB 0 STRB LSAC<1:0> `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 Q E 11 EN cwg data C 1 1 POLC 0 CWGxC 0 DATC STRC AS0E CWGxPPS AS1E C1OUT AS2E C2OUT LSBD<1:0> Autoshutdown source AS3E CLC2 `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 AS4E CLC4 S SHUTDOWN = 1 Q R cwg data D 1 POLD REN 0 1 0 CWGxD DATD SHUTDOWN = 0 SHUTDOWN STRD FREEZE D Q cwg data DS40001799C-page 188 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 20-11: SIMPLIFIED CWG BLOCK DIAGRAM (FORWARD AND REVERSE FULL-BRIDGE MODES) Rev. 10-000212A 10/16/2014 MODE<2:0> = 010: Forward LSAC<1:0> MODE<2:0> = 011: Reverse Rising Dead-Band Block CWG CLOCK clock `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z signal out signal in 10 11 1 cwg data A 0 CWGxA POLA cwg data MODE<2:0> D LSBD<1:0> Q Q cwg data cwg data `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 CWG CLOCK signal in signal out clock 1 cwg data B 0 CWGxB POLB Falling Dead-Band Block LSAC<1:0> cwg data CWGx DATA INPUT D `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 Q E 11 EN 1 cwg data C 0 CWGxC POLC LSBD<1:0> AS0E CWGxPPS AS1E C1OUT AS2E C2OUT Autoshutdown source AS3E CLC2 `1' 00 `0' 01 High-Z 10 11 AS4E CLC4 S SHUTDOWN = 1 Q R cwg data D POLD REN 1 0 CWGxD SHUTDOWN = 0 SHUTDOWN FREEZE D Q cwg data 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 189 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.3 20.5.2 Clock Source The clock source is used to drive the dead-band timing circuits. The CWG1 module allows the following clock sources to be selected: * FOSC (system clock) * HFINTOSC (16 MHz only) When the HFINTOSC is selected the HFINTOSC will be kept running during Sleep. Therefore, CWG modes requiring dead band can operate in Sleep provided that the CWG data input is also active during Sleep. The clock sources are selected using the CS bit of the CWG1CLKCON register (Register 20-3). 20.4 Selectable Input Sources The CWG generates the output waveforms from the input sources in Table 20-1. TABLE 20-1: SELECTABLE INPUT SOURCES Source Peripheral Signal Name CWG1PPS CWG PPS input connection C1OUT Comparator 1 output C2OUT Comparator 2 output CCP1 Capture/Compare/PWM output CCP2 Capture/Compare/PWM output PWM5 PWM5 output PWM6 PWM6 output NCO1 Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) output CLC1 Configurable Logic Cell 1 output CLC2 Configurable Logic Cell 2 output The input sources are selected using the DAT<3:0> bits in the CWG1DAT register (Register 20-4). 20.5 Output Control Immediately after the CWG module is enabled, the complementary drive is configured with all output drives cleared. 20.5.1 CWG1 OUTPUTS Each CWG output can be routed to a Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) output via the RxyPPS register (see Section 13.0 "Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module"). DS40001799C-page 190 POLARITY CONTROL The polarity of each CWG output can be selected independently. When the output polarity bit is set, the corresponding output is active-low. Clearing the output polarity bit configures the corresponding output as active-high. However, polarity does not affect the override levels. Output polarity is selected with the POLy bits of the CWG1CON1 register. 20.6 Dead-Band Control Dead-band control provides for non-overlapping output signals to prevent current shoot-through in power switches. The CWG1 modules contain two 6-bit dead-band counters. These counters can be loaded with values that will determine the length of the dead band initiated on either the rising or falling edges of the input source. Dead-band control is used in either HalfBridge or Full-Bridge modes. The rising-edge dead-band delay is determined by the rising dead-band count register (Register 20-8, CWG1DBR) and the falling-edge dead-band delay is determined by the falling dead-band count register (Register 20-9, CWG1DBF). Dead-band duration is established by counting the CWG clock periods from zero up to the value loaded into either the rising or falling dead-band counter registers. The dead-band counters are incremented on every rising edge of the CWG clock source. 20.6.1 RISING EDGE AND REVERSE DEAD BAND In Half-Bridge mode, the rising edge dead band delays the turn-on of the CWG1A output after the rising edge of the CWG data input. In Full-Bridge mode, the reverse dead-band delay is only inserted when changing directions from Forward mode to Reverse mode, and only the modulated output CWG1B is affected. The CWG1DBR register determines the duration of the dead-band interval on the rising edge of the input source signal. This duration is from 0 to 64 periods of the CWG clock. Dead band is always initiated on the edge of the input source signal. A count of zero indicates that no dead band is present. If the input source signal reverses polarity before the dead-band count is completed then no output will be seen on the respective output. The CWG1DBR register value is double-buffered. If EN = 0 (Register 20-1), the buffer is loaded when CWG1DBR is written. If EN = 1, then the buffer will be loaded at the rising edge, following the first falling edge of the data input after the LD bit (Register 20-1) is set. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.6.2 FALLING EDGE AND FORWARD DEAD BAND In Half-Bridge mode, the falling edge dead band delays the turn-on of the CWG1B output at the falling edge of the CWG1 data input. In Full-Bridge mode, the forward dead-band delay is only inserted when changing directions from Reverse mode to Forward mode, and only the modulated output CWG1D is affected. The CWG1DBF register determines the duration of the dead-band interval on the falling edge of the input source signal. This duration is from zero to 64 periods of the CWG clock. EQUATION 20-1: DEAD-BAND DELAY TIME CALCULATION 1 T DEAD - BAND_MIN = --------------------------------- DBx 4:0> F CWG_CLOCK 1 TDEAD - BAND_MAX = --------------------------------- DBx 4:0> + 1 F CWG_CLOCK T JITTER = T DEAD - BAND_MAX - T DEAD - BAND_MIN Dead band is always initiated on the edge of the input source signal. A count of zero indicates that no dead band is present. 1 T JITTER = --------------------------------F CWG_CLOCK If the input source signal reverses polarity before the dead-band count is completed, then no output will be seen on the respective output. T DEAD - BAND_MAX = T DEAD - BAND_MIN + T JITTER The CWG1DBF register value is double-buffered. When EN = 0 (Register 20-1), the buffer is loaded when CWG1DBF is written. If EN = 1, then the buffer will be loaded at the rising edge following the first falling edge of the data input after the LD (Register 20-1) is set. 20.6.3 DEAD-BAND JITTER The CWG input data signal may be asynchronous to the CWG input clock, so some jitter may occur in the observed dead band in each cycle. The maximum jitter is equal to one CWG clock period. See Equation 20-1 for details and an example. Example: DBR 4:0> = 0x0A = 10 F CWG_CLOCK = 8 MHz 1 T JITTER = -----------------8 MHz TDEAD - BAND_MIN = 125 ns 10 = 1.25 s T DEAD - BAND_MAX = 1.25 s + 0.125 s = 1.37 s 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 191 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.7 Auto-Shutdown Control Auto-shutdown is a method to immediately override the CWG output levels with specific overrides that allow for safe shutdown of the circuit. The shutdown state can be either cleared automatically or held until cleared by software. 20.7.1 SHUTDOWN The shutdown state can be entered by either of the following two methods: * Software generated * External input The SHUTDOWN bit indicates when a Shutdown condition exists. The bit may be set or cleared in software or by hardware. 20.7.1.1 Software-Generated Shutdown 20.7.1.3 Pin Override Levels The levels driven to the CWG outputs during an autoshutdown event are controlled by the LSBD<1:0> and LSAC<1:0> bits of the CWG1AS0 register (Register 206). The LSBD<1:0> bits control CWG1B/D output levels, while the LSAC<1:0> bits control the CWG1A/C output levels. 20.7.1.4 Auto-Shutdown Interrupts When an auto-shutdown event occurs, either by software or hardware setting SHUTDOWN, the CWG1IF flag bit of the PIR4 register is set (Register 811). 20.8 Auto-Shutdown Restart After an auto-shutdown event has occurred, there are two ways to resume operation: Setting the SHUTDOWN bit of the CWG1AS0 register will force the CWG into the shutdown state. * Software controlled * Auto-restart When auto-restart is disabled, the shutdown state will persist as long as the SHUTDOWN bit is set. In either case, the shut-down source must be cleared before the restart can take place. That is, either the Shutdown condition must be removed, or the corresponding WGASxE bit must be cleared. When auto-restart is enabled, the SHUTDOWN bit will clear automatically and resume operation on the next rising edge event. 20.7.1.2 External Input Source Shutdown Any of the auto-shutdown external inputs can be selected to suspend the CWG operation. These sources are individually enabled by the ASxE bits of the CWG1AS1 register (Register 20-7). When any of the selected inputs goes active (pins are active-low), the CWG outputs will immediately switch to the override levels selected by the LSBD<1:0> and LSAC<1:0> bits without any software delay (Section 20.7.1.3 "Pin Override Levels"). Any of the following external input sources can be selected to cause a Shutdown condition: * * * * Comparator C1 Comparator C2(PIC16(L)F18323 only) CLC2 CWG1PPS Note: 20.8.1 Shutdown inputs are level sensitive, not edge sensitive. The shutdown state cannot be cleared, except by disabling auto-shutdown, as long as the shutdown input level persists. If the REN bit of the CWG1ASD0 register is clear (REN = 0), the CWG1 module must be restarted after an auto-shutdown event through software. Once all auto-shutdown conditions are removed, the software must clear SHUTDOWN. Once SHUTDOWN is cleared, the CWG module will resume operation upon the first rising edge of the CWG data input. Note: 20.8.2 SHUTDOWN bit cannot be cleared in software if the auto-shutdown condition is still present. AUTO-RESTART If the REN bit of the CWG1ASD0 register is set (REN = 1), the CWG1 module will restart from the shutdown state automatically. Once all auto-shutdown conditions are removed, the hardware will automatically clear SHUTDOWN. Once SHUTDOWN is cleared, the CWG module will resume operation upon the first rising edge of the CWG data input. Note: DS40001799C-page 192 SOFTWARE-CONTROLLED RESTART SHUTDOWN bit cannot be cleared in software if the auto-shutdown condition is still present. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.9 Operation During Sleep The CWG1 module will operate during Sleep, provided that the input sources remain active. If the HFINTOSC is selected as the module clock source, dead-band generation will remain active. This will have a direct effect on the Sleep mode current. 20.10 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Configuring the CWG Ensure that the TRIS control bits corresponding to CWG outputs are set so that all are configured as inputs, ensuring that the outputs are inactive during setup. External hardware should ensure that pin levels are held to safe levels. Clear the EN bit, if not already cleared. Configure the MODE<2:0> bits of the CWG1CON0 register to set the output operating mode. Configure the POLy bits of the CWG1CON1 register to set the output polarities. Configure the DAT<3:0> bits of the CWG1DAT register to select the data input source. If a Steering mode is selected, configure the STRy bits to select the desired output on the CWG outputs. Configure the LSBD<1:0> and LSAC<1:0> bits of the CWG1AS0 register to select the autoshutdown output override states (this is necessary even if not using auto-shutdown because start-up will be from a shutdown state). If auto-restart is desired, set the REN bit of CWG1AS0. If auto-shutdown is desired, configure the ASxE bits of the CWG1AS1 register to select the shutdown source. Set the desired rising and falling dead-band times with the CWG1DBR and CWG1DBF registers. Select the clock source in the CWG1CLKCON register. Set the EN bit to enable the module. Clear the TRIS bits that correspond to the CWG outputs to set them as outputs. If auto-restart is to be used, set the REN bit and the SHUTDOWN bit will be cleared automatically. Otherwise, clear the SHUTDOWN bit in software to start the CWG. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 193 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 20.11 Register Definitions: CWG Control REGISTER 20-1: R/W-0/0 CWG1CON0: CWG1 CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W/HC-0/0 (1) EN LD U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 MODE<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS/HC = Bit is set/cleared by hardware bit 7 EN: CWG1 Enable bit 1 = CWG1 is enabled 0 = CWG1 is disabled bit 6 LD: CWG Load Buffers bit(1) 1 = Dead-band count buffers to be loaded on CWG data rising edge following first falling edge after this bit is set. 0 = Buffers remain unchanged bit 5-3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2-0 MODE<2:0>: CWG1 Mode bits 111 = Reserved 110 = Reserved 101 = CWG outputs operate in Push-Pull mode 100 = CWG outputs operate in Half-Bridge mode 011 = CWG outputs operate in Reverse Full-Bridge mode 010 = CWG outputs operate in Forward Full-Bridge mode 001 = CWG outputs operate in Synchronous Steering mode 000 = CWG outputs operate in Asynchronous Steering mode Note 1: This bit can only be set after EN = 1; it cannot be set in the same cycle when EN is set. DS40001799C-page 194 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 20-2: CWG1CON1: CWG1 CONTROL REGISTER 1 U-0 U-0 R-x U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- -- IN -- POLD POLC POLB POLA bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5 IN: CWG1 Data Input Signal (read-only) bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3 POLD: CWG1D Output Polarity bit 1 = Signal output is inverted polarity 0 = Signal output is normal polarity bit 2 POLC: CWG1C Output Polarity bit 1 = Signal output is inverted polarity 0 = Signal output is normal polarity bit 1 POLB: CWG1B Output Polarity bit 1 = Signal output is inverted polarity 0 = Signal output is normal polarity bit 0 POLA: CWG1A Output Polarity bit 1 = Signal output is inverted polarity 0 = Signal output is normal polarity REGISTER 20-3: CWG1CLKCON: CWG1 CLOCK INPUT SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- CS bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 CS: CWG Clock Source Selection Select bits CS Clock Source 0 1 FOSC HFINTOSC (remains operating during Sleep) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 195 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 20-4: CWG1DAT: CWG1 DATA INPUT SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DAT<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3-0 DAT<3:0>: CWG Data Input Selection bits Note 1: DAT Data Source 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 CWG1PPS C1OUT C2OUT(1) CCP1 CCP2 Reserved Reserved PWM5 PWM6 NCO1 CLC1 CLC2 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved PIC16(L)F18323 only; otherwise selection is Reserved. DS40001799C-page 196 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 CWG1STR(1): CWG1 STEERING CONTROL REGISTER REGISTER 20-5: R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 OVRD OVRC R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 OVRA STRD(2) (2) (2) STRA(2) OVRB STRC STRB bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 OVRD: Steering Data D bit bit 6 OVRC: Steering Data C bit bit 5 OVRB: Steering Data B bit bit 4 OVRA: Steering Data A bit bit 3 STRD: Steering Enable bit D(2) 1 = CWG1D output has the CWG1 data input waveform with polarity control from POLD bit 0 = CWG1D output is assigned to value of OVRD bit bit 2 STRC: Steering Enable bit C(2) 1 = CWG1C output has the CWG1 data input waveform with polarity control from POLC bit 0 = CWG1C output is assigned to value of OVRC bit bit 1 STRB: Steering Enable bit B(2) 1 = CWG1B output has the CWG1 data input waveform with polarity control from POLB bit 0 = CWG1B output is assigned to value of OVRB bit bit 0 STRA: Steering Enable bit A(2) 1 = CWG1A output has the CWG1 data input waveform with polarity control from POLA bit 0 = CWG1A output is assigned to value of OVRA bit Note 1: 2: The bits in this register apply only when MODE<2:0> = 00x (Register 20-1, steering modes). This bit is double-buffered when MODE<2:0> = 001. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 197 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 20-6: CWG1AS0: CWG1 AUTO-SHUTDOWN CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W/HS/SC-0/0 R/W-0/0 SHUTDOWN REN R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 LSBD<1:0> R/W-1/1 LSAC<1:0> bit 7 U-0 U-0 -- -- bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 SHUTDOWN: Auto-Shutdown Event Status bit(1,2) 1 = An auto-shutdown state is in effect 0 = No auto-shutdown event has occurred bit 6 REN: Auto-Restart Enable bit 1 = Auto-restart is enabled 0 = Auto-restart is disabled bit 5-4 LSBD<1:0>: CWG1B and CWG1D Auto-Shutdown State Control bits 11 = A logic `1' is placed on CWG1B/D when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 10 = A logic `0' is placed on CWG1B/D when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 01 = Pin is tri-stated on CWG1B/D when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 00 = The inactive state of the pin, including polarity, is placed on CWG1B/D after the required dead-band interval when an auto-shutdown event occurs. bit 3-2 LSAC<1:0>: CWG1A and CWG1C Auto-Shutdown State Control bits 11 = A logic `1' is placed on CWG1A/C when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 10 = A logic `0' is placed on CWG1A/C when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 01 = Pin is tri-stated on CWG1A/C when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 00 = The inactive state of the pin, including polarity, is placed on CWG1A/C after the required dead-band interval when an auto-shutdown event occurs. bit 1-0 Unimplemented: Read as `0' Note 1: 2: This bit may be written while EN = 0 (Register 20-1), to place the outputs into the shutdown configuration. The outputs will remain in auto-shutdown state until the next rising edge of the CWG data input after this bit is cleared. DS40001799C-page 198 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 20-7: U-0 CWG1AS1: CWG1 AUTO-SHUTDOWN CONTROL REGISTER 1 U-0 -- U-0 -- U-0 -- -- R/W-0/0 AS3E R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 AS1E AS0E (1) AS2E bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3 AS3E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 3 (CLC2) Enable bit 1 = Auto-shutdown from CLC2 is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown from CLC2 is disabled bit 2 AS2E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 2 (C2) Enable bit(1) 1 = Auto-shutdown from Comparator 2 is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown from Comparator 2 is disabled bit 1 AS1E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 1 (C1) Enable bit 1 = Auto-shutdown from Comparator 1 is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown from Comparator 1 is disabled bit 0 AS0E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 0 (CWG1PPS) Enable bit 1 = Auto-shutdown from CWG1PPS is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown from CWG1PPS is disabled Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only; otherwise read as `0'. REGISTER 20-8: CWG1DBR: CWG1 RISING DEAD-BAND COUNT REGISTER U-0 U-0 -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DBR<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 DBR<5:0>: CWG Rising Edge Triggered Dead-Band Count bits 11 1111 = 63-64 CWG clock periods 11 1110 = 62-63 CWG clock periods . . . 00 0010 = 2-3 CWG clock periods 00 0001 = 1-2 CWG clock periods 00 0000 = 0 CWG clock periods. Dead-band generation is bypassed. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 199 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 20-9: CWG1DBF: CWG1 FALLING DEAD-BAND COUNT REGISTER U-0 U-0 -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DBF<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5-0 DBF<5:0>: CWG Falling Edge Triggered Dead-Band Count bits 11 1111 = 63-64 CWG clock periods 11 1110 = 62-63 CWG clock periods . . . 00 0010 = 2-3 CWG clock periods 00 0001 = 1-2 CWG clock periods 00 0000 = 0 CWG clock periods. Dead-band generation is bypassed. DS40001799C-page 200 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 20-2: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CWG1 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA TRISA5 TRISA4 (2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSELA ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 TRISC(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 ANSELC(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 PIR4 CWG1IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 99 PIE4 CWG1IE CCP2IE CCP1IE 94 CWG1CON0 EN LD CWG1CON1 IN POLD POLC POLB POLA 195 CWG1CLKCON CS 195 STRD STRC Name CWG1DAT CWG1STR OVRD OVRC OVRB OVRA CWG1AS0 SHUTDOWN REN LSBD<1:0> MODE<2:0> 194 DAT<3:0> 196 STRB STRA 197 198 AS1E AS0E 199 LSAC<1:0> CWG1AS1 CWG1DBR DBR<5:0> 199 CWG1DBF DBF<5:0> 200 CWG1PPS AS3E AS2E CWG1PPS<4:0> 144 Legend: - = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by the CWG1 module. Note 1: 2: PIC16(L)F18323 only. Unimplemented, read as `0'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 201 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 21.0 CONFIGURABLE LOGIC CELL (CLC) The Configurable Logic Cell (CLCx) provides programmable logic that operates outside the speed limitations of software execution. The logic cell takes up to 36 input signals and, through the use of configurable gates, reduces the 32 inputs to four logic lines that drive one of eight selectable single-output logic functions. Input sources are a combination of the following: * * * * I/O pins Internal clocks Peripherals Register bits The output can be directed internally to peripherals and to an output pin. FIGURE 21-1: Refer to Figure 21-1 for a simplified diagram showing signal flow through the CLCx. Possible configurations include: * Combinatorial Logic - AND - NAND - AND-OR - AND-OR-INVERT - OR-XOR - OR-XNOR * Latches - S-R - Clocked D with Set and Reset - Transparent D with Set and Reset - Clocked J-K with Reset CLCx SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000025, //201 D Q LCxOUT MLCxOUT Q1 . . . LCx_in[29] LCx_in[30] LCx_in[3] to Peripherals Input Data Selection Gates(1) LCx_in[0] LCx_in[1] LCx_in[2] LCxEN lcxg1 lcxg2 lcxg3 Logic lcxq Function LCx_out (2) PPS Module CLCx lcxg4 LCxPOL LCxMODE<2:0> Interrupt det LCXINTP LCXINTN set bit CLCxIF Interrupt det Note 1: 2: See Figure 21-2. See Figure 21-3. DS40001799C-page 202 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 21.1 CLCx Setup Programming the CLCx module is performed by configuring the four stages in the logic signal flow. The four stages are: * * * * Data selection Data gating Logic function selection Output polarity TABLE 21-1: CLCx DATA INPUT SELECTION CLCxSELy<4:0> VALUE CLCx INPUT SOURCE 11111 [31] FOSC 11110 [30] HFINTOSC 11101 [29] LFINTOSC Each stage is setup at run time by writing to the corresponding CLCx Special Function Registers. This has the added advantage of permitting logic reconfiguration on-the-fly during program execution. 11100 [28] ADCRC 11011 [27] IOCIF int flag bit 11010 [26] TMR2/PR2 match 21.1.1 11001 [25] TMR1 overflow DATA SELECTION 11000 [24] TMR0 overflow There are 32 signals available as inputs to the configurable logic. 10111 [23] EUSART (DT) output Data selection is through four multiplexers as indicated on the left side of Figure 21-2. Data inputs in the figure are identified by the `LCx_in' signal name. 10110 [22] EUSART (TX/CK) output 10101 [21] Reserved 10100 [20] Reserved 10011 [19] SDA1 Table 21-1 correlates the input number to the actual signal for each CLC module. The column labeled `LCxDyS<4:0> Value' indicates the MUX selection code for the selected data input. LCxDyS is an abbreviation to identify the specific input multiplexer: LCxD1S<4:0> through LCxD4S<4:0>. Data inputs are selected with CLCxSEL0 through CLCxSEL3 registers (Register 21-3 through Register 21-6). 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 10010 [18] SCL1 10001 [17] PWM6 output 10000 [16] PWM5 output 01111 [15] Reserved 01110 [14] Reserved 01101 [13] CCP2 output 01100 [12] CCP1 output 01011 [11] CLKR output 01010 [10] DSM output 01001 [9] C2(1) output 01000 [8] C1 output 00111 [7] Reserved 00110 [6] Reserved 00101 [5] CLC2 output 00100 [4] CLC1 output 00011 [3] CLCIN3PPS 00010 [2] CLCIN2PPS 00001 [1] CLCIN1PPS 00000 [0] CLCIN0PPS DS40001799C-page 203 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 21.1.2 INPUT DATA SELECTION GATES Outputs from the input multiplexers are directed to the desired logic function input through the data gating stage. Each data gate can direct any combination of the four selected inputs. The gate can be configured to direct each input signal as inverted or non-inverted data. The output of each gate can be inverted before going on to the logic function stage. The gating is in essence a 1-to-4 input AND/NAND/OR/NOR gate. When every input is inverted and the output is inverted, the gate is an OR of all enabled data inputs. When the inputs and output are not inverted, the gate is an AND of all enabled inputs. Table 21-2 summarizes the basic logic that can be obtained in gate 1 by using the gate logic select bits and gate polarity bits. The table shows the logic of four input variables, but each gate can be configured to use less than four. If no inputs are selected, the output will be zero or one, depending on the gate output polarity bit. TABLE 21-2: DATA GATING LOGIC CLCxGLSy LCxGyPOL Gate Logic 0x55 1 4-input AND 0x55 0 4-input NAND 0xAA 1 4-input NOR 0xAA 0 4-input OR 0x00 0 Logic 0 0x00 1 Logic 1 21.1.3 LOGIC FUNCTION There are eight available logic functions including: * * * * * * * * AND-OR OR-XOR AND S-R Latch D Flip-Flop with Set and Reset D Flip-Flop with Reset J-K Flip-Flop with Reset Transparent Latch with Set and Reset Logic functions are shown in Figure 21-3. Each logic function has four inputs and one output. The four inputs are the four data gate outputs of the previous stage. The output is fed to the inversion stage and from there to other peripherals, an output pin, and back to the CLCx itself. 21.1.4 OUTPUT POLARITY The last stage in the configurable logic cell is the output polarity. Setting the LCxPOL bit of the CLCxPOL register inverts the output signal from the logic stage. Changing the polarity while the interrupts are enabled will cause an interrupt for the resulting output transition. It is possible (but not recommended) to select both the true and negated values of an input. When this is done, the gate output is zero, regardless of the other inputs, but may emit logic glitches (transient-induced pulses). If the output of the channel must be zero or one, the recommended method is to set all gate bits to zero and use the gate polarity bit to set the desired level. Data gating is configured with the gate logic select registers as follows: * * * * Gate 1: CLCxGLS0 (Register 21-7) Gate 2: CLCxGLS1 (Register 21-8) Gate 3: CLCxGLS2 (Register 21-9) Gate 4: CLCxGLS3 (Register 21-10) Register number suffixes are different than the gate numbers because other variations of this module have multiple gate selections in the same register. Data gating is indicated in the right side of Figure 21-2. Only one gate is shown in detail. The remaining three gates are configured identically with the exception that the data enables correspond to the enables for that gate. DS40001799C-page 204 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 21.2 CLCx Interrupts An interrupt will be generated upon a change in the output value of the CLCx when the appropriate interrupt enables are set. A rising edge detector and a falling edge detector are present in each CLC for this purpose. The CLCxIF bit of the associated PIR3 register will be set when either edge detector is triggered and its associated enable bit is set. The LCxINTP bit enables rising edge interrupts and the LCxINTN bit enables falling edge interrupts. Both are located in the CLCxCON register. To fully enable the interrupt, set the following bits: * CLCxIE bit of the PIE3 register * LCxINTP bit of the CLCxCON register (for a rising edge detection) * LCxINTN bit of the CLCxCON register (for a falling edge detection) * PEIE and GIE bits of the INTCON register The CLCxIF bit of the PIR3 register, must be cleared in software as part of the interrupt service. If another edge is detected while this flag is being cleared, the flag will still be set at the end of the sequence. 21.3 Output Mirror Copies Mirror copies of all LCxCON output bits are contained in the CLCDATA register. Reading this register samples the outputs of all CLCs simultaneously. This prevents any timing skew introduced by testing or reading the LCxOUT bits in the individual CLCxCON registers. 21.4 Effects of a Reset The CLCxCON register is cleared to zero as the result of a Reset. All other selection and gating values remain unchanged. 21.5 21.6 CLCx Setup Steps The following steps should be followed when setting up the CLCx: * Disable CLCx by clearing the LCxEN bit. * Select desired inputs using CLCxSEL0 through CLCxSEL3 registers (See Table 21-1). * Clear any associated ANSEL bits. * Set all TRIS bits associated with external CLC inputs. * Enable the chosen inputs through the four gates using CLCxGLS0, CLCxGLS1, CLCxGLS2, and CLCxGLS3 registers. * Select the gate output polarities with the LCxGyPOL bits of the CLCxPOL register. * Select the desired logic function with the LCxMODE<2:0> bits of the CLCxCON register. * Select the desired polarity of the logic output with the LCxPOL bit of the CLCxPOL register. (This step may be combined with the previous gate output polarity step). * If driving a device pin, set the desired pin PPS control register and also clear the TRIS bit corresponding to that output. * If interrupts are desired, configure the following bits: - Set the LCxINTP bit in the CLCxCON register for rising event. - Set the LCxINTN bit in the CLCxCON register for falling event. - Set the CLCxIE bit of the PIE3 register. - Set the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. * Enable the CLCx by setting the LCxEN bit of the CLCxCON register. Operation During Sleep The CLC module operates independently from the system clock and will continue to run during Sleep, provided that the input sources selected remain active. The HFINTOSC remains active during Sleep when the CLC module is enabled and the HFINTOSC is selected as an input source, regardless of the system clock source selected. In other words, if the HFINTOSC is simultaneously selected as the system clock and as a CLC input source, when the CLC is enabled, the CPU will go idle during Sleep, but the CLC will continue to operate and the HFINTOSC will remain active. This will have a direct effect on the Sleep mode current. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 205 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 21-2: LCx_in[0] INPUT DATA SELECTION AND GATING Data Selection 00000 Data GATE 1 LCx_in[31] lcxd1T LCxD1G1T lcxd1N LCxD1G1N 11111 LCxD2G1T LCxD1S<4:0> LCxD2G1N LCx_in[0] lcxg1 00000 LCxD3G1T lcxd2T LCxG1POL LCxD3G1N lcxd2N LCx_in[31] LCxD4G1T 11111 LCxD2S<4:0> LCx_in[0] LCxD4G1N 00000 Data GATE 2 lcxg2 lcxd3T (Same as Data GATE 1) lcxd3N LCx_in[31] Data GATE GATE 3 3 Data 11111 lcxg3 LCxD3S<4:0> LCx_in[0] (Same as Data GATE 1) Data GATE 4 00000 lcxg4 lcxd4T (Same as Data GATE 1) lcxd4N LCx_in[35] 11111 LCxD4S<4:0> DS40001799C-page 206 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 21-3: PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC FUNCTIONS Rev. 10-000122A 7/30/2013 AND-OR OR-XOR lcxg1 lcxg1 lcxg2 lcxg2 lcxq lcxq lcxg3 lcxg3 lcxg4 lcxg4 LCxMODE<2:0> = 000 LCxMODE<2:0> = 001 4-input AND S-R Latch lcxg1 lcxg1 S Q lcxq Q lcxq lcxg2 lcxg2 lcxq lcxg3 lcxg3 R lcxg4 lcxg4 LCxMODE<2:0> = 010 LCxMODE<2:0> = 011 1-Input D Flip-Flop with S and R 2-Input D Flip-Flop with R lcxg4 lcxg2 D S lcxg4 Q lcxq D lcxg2 lcxg1 lcxg1 R R lcxg3 lcxg3 LCxMODE<2:0> = 100 LCxMODE<2:0> = 101 J-K Flip-Flop with R 1-Input Transparent Latch with S and R lcxg4 lcxg2 J Q lcxq lcxg2 D lcxg3 LE S Q lcxq lcxg1 lcxg4 K R lcxg3 R lcxg1 LCxMODE<2:0> = 110 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. LCxMODE<2:0> = 111 DS40001799C-page 207 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 21.7 Register Definitions: CLC Control REGISTER 21-1: CLCxCON: CONFIGURABLE LOGIC CELL CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 R-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 LCxEN -- LCxOUT LCxINTP LCxINTN R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 LCxMODE<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxEN: Configurable Logic Cell Enable bit 1 = Configurable logic cell is enabled and mixing input signals 0 = Configurable logic cell is disabled and has logic zero output bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5 LCxOUT: Configurable Logic Cell Data Output bit Read-only: logic cell output data, after LCPOL; sampled from CLCxOUT. bit 4 LCxINTP: Configurable Logic Cell Positive Edge Going Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CLCxIF will be set when a rising edge occurs on CLCxOUT 0 = CLCxIF will not be set bit 3 LCxINTN: Configurable Logic Cell Negative Edge Going Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CLCxIF will be set when a falling edge occurs on CLCxOUT 0 = CLCxIF will not be set bit 2-0 LCxMODE<2:0>: Configurable Logic Cell Functional Mode bits 111 = Cell is 1-input transparent latch with S and R 110 = Cell is J-K flip-flop with R 101 = Cell is 2-input D flip-flop with R 100 = Cell is 1-input D flip-flop with S and R 011 = Cell is S-R latch 010 = Cell is 4-input AND 001 = Cell is OR-XOR 000 = Cell is AND-OR DS40001799C-page 208 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 21-2: CLCxPOL: SIGNAL POLARITY CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxPOL -- -- -- LCxG4POL LCxG3POL LCxG2POL LCxG1POL bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxPOL: CLCxOUT Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of the logic cell is inverted 0 = The output of the logic cell is not inverted bit 6-4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3 LCxG4POL: Gate 3 Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of gate 3 is inverted when applied to the logic cell 0 = The output of gate 3 is not inverted bit 2 LCxG3POL: Gate 2 Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of gate 2 is inverted when applied to the logic cell 0 = The output of gate 2 is not inverted bit 1 LCxG2POL: Gate 1 Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of gate 1 is inverted when applied to the logic cell 0 = The output of gate 1 is not inverted bit 0 LCxG1POL: Gate 0 Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of gate 0 is inverted when applied to the logic cell 0 = The output of gate 0 is not inverted 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 209 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 21-3: CLCxSEL0: GENERIC CLCx DATA 0 SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxD1S<4:0> R/W-x/u bit 7 R/W-x/u bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4-0 LCxD1S<4:0>: CLCx Data1 Input Selection bits See Table 21-1. REGISTER 21-4: CLCxSEL1: GENERIC CLCx DATA 1 SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxD2S<4:0> R/W-x/u bit 7 R/W-x/u bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4-0 LCxD2S<4:0>: CLCx Data 2 Input Selection bits See Table 21-1. REGISTER 21-5: CLCxSEL2: GENERIC CLCx DATA 2 SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxD3S<4:0> R/W-x/u bit 7 R/W-x/u bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4-0 LCxD3S<4:0>: CLCx Data 3 Input Selection bits See Table 21-1. DS40001799C-page 210 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 21-6: CLCxSEL3: GENERIC CLCx DATA 3 SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxD4S<4:0> R/W-x/u bit 7 R/W-x/u bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4-0 LCxD4S<4:0>: CLCx Data 4 Input Selection bits See Table 21-1. REGISTER 21-7: CLCxGLS0: GATE 0 LOGIC SELECT REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxG1D4T LCxG1D4N LCxG1D3T LCxG1D3N LCxG1D2T LCxG1D2N LCxG1D1T LCxG1D1N bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxG1D4T: Gate 0 Data 4 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN3 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 6 LCxG1D4N: Gate 0 Data 4 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 5 LCxG1D3T: Gate 0 Data 3 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN2 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 4 LCxG1D3N: Gate 0 Data 3 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 3 LCxG1D2T: Gate 0 Data 2 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN1 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 2 LCxG1D2N: Gate 0 Data 2 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 1 LCxG1D1T: Gate 0 Data 1 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN0 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 0 LCxG1D1N: Gate 0 Data 1 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 211 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 21-8: CLCxGLS1: GATE 1 LOGIC SELECT REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxG2D4T LCxG2D4N LCxG2D3T LCxG2D3N LCxG2D2T LCxG2D2N LCxG2D1T LCxG2D1N bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxG2D4T: Gate 1 Data 4 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN3 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 6 LCxG2D4N: Gate 1 Data 4 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 5 LCxG2D3T: Gate 1 Data 3 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN2 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 4 LCxG2D3N: Gate 1 Data 3 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 3 LCxG2D2T: Gate 1 Data 2 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN1 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 2 LCxG2D2N: Gate 1 Data 2 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 1 LCxG2D1T: Gate 1 Data 1 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN0 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 0 LCxG2D1N: Gate 1 Data 1 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 DS40001799C-page 212 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 21-9: CLCxGLS2: GATE 2 LOGIC SELECT REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxG3D4T LCxG3D4N LCxG3D3T LCxG3D3N LCxG3D2T LCxG3D2N LCxG3D1T LCxG3D1N bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxG3D4T: Gate 2 Data 4 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN3 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 6 LCxG3D4N: Gate 2 Data 4 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 5 LCxG3D3T: Gate 2 Data 3 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN2 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 4 LCxG3D3N: Gate 2 Data 3 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 3 LCxG3D2T: Gate 2 Data 2 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN1 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 2 LCxG3D2N: Gate 2 Data 2 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 1 LCxG3D1T: Gate 2 Data 1 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN0 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 0 LCxG3D1N: Gate 2 Data 1 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 213 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 21-10: CLCxGLS3: GATE 3 LOGIC SELECT REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxG4D4T LCxG4D4N LCxG4D3T LCxG4D3N LCxG4D2T LCxG4D2N LCxG4D1T LCxG4D1N bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxG4D4T: Gate 3 Data 4 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN3 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 6 LCxG4D4N: Gate 3 Data 4 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 5 LCxG4D3T: Gate 3 Data 3 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN2 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 4 LCxG4D3N: Gate 3 Data 3 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 3 LCxG4D2T: Gate 3 Data 2 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN1 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 2 LCxG4D2N: Gate 3 Data 2 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 1 LCxG4D1T: Gate 3 Data 1 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN0 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 0 LCxG4D1N: Gate 3 Data 1 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 DS40001799C-page 214 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 21-11: CLCDATA: CLC DATA OUTPUT U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R-0 R-0 -- -- -- -- -- -- MLC2OUT MLC1OUT bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1 MLC2OUT: Mirror copy of LC2OUT bit bit 0 MLC1OUT: Mirror copy of LC1OUT bit TABLE 21-3: Name ANSELA SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLCx Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 BIt3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 Register on Page ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 (2) TRISA TRISA5 TRISA4 TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSELC(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 138 TRISC(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 INTCON GIE PEIE INTEDG 89 OSFIF CSWIF CLC2IF CLC1IF 98 PIE3 OSFIE CSWIE CLC2IE CLC1IE CLC1CON LC1EN LC1OUT LC1INTP LC1INTN CLC1POL LC1POL CLC1SEL0 LC1D1S<4:0> 210 CLC1SEL1 LC1D2S<4:0> 210 CLC1SEL2 LC1D3S<4:0> 210 CLC1SEL3 LC1D4S<4:0> 211 PIR3 LC1MODE<2:0> LC1G4POL LC1G3POL LC1G2POL LC1G1POL 93 208 209 CLC1GLS0 LC1G1D4T LC1G1D4N LC1G1D3T LC1G1D3N LC1G1D2T LC1G1D2N LC1G1D1T LC1G1D1N 211 CLC1GLS1 LC1G2D4T LC1G2D4N LC1G2D3T LC1G2D3N LC1G2D2T LC1G2D2N LC1G2D1T LC1G2D1N 212 CLC1GLS2 LC1G3D4T LC1G3D4N LC1G3D3T LC1G3D3N LC1G3D2T LC1G3D2N LC1G3D1T LC1G3D1N 213 CLC1GLS3 LC1G4D4T LC1G4D4N LC1G4D3T LC1G4D3N LC1G4D2T LC1G4D2N LC1G4D1T LC1G4D1N 214 CLC2CON LC2EN LC2OUT LC2INTP CLC2POL LC2POL CLC2SEL0 LC2D1S<4:0> 210 CLC2SEL1 LC2D2S<4:0> 210 CLC2SEL2 LC2D3S<4:0> 210 CLC2SEL3 LC2D4S<4:0> 211 LC2INTN LC2MODE<2:0> LC2G4POL LC2G3POL Legend: -- = Unimplemented, read as `0'. Shaded cells are unused by the CLC module. Note PIC16(L)F18323 only. 1: 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. LC2G2POL LC2G1POL 208 209 DS40001799C-page 215 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 21-3: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLCx (CONTINUED) Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 BIt3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 Register on Page CLC2GLS0 LC2G1D4T LC2G1D4N LC2G1D3T LC2G1D3N LC2G1D2T LC2G1D2N LC2G1D1T LC2G1D1N 211 CLC2GLS1 LC2G2D4T LC2G2D4N LC2G2D3T LC2G2D3N LC2G2D2T LC2G2D2N LC2G2D1T LC2G2D1N 212 CLC2GLS2 LC2G3D4T LC2G3D4N LC2G3D3T LC2G3D3N LC2G3D2T LC2G3D2N LC2G3D1T LC2G3D1N 213 CLC2GLS3 LC2G4D4T LC2G4D4N LC2G4D3T LC2G4D3N LC2G4D2T LC2G4D2N LC2G4D1T LC2G4D1N 214 MLC2OUT MLC1OUT 215 CLCDATA CLCIN0PPS CLCIN0PPS<4:0> 144 CLCIN1PPS CLCIN1PPS<4:0> 144 CLC1OUTPPS CLC1OUTPPS<4:0> 144 CLC2OUTPPS CLC2OUTPPS<4:0> 144 Legend: -- = Unimplemented, read as `0'. Shaded cells are unused by the CLC module. Note PIC16(L)F18323 only. 1: DS40001799C-page 216 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 22.0 The ADC can generate an interrupt upon completion of a conversion. This interrupt can be used to wake-up the device from Sleep. ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC) MODULE The Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) allows conversion of an analog input signal to a 10-bit binary representation of that signal. This device uses analog inputs, which are multiplexed into a single sample and hold circuit. The output of the sample and hold is connected to the input of the converter. The converter generates a 10-bit binary result via successive approximation and stores the conversion result into the ADC result registers (ADRESH:ADRESL register pair). Figure 22-1 shows the block diagram of the ADC. The ADC voltage reference is software selectable to be either internally generated or externally supplied. FIGURE 22-1: ADC BLOCK DIAGRAM VDD ADPREF<1:0> Positive Reference Select VDD RESERVED VREF+ pin ADNREF FVR BUFFER VREF- pin ADCS<2:0> VRNEG VRPOS ANa ANb ADC_clk sampled input ANz Internal Channel Inputs Negative Reference Select VSS AN0 External Channel Inputs Rev. 10-000033E 6/11/2015 ADC Clock Select FOSC/n Fosc Divider FRC FOSC FRC Temp Indicator DACx_output ADC CLOCK SOURCE FVR_buffer1 ADC Sample Circuit CHS<4:0> ADFM set bit ADIF Write to bit GO/DONE 10-bit Result GO/DONE Q1 Q4 16 start ADRESH Q2 TRIGSEL<5:0> 10 complete ADRESL Enable Trigger Select ADON . . . VSS Trigger Sources AUTO CONVERSION TRIGGER 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 217 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 22.1 ADC Configuration When configuring and using the ADC the following functions must be considered: * * * * * * Port configuration Channel selection ADC voltage reference selection ADC conversion clock source Interrupt control Result formatting 22.1.1 PORT CONFIGURATION The ADC can be used to convert both analog and digital signals. When converting analog signals, the I/O pin should be configured for analog by setting the associated TRIS and ANSEL bits. Refer to Section 12.0 "I/O Ports" for more information. Note: 22.1.2 Analog voltages on any pin that is defined as a digital input may cause the input buffer to conduct excess current. CHANNEL SELECTION There are several channel selections available: * Five PORTA pins (RA0-RA2, RA4-RA5) * Six PORTC pins (RC0-RC5, PIC16(L)F18323 only) * Temperature Indicator * DAC output * Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) * VSS (ground) The CHS<5:0> bits of the ADCON0 register (Register 22-1) determine which channel is connected to the sample and hold circuit. When changing channels, a delay is required before starting the next conversion. Refer to Section 22.2 "ADC Operation" for more information. Note: It is recommended that when switching from an ADC channel of a higher voltage to a channel of a lower voltage, the software selects the VSS channel before switching to the channel of the lower voltage. If the ADC does not have a dedicated VSS input channel, the VSS selection (DAC1R<4:0> = b'00000') through the DAC output channel can be used. If the DAC is in use, a free input channel can be connected to VSS, and can be used in place of the DAC. DS40001799C-page 218 22.1.3 ADC VOLTAGE REFERENCE The ADPREF<1:0> bits of the ADCON1 register provides control of the positive voltage reference. The positive voltage reference can be: * * * * VREF+ pin VDD FVR 2.048V FVR 4.096V (Not available on LF devices) The ADNREF bit of the ADCON1 register provides control of the negative voltage reference. The negative voltage reference can be: * VREF- pin * VSS See Section 16.0 "Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)" for more details on the Fixed Voltage Reference. 22.1.4 CONVERSION CLOCK The source of the conversion clock is software selectable via the ADCS<2:0> bits of the ADCON1 register. There are seven possible clock options: * * * * * * * FOSC/2 FOSC/4 FOSC/8 FOSC/16 FOSC/32 FOSC/64 ADCRC (dedicated RC oscillator) The time to complete one bit conversion is defined as TAD. One full 10-bit conversion requires 12 TAD periods as shown in Figure 22-2. For correct conversion, the appropriate TAD specification must be met. Refer to Table 35-13 for more information. Table 22-1 gives examples of appropriate ADC clock selections. Note: Unless using the ADCRC, any changes in the system clock frequency will change the ADC clock frequency, which may adversely affect the ADC result. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 22-1: ADC CLOCK PERIOD (TAD) VS. DEVICE OPERATING FREQUENCIES ADC Clock Period (TAD) Device Frequency (FOSC) ADC Clock Source ADCS<2:0> 32 MHz 20 MHz 16 MHz 8 MHz 4 MHz FOSC/2 000 62.5ns(2) 100 ns(2) 125 ns(2) 250 ns(2) 500 ns(2) 2.0 s FOSC/4 100 125 ns(2) ns(2) ns(2) ns(2) 1.0 s 4.0 s FOSC/8 001 0.5 s(2) 400 ns(2) 0.5 s(2) 1.0 s 2.0 s 8.0 s(3) FOSC/16 101 800 ns 800 ns 1.0 s 2.0 s 4.0 s 16.0 s(3) 200 250 500 FOSC/32 010 1.0 s 1.6 s 2.0 s 4.0 s FOSC/64 110 2.0 s 3.2 s 4.0 s 8.0 s(3) ADCRC Legend: Note 1: 2: 3: 4: x11 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) 1.0-6.0 s(3) 32.0 s(2) 16.0 s(2) 64.0 s(2) 8.0 s(1,4) 1 MHz 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) Shaded cells are outside of recommended range. See TAD parameter for ADCRC source typical TAD value. These values violate the required TAD time. Outside the recommended TAD time. The ADC clock period (TAD) and total ADC conversion time can be minimized when the ADC clock is derived from the system clock FOSC. However, the ADCRC oscillator source must be used when conversions are to be performed with the device in Sleep mode. FIGURE 22-2: ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION TAD CYCLES TAD1 TAD2 TAD3 TAD4 TAD5 TAD6 TAD7 TAD8 TAD9 TAD10 TAD11 b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 THCD Conversion Starts TACQ Holding capacitor disconnected from analog input (THCD). Set GO bit On the following cycle: ADRESH:ADRESL is loaded, GO bit is cleared, ADIF bit is set, holding capacitor is reconnected to analog input. Enable ADC (ADON bit) and Select channel (ACS bits) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 219 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 22.1.5 INTERRUPTS 22.1.6 The ADC module allows for the ability to generate an interrupt upon completion of an Analog-to-Digital conversion. The ADC Interrupt Flag is the ADIF bit in the PIR1 register. The ADC Interrupt Enable is the ADIE bit in the PIE1 register. The ADIF bit must be cleared in software. RESULT FORMATTING The 10-bit ADC conversion result can be supplied in two formats, left justified or right justified. The ADFM bit of the ADCON1 register controls the output format. Figure 22-3 shows the two output formats. Note 1: The ADIF bit is set at the completion of every conversion, regardless of whether or not the ADC interrupt is enabled. 2: The ADC operates during Sleep only when the ADCRC oscillator is selected. This interrupt can be generated while the device is operating or while in Sleep. If the device is in Sleep, the interrupt will wake-up the device. Upon waking from Sleep, the next instruction following the SLEEP instruction is always executed. If the user is attempting to wake-up from Sleep and resume in-line code execution, the ADIE bit of the PIE1 register and the PEIE bit of the INTCON register must both be set and the GIE bit of the INTCON register must be cleared. If all three of these bits are set, the execution will switch to the Interrupt Service Routine. FIGURE 22-3: 10-BIT ADC CONVERSION RESULT FORMAT ADRESH (ADFM = 0) ADRESL MSB LSB bit 7 bit 0 bit 7 10-bit ADC Result (ADFM = 1) Unimplemented: Read as `0' MSB bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' DS40001799C-page 220 bit 0 LSB bit 0 bit 7 bit 0 10-bit ADC Result 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 22.2 22.2.1 ADC Operation STARTING A CONVERSION To enable the ADC module, the ADON bit of the ADCON0 register must be set to a `1'. Setting the GO/DONE bit of the ADCON0 register to a `1' will start the Analog-to-Digital conversion. Note: 22.2.2 The GO/DONE bit should not be set in the same instruction that turns on the ADC. Refer to Section 22.2.6 "ADC Conversion Procedure". COMPLETION OF A CONVERSION When the conversion is complete, the ADC module will: * Clear the GO/DONE bit * Set the ADIF Interrupt Flag bit * Update the ADRESH and ADRESL registers with new conversion result 22.2.3 TERMINATING A CONVERSION If a conversion must be terminated before completion, the GO/DONE bit can be cleared in software. The ADRESH and ADRESL registers will be updated with the partially complete Analog-to-Digital conversion sample. Incomplete bits will match the last bit converted. Note: A device Reset forces all registers to their Reset state. Thus, the ADC module is turned off and any pending conversion is terminated. 22.2.4 The ADC module can operate during Sleep. This requires the ADC clock source to be set to the ADCRC option. When the ADCRC oscillator source is selected, the ADC waits one additional instruction before starting the conversion. This allows the SLEEP instruction to be executed, which can reduce system noise during the conversion. If the ADC interrupt is enabled, the device will wake-up from Sleep when the conversion completes. If the ADC interrupt is disabled, the ADC module is turned off after the conversion completes, although the ADON bit remains set. When the ADC clock source is something other than ADCRC, a SLEEP instruction causes the present conversion to be aborted and the ADC module is turned off, although the ADON bit remains set. 22.2.5 AUTO-CONVERSION TRIGGER The Auto-conversion Trigger allows periodic ADC measurements without software intervention. When a rising edge of the selected source occurs, the GO/DONE bit is set by hardware. The Auto-conversion Trigger source is selected with the ADACT<4:0> bits of the ADACT register. See Table 22-2 for auto-conversion sources. TABLE 22-2: Source Peripheral ADC AUTO-CONVERSION SOURCES Description TMR0 Timer0 Overflow condition TMR1 Timer1 Overflow condition TMR2 Match between Timer2 and PR2 C1 Comparator C1 output C2(1) Comparator C2 output CLC1 CLC1 output CLC2 CLC2 output CCP1 CCP1 output CCP2 CCP2 output Note 1: Note: 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. ADC OPERATION DURING SLEEP PIC16(L)F18323 only. The ADC auto-conversion feature is not available while the device is in Sleep mode DS40001799C-page 221 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 22.2.6 ADC CONVERSION PROCEDURE This is an example procedure for using the ADC to perform an Analog-to-Digital conversion: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Configure Port: * Disable pin output driver (Refer to the TRIS register) * Configure pin as analog (Refer to the ANSEL register) Configure the ADC module: * Select ADC conversion clock * Select voltage reference * Select ADC input channel * Turn on ADC module Configure ADC interrupt (optional): * Clear ADC interrupt flag * Enable ADC interrupt * Enable peripheral interrupt * Enable global interrupt(1) Wait the required acquisition time(2). Start conversion by setting the GO/DONE bit. Wait for ADC conversion to complete by one of the following: * Polling the GO/DONE bit * Waiting for the ADC interrupt Read ADC Result. Clear the ADC interrupt flag (required if interrupt is enabled). EXAMPLE 22-1: ADC CONVERSION ;This code block configures the ADC ;for polling, Vdd and Vss references, ADCRC ;oscillator and AN0 input. ; ;Conversion start & polling for completion ; are included. ; BANKSEL ADCON1 ; MOVLW B'11110000' ;Right justify, ADCRC ;oscillator MOVWF ADCON1 ;Vdd and Vss Vref BANKSEL TRISA ; BSF TRISA,0 ;Set RA0 to input BANKSEL ANSEL ; BSF ANSEL,0 ;Set RA0 to analog BANKSEL ADCON0 ; MOVLW B'00000001' ;Select channel AN0 MOVWF ADCON0 ;Turn ADC On CALL SampleTime ;Acquisiton delay BSF ADCON0,ADGO ;Start conversion BTFSC ADCON0,ADGO ;Is conversion done? GOTO $-1 ;No, test again BANKSEL ADRESH ; MOVF ADRESH,W ;Read upper 2 bits MOVWF RESULTHI ;store in GPR space BANKSEL ADRESL ; MOVF ADRESL,W ;Read lower 8 bits MOVWF RESULTLO ;Store in GPR space Note 1: The global interrupt can be disabled if the user is attempting to wake-up from Sleep and resume in-line code execution. 2: Refer to Section 22.3 "ADC Acquisition Requirements". DS40001799C-page 222 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 22.3 ADC Acquisition Requirements For the ADC to meet its specified accuracy, the charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) must be allowed to fully charge to the input channel voltage level. The Analog Input model is shown in Figure 22-4. The source impedance (RS) and the internal sampling switch (RSS) impedance directly affect the time required to charge the capacitor CHOLD. The sampling switch (RSS) impedance varies over the device voltage (VDD), refer to Figure 22-4. The maximum recommended impedance for analog sources is 10 k. As the EQUATION 22-1: Assumptions: source impedance is decreased, the acquisition time may be decreased. After the analog input channel is selected (or changed), an ADC acquisition must be done before the conversion can be started. To calculate the minimum acquisition time, Equation 22-1 may be used. This equation assumes that 1/2 LSb error is used (1,024 steps for the ADC). The 1/2 LSb error is the maximum error allowed for the ADC to meet its specified resolution. ACQUISITION TIME EXAMPLE Temperature = 50C and external impedance of 10k 5.0V V DD T ACQ = Amplifier Settling Time + Hold Capacitor Charging Time + Temperature Coefficient = T AMP + T C + T COFF = 2s + T C + Temperature - 25C 0.05s/C The value for TC can be approximated with the following equations: 1 = V CHOLD V AP P LI ED 1 - -------------------------n+1 2 -1 ;[1] VCHOLD charged to within 1/2 lsb -TC ---------- RC V AP P LI ED 1 - e = V CHOLD ;[2] VCHOLD charge response to VAPPLIED - Tc --------- 1 RC ;combining [1] and [2] V AP P LI ED 1 - e = V A PP LIE D 1 - -------------------------n+1 2 -1 Note: Where n = number of bits of the ADC. Solving for TC: T C = - C HOLD R IC + R SS + R S ln(1/2047) = - 10pF 1k + 7k + 10k ln(0.0004885) = 1.37 s Therefore: T A CQ = 2s + 892ns + 50C- 25C 0.05 s/C = 4.62s Note 1: The reference voltage (VREF) has no effect on the equation, since it cancels itself out. 2: The charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) is not discharged after each conversion. 3: The maximum recommended impedance for analog sources is 10 k. This is required to meet the pin leakage specification. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 223 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 22-4: ANALOG INPUT MODEL VDD Analog Input pin Rs VT 0.6V CPIN 5 pF VA RIC 1k Sampling Switch SS Rss I LEAKAGE(1) VT 0.6V CHOLD = 10 pF Ref- 6V 5V VDD 4V 3V 2V = Sample/Hold Capacitance = Input Capacitance Legend: CHOLD CPIN RSS I LEAKAGE = Leakage current at the pin due to various junctions = Interconnect Resistance RIC = Resistance of Sampling Switch RSS SS = Sampling Switch VT = Threshold Voltage Rs = External series resistance Note 1: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Sampling Switch (k) Refer to Table 35-4 (parameter D060). FIGURE 22-5: ADC TRANSFER FUNCTION Full-Scale Range 3FFh 3FEh ADC Output Code 3FDh 3FCh 3FBh 03h 02h 01h 00h Analog Input Voltage 0.5 LSB Ref- DS40001799C-page 224 Zero-Scale Transition 1.5 LSB Full-Scale Transition Ref+ 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 22.4 Register Definitions: ADC Control REGISTER 22-1: R/W-0/0 ADCON0: ADC CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CHS<5:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 GO/DONE ADON bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 CHS<5:0>: Analog Channel Select bits 111111 = FVR (Fixed Voltage Reference)(2) 111110 = DAC1 output(1) 111101 = Temperature Indicator(3) 111100 = VSS 111011 = Reserved. No channel connected. * * * 010101 = ANC5(4) 010100 = ANC4(4) 010011 = ANC3(4) 010010 = ANC2(4) 010001 = ANC1(4) 010000 = ANC0(4) 001011 = Reserved. No channel connected. * * * 000101 = ANA5 000100 = ANA4 000011 = Reserved. No channel connected. 000010 = ANA2 000001 = ANA1 000000 = ANA0 bit 1 GO/DONE: ADC Conversion Status bit 1 = ADC conversion cycle in progress. Setting this bit starts an ADC conversion cycle. This bit is automatically cleared by hardware when the ADC conversion has completed. 0 = ADC conversion completed/not in progress bit 0 ADON: ADC Enable bit 1 = ADC is enabled 0 = ADC is disabled and consumes no operating current Note 1: 2: 3: 4: See Section 24.0 "5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module" for more information. See Section 16.0 "Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)" for more information. See Section 17.0 "Temperature Indicator Module" for more information. PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 225 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 22-2: R/W-0/0 ADCON1: ADC CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 ADFM R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ADCS<2:0> U-0 R/W-0/0 -- ADNREF R/W-0/0 bit 7 R/W-0/0 ADPREF<1:0> bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 ADFM: ADC Result Format Select bit 1 = Right justified. Six Most Significant bits of ADRESH are set to `0' when the conversion result is loaded. 0 = Left justified. Six Least Significant bits of ADRESL are set to `0' when the conversion result is loaded. bit 6-4 ADCS<2:0>: ADC Conversion Clock Select bits 111 = ADCRC (dedicated RC oscillator) 110 = FOSC/64 101 = FOSC/16 100 = FOSC/4 011 = ADCRC (dedicated RC oscillator) 010 = FOSC/32 001 = FOSC/8 000 = FOSC/2 bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2 ADNREF: A/D Negative Voltage Reference Configuration bit When ADON = 0, all multiplexer inputs are disconnected. 0 = VREF- is connected to VSS 1 = VREF- is connected to external VREF- bit 1-0 ADPREF<1:0>: ADC Positive Voltage Reference Configuration bits 11 = VREF+ is connected to internal Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) module(1) 10 = VREF+ is connected to external VREF+ pin(1) 01 = Reserved 00 = VREF+ is connected to VDD Note 1: When selecting the VREF+ pin as the source of the positive reference, be aware that a minimum voltage specification exists. See Table 35-13 for details. DS40001799C-page 226 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 22-3: ADACT: A/D AUTO-CONVERSION TRIGGER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ADACT<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3-0 ADACT<3:0>: Auto-Conversion Trigger Selection bits(1) 1111-1110=Reserved 1101 = CCP2 1100 = CCP1 1011 = Reserved 1010 = Reserved 1001 = CLC2 1000 = CLC1 0111 = Comparator C2(3) 0110 = Comparator C1 0101 = Timer2-PR2 match 0100 = Timer1 overflow(2) 0011 = Timer0 overflow(2) 0010 = Reserved 0001 = Reserved 0000 = No auto-conversion trigger selected Note 1: 2: 3: This is a rising edge sensitive input for all sources. Trigger corresponds to when the peripheral's interrupt flag is set. PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 227 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 22-4: R/W-x/u ADRESH: ADC RESULT REGISTER HIGH (ADRESH) ADFM = 0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u ADRES<9:2> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 ADRES<9:2>: ADC Result Register bits Upper eight bits of 10-bit conversion result REGISTER 22-5: R/W-x/u ADRESL: ADC RESULT REGISTER LOW (ADRESL) ADFM = 0 R/W-x/u ADRES<1:0> R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u -- -- -- -- -- -- bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 ADRES<1:0>: ADC Result Register bits Lower two bits of 10-bit conversion result bit 5-0 Reserved: Do not use. DS40001799C-page 228 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 22-6: ADRESH: ADC RESULT REGISTER HIGH (ADRESH) ADFM = 1 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u -- -- -- -- -- -- R/W-x/u R/W-x/u ADRES<9:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 Reserved: Do not use. bit 1-0 ADRES<9:8>: ADC Result Register bits Upper two bits of 10-bit conversion result REGISTER 22-7: R/W-x/u ADRESL: ADC RESULT REGISTER LOW (ADRESL) ADFM = 1 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u ADRES<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 ADRES<7:0>: ADC Result Register bits Lower eight bits of 10-bit conversion result 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 229 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 22-3: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH ADC Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page GIE PEIE -- -- -- -- -- INTEDG 89 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 91 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 96 Name INTCON (2) TRISA -- -- TRISA5 TRISA4 TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 TRISC(1) -- -- TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 ANSELA -- -- ANSA5 ANSA4 -- ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 -- -- ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 GO/DONE ADON 225 -- ADNREF (1) ANSELC ADCON0 ADCON1 ADACT -- CHS<5:0> ADFM -- ADCS<2:0> -- -- ADPREF<1:0> ADACT<3:0> -- 226 227 ADRESH ADRESH<7:0> 228 ADRESL ADRESL<7:0> 228 FVRCON FVREN FVRRDY TSEN DAC1CON1 -- -- -- OSCSTAT1 EXTOR HFOR -- TSRNG CDAFVR<1:0> ADFVR<1:0> DAC1R<4:0> LFOR SOR ADOR 161 245 -- PLLR 80 Legend: -- = unimplemented read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used for the ADC module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as `1'. DS40001799C-page 230 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 23.0 NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR (NCO1) MODULE The Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO1) module is a timer that uses the overflow from the addition of an increment value to divide the input frequency. The advantage of the addition method over simple counter-driven timer is that the output frequency resolution does not vary with the divider value. The NCO1 is most useful for applications that require frequency accuracy and fine resolution at a fixed duty cycle. Features of the NCO1 include: * * * * * * * 20-bit increment function Fixed Duty Cycle (FDC) mode Pulse Frequency (PF) mode Output pulse width control Multiple clock input sources Output polarity control Interrupt capability Figure 23-1 is a simplified block diagram of the NCO1 module. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 231 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 23-1: NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR MODULE SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM 1&2INCU 1&2INCH 1&2INCL INCBUFU(1) INCBUFH(1) INCBUFL(1) 1&2IF 1&2BLnterrupt Adder HFINTOSC 00 FOSC 01 LC1BRXW 10 5HVHUYHG 11 D 1&2ACCU 1&2ACCH Peripherals Q Overflow 1&2ACCL Q 1EN 1&2BRXW bit 0 1CKS<1:0> 1&2PPS Overflow S Q R Q 1&2POL 1&2BFON Ripple Counter 111 110 101 100 011 010 001 000 13)0 1PWS<2:0> Reset DS40001799C-page 232 Note 1: The increment registers are double-buffered to allow for value changes to be made without first disabling the NCO1 module. They are shown for reference only and are not user accessible. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 1 1&2BFON PIC16(L)F18313/18323 23.1 NCO1 Operation The NCO1 operates by repeatedly adding a fixed value to an accumulator. Additions occur at the input clock rate. The accumulator will overflow with a carry periodically, which is the raw NCO1 output (NCO_overflow). This effectively reduces the input clock by the ratio of the addition value to the maximum accumulator value. See Equation 23-1. The NCO1 output can be further modified by stretching the pulse or toggling a flip-flop. The modified NCO1 output is then distributed internally to other peripherals and can optionally be output to a pin. The accumulator overflow also generates an interrupt (NCO_interrupt). The NCO1 period changes in discrete steps to create an average frequency. EQUATION 23-1: NC01 OVERFLOW FREQUENCY NCO1 Clock Frequency Increment Value F OVERFLOW = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20 2 23.1.1 NCO1 CLOCK SOURCES Clock sources available to the NCO1 include: * HFINTOSC * FOSC * LC1_out The NCO1 clock source is selected by configuring the N1CKS<2:0> bits in the NCO1CLK register. 23.1.2 ACCUMULATOR The accumulator is a 20-bit register. Read and write access to the accumulator is available through three registers: * NCO1ACCL * NCO1ACCH * NCO1ACCU 23.1.3 ADDER The NCO1 adder is a full adder, which operates independently from the system clock. The addition of the previous result and the increment value replaces the accumulator value on the rising edge of each input clock. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 23.1.4 INCREMENT REGISTERS The increment value is stored in three registers making up a 20-bit increment. In order of LSB to MSB they are: * NCO1INCL * NCO1INCH * NCO1INCU When the NCO1 module is enabled, the NCO1INCU and NCO1INCH registers should be written first, then the NCO1INCL register. Writing to the NCO1INCL register initiates the increment buffer registers to be loaded simultaneously on the second rising edge of the NCO_clk signal. The registers are readable and writable. The increment registers are double-buffered to allow value changes to be made without first disabling the NCO1 module. When the NCO1 module is disabled, the increment buffers are loaded immediately after a write to the increment registers. Note: The increment buffer registers are not user-accessible. DS40001799C-page 233 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 23.2 Fixed Duty Cycle (FDC) Mode In Fixed Duty Cycle (FDC) mode, every time the accumulator overflows (NCO_overflow), the output is toggled. This provides a 50% duty cycle with a constant frequency, provided that the increment value remains constant. The FDC frequency can be calculated using Equation 23-2. The FDC frequency is half of the overflow frequency since it takes two overflow events to generate one FDC clock period. For more information, see Figure 23-2. EQUATION 23-2: FDC FREQUENCY F fdc = F overflow 2 The FDC mode is selected by clearing the N1PFM bit in the NCO1CON register. 23.3 Pulse Frequency (PF) Mode In Pulse Frequency (PF) mode, every time the accumulator overflows (NCO_overflow), the output becomes active for one or more clock periods. Once the clock period expires, the output returns to an inactive state. This provides a pulsed output. The output becomes active on the rising clock edge immediately following the overflow event. For more information, see Figure 23-2. The value of the active and inactive states depends on the polarity bit, N1POL, in the NCO1CON register. The PF mode is selected by setting the N1PFM bit in the NCO1CON register. 23.3.1 OUTPUT PULSE WIDTH CONTROL When operating in PF mode, the active state of the output can vary in width by multiple clock periods. Various pulse widths are selected with the N1PWS<2:0> bits in the NCO1CLK register. When the selected pulse width is greater than the accumulator overflow time frame, the output of the NCO1 does not toggle. 23.4 Output Polarity Control The last stage in the NCO1 module is the output polarity. The N1POL bit in the NCO1CON register selects the output polarity. Changing the polarity while the interrupts are enabled will cause an interrupt for the resulting output transition. The NCO1 output can be used internally by source code or other peripherals. Accomplish this by reading the N1OUT (read-only) bit of the NCO1CON register. The NCO1 output signal is available to the following peripherals: * CWG DS40001799C-page 234 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FDC OUTPUT MODE OPERATION DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000029A 11/7/2013 NCOx Clock Source NCOx Increment Value NCOx Accumulator Value NCO_overflow NCO_interrupt 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. NCOx Output FDC Mode NCOx Output PF Mode NCOxPWS = 000 NCOx Output PF Mode NCOxPWS = 001 4000h 00000h 04000h 08000h 4000h FC000h 00000h 04000h 08000h 4000h FC000h 00000h 04000h 08000h PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 235 FIGURE 23-2: PIC16(L)F18313/18323 23.5 Interrupts When the accumulator overflows (NCO_overflow), the NCO1 Interrupt Flag bit, NCO1IF, of the PIR2 register is set. To enable the interrupt event (NCO_interrupt), the following bits must be set: * * * * N1EN bit of the NCO1CON register NCO1IE bit of the PIE2 register PEIE bit of the INTCON register GIE bit of the INTCON register The interrupt must be cleared by software by clearing the NCO1IF bit in the Interrupt Service Routine. 23.6 Effects of a Reset All of the NCO1 registers are cleared to zero as the result of a Reset. 23.7 Operation in Sleep The NCO1 module operates independently from the system clock and will continue to run during Sleep, provided that the clock source selected remains active. The HFINTOSC remains active during Sleep when the NCO1 module is enabled and the HFINTOSC is selected as the clock source, regardless of the system clock source selected. In other words, if the HFINTOSC is simultaneously selected as the system clock and the NCO1 clock source, when the NCO1 is enabled, the CPU will go idle during Sleep, but the NCO1 will continue to operate and the HFINTOSC will remain active. This will have a direct effect on the Sleep mode current. DS40001799C-page 236 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 23.8 NCO1 Control Registers REGISTER 23-1: NCO1CON: NCO1 CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 R-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 N1EN -- N1OUT N1POL -- -- -- N1PFM bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 N1EN: NCO1 Enable bit 1 = NCO1 module is enabled 0 = NCO1 module is disabled bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 5 N1OUT: NCO1 Output bit Displays the current output value of the NCO1 module bit 4 N1POL: NCO1 Polarity 1 = NCO1 output signal is inverted 0 = NCO1 output signal is not inverted bit 3-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 0 N1PFM: NCO1 Output Divider mode 1 = NCO1 operates in Pulse Frequency mode 0 = NCO1 operates in Fixed Duty Cycle mode, divide by 2 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 237 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 23-2: R/W-0/0 NCO1CLK: NCO1 INPUT CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 N1PWS<2:0> U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 N1CKS<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 N1PWS<2:0>: NCO1 Output Pulse Width Select(1, 2) 000 = NCO1 output is active for 1 input clock period 001 = NCO1 output is active for 2 input clock periods 010 = NCO1 output is active for 4 input clock periods 011 = NCO1 output is active for 8 input clock periods 100 = NCO1 output is active for 16 input clock periods 101 = NCO1 output is active for 32 input clock periods 110 = NCO1 output is active for 64 input clock periods 111 = NCO1 output is active for 128 input clock periods bit 4-2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1-0 N1CKS<1:0>: NCO1 Clock Source Select bits 00 = HFINTOSC (16 MHz) 01 = FOSC 10 = CLC1OUT 11 =Reserved Note 1: 2: N1PWS applies only when operating in Pulse Frequency mode. If NCO1 pulse width is greater than NCO1 overflow period, the NCO1 output does not toggle. REGISTER 23-3: R/W-0/0 NCO1ACCL: NCO1 ACCUMULATOR REGISTER - LOW BYTE R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1ACC<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NCO1ACC<7:0>: NCO1 Accumulator, low byte DS40001799C-page 238 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 23-4: R/W-0/0 NCO1ACCH: NCO1 ACCUMULATOR REGISTER - HIGH BYTE R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1ACC<15:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NCO1ACC<15:8>: NCO1 Accumulator, high byte NCO1ACCU: NCO1 ACCUMULATOR REGISTER - UPPER BYTE(1) REGISTER 23-5: U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1ACC<19:16> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3-0 NCO1ACC<19:16>: NCO1 Accumulator, upper byte Note 1: The accumulator spans registers NCO1ACCU:NCO1ACCH:NCO1ACCL. The 24 bits are reserved but not all are used.This register updates in real-time, asynchronously to the CPU; there is no provision to guarantee atomic access to this 24-bit space using an 8-bit bus. Writing to this register while the module is operating will produce undefined results. REGISTER 23-6: R/W-0/0 NCO1INCL(1,2): NCO1 INCREMENT REGISTER - LOW BYTE R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 NCO1INC<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: 2: NCO1INC<7:0>: NCO1 Increment, low byte The logical increment spans NCO1INCU:NCO1INCH:NCO1INCL. NCO1INC is double-buffered as INCBUF; INCBUF is updated on the next falling edge of NCOCLK after writing to NCO1INCL;NCO1INCU and NCO1INCH should be written prior to writing NCO1INCL. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 239 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 NCO1INCH(1): NCO1 INCREMENT REGISTER - HIGH BYTE REGISTER 23-7: R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1INC<15:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: NCO1INC<15:8>: NCO1 Increment, high byte The logical increment spans NCO1INCU:NCO1INCH:NCO1INCL. NCO1INCU(1): NCO1 INCREMENT REGISTER - UPPER BYTE REGISTER 23-8: U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1INC<19:16> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3-0 NCO1INC<19:16>: NCO1 Increment, upper byte Note 1: The logical increment spans NCO1INCU:NCO1INCH:NCO1INCL. DS40001799C-page 240 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 23-1: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH NCO1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA0 131 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 TRISA -- -- TRISA5 TRISA4 --(2) ANSELA -- -- ANSA5 ANSA4 TRISC(1) -- -- TRISC5 TRISC4 ANSELC(1) -- -- ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 (1) -- Bit 2 Bit 1 TRISA2 TRISA1 ANSA2 PIR2 -- C2IF C1IF NVMIF -- -- -- NCO1IF 97 PIE2 -- C2IE(1) C1IE NVMIE -- -- -- NCO1IE 92 GIE PEIE -- -- -- -- -- INTEDG 89 N1EN -- N1OUT N1POL -- -- -- N1PFM 237 -- -- -- N1CKS<1:0> INTCON NCO1CON NCO1CLK N1PWS<2:0> NCO1ACCL NCO1ACC <7:0> NCO1ACCH NCO1ACC <15:8> NCO1ACCU -- -- -- NCO1INCL -- 238 239 NCO1ACC <19:16> NCO1INC<7:0> NCO1INCH 238 239 239 NCO1INC<15:8> 240 NCO1INCU -- -- -- -- NCO1INC<19:16> 240 CWG1DAT -- -- -- -- DAT<3:0> 196 MDSRC -- -- -- -- MDMS<3:0> 253 MDCARH -- MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC -- MDCH<3:0> 254 MDCARL -- MDCLPOL MDCLSYNC -- MDCL<3:0> 255 CCPxCAP -- -- -- -- CCPxCTS<3:0> 290 Legend: -- = unimplemented read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used for NCO1 module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as `1'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 241 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 24.0 5-BIT DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER (DAC1) MODULE The Digital-to-Analog Converter supplies a variable voltage reference, ratiometric with the input source, with 32 selectable output levels. 24.1 Output Voltage Selection The DAC has 32 voltage level ranges. The 32 levels are set with the DAC1R<4:0> bits of the DAC1CON1 register. The DAC output voltage is determined by Equation 24-1: The input of the DAC can be connected to: * External VREF pins * VDD supply voltage * FVR (Fixed Voltage Reference) The output of the DAC can be configured to supply a reference voltage to the following: * Comparator positive input * ADC input channel * DAC1OUT pin The Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) is enabled by setting the DAC1EN bit of the DAC1CON0 register. EQUATION 24-1: DAC OUTPUT VOLTAGE V OUT = V SOURCE+ DAC1R 4:0 - + V - V SOURCE- --------------------------------SOURCE5 2 V SOURCE+ = VDD or VREF+ or FVR V 24.2 SOURCE- = V SS or V REF- Ratiometric Output Level The DAC output value is derived using a resistor ladder with each end of the ladder tied to a positive and negative voltage reference input source. If the voltage of either input source fluctuates, a similar fluctuation will result in the DAC output value. The value of the individual resistors within the ladder can be found in Table 35-15. 24.3 DAC Voltage Reference Output The DAC voltage can be output to the DAC1OUT pin by setting the DAC1OE bit of the DAC1CON0 register. Selecting the DAC reference voltage for output on the DAC1OUT pin automatically overrides the digital output buffer and digital input threshold detector functions, it disables the weak pull-up and the constant-current drive function of that pin. Reading the DAC1OUT pin when it has been configured for DAC reference voltage output will always return a `0'. Due to the limited current drive capability, a buffer must be used on the DAC voltage reference output for external connections to the DAC1OUT pin. Figure 24-2 shows an example buffering technique. DS40001799C-page 242 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 24-1: VDD DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER BLOCK DIAGRAM 00 01 VREF+ FVR_buffer2 10 Reserved 11 VSOURCE+ DAC1R<4:0> 5 R DAC1PSS R DAC1EN R 32-to-1 MUX R 32 Steps DAC1_output To Peripherals R DAC1OUT R (1) DAC1OE R DAC1NSS VREF- 1 VSS VSOURCE- 0 Note 1: The unbuffered DAC1_output is provided on the DAC1OUT pin(s). FIGURE 24-2: VOLTAGE REFERENCE OUTPUT BUFFER EXAMPLE PIC(R) MCU DAC Module R Voltage Reference Output Impedance 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DAC1OUT + - Buffered DAC Output DS40001799C-page 243 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 24.4 Operation During Sleep 24.5 The DAC continues to function during Sleep. When the device wakes up from Sleep through an interrupt or a Watchdog Timer time-out, the contents of the DAC1CON0 register are not affected. 24.6 Effects of a Reset A device Reset affects the following: * DAC is disabled. * DAC output voltage is removed from the DAC1OUT pin. * The DAC1R<4:0> range select bits are cleared. Register Definitions: DAC Control REGISTER 24-1: DACCON0: VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 U-0 DAC1EN -- DAC1OE -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 -- DAC1NSS DAC1PSS<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 DAC1EN: DAC1 Enable bit 1 = DAC is enabled 0 = DAC is disabled bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5 DAC1OE: DAC1 Voltage Output 1 Enable bit 1 = DAC voltage level is output on the DAC1OUT pin 0 = DAC voltage level is disconnected from the DAC1OUT pin bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3-2 DAC1PSS<1:0>: DAC1 Positive Source Select bits 11 = Reserved, do not use 10 = FVR output 01 = VREF+ pin 00 = VDD bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 DAC1NSS: DAC1 Negative Source Select bits 1 = VREF- pin 0 = VSS DS40001799C-page 244 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 24-2: DACCON1: VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER 1 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DAC1R<4:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4-0 DAC1R<4:0>: DAC1 Voltage Output Select bits VOUT = (VSRC+ - VSRC-)*(DAC1R<4:0>/32) + VSRC TABLE 24-1: Name DACCON0 SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DAC1 MODULE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 DAC1EN -- DAC1OE -- -- DACCON1 -- -- CMxCON1 CxINTP CxINTN ADCON0 Bit 3 Bit 2 DAC1PSS<1:0> Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on page -- DAC1NSS 244 DAC1R<4:0> CxPCH<2:0> CHS<5:0> 245 CxNCH<2:0> GO/DONE 172 ADON 225 Legend: -- = Unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used with the DAC module. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 245 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 25.0 DATA SIGNAL MODULATOR (DSM) MODULE The Data Signal Modulator (DSM) is a peripheral which allows the user to mix a data stream, also known as a modulator signal, with a carrier signal to produce a modulated output. Both the carrier and the modulator signals are supplied to the DSM module either internally from the output of a peripheral, or externally through an input pin. The modulated output signal is generated by performing a logical "AND" operation of both the carrier and modulator signals and then provided to the MDOUT pin. The carrier signal is comprised of two distinct and separate signals. A carrier high (CARH) signal and a carrier low (CARL) signal. During the time in which the modulator (MOD) signal is in a logic high state, the DSM mixes the carrier high signal with the modulator signal. When the modulator signal is in a logic low state, the DSM mixes the carrier low signal with the modulator signal. Using this method, the DSM can generate the following types of key modulation schemes: * Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) * Phase-Shift Keying (PSK) * On-Off Keying (OOK) Additionally, the following features are provided within the DSM module: * * * * * * * Carrier Synchronization Carrier Source Polarity Select Carrier Source Pin Disable Programmable Modulator Data Modulator Source Pin Disable Modulated Output Polarity Select Slew Rate Control Figure 25-1 shows a simplified block diagram of the Data Signal Modulator peripheral. DS40001799C-page 246 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 25-1: SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE DATA SIGNAL MODULATOR MDCH<3:0> VSS MDCIN1 MDCIN2 CLKR CCP1 CCP2 PWM5 PWM6 1&2 RHVHUYHG FOSC HFINTOSC CLC1 CLC2 5HVHUYHG 5HVHUYHG Data Signal Modulator 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 CARH MDCHPOL D SYNC Q 1 MDMS<3:0> MDBIT MDMIN CCP1 CCP2 PWM5 PWM6 C1 C2 SDO1 5HVHUYHG EUSART TX 1&2 CLC1 CLC2 5HVHUYHG 5HVHUYHG 0 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 MDCHSYNC MOD DSM MDOPOL MDCL<3:0> D VSS MDCIN1 MDCIN2 CLKR CCP1 CCP2 PWM5 PWM6 1&2 RHVHUYHG FOSC HFINTOSC CLC1 CLC2 5HVHUYHG 5HVHUYHG 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 SYNC Q 1 0 CARL MDCLSYNC MDCLPOL 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 247 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 25.1 DSM Operation The DSM module can be enabled by setting the MDEN bit in the MDCON register. Clearing the MDEN bit in the MDCON register, disables the DSM module by automatically switching the carrier high and carrier low signals to the VSS signal source. The modulator signal source is also switched to the MDBIT in the MDCON register. This not only assures that the DSM module is inactive, but that it is also consuming the least amount of current. The values used to select the carrier high, carrier low, and modulator sources held by the Modulation Source, Modulation High Carrier, and Modulation Low Carrier control registers are not affected when the MDEN bit is cleared and the DSM module is disabled. The values inside these registers remain unchanged while the DSM is inactive. The sources for the carrier high, carrier low and modulator signals will once again be selected when the MDEN bit is set and the DSM module is again enabled and active. The modulated output signal can be disabled without shutting down the DSM module. The DSM module will remain active and continue to mix signals, but the output value will not be sent to the DSM pin. During the time that the output is disabled, the DSM pin will remain low. The modulated output can be disabled by clearing the MDEN bit in the MDCON register. 25.2 Modulator Signal Sources The modulator signal can be supplied from the following sources: * * * * * * * * * * * * * CCP1 Output CCP2 Output PWM5 Output PWM6 Output MSSP1 SDO1 (SPI mode only) Comparator C1 Output Comparator C2 Output (PIC16(L)F18323 only) EUSART1 TX Output External Signal on MDMIN pin NCO1 Output CLC1 Output CLC2 Output MDBIT bit in the MDCON register 25.3 Carrier Signal Sources The carrier high signal and carrier low signal can be supplied from the following sources: * * * * * * * * * * * * * CCP1 Output CCP2 Output PWM5 Output PWM6 Output NCO1 Output FOSC (System Clock) HFINTOSC CLC1 Output CLC2 Output CLKR External Signal on MDCIN1 pin External Signal on MDCIN2 pin VSS The carrier high signal is selected by configuring the MDCH <3:0> bits in the MDCARH register. The carrier low signal is selected by configuring the MDCL <3:0> bits in the MDCARL register. 25.4 Carrier Synchronization During the time when the DSM switches between carrier high and carrier low signal sources, the carrier data in the modulated output signal can become truncated. To prevent this, the carrier signal can be synchronized to the modulator signal. When the modulator signal transitions away from the synchronized carrier, the unsynchronized carrier source is immediately active, while the synchronized carrier remains active until its next falling edge. When the modulator signal transitions back to the synchronized carrier, the unsynchronized carrier is immediately disabled, and the modulator waits until the next falling edge of the synchronized carrier before the synchronized carrier becomes active. Synchronization is enabled separately for the carrier high and carrier low signal sources. Synchronization for the carrier high signal is enabled by setting the MDCHSYNC bit in the MDCARH register. Synchronization for the carrier low signal is enabled by setting the MDCLSYNC bit in the MDCARL register. Figure 25-1 through Figure 25-6 show timing diagrams of using various synchronization methods. The modulator signal is selected by configuring the MDMS <3:0> bits in the MDSRC register. DS40001799C-page 248 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 25-2: ON OFF KEYING (OOK) SYNCHRONIZATION Carrier Low (CARL) Carrier High (CARH) Modulator (MOD) MDCHSYNC = 1 MDCLSYNC = 0 MDCHSYNC = 1 MDCLSYNC = 1 MDCHSYNC = 0 MDCLSYNC = 0 MDCHSYNC = 0 MDCLSYNC = 1 FIGURE 25-3: NO SYNCHRONIZATION (MDSHSYNC = 0, MDCLSYNC = 0) Carrier High (CARH) Carrier Low (CARL) Modulator (MOD) MDCHSYNC = 0 MDCLSYNC = 0 Active Carrier State FIGURE 25-4: CARH CARL CARH CARL CARRIER HIGH SYNCHRONIZATION (MDSHSYNC = 1, MDCLSYNC = 0) Carrier High (CARH) Carrier Low (CARL) Modulator (MOD) MDCHSYNC = 1 MDCLSYNC = 0 Active Carrier State CARH 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. both CARL CARH both CARL DS40001799C-page 249 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 25-5: CARRIER LOW SYNCHRONIZATION (MDSHSYNC = 0, MDCLSYNC = 1) Carrier High (CARH) Carrier Low (CARL) Modulator (MOD) MDCHSYNC = 0 MDCLSYNC = 1 Active Carrier State FIGURE 25-6: CARH CARL CARH CARL FULL SYNCHRONIZATION (MDSHSYNC = 1, MDCLSYNC = 1) Carrier High (CARH) Carrier Low (CARL) Modulator (MOD) Falling edges used to sync MDCHSYNC = 1 MDCLSYNC = 1 Active Carrier State DS40001799C-page 250 CARH CARL CARH CARL 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 25.5 Carrier Source Polarity Select The signal provided from any selected input source for the carrier high and carrier low signals can be inverted. Inverting the signal for the carrier high source is enabled by setting the MDCHPOL bit of the MDCARH register. Inverting the signal for the carrier low source is enabled by setting the MDCLPOL bit of the MDCARL register. 25.6 Programmable Modulator Data The MDBIT of the MDCON register can be selected as the source for the modulator signal. This gives the user the ability to program the value used for modulation. 25.7 Modulated Output Polarity The modulated output signal provided on the DSM pin can also be inverted. Inverting the modulated output signal is enabled by setting the MDOPOL bit of the MDCON register. 25.8 Slew Rate Control The slew rate limitation on the output port pin can be disabled. The slew rate limitation can be removed by clearing the SLR bit of the SLRCON register associated with that pin. For example, clearing the slew rate limitation for pin RA5 would require clearing the SLRA5 bit of the SLRCONA register. 25.9 Operation in Sleep Mode The DSM module is not affected by Sleep mode. The DSM can still operate during Sleep, if the Carrier and Modulator input sources are also still operable during Sleep. 25.10 Effects of a Reset Upon any device Reset, the DSM module is disabled. The user's firmware is responsible for initializing the module before enabling the output. The registers are reset to their default values. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 251 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 25.11 Register Definitions: Modulation Control REGISTER 25-1: MDCON: MODULATION CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R-0/0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 MDEN -- -- MDOPOL MDOUT -- -- MDBIT(2) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 MDEN: Modulator Module Enable bit 1 = Modulator module is enabled and mixing input signals 0 = Modulator module is disabled and has no output bit 6-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4 MDOPOL: Modulator Output Polarity Select bit 1 = Modulator output signal is inverted; idle high output 0 = Modulator output signal is not inverted; idle low output bit 3 MDOUT: Modulator Output bit Displays the current output value of the modulator module.(1) bit 2-1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 MDBIT: Allows software to manually set modulation source input to module(2) Note 1: 2: The modulated output frequency can be greater and asynchronous from the clock that updates this register bit, the bit value may not be valid for higher speed modulator or carrier signals. MDBIT must be selected as the modulation source in the MDSRC register for this operation. DS40001799C-page 252 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 25-2: MDSRC: MODULATION SOURCE CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- -- R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u MDMS<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3-0 MDMS<3:0> Modulation Source Selection bits 1111-1110 =Reserved. No channel connected. 1101 = CLC2 output 1100 = CLC1 output 1011 = NCO1 output 1010 = EUSART1 TX output 1000 = MSSP1 SDO1 output 0111 = C2 (Comparator 2) output(1) 0110 = C1 (Comparator 1) output 0101 = PWM6 output 0100 = PWM5 output 0011 = CCP2 output (PWM Output mode only) 0010 = CCP1 output (PWM Output mode only) 0001 = MDMINPPS 0000 = MDBIT bit of MDCON register is modulation source Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 253 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 25-3: U-0 MDCARH: MODULATION HIGH CARRIER CONTROL REGISTER R/W-x/u -- MDCHPOL R/W-x/u MDCHSYNC U-0 R/W-x/u -- R/W-x/u R/W-x/u MDCH<3:0> R/W-x/u (1) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6 MDCHPOL: Modulator High Carrier Polarity Select bit 1 = Selected high carrier signal is inverted 0 = Selected high carrier signal is not inverted bit 5 MDCHSYNC: Modulator High Carrier Synchronization Enable bit 1 = Modulator waits for a falling edge on the high time carrier signal before allowing a switch to the low time carrier 0 = Modulator output is not synchronized to the high time carrier signal(1) bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3-0 MDCH<3:0> Modulator Data High Carrier Selection bits (1) 1111-1110 =Reserved. No channel connected 1101 = CLC2 output 1100 = CLC1 output 1011 = HFINTOSC 1010 = FOSC 1001 = Reserved. No channel connected. 1000 = NCO1 output 0111 = PWM6 output 0110 = PWM5 output 0101 = CCP2 output (PWM Output mode only) 0100 = CCP1 output (PWM Output mode only) 0011 = Reference clock module signal (CLKR) 0010 = MDCIN2PPS 0001 = MDCIN1PPS 0000 = VSS Note 1: Narrowed carrier pulse widths or spurs may occur in the signal stream if the carrier is not synchronized. DS40001799C-page 254 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 25-4: U-0 MDCARL: MODULATION LOW CARRIER CONTROL REGISTER R/W-x/u -- MDCLPOL R/W-x/u MDCLSYNC U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u (1) -- MDCL<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6 MDCLPOL: Modulator Low Carrier Polarity Select bit 1 = Selected low carrier signal is inverted 0 = Selected low carrier signal is not inverted bit 5 MDCLSYNC: Modulator Low Carrier Synchronization Enable bit 1 = Modulator waits for a falling edge on the low time carrier signal before allowing a switch to the high time carrier 0 = Modulator output is not synchronized to the low time carrier signal(1) bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 3-0 MDCL<3:0>: Modulator Data High Carrier Selection bits (1) 1111-1110 =Reserved. No channel connected 1101 = CLC2 output 1100 = CLC1 output 1011 = HFINTOSC 1010 = FOSC 1001 = Reserved. No channel connected. 1000 = NCO1 output 0111 = PWM6 output 0110 = PWM5 output 0101 = CCP2 output (PWM Output mode only) 0100 = CCP1 output (PWM Output mode only) 0011 = Reference clock module signal (CLKR) 0010 = MDCIN2PPS 0001 = MDCIN1PPS 0000 = VSS Note 1: Narrowed carrier pulse widths or spurs may occur in the signal stream if the carrier is not synchronized. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 255 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 25-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH DATA SIGNAL MODULATOR MODE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA TRISA5 TRISA4 (2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSELA ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 SLRCONA SLRA5 SLRA4 SLRA2 SLRA1 SLRA0 134 INLVLA INLVLA5 INLVLA4 INLVLA3 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 134 TRISC TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 ANSELC(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 SLRCONC(1) SLRC5 SLRC4 SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 SLRC0 140 INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 MDOUT Name (1) INLVLC (1) 141 MDCON MDEN MDOPOL MDSRC MDMS<3:0> 253 MDCARH MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC MDCH<3:0> 254 MDCARL MDCLPOL MDCLSYNC MDCIN1PPS MDCIN1PPS<4:0> MDCIN2PPS MDCIN2PPS<4:0> 144 MDMINPPS MDMINPPS<4:0> 144 Legend: Note 1: 2: MDBIT MDCL<3:0> 252 255 144 -- = unimplemented, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used in the Data Signal Modulator mode. PIC16(L)F18323 only. Unimplemented. Read as `1'. DS40001799C-page 256 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 26.0 TIMER0 MODULE The Timer0 module is an 8/16-bit timer/counter with the following features: * * * * * * * * * 16-bit timer/counter 8-bit timer/counter with programmable period Synchronous or asynchronous operation Selectable clock sources Programmable prescaler (independent of Watchdog Timer) Programmable postscaler Operation during Sleep mode Interrupt on match or overflow Output on I/O pin (via PPS) or to other peripherals 26.1 Timer0 Operation Timer0 can operate as either an 8-bit timer/counter or a 16-bit timer/counter. The mode is selected with the T016BIT bit of the T0CON register. When used with the FOSC/4 clock source, the module is a timer and increments on every instruction cycle. When used with any other clock source, the module can be used as either a timer or a counter and increments on every rising edge of the external source. 26.1.1 16-BIT MODE In normal operation, TMR0 increments on the rising edge of the clock source. A 15-bit prescaler on the clock input gives several prescale options (see prescaler control bits, T0CKPS<3:0> in the T0CON1 register). 26.1.1.1 Timer0 Reads and Writes in 16-bit Mode TMR0H is not the actual high byte of Timer0 in 16-bit mode. It is actually a buffered version of the real high byte of Timer0, which is neither directly readable nor writable (see Figure 26-1). TMR0H is updated with the contents of the high byte of Timer0 during a read of TMR0L. This provides the ability to read all 16 bits of Timer0 without having to verify that the read of the high and low byte was valid, due to a rollover between successive reads of the high and low byte. Similarly, a write to the high byte of Timer0 must also take place through the TMR0H Buffer register. The high byte is updated with the contents of TMR0H when a write occurs to TMR0L. This allows all 16 bits of Timer0 to be updated at once. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 26.1.2 8-BIT MODE In normal operation, TMR0 increments on the rising edge of the clock source. A 15-bit prescaler on the clock input gives several prescale options (see prescaler control bits, T0CKPS<3:0> in the T0CON1 register). In 8-bit mode, TMR0H no longer functions as the Timer0 high byte, but instead functions as the Period Register (PR). The value of TMR0L is compared to that of TMR0H on each clock cycle. When the two values match, the following events happen: * TMR0_out goes high for one prescaled clock period * TMR0L is reset * The contents of TMR0H are copied to the period buffer In 8-bit mode, the TMR0L and TMR0H registers are both directly readable and writable. The TMR0L register is cleared on any device Reset, while the TMR0H register initializes at FFh. Both the prescaler and postscaler counters are cleared on the following events: * A write to the TMR0L register * A write to either the T0CON0 or T0CON1 registers. * Any device Reset - Power-on Reset (POR),MCLR Reset, Watchdog Timer Reset (WDTR) or Brown-out Reset (BOR) 26.1.3 COUNTER MODE In Counter mode, the prescaler is normally disabled by setting the T0CKPS bits of the T0CON1 register to `0000'. Each rising edge of the clock input (or the output of the prescaler if the prescaler is used) increments the counter by `1'. 26.1.4 TIMER MODE In Timer mode, the Timer0 module will increment every instruction cycle as long as there is a valid clock signal and the T0CKPS bits of the T0CON1 register (Register 26-4) are set to `0000'. When a prescaler is added, the timer will increment at the rate based on the prescaler value. 26.1.5 ASYNCHRONOUS MODE When the T0ASYNC bit of the T0CON1 register is set (T0ASYNC = 1), the counter increments with each rising edge of the input source (or output of the prescaler, if used). Asynchronous mode allows the counter to continue operation during Sleep mode provided that the clock also continues to operate during Sleep. DS40001799C-page 257 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 26.1.6 SYNCHRONOUS MODE When the T0ASYNC bit of the T0CON1 register is clear (T0ASYNC = 0), the counter clock is synchronized to the system oscillator (FOSC/4). When operating in Synchronous mode, the counter clock frequency cannot exceed FOSC/4. 26.2 Clock Source Selection The T0CS<2:0> bits of the T0CON1 register are used to select the clock source for Timer0. Register 26-4 displays the clock source selections. 26.2.1 INTERNAL CLOCK SOURCE When the internal clock source is selected, Timer0 operates as a timer and will increment on multiples of the clock source, as determined by the Timer0 prescaler. 26.2.2 EXTERNAL CLOCK SOURCE When an external clock source is selected, Timer0 can operate as either a timer or a counter. Timer0 will increment on multiples of the rising edge of the external clock source, as determined by the Timer0 prescaler. 26.3 Programmable Prescaler A software programmable prescaler is available for exclusive use with Timer0. There are 16 prescaler options for Timer0 ranging in powers of two from 1:1 to 1:32768. The prescaler values are selected using the T0CKPS<3:0> bits of the T0CON1 register. The prescaler is not directly readable or writable. Clearing the prescaler register can be done by writing to the TMR0L register, the T0CON0 register, or the T0CON1 register. 26.4 26.6 Timer0 Interrupts The Timer0 Interrupt Flag bit (TMR0IF) is set when either of the following conditions occur: * 8-bit TMR0L matches the TMR0H value * 16-bit TMR0 rolls over from FFFFh When the postscaler bits (T0OUTPS<3:0>) are set to 1:1 operation (no division), the T0IF Flag bit will be set with every TMR0 match or rollover. In general, the TMR0IF Flag bit will be set every T0OUTPS +1 matches or rollovers. If Timer0 interrupts are enabled (TMR0IE bit of the PIE0 register = 1), the CPU will be interrupted and the device may wake from Sleep (see Section 26.5 "Operation During Sleep" for more details). 26.7 Timer0 Output The Timer0 output can be routed to any I/O pin via the RxyPPS output selection register (see Section 13.0 "Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module" for additional information). The Timer0 output can also be used by other peripherals, such as the auto-conversion trigger of the Analog-to-Digital Converter. Finally, the Timer0 output can be monitored through software via the Timer0 Output bit (T0OUT) of the T0CON0 register (Register 26-3). TMR0_out will be one postscaled clock period when a match occurs between TMR0L and TMR0H in 8-bit mode, or when TMR0 rolls over in 16-bit mode. When a match condition occurs, the Timer0 output will toggle every T0OUTPS + 1 match. The total Timer0 period takes two match events to occur, and creates a 50% duty cycle output. Programmable Postscaler A software programmable postscaler (output divider) is available for exclusive use with Timer0. There are 16 postscaler options for Timer0 ranging from 1:1 to 1:16. The postscaler values are selected using the T0OUTPS<3:0> bits of the T0CON0 register. The postscaler is not directly readable or writable. Clearing the postscaler register can be done by writing to the TMR0L register, the T0CON0 register, or the T0CON1 register. 26.5 Operation During Sleep When operating synchronously, Timer0 will halt. When operating asynchronously, Timer0 will continue to increment and wake the device from Sleep (if Timer0 interrupts are enabled) provided that the input clock source is active. DS40001799C-page 258 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 26-1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF TIMER0 Rev. 10-000017B 4/6/2017 CLC1 111 SOSC 110 Reserved 101 LFINTOSC 100 HFINTOSC 011 FOSC/4 T0CKIPPS T0CKPS<3:0> TMR0 BODY 1 Prescaler SYNC 010 (Inverted) 001 T0CKIPPS 000 Peripherals T0IF T0OUTPS<3:0> 0 IN OUT T0_out Postscaler TMR0 FOSC/4 T016BIT T0ASYNC Q D PPS RxyPPS CK Q T0CS<2:0> 8-bit TMR0 Body Diagram (T016BIT = 0) IN TMR0L R Clear 16-bit TMR0 Body Diagram (T016BIT = 1) IN TMR0L TMR0 High Byte(1) OUT 8 Read TMR0L COMPARATOR OUT Write TMR0L T0_match 8 8 TMR0H TMR0 High Byte(1) Latch Enable 8 TMR0H 8 Internal Data Bus 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 259 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 26.8 Register Definitions: Timer0 Register REGISTER 26-1: R/W-0/0 TMR0L: TIMER0 COUNT REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMR0L<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 TMR0L<7:0>:TMR0 Counter bits 7..0 REGISTER 26-2: R/W-1/1 TMR0H: TIMER0 PERIOD REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 TMR0H<7:0> or TMR0<15:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 When T016BIT = 0 TMR0H<7:0>:TMR0 Period Register Bits 7..0 When T016BIT = 1 TMR0<15:8>: TMR0 Counter bits 15..8 DS40001799C-page 260 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 26-3: T0CON0: TIMER0 CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R-0 R/W-0/0 T0EN -- T0OUT T016BIT R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 T0OUTPS<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 T0EN:TMR0 Enable bit 1 = The module is enabled and operating 0 = The module is disabled and in the lowest power mode bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5 T0OUT:TMR0 Output (read-only) TMR0 output bit bit 4 T016BIT: TMR0 Operating as 16-bit Timer Select bit 1 = TMR0 is a 16-bit timer 0 = TMR0 is an 8-bit timer bit 3-0 T0OUTPS<3:0>: TMR0 Output Postscaler (divider) Select bits 0000 = 1:1 Postscaler 0001 = 1:2 Postscaler 0010 = 1:3 Postscaler 0011 = 1:4 Postscaler 0100 = 1:5 Postscaler 0101 = 1:6 Postscaler 0110 = 1:7 Postscaler 0111 = 1:8 Postscaler 1000 = 1:9 Postscaler 1001 = 1:10 Postscaler 1010 = 1:11 Postscaler 1011 = 1:12 Postscaler 1100 = 1:13 Postscaler 1101 = 1:14 Postscaler 1110 = 1:15 Postscaler 1111 = 1:16 Postscaler 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 261 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 26-4: R/W-0/0 T0CON1: TIMER0 CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 T0CS<2:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 T0ASYNC R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 T0CKPS<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 T0CS<2:0>:Timer0 Clock Source Select bits 000 = T0CKIPPS (True) 001 = T0CKIPPS (Inverted) 010 = FOSC/4 011 = HFINTOSC 100 = LFINTOSC 101 = Reserved 110 = SOSC 111 = CLC1 bit 4 T0ASYNC: TMR0 Input Asynchronization Enable bit 1 = The input to the TMR0 counter is not synchronized to system clocks 0 = The input to the TMR0 counter is synchronized to FOSC/4 bit 3-0 T0CKPS<3:0>: Prescaler Rate Select bit 0000 = 1:1 0001 = 1:2 0010 = 1:4 0011 = 1:8 0100 = 1:16 0101 = 1:32 0110 = 1:64 0111 = 1:128 1000 = 1:256 1001 = 1:512 1010 = 1:1024 1011 = 1:2048 1100 = 1:4096 1101 = 1:8192 1110 = 1:16384 1111 = 1:32768 DS40001799C-page 262 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 26-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER0 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA TRISA5 TRISA4 (2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSELA ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 TRISC(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 ANSELC(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 139 Name TMR0L TMR0H T0CON0 ANSC0 TMR0L<7:0> 260 TMR0H<7:0> or TMR0<15:8> T0EN T0CON1 T0OUT T0CS<2:0> 260 T016BIT T0OUTPS<3:0> 261 T0ASYNC T0CKPS<3:0> 262 T0CKIPPS T0CKIPPS<4:0> 144 TMR0PPS TMR0PPS<4:0> 144 ADACT ADACT<4:0> 227 CLCxSELy T1GCON TMR1GE T1GPOL INTCON LCxDyS<5:0> T1GTM T1GSPM 210 T1GGO/DONE T1GVAL T1GSS<1:0> 274 GIE PEIE INTEDG 89 PIR0 TMR0IF IOCIF INTF 95 PIE0 TMR0IE IOCIE INTE 90 Legend: -- = Unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by the Timer0 module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as `1'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 263 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 27.0 TIMER1 MODULE WITH GATE CONTROL Timer1 module is a 16-bit timer/counter, with the following features: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 16-bit timer/counter register pair (TMR1H:TMR1L) Programmable internal or external clock source 2-bit prescaler Clock source for optional comparator synchronization Multiple Timer1 gate (count enable) sources Interrupt on overflow Wake-up on overflow (external clock, Asynchronous mode only) Time base for the Capture/Compare function with the CCP modules Auto-Conversion Trigger (with CCP) Selectable Gate Source Polarity Gate Toggle mode Gate Single-Pulse mode Gate Value Status Gate Event Interrupt Figure 27-1 is a block diagram of the Timer1 module. DS40001799C-page 264 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 27-1: TIMER1 BLOCK DIAGRAM T1GSS<1:0> T1G 00 T0_overflow 01 C1OUT_sync 10 T1GSPM 0 11 C2OUT_sync 1 D 1 Single Pulse Acq. Control D 0 Q T1GVAL Q1 Q T1GGO/DONE T1GPOL CK Q Interrupt TMR1ON R set bit TMR1GIF det T1GTM TMR1GE set flag bit TMR1IF T1_overflow TMR1ON TMR1 TMR1H EN (2) TMR1L Q Synchronized Clock Input 0 D 1 T1CLK T1SYNC TMR1CS<1:0> T1SOSC LFINTOSC SOSC_clk (1) T1CKI 1 0 11 10 Fosc Internal Clock 01 00 Fosc/4 Internal Clock Note 1: ST Buffer is high speed type when using T1CKI. 2: Timer1 register increments on rising edge. 3: Synchronize does not operate while in Sleep Prescaler 1,2,4,8 Synchronize(3) det 2 T1CKPS<1:0> Fosc/2 Internal Clock Sleep Input Note 1: ST Buffer is high speed type when using T1CKI. 2: Timer1 register increments on rising edge. 3: Synchronize does not operate while in Sleep. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 265 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 27.1 Timer1 Operation 27.2 The Timer1 module is a 16-bit incrementing timer which is accessed through the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. Writes to TMR1H or TMR1L directly update the timer. The module can be used with either internal or external clock sources, and has the Timer1 Gate Enable function. When Timer1 is used with the Timer1 Gate Enable, the timer can measure time intervals or count signal pulses between two points of interest. When used without the Timer1 Gate Enable, the timer simply measures time intervals. Timer1 is enabled by configuring the TMR1ON and TMR1GE bits in the T1CON and T1GCON registers, respectively. Table 27-1 displays the Timer1 enable selections. TABLE 27-1: Clock Source Selection The TMR1CS<1:0> and T1OSC bits of the T1CON register are used to select the clock source for Timer1. Table 27-2 displays the clock source selections. The TMR1H:TMR1L register pair will increment on multiples of the clock source as determined by the Timer1 prescaler. When either the FOSC or LFINTOSC clock source is selected, the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair will increment every rising clock edge. Reading from the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair when either the FOSC or LFINTOSC is the clock source will cause a 2 LSb loss in resolution, which can be mitigated by using an asynchronous input signal to gate the Timer1 clock input (see Section 26.5 "Operation During Sleep" for more information on the Timer1 Gate Enable). When the FOSC/4 clock source is selected, the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair increments every instruction cycle (once every four FOSC pulses). TIMER1 ENABLE SELECTIONS Timer1 Operation TMR1ON TMR1GE 0 0 Off 0 1 Off 1 0 Always On 1 1 Count Enabled In addition to the internal clock sources, Timer1 has a dedicated external clock input pin, T1CKI. T1CKI can be either synchronized to the system clock or can run asynchronously via the T1SYNC bit of the T1CON register. When the T1CKI pin is used as the clock source, the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair increments on the rising edge of the T1CKI clock input. Note: When using Timer1 to count events, a falling edge must be registered by the counter prior to the first incrementing rising edge after any one or more of the following conditions: * * * * TABLE 27-2: Timer1 enabled after POR Write to TMR1H or TMR1L Timer1 is disabled Timer1 is disabled (TMR1ON = 0) when T1CKI is high then Timer1 is enabled (TMR1ON=1) when T1CKI is low. CLOCK SOURCE SELECTIONS TMR1CS<1:0> Clock Source 11 LFINTOSC 10 External Clocking on T1CKI Pin 01 System Clock (FOSC) 00 Instruction Clock (FOSC/4) DS40001799C-page 266 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 27.2.1 TIMER1 (SECONDARY) OSCILLATOR A dedicated low-power 32.768 kHz oscillator circuit is built-in between pins SOSCI (input) and SOSCO (amplifier output). This internal circuit is designed to be used in conjunction with an external 32.768 kHz crystal. The oscillator circuit is enabled by setting the T1SOSC bit of the T1CON register. The oscillator will continue to run during Sleep. Note: 27.3 The oscillator requires a start-up and stabilization time before use. Thus, T1SOSC should be set and a suitable delay observed prior to using Timer1. A suitable delay similar to the OST delay can be implemented in software by clearing the TMR1IF bit then presetting the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair to FC00h. The TMR1IF flag will be set when 1024 clock cycles have elapsed, thereby indicating that the oscillator is running and reasonably stable. Timer1 Prescaler Timer1 has four prescaler options allowing 1, 2, 4 or 8 divisions of the clock input. The T1CKPS bits of the T1CON register control the prescale counter. The prescale counter is not directly readable or writable; however, the prescaler counter is cleared upon a write to TMR1H or TMR1L. 27.4 Timer1 Operation in Asynchronous Mode If the control bit T1SYNC of the T1CON register is set, the external clock input is not synchronized. The timer increments asynchronously to the internal phase clocks. If the external clock source is selected then the timer will continue to run during Sleep and can generate an interrupt on overflow, which will wake-up the processor. However, special precautions in software are needed to read/write the timer (see Section 27.4.1 "Reading and Writing Timer1 in Asynchronous Mode"). Note: 27.4.1 READING AND WRITING TIMER1 IN ASYNCHRONOUS MODE Reading TMR1H or TMR1L while the timer is running from an external asynchronous clock will ensure a valid read (taken care of in hardware). However, the user should keep in mind that reading the 16-bit timer in two 8-bit values itself, poses certain problems, since the timer may overflow between the reads. For writes, it is recommended that the user simply stop the timer and write the desired values. A write contention may occur by writing to the timer registers, while the register is incrementing. This may produce an unpredictable value in the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. 27.5 Timer1 Gate Timer1 can be configured to count freely or the count can be enabled and disabled using Timer1 gate circuitry. This is also referred to as Timer1 Gate Enable. Timer1 gate can also be driven by multiple selectable sources. 27.5.1 TIMER1 GATE ENABLE The Timer1 Gate Enable mode is enabled by setting the TMR1GE bit of the T1GCON register. The polarity of the Timer1 Gate Enable mode is configured using the T1GPOL bit of the T1GCON register. When Timer1 Gate Enable mode is enabled, Timer1 will increment on the rising edge of the Timer1 clock source. When Timer1 Gate Enable mode is disabled, no incrementing will occur and Timer1 will hold the current count. See Figure 27-3 for timing details. TABLE 27-3: TIMER1 GATE ENABLE SELECTIONS T1CLK T1GPOL T1G Timer1 Operation 0 0 Counts 0 1 Holds Count 1 0 Holds Count 1 1 Counts When switching from synchronous to asynchronous operation, it is possible to skip an increment. When switching from asynchronous to synchronous operation, it is possible to produce an additional increment. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 267 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 27.5.2 TIMER1 GATE SOURCE SELECTION Timer1 gate source selections are shown in Table 27-4. Source selection is controlled by the T1GSS bits of the T1GCON register. The polarity of the selected input is configurable. Polarity selection is controlled by the T1GPOL bit of the T1GCON register. TABLE 27-4: T1GSS TIMER1 GATE SOURCES Timer1 Gate Pin 01 Overflow of Timer0 (TMR0 increments from FFh to 00h) 10 Comparator 1 Output (optionally Timer1 synchronized output) 11 Comparator 2 Output (optionally Timer1 synchronized output) T1G Pin Gate Operation The T1G pin is one source for Timer1 gate control. It can be used to supply an external source to the Timer1 gate circuitry. 27.5.2.2 Timer0 Overflow Gate Operation When Timer0 increments from FFh to 00h, a low-to-high pulse will automatically be generated and internally supplied to the Timer1 gate circuitry. 27.5.2.3 Comparator C1 Gate Operation The output resulting from a Comparator 1 operation can be selected as a source for Timer1 gate control. The Comparator 1 output can be synchronized to the Timer1 clock or left asynchronous. For more information see Section 18.4.1 "Comparator Output Synchronization". 27.5.2.4 Note: 27.5.4 Timer1 Gate Source 00 27.5.2.1 Timer1 Gate Toggle mode is enabled by setting the T1GTM bit of the T1GCON register. When the T1GTM bit is cleared, the flip-flop is cleared and held clear. This is necessary in order to control which edge is measured. Comparator C2 Gate Operation Enabling Toggle mode at the same time as changing the gate polarity may result in indeterminate operation. TIMER1 GATE SINGLE-PULSE MODE When Timer1 Gate Single-Pulse mode is enabled, it is possible to capture a single-pulse gate event. Timer1 Gate Single-Pulse mode is first enabled by setting the T1GSPM bit in the T1GCON register. Next, the T1GGO/DONE bit in the T1GCON register must be set. The Timer1 will be fully enabled on the next incrementing edge of the Timer1 gate signal. On the next trailing edge of the Timer1 gate signal, the T1GGO/DONE bit will automatically be cleared. No other gate events will be allowed to increment Timer1 until the T1GGO/DONE bit is once again set in software. See Figure 27-5 for timing details. If the Single-Pulse Gate mode is disabled by clearing the T1GSPM bit in the T1GCON register, the T1GGO/DONE bit should also be cleared. Enabling the Toggle mode and the Single-Pulse mode simultaneously will permit both sections to work together. This allows the period of the Timer1 gate source to be measured. See Figure 27-6 for timing details. 27.5.5 TIMER1 GATE VALUE STATUS When Timer1 Gate Value Status is utilized, it is possible to read the most current level of the gate control value. The value is stored in the T1GVAL bit in the T1GCON register. The T1GVAL bit is valid even when the Timer1 gate is not enabled (TMR1GE bit is cleared). The output resulting from a Comparator 2 operation can be selected as a source for Timer1 gate control. The Comparator 2 output can be synchronized to the Timer1 clock or left asynchronous. For more information see Section 18.4.1 "Comparator Output Synchronization". 27.5.3 TIMER1 GATE TOGGLE MODE When Timer1 Gate Toggle mode is enabled, it is possible to measure the full period of a Timer1 gate signal, as opposed to the duration of a single pulse. The Timer1 gate source is routed through a flip-flop that changes state on every incrementing edge of the signal. See Figure 27-4 for timing details. DS40001799C-page 268 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 27.6 Timer1 Interrupt The Timer1 register pair (TMR1H:TMR1L) increments to FFFFh and rolls over to 0000h. When Timer1 rolls over, the Timer1 interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register is set. To enable the interrupt on rollover, you must set these bits: * * * * TMR1ON bit of the T1CON register TMR1IE bit of the PIE1 register PEIE bit of the INTCON register GIE bit of the INTCON register The interrupt is cleared by clearing the TMR1IF bit in the Interrupt Service Routine. Note: 27.6.1 The TMR1H:TMR1L register pair and the TMR1IF bit should be cleared before enabling interrupts. TIMER1 GATE EVENT INTERRUPT When Timer1 Gate Event Interrupt is enabled, it is possible to generate an interrupt upon the completion of a gate event. When the falling edge of T1GVAL occurs, the TMR1GIF flag bit in the PIR1 register will be set. If the TMR1GIE bit in the PIE1 register is set, then an interrupt will be recognized. The TMR1GIF flag bit operates even when the Timer1 gate is not enabled (TMR1GE bit is cleared). 27.7 Timer1 Operation During Sleep Timer1 can only operate during Sleep when setup in Asynchronous mode. In this mode, an external crystal or clock source can be used to increment the timer. To set up the timer to wake the device: * * * * * TMR1ON bit of the T1CON register must be set TMR1IE bit of the PIE1 register must be set PEIE bit of the INTCON register must be set T1SYNC bit of the T1CON register must be set TMR1CS bits of the T1CON register must be configured * T1SOSC bit of the T1CON register must be configured 27.8 CCP Capture/Compare Time Base The CCP modules use the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair as the time base when operating in Capture or Compare mode. In Capture mode, the value in the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair is copied into the CCPR1H:CCPR1L register pair on a configured event. In Compare mode, an event is triggered when the value CCPR1H:CCPR1L register pair matches the value in the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. This event can be an Auto-conversion Trigger. For more information, see "Capture/Compare/PWM Modules". 27.9 Section 29.0 CCP Auto-Conversion Trigger When any of the CCP's are configured to trigger an auto-conversion, the trigger will clear the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. This auto-conversion does not cause a Timer1 interrupt. The CCP module may still be configured to generate a CCP interrupt. In this mode of operation, the CCPR1H:CCPR1L register pair becomes the period register for Timer1. Timer1 should be synchronized and FOSC/4 should be selected as the clock source in order to utilize the Auto-conversion Trigger. Asynchronous operation of Timer1 can cause an Auto-conversion Trigger to be missed. In the event that a write to TMR1H or TMR1L coincides with an Auto-conversion Trigger from the CCP, the write will take precedence. For more information, see Section 29.2.3 "Auto-Conversion Trigger". The device will wake-up on an overflow and execute the next instructions. If the GIE bit of the INTCON register is set, the device will call the Interrupt Service Routine. Secondary oscillator will continue to operate in Sleep regardless of the T1SYNC bit setting. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 269 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 27-2: TIMER1 INCREMENTING EDGE T1CKI = 1 when TMR1 Enabled T1CKI = 0 when TMR1 Enabled Note 1: 2: Arrows indicate timer increments. When used to count events, a falling edge must be registered by the counter prior to the first incrementing rising edge of the clock. FIGURE 27-3: TIMER1 GATE ENABLE MODE TMR1GE T1GPOL t1g_in T1CKI T1GVAL Timer1 DS40001799C-page 270 N N+1 N+2 N+3 N+4 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 27-4: TIMER1 GATE TOGGLE MODE TMR1GE T1GPOL T1GTM t1g_in T1CKI T1GVAL Timer1 FIGURE 27-5: N N+1 N+2 N+3 N+4 N+5 N+6 N+7 N+8 TIMER1 GATE SINGLE-PULSE MODE TMR1GE T1GPOL T1GSPM T1GGO/ Cleared by hardware on falling edge of T1GVAL Set by software DONE Counting enabled on rising edge of T1G t1g_in T1CKI T1GVAL Timer1 TMR1GIF N Cleared by software 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. N+1 N+2 Set by hardware on falling edge of T1GVAL Cleared by software DS40001799C-page 271 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 27-6: TIMER1 GATE SINGLE-PULSE AND TOGGLE COMBINED MODE TMR1GE T1GPOL T1GSPM T1GTM T1GGO/ Cleared by hardware on falling edge of T1GVAL Set by software DONE Counting enabled on rising edge of T1G t1g_in T1CKI T1GVAL Timer1 TMR1GIF DS40001799C-page 272 N Cleared by software N+1 N+2 N+3 N+4 Set by hardware on falling edge of T1GVAL Cleared by software 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 27.10 Register Definitions: Timer1 Control REGISTER 27-1: R/W-0/u T1CON: TIMER1 CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/u R/W-0/u TMR1CS<1:0> R/W-0/u T1CKPS<1:0> R/W-0/u R/W-0/u U-0 R/W-0/u T1SOSC T1SYNC -- TMR1ON bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 TMR1CS<1:0>: Timer1 Clock Source Select bits 11 = Timer1 clock Source is LFINTOSC 10 = Timer1 clock source is pin or oscillator: If T1SOSC = 0: External clock from T1CKIPPS pin (on the rising edge) If T1SOSC = 1: Clock from SOSC, either crystal oscillator on T1SOSCI/T1SOSCO pins, or SOSCIN input 01 = Timer1 clock source is system clock (FOSC) 00 = Timer1 clock source is instruction clock (FOSC/4) bit 5-4 T1CKPS<1:0>: Timer1 Input Clock Prescale Select bits 11 = 1:8 Prescale value 10 = 1:4 Prescale value 01 = 1:2 Prescale value 00 = 1:1 Prescale value bit 3 T1SOSC: LP Oscillator Enable Control bit 1 = SOSC requested as the clock source 0 = T1CKI enabled as the clock source bit 2 T1SYNC: Timer1 Synchronization Control bit TMR1CS<1:0> = 1x 1 = Do not synchronize external clock input 0 = Synchronize external clock input with system clock TMR1CS<1:0> = 0x This bit is ignored. Timer1 uses the internal clock and no additional synchronization is performed. bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 0 TMR1ON: Timer1 On bit 1 = Enables Timer1 0 = Stops Timer1 and clears Timer1 gate flip-flop 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 273 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 27-2: T1GCON: TIMER1 GATE CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W/HC-0/u R-x/x TMR1GE T1GPOL T1GTM T1GSPM T1GGO/DONE T1GVAL R/W-0/u R/W-0/u T1GSS<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HC = Bit is cleared by hardware bit 7 TMR1GE: Timer1 Gate Enable bit If TMR1ON = 0: This bit is ignored If TMR1ON = 1: 1 = Timer1 counting is controlled by the Timer1 gate function 0 = Timer1 is always counting bit 6 T1GPOL: Timer1 Gate Polarity bit 1 = Timer1 gate is active-high (Timer1 counts when gate is high) 0 = Timer1 gate is active-low (Timer1 counts when gate is low) bit 5 T1GTM: Timer1 Gate Toggle Mode bit 1 = Timer1 Gate Toggle mode is enabled 0 = Timer1 Gate Toggle mode is disabled and toggle flip-flop is cleared Timer1 gate flip-flop toggles on every rising edge. bit 4 T1GSPM: Timer1 Gate Single-Pulse Mode bit 1 = Timer1 Gate Single-Pulse mode is enabled and is controlling Timer1 gate 0 = Timer1 Gate Single-Pulse mode is disabled bit 3 T1GGO/DONE: Timer1 Gate Single-Pulse Acquisition Status bit 1 = Timer1 gate single-pulse acquisition is ready, waiting for an edge 0 = Timer1 gate single-pulse acquisition has completed or has not been started This bit is automatically cleared when T1GSPM is cleared bit 2 T1GVAL: Timer1 Gate Value Status bit (read-only) Indicates the current state of the Timer1 gate, latched at Q1, provided to TMR1H:TMR1L Unaffected by Timer1 Gate Enable (TMR1GE) bit 1-0 T1GSS<1:0>: Timer1 Gate Source Select bits 11 = Comparator 2 optionally synchronized output(1) 10 = Comparator 1 optionally synchronized output 01 = Timer0 overflow output 00 = Timer1 gate pin Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only; otherwise Reserved - do not use. DS40001799C-page 274 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 27-3: R/W-x/u TMR1L: TIMER1 LOW BYTE REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u TMR1L<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 TMR1L<7:0>: TMR1 Low Byte bits REGISTER 27-4: R/W-x/u TMR1H: TIMER1 HIGH BYTE REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u TMR1H<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 TMR1H<7:0>: TMR1 High Byte bits 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 275 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 27-5: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER1 Register on Page Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 TRISA TRISA5 TRISA4 (2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSELA ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 TRISC(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 ANSELC(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 GIE PEIE INTEDG 89 INTCON PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 96 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 91 PIR3 OSFIF CSWIF CLC2IF CLC1IF 98 PIE3 OSFIE CSWIE CLC2IE CLC1IE 93 PIR4 CWG1IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 99 PIE4 CWG1IE T1CON TMR1CS<1:0> T1GCON TMR1GE T1GPOL T1CKPS<1:0> T1GTM T1GSPM CCP2IE CCP1IE 94 T1SOSC T1SYNC TMR1ON 273 T1GGO/DONE T1GVAL T1GSS<1:0> 274 TMR1L TMR1L<7:0> 275 TMR1H TMR1H<7:0> 275 T1GPPS T0CON0 T0EN T0OUT T016BIT CxPOL T1CKIPPS CMxCON0 CxON CxOUT CCPxCON CCPxEN CLCxSELy ADACT Legend: Note 1: 2: T1CKIPPS<4:0> 144 T1GPPS<4:0> CCPxOUT CCPxFMT 144 T0OUTPS<3:0> CxSP CxHYS CCPxMODE<3:0> LCxDyS<4:0> ADACT<3:0> 261 CxSYNC 171 289 210 227 -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by the Timer1 module. PIC16(L)F18323 only. Unimplemented, read as `1'. DS40001799C-page 276 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 28.0 TIMER2 MODULE Timer2 module is an 8-bit timer that incorporates the following features: * 8-bit Timer and Period registers (TMR2 and PR2, respectively) * Readable and writable (both registers) * Software programmable prescaler (1:1, 1:4, 1:16, and 1:64) * Software programmable postscaler (1:1 to 1:16) * Interrupt on TMR2 match with PR2 * Optional use as the shift clock for the MSSP1 module See Figure 28-1 for a block diagram of Timer2. FIGURE 28-1: TIMER2 BLOCK DIAGRAM T_match Fosc/4 Prescaler 1:1, 1:4, 1:16, 1:64 TMR2 To Peripherals R 2 TCKPS<1:0> Comparator Postscaler 1:1 to 1:16 set bit TMRIF 4 PR2 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TOUTPS<3:0> DS40001799C-page 277 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 28.1 Timer2 Operation The clock input to the Timer2 modules is the system instruction clock (FOSC/4). A 4-bit counter/prescaler on the clock input allows direct input, divide-by-4 and divide-by-16 prescale options. These options are selected by the prescaler control bits, T2CKPS<1:0> of the T2CON register. The value of TMR2 is compared to that of the Period register, PR2, on each clock cycle. When the two values match, the comparator generates a match signal as the timer output. This signal also resets the value of TMR2 to 00h on the next cycle and drives the output counter/postscaler (see Section 28.2 "Timer2 Interrupt"). The TMR2 and PR2 registers are both directly readable and writable. The TMR2 register is cleared on any device Reset, whereas the PR2 register initializes to FFh. Both the prescaler and postscaler counters are cleared on the following events: * * * * * * * * * 28.3 Timer2 Output The unscaled output of TMR2 is available primarily to the CCP modules, where it is used as a time base for operations in PWM mode. Timer2 can be optionally used as the shift clock source for the MSSP1 module operating in SPI mode. Additional information is provided in Section 30.0 "Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP1) Module" 28.4 Timer2 Operation During Sleep The Timer2 timers cannot be operated while the processor is in Sleep mode. The contents of the TMR2 and PR2 registers will remain unchanged while the processor is in Sleep mode. A write to the TMR2 register A write to the T2CON register Power-on Reset (POR) Brown-out Reset (BOR) MCLR Reset Watchdog Timer (WDT) Reset Stack Overflow Reset Stack Underflow Reset RESET Instruction Note: 28.2 TMR2 is not cleared when T2CON is written. Timer2 Interrupt Timer2 can also generate an optional device interrupt. The Timer2 output signal (TMR2-to-PR2 match) provides the input for the 4-bit counter/postscaler. This counter generates the TMR2 match interrupt flag which is latched in TMR2IF of the PIR1 register. The interrupt is enabled by setting the TMR2 Match Interrupt Enable bit, TMR2IE, of the PIE1 register. A range of 16 postscale options (from 1:1 through 1:16 inclusive) can be selected with the postscaler control bits, T2OUTPS<3:0>, of the T2CON register. DS40001799C-page 278 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 28.5 Register Definitions: Timer2 Control REGISTER 28-1: U-0 T2CON: TIMER2 CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 -- R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 T2OUTPS<3:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMR2ON bit 7 R/W-0/0 T2CKPS<1:0> bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 6-3 T2OUTPS<3:0>: Timer2 Output Postscaler Select bits 1111 = 1:16 Postscaler 1110 = 1:15 Postscaler 1101 = 1:14 Postscaler 1100 = 1:13 Postscaler 1011 = 1:12 Postscaler 1010 = 1:11 Postscaler 1001 = 1:10 Postscaler 1000 = 1:9 Postscaler 0111 = 1:8 Postscaler 0110 = 1:7 Postscaler 0101 = 1:6 Postscaler 0100 = 1:5 Postscaler 0011 = 1:4 Postscaler 0010 = 1:3 Postscaler 0001 = 1:2 Postscaler 0000 = 1:1 Postscaler bit 2 TMR2ON: Timer2 On bit 1 = Timer2 is on 0 = Timer2 is off bit 1-0 T2CKPS<1:0>: Timer2 Clock Prescale Select bits 11 = Prescaler is 64 10 = Prescaler is 16 01 = Prescaler is 4 00 = Prescaler is 1 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 279 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 28-2: R/W-0/0 TMR2: TIMER2 COUNT REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMR2<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 TMRx<7:0>: TMR2 Counter bits 7..0 REGISTER 28-3: R/W-1/1 PR2: TIMER2 PERIOD REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 PR2<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 PRx<7:0>: TMR2 Counter bits 7..0 When TMR2 = PR2, the next clock will reset the counter; counter period is (PR2+1) DS40001799C-page 280 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 28-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER2 Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page INTCON GIE PEIE INTEDG 89 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 96 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 91 (1) PIR2 C2IF C1IF NVMIF NCO1IF 97 PIE2 C2IE(1) C1IE NVMIE NCO1IE 92 T2CON T2OUTPS<3:0> TMR2 PR2 ADACT CLCxSELy TMR2ON T2CKPS<1:0> 279 TMR2<7:0> 280 PR2<7:0> 280 ADACT<3:0> 227 LCxDyS<4:0> 210 Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used for Timer2 module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 281 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 29.0 CAPTURE/COMPARE/PWM MODULES The Capture/Compare/PWM module is a peripheral that allows the user to time and control different events and to generate Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signals. In Capture mode, the peripheral allows the timing of the duration of an event. The Compare mode allows the user to trigger an external event when a predetermined amount of time has expired. The PWM mode can generate Pulse-Width Modulated signals of varying frequency and duty cycle. This family of devices contains two standard Capture/Compare/PWM modules (CCP1 and CCP2. The Capture and Compare functions are identical for all CCP modules. Note 1: In devices with more than one CCP module, it is very important to pay close attention to the register names used. A number placed after the module acronym is used to distinguish between separate modules. For example, the CCP1CON and CCP2CON control the same operational aspects of two completely different CCP modules. 2: Throughout this section, generic references to a CCP module in any of its operating modes may be interpreted as being equally applicable to CCPx module. Register names, module signals, I/O pins, and bit names may use the generic designator `x' to indicate the use of a numeral to distinguish a particular module, when required. DS40001799C-page 282 29.1 Capture Mode Capture mode makes use of either the 16-bit Timer0 or Timer1 resource. When an event occurs on the capture source, the 16-bit CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair captures and stores the 16-bit value of the TMR0H:TMR0L or TMR1H:TMR1L register pair, respectively. An event is defined as one of the following and is configured by the CCPxMODE<3:0> bits of the CCPxCON register: * * * * Every falling edge Every rising edge Every 4th rising edge Every 16th rising edge When a capture is made, the Interrupt Request Flag bit CCPxIF of the PIR4 register is set. The interrupt flag must be cleared in software. If another capture occurs before the value in the CCPRxH, CCPRxL register pair is read, the old captured value is overwritten by the new captured value. Figure 29-1 shows a simplified diagram of the capture operation. 29.1.1 CAPTURE SOURCES In Capture mode, the CCPx pin should be configured as an input by setting the associated TRIS control bit. Note: If the CCPx pin is configured as an output, a write to the port can cause a Capture condition. The capture source is selected by configuring the CCPxCTS<3:0> bits of the CCPxCAP register. The following sources can be selected: * * * * * * * CCPxPPS input C1_output C2_output (PIC16(L)F18323 only) NCO_output IOC_interrupt LC1_output LC2_output 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. CAPTURE MODE OPERATION BLOCK DIAGRAM RxyPPS CCPx CCPxCTS<1:0> TRIS Control Reserved 111 LC2_output 110 LC1_output 101 IOC_interrupt 100 NCO 011 C2OUT_sync 010 C1OUT_sync 001 CCPx 000 set CCPxIF CCPRxH Prescaler 1,4,16 and Edge Detect MODE <3:0> CCPRxL Capture Enable TMR1H TMR1L Rev. 10-000158I 8/29/2016 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DS40001799C-page 283 FIGURE 29-1: 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 29.1.2 TIMER1 MODE RESOURCE Timer1 must be running in Timer mode or Synchronized Counter mode for the CCP module to use the capture feature. In Asynchronous Counter mode, the capture operation may not work. See Section 27.0 "Timer1 Module with Gate Control" for more information on configuring Timer1. Note: 29.1.3 Clocking Timer1 from the system clock (FOSC) should not be used in Capture mode. In order for Capture mode to recognize the trigger event on the CCPx pin, Timer1 must be clocked from the instruction clock (FOSC/4) or from an external clock source. SOFTWARE INTERRUPT MODE When the Capture mode is changed, a false capture interrupt may be generated. The user should keep the CCPxIE interrupt enable bit of the PIE4 register clear to avoid false interrupts. Additionally, the user should clear the CCPxIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR4 register following any change in Operating mode. 29.1.4 CCP PRESCALER There are four prescaler settings specified by the CCPxMODE<3:0> bits of the CCPxCON register. Whenever the CCP module is turned off, or the CCP module is not in Capture mode, the prescaler counter is cleared. Any Reset will clear the prescaler counter. Switching from one capture prescaler to another does not clear the prescaler and may generate a false interrupt. To avoid this unexpected operation, turn the module off by clearing the CCPxCON register before changing the prescaler. Example 29-1 demonstrates the code to perform this function. EXAMPLE 29-1: CHANGING BETWEEN CAPTURE PRESCALERS BANKSEL CCPxCON CLRF MOVLW MOVWF 29.1.5 ;Set Bank bits to point ;to CCPxCON CCPxCON ;Turn CCP module off NEW_CAPT_PS ;Load the W reg with ;the new prescaler ;move value and CCP ON CCPxCON ;Load CCPxCON with this ;value CAPTURE DURING SLEEP Capture mode depends upon the Timer1 module for proper operation. There are two options for driving the Timer1 module in Capture mode. It can be driven by the instruction clock (FOSC/4), or by an external clock source. When Timer1 is clocked by FOSC/4, Timer1 will not increment during Sleep. When the device wakes from Sleep, Timer1 will continue from its previous state. Capture mode will operate during Sleep when Timer1 is clocked by an external clock source. DS40001799C-page 284 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 29.2 29.2.1 Compare Mode Compare mode makes use of the 16-bit Timer1 resource. The 16-bit value of the CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair is constantly compared against the 16-bit value of the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. When a match occurs, one of the following events can occur: * * * * * Toggle the CCPx output Set the CCPx output Clear the CCPx output Generate an Auto-conversion Trigger Generate a Software Interrupt The user must configure the CCPx pin as an output by clearing the associated TRIS bit and defining the appropriate output pin through the RxyPPS registers. See Section 13.0 "Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module" for more details. Note: 29.2.2 The action on the pin is based on the value of the CCPxMODE<3:0> control bits of the CCPxCON register. At the same time, the interrupt flag CCPxIF bit is set, and an ADC conversion can be triggered, if selected. All Compare modes can generate an interrupt and trigger an ADC conversion. When the CCP is configured in Compare mode using the `toggle output on match' setting (CCPxMODE<3:0> bits = 0010) and the reference timer is set for an input clock prescale other than 1:1, the output of the CCP will toggle multiple times until finally settling a `0' logic level. To avoid this, the timer input clock prescale select bits must be set to a 1:1 ratio (TxCKPS = 00). FIGURE 29-2: COMPARE MODE OPERATION BLOCK DIAGRAM CCPx Pin Q S R Output Logic Match TRIS Output Enable Auto-conversion Trigger Comparator TMR1H TMR1L TIMER1 MODE RESOURCE See Section 27.0 "Timer1 Module with Gate Control" for more information on configuring Timer1. Note: 29.2.3 Clocking Timer1 from the system clock (FOSC) should not be used in Compare mode. In order for Compare mode to recognize the trigger event on the CCPx pin, Timer1 must be clocked from the instruction clock (FOSC/4) or from an external clock source. AUTO-CONVERSION TRIGGER All CCPx modes set the CCP interrupt flag (CCPxIF). When this flag is set as a match occurs, an auto-conversion trigger can occur if the CCP module is selected as the conversion trigger source. Refer to Section 22.2.5 "Auto-Conversion Trigger" for more information. Note: CCPxMODE<3:0> Mode Select Set CCPxIF Interrupt Flag (PIRx) 4 CCPRxH CCPRxL Clearing the CCPxCON register will force the CCPx compare output latch to the default low level. This is not the PORT I/O data latch. In Compare mode, Timer1 must be running in either Timer mode or Synchronized mode. The compare operation may not work in Asynchronous mode. Figure 29-2 shows a simplified diagram of the compare operation. Note: CCPX PIN CONFIGURATION 29.2.4 Removing the Match condition by changing the contents of the CCPRxH and CCPRxL register pair, between the clock edge that generates the Auto-conversion Trigger and the clock edge that generates the Timer Reset, will preclude the Reset from occurring. COMPARE DURING SLEEP Since FOSC is shut down during Sleep mode, the Compare mode will not function properly during Sleep, unless the timer is running. The device will wake on interrupt (if enabled). 29.2.5 COMPARE INTERRUPTS The CCPxIF interrupt flag will be set when a match between the CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair and the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair occurs. If the device is in Sleep and interrupts are enabled (CCPxIE = 1), the device will wake up, assuming Timer1 is operating during Sleep. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 285 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 29.3 29.3.1 PWM Overview The standard PWM mode generates a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal on the CCPx pin with up to ten bits of resolution. The period, duty cycle, and resolution are controlled by the following registers: Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) is a scheme that provides power to a load by switching quickly between fully on and fully off states. The PWM signal resembles a square wave where the high portion of the signal is considered the on state and the low portion of the signal is considered the off state. The high portion, also known as the pulse width, can vary in time and is defined in steps. A larger number of steps applied, which lengthens the pulse width, also supplies more power to the load. Lowering the number of steps applied, which shortens the pulse width, supplies less power. The PWM period is defined as the duration of one complete cycle or the total amount of on and off time combined. * * * * PR2 register T2CON register CCPRxL registers CCPxCON registers Figure 29-4 shows a simplified block diagram of PWM operation. Note: PWM resolution defines the maximum number of steps that can be present in a single PWM period. A higher resolution allows for more precise control of the pulse width time and in turn the power that is applied to the load. The corresponding TRIS bit must be cleared to enable the PWM output on the CCPx pin. FIGURE 29-3: The term duty cycle describes the proportion of the on time to the off time and is expressed in percentages, where 0% is fully off and 100% is fully on. A lower duty cycle corresponds to less power applied and a higher duty cycle corresponds to more power applied. CCP PWM OUTPUT SIGNAL Period Pulse Width TMR2 = PR2 TMR2/4/6 = CCPRxH:CCPRxL Figure 29-3 shows a typical waveform of the PWM signal. FIGURE 29-4: STANDARD PWM OPERATION TMR2/4/6 = 0 SIMPLIFIED PWM BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000157B 2/27/2014 Duty cycle registers CCPRxH CCPRxL CCPx_out set CCPIF 10-bit Latch(2) (Not accessible by user) Comparator To Peripherals R Q CCPx S TRIS Control TMR2 Module R TMR2 (1) ERS logic Comparator CCPx_pset PR2 Notes: 1. 8-bit timer is concatenated with two bits generated by Fosc or two bits of the internal prescaler to create 10-bit time-base. 2. The alignment of the 10 bits from the CCPR register is determined by the CCPxFMT bit. DS40001799C-page 286 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 29.3.2 SETUP FOR PWM OPERATION The following steps should be taken when configuring the CCP module for standard PWM operation: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Use the desired output pin RxyPPS control to select CCPx as the source and disable the CCPx pin output driver by setting the associated TRIS bit. Load the PR2 register with the PWM period value. Configure the CCP module for the PWM mode by loading the CCPxCON register with the appropriate values. Load the CCPRxL register and the CCPRxH register bits, with the PWM duty cycle value and configure the CCPxFMT bit of the CCPxCON register to set the proper register alignment. Configure and start Timer2. * Clear the TMR2IF interrupt flag bits of the PIR4 register. See Note below. * Configure the T2CKPS bits of the T2CON register with the Timer prescale value. * Enable the Timer by setting the TMR2ON bit of the T2CON register. Enable PWM output pin: * Wait until the Timer overflows and the TMR2IF bits of the PIR4 register is set. See Note below. * Enable the CCPx pin output driver by clearing the associated TRIS bit. Note: 29.3.3 In order to send a complete duty cycle and period on the first PWM output, the above steps must be included in the setup sequence. If it is not critical to start with a complete PWM signal on the first output, then step 6 may be ignored. 29.3.4 PWM PERIOD The PWM period is specified by the PR2 register of Timer2. The PWM period can be calculated using the formula of Equation 29-1. EQUATION 29-1: PWM PERIOD PWM Period = PR22 + 1 4 T OSC (TMR2 Prescale Value) TOSC = 1/FOSC Note: When TMR2 is equal to PR2, the following three events occur on the next increment cycle: * TMR2 is cleared * The CCPx pin is set. (Exception: If the PWM duty cycle = 0%, the pin will not be set.) * The PWM duty cycle is transferred from the CCPRxL/H register pair into a 10-bit buffer. Note: 29.3.5 The Timer postscaler (see Section 28.1 "Timer2 Operation") is not used in the determination of the PWM frequency. PWM DUTY CYCLE The PWM duty cycle is specified by writing a 10-bit value to the CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair. The alignment of the 10-bit value is determined by the CCPRxFMT bit of the CCPxCON register (see Figure 29-5). The CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair can be written to at any time; however, the duty cycle value is not latched into the 10-bit buffer until after a match between PR2 and TMR2. Equation 29-2 is used to calculate the PWM pulse width. Equation 29-3 is used to calculate the PWM duty cycle ratio. TIMER2 TIMER RESOURCE The PWM standard mode makes use of the 8-bit Timer2 timer resources to specify the PWM period. FIGURE 29-5: PWM 10-BIT ALIGNMENT BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000 160A 12/9/201 3 CCPRxH CCPRxL 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FMT = 1 FMT = 0 CCPRxH CCPRxL 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 10-bit Duty Cycle 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 287 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 EQUATION 29-2: 29.3.6 PULSE WIDTH PWM resolution, expressed in number of bits, defines the maximum number of discrete steps that can be present in a single PWM period. For example, a 10-bit resolution will result in 1024 discrete steps, whereas an 8-bit resolution will result in 256 discrete steps. Pulse Width = CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair T OSC (TMR2 Prescale Value) EQUATION 29-3: PWM RESOLUTION DUTY CYCLE RATIO The maximum PWM resolution is ten bits when PR2 is 255. The resolution is a function of the PR2 register value as shown by Equation 29-4. CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair Duty Cycle Ratio = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 PR2 + 1 EQUATION 29-4: The CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair and a 2-bit internal latch are used to double buffer the PWM duty cycle. This double buffering provides glitchless PWM operation. The 8-bit timer TMR2 register is concatenated with either the 2-bit internal system clock (FOSC), or two bits of the prescaler, to create the 10-bit time base. The system clock is used if the Timer2 prescaler is set to 1:1. log 4 PR2 + 1 Resolution = ------------------------------------------ bits log 2 Note: When the 10-bit time base matches the CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair, then the CCPx pin is cleared (see Figure 29-4). TABLE 29-1: Timer Prescale PR2 Value Maximum Resolution (bits) 1.22 kHz 4.88 kHz 19.53 kHz 78.12 kHz 156.3 kHz 208.3 kHz 16 4 1 1 1 1 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0x3F 0x1F 0x17 10 10 10 8 7 6.6 EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS (FOSC = 8 MHz) PWM Frequency Timer Prescale PR2 Value Maximum Resolution (bits) 29.3.7 If the pulse width value is greater than the period the assigned PWM pin(s) will remain unchanged. EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS (FOSC = 20 MHz) PWM Frequency TABLE 29-2: PWM RESOLUTION 1.22 kHz 4.90 kHz 19.61 kHz 76.92 kHz 153.85 kHz 200.0 kHz 16 4 1 1 1 1 0x65 0x65 0x65 0x19 0x0C 0x09 8 8 8 6 5 5 OPERATION IN SLEEP MODE In Sleep mode, the TMR2 register will not increment and the state of the module will not change. If the CCPx pin is driving a value, it will continue to drive that value. When the device wakes up, TMR2 will continue from its previous state. 29.3.8 CHANGES IN SYSTEM CLOCK FREQUENCY The PWM frequency is derived from the system clock frequency. Any changes in the system clock frequency will result in changes to the PWM frequency. See Section 7.0 "Oscillator Module" for additional details. 29.3.9 EFFECTS OF RESET Any Reset will force all ports to Input mode and the CCP registers to their Reset states. DS40001799C-page 288 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 29.4 Register Definitions: CCP Control REGISTER 29-1: CCPxCON: CCPx CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 R-x/x R/W-0/0 CCPxEN -- CCPxOUT CCPxFMT R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CCPxMODE<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 CCPxEN: CCP Module Enable bit 0 = CCP is disabled 1 = CCP is enabled bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 5 CCPxOUT: CCPx Output Data (read-only) bit bit 4 CCPxFMT: CCPW (pulse width) Alignment bit CCPxMODE = Capture mode Unused CCPxMODE = Compare mode Unused CCPxMODE = PWM mode 0 = Right-aligned format 1 = Left-aligned format bit 3-0 CCPxMODE<3:0>: CCPx Mode Select bits(1) 1111 = PWM mode 1110 = Reserved 1101 = Reserved 1100 = Reserved 1011 = Compare mode: output will pulse 0-1-0; Clears TMR1 1010 = Compare mode: output will pulse 0-1-0 1001 = Compare mode: clear output on compare match 1000 = Compare mode: set output on compare match 0111 = Capture mode: every 16th rising edge of CCPx input 0110 = Capture mode: every 4th rising edge of CCPx input 0101 = Capture mode: every rising edge of CCPx input 0100 = Capture mode: every falling edge of CCPx input 0011 = Capture mode: every edge of CCPx input 0010 = Compare mode: toggle output on match 0001 = Compare mode: toggle output on match; clear TMR1 0000 = Capture/Compare/PWM off (resets CCPx module) Note 1: All modes will set the CCPxIF bit and will trigger an ADC conversion if CCPx is selected as the ADC trigger source. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 289 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 29-2: CCPxCAP: CAPTURE INPUT SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 -- -- -- -- -- R/W-0/x R/W-0/x R/W-0/x CCPxCTS<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-3 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 2-0 CCPxCTS<2:0>: CCPx Capture Mode Data Select bits CTS<2:0> 000 Note 1: CCP1CAP CCP2CAP CAPTURE INPUT CAPTURE INPUT CCP1PPS CCP2PPS 001 C1OUT 010 C2OUT(1) 011 NCO1 100 IOC_interrupt 101 LC1_output 110 LC2_output 111 Reserved PIC16(L)F18323 only. DS40001799C-page 290 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 29-3: R/W-x/x CCPRxL REGISTER: CCPx REGISTER LOW BYTE R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x CCPRxL<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 CCPxMODE = Capture mode CCPRxL<7:0>: Captured value of TMR1L CCPxMODE = Compare mode CCPRxL<7:0>: LS Byte compared to TMR1L CCPxMODE = PWM modes when CCPxFMT = 0 CCPRxL<7:0>: CCPW<7:0> - Pulse-width Least Significant eight bits CCPxMODE = PWM modes when CCPxFMT = 1 CCPRxL<7:6>: CCPW<1:0> - Pulse-width Least Significant two bits CCPRxL<5:0>: Not used. REGISTER 29-4: R/W-x/x CCPRxH REGISTER: CCPx REGISTER HIGH BYTE R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x CCPRxH<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 CCPxMODE = Capture mode CCPRxH<7:0>: Captured value of TMR1H CCPxMODE = Compare mode CCPRxH<7:0>: MS Byte compared to TMR1H CCPxMODE = PWM modes when CCPxFMT = 0 CCPRxH<7:2>: Not used CCPRxH<1:0>: CCPW<9:8> - Pulse-width Most Significant two bits CCPxMODE = PWM modes when CCPxFMT = 1 CCPRxH<7:0>: CCPW<9:2> - Pulse-width Most Significant eight bits 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 291 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 29-3: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CCPx Register on Page Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 TRISA TRISA5 TRISA4 (2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSELA ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 TRISC7(1) (1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 GIE PEIE INTEDG 89 PIR4 CWG1IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 99 PIE4 CWGIE CCP2IE CCP1IE 94 CCPxCON CCPxEN CCPxOUT CCPxFMT CCPxCAP ANSELC7 INTCON CCPxMODE<3:0> CCPxCTS<2:0> 289 290 CCPRxL CCPRx<7:0> 291 CCPRxH CCPRx<15:8> 291 CCP1PPS CCP1PPS<4:0> 144 CCP2PPS CCP2PPS<4:0> 144 ADACT CLCxSELy CWG1DAT DAT<3:0> 196 MDSRC MDMS<3:0> 253 MDCARH MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC MDCH<3:0> 254 MDCLPOL MDCL<3:0> 255 MDCARL Legend: Note 1: 2: MDCLSYNC ADACT<3:0> LCxDyS<4:0> 227 210 -- = Unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by the CCP module. PIC16(L)F18323 only. Unimplemented, read as `1'. DS40001799C-page 292 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.0 MASTER SYNCHRONOUS SERIAL PORT (MSSP1) MODULE 30.1 MSSP1 Module Overview The Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP1) module is a serial interface useful for communicating with other peripheral or microcontroller devices. These peripheral devices may be serial EEPROMs, shift registers, display drivers, A/D Converters, etc. The MSSP1 module can operate in one of two modes: * Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) * Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) The SPI interface supports the following modes and features: * * * * * Master mode Slave mode Clock Polarity Slave Select Synchronization (Slave mode only) Daisy-chain connection of slave devices Figure 30-1 is a block diagram of the SPI interface module. FIGURE 30-1: MSSP BLOCK DIAGRAM (SPI MODE) Data Bus Read Write SSP1BUF Reg SDI SSP1SR Reg SDO bit 0 SS SS Control Enable Shift Clock 2 (CKP, CKE) Clock Select Edge Select SSPM<3:0> 4 SCK Edge Select TRIS bit 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. ( T2_match 2 ) Prescaler TOSC 4, 16, 64 Baud Rate Generator (SSP1ADD) DS40001799C-page 293 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 The I2C interface supports the following modes and features: * * * * * * * * * * * * Master mode Slave mode Byte NACKing (Slave mode) Limited multi-master support 7-bit and 10-bit addressing Start and Stop interrupts Interrupt masking Clock stretching Bus collision detection General call address matching Address masking Selectable SDA hold times Figure 30-2 is a block diagram of the I2C interface module in Master mode. Figure 30-3 is a diagram of the I2C interface module in Slave mode. MSSP BLOCK DIAGRAM (I2C MASTER MODE) Internal data bus Read [SSPM<3:0>] Write SSP1BUF Shift Clock SDA in Receive Enable (RCEN) SCL SCL in Bus Collision DS40001799C-page 294 LSb Start bit, Stop bit, Acknowledge Generate (SSP1CON2) Start bit detect, Stop bit detect Write collision detect Clock arbitration State counter for end of XMIT/RCV Address Match detect Clock Cntl SSP1SR MSb (Hold off clock source) SDA Baud Rate Generator (SSP1ADD) Clock arbitrate/BCOL detect FIGURE 30-2: Set/Reset: S, P, SSP1STAT, WCOL, SSPOV Reset SEN, PEN (SSP1CON2) Set SSP1IF, BCLxIF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 30-3: MSSP BLOCK DIAGRAM (I2C SLAVE MODE) Internal Data Bus Read Write SSP1BUF Reg SCL Shift Clock SSP1SR Reg SDA LSb MSb SSP1MSK Reg Match Detect Addr Match SSP1ADD Reg Start and Stop bit Detect 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Set, Reset S, P bits (SSP1STAT Reg) DS40001799C-page 295 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.2 SPI Mode Overview The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a synchronous serial data communication bus that operates in Full-Duplex mode. Devices communicate in a master/slave environment where the master device initiates the communication. A slave device is controlled through a Chip Select known as Slave Select. The SPI bus specifies four signal connections: * * * * Serial Clock (SCK) Serial Data Out (SDO) Serial Data In (SDI) Slave Select (SS) Figure 30-1 shows the block diagram of the MSSP1 module when operating in SPI mode. The SPI bus operates with a single master device and one or more slave devices. When multiple slave devices are used, an independent Slave Select connection can be used to address each slave individually. Figure 30-4 shows a typical connection between a master device and multiple slave devices. The master selects only one slave at a time. Most slave devices have tri-state outputs so their output signal appears disconnected from the bus when they are not selected. Transmissions involve two shift registers, eight bits in size, one in the master and one in the slave. Data is always shifted out one bit at a time, with the Most Significant bit (MSb) shifted out first. At the same time, a new Least Significant bit (LSb) is shifted into the same register. During each SPI clock cycle, a full-duplex data transmission occurs. This means that while the master device is sending out the MSb from its shift register (on its SDO pin) and the slave device is reading this bit and saving it as the LSb of its shift register, that the slave device is also sending out the MSb from its shift register (on its SDO pin) and the master device is reading this bit and saving it as the LSb of its shift register. After eight bits have been shifted out, the master and slave have exchanged register values. If there is more data to exchange, the shift registers are loaded with new data and the process repeats itself. Whether the data is meaningful or not (dummy data), depends on the application software. This leads to three scenarios for data transmission: * Master sends useful data and slave sends dummy data. * Master sends useful data and slave sends useful data. * Master sends dummy data and slave sends useful data. Transmissions must be performed in multiples of eight clock pulses. When there is no more data to be transmitted, the master stops sending the clock signal and it deselects the slave. Every slave device connected to the bus that has not been selected through its slave select line must disregard the clock and transmission signals and must not transmit out any data of its own. Figure 30-5 shows a typical connection between two processors configured as master and slave devices. Data is shifted out of both shift registers on the programmed clock edge and latched on the opposite edge of the clock. The master device transmits information out on its SDO output pin which is connected to, and received by, the slave's SDI input pin. The slave device transmits information out on its SDO output pin, which is connected to, and received by, the master's SDI input pin. To begin communication, the master device first sends out the clock signal. Both the master and the slave devices should be configured for the same clock polarity. The master device starts a transmission by sending out the MSb from its shift register. The slave device reads this bit from that same line and saves it into the LSb position of its shift register. DS40001799C-page 296 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 30-4: SPI MASTER AND MULTIPLE SLAVE CONNECTION SPI Master SCK SCK SDO SDI SDI SDO General I/O General I/O SS General I/O SCK SDI SDO SPI Slave #1 SPI Slave #2 SS SCK SDI SDO SPI Slave #3 SS 30.2.1 SPI MODE REGISTERS 30.2.2 The MSSP1 module has five registers for SPI mode operation. These are: * * * * * * MSSP1 STATUS register (SSP1STAT) MSSP1 Control register 1 (SSP1CON1) MSSP1 Control register 3 (SSP1CON3) MSSP1 Data Buffer register (SSP1BUF) MSSP1 Address register (SSP1ADD) MSSP1 Shift register (SSP1SR) (Not directly accessible) SSP1CON1 and SSPSTAT are the control STATUS registers in SPI mode operation. SSP1CON1 register is readable and writable. lower six bits of the SSP1STAT are read-only. upper two bits of the SSP1STAT are read/write. When initializing the SPI, several options need to be specified. This is done by programming the appropriate control bits (SSP1CON1<3:0> and SSP1STAT<7:6>). These control bits allow the following to be specified: * * * * and The The The In one SPI Master mode, SSP1ADD can be loaded with a value used in the Baud Rate Generator. More information on the Baud Rate Generator is available in Section 30.7 "Baud Rate Generator". SSP1SR is the shift register used for shifting data in and out. SSP1BUF provides indirect access to the SSP1SR register. SSP1BUF is the buffer register to which data bytes are written, and from which data bytes are read. In receive operations, SSP1SR and SSP1BUF together create a buffered receiver. When SSP1SR receives a complete byte, it is transferred to SSP1BUF and the SSP1IF interrupt is set. During transmission, the SSP1BUF is not buffered. A write to SSP1BUF will write to both SSP1BUF and SSP1SR. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. SPI MODE OPERATION Master mode (SCK is the clock output) Slave mode (SCK is the clock input) Clock Polarity (Idle state of SCK) Data Input Sample Phase (middle or end of data output time) * Clock Edge (output data on rising/falling edge of SCK) * Clock Rate (Master mode only) * Slave Select mode (Slave mode only) To enable the serial port, SSP Enable bit, SSPEN of the SSP1CON1 register, must be set. To reset or reconfigure SPI mode, clear the SSPEN bit, re-initialize the SSP1CONy registers and then set the SSPEN bit. This configures the SDI, SDO, SCK and SS pins as serial port pins. For the pins to behave as the serial port function, some must have their data direction bits (in the TRIS register) appropriately programmed as follows: * SDI must have corresponding TRIS bit set * SDO must have corresponding TRIS bit cleared * SCK (Master mode) must have corresponding TRIS bit cleared * SCK (Slave mode) must have corresponding TRIS bit set * SS must have corresponding TRIS bit set Any serial port function that is not desired may be overridden by programming the corresponding data direction (TRIS) register to the opposite value. DS40001799C-page 297 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 The MSSP1 consists of a transmit/receive shift register (SSP1SR) and a buffer register (SSP1BUF). The SSP1SR shifts the data in and out of the device, MSb first. The SSP1BUF holds the data that was written to the SSP1SR until the received data is ready. Once the eight bits of data have been received, that byte is moved to the SSP1BUF register. Then, the Buffer Full Detect bit, BF of the SSP1STAT register, and the interrupt flag bit, SSP1IF, are set. Any write to the SSP1BUF register during transmission/reception of data will be ignored and the write collision detect bit, WCOL, of the SSP1CON1 register, will be set. User software must clear the WCOL bit to allow the following write(s) to the SSP1BUF register to complete successfully. FIGURE 30-5: When the application software is expecting to receive valid data, the SSP1BUF should be read before the next byte of data to transfer is written to the SSP1BUF. The Buffer Full bit, BF of the SSP1STAT register, indicates when SSP1BUF has been loaded with the received data (transmission is complete). When the SSP1BUF is read, the BF bit is cleared. This data may be irrelevant if the SPI is only a transmitter. Generally, the MSSP interrupt is used to determine when the transmission/reception has completed. If the interrupt method is not going to be used, then software polling can be done to ensure that a write collision does not occur. The SSP1SR is not directly readable or writable and can only be accessed by addressing the SSP1BUF register. SPI MASTER/SLAVE CONNECTION SPI Master SSPM<3:0> = 00xx = 1010 SPI Slave SSPM<3:0> = 010x SDI SDO Serial Input Buffer (SSP1BUF) LSb SCK General I/O Processor 1 DS40001799C-page 298 SDO SDI Shift Register (SSP1SR) MSb Serial Input Buffer (SSP1BUF) Serial Clock Slave Select (optional) Shift Register (SSP1SR) MSb LSb SCK SS Processor 2 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.2.3 SPI MASTER MODE The master can initiate the data transfer at any time because it controls the SCK line. The master determines when the slave (Processor 2, Figure 30-5) is to broadcast data by the software protocol. In Master mode, the data is transmitted/received as soon as the SSP1BUF register is written to. If the SPI is only going to receive, the SDO output could be disabled (programmed as an input). The SSP1SR register will continue to shift in the signal present on the SDI pin at the programmed clock rate. As each byte is received, it will be loaded into the SSP1BUF register as if a normal received byte (interrupts and Status bits appropriately set). The clock polarity is selected by appropriately programming the CKP bit of the SSP1CON1 register and the CKE bit of the SSP1STAT register. This then, would give waveforms for SPI communication as shown in Figure 30-6, Figure 30-8, Figure 30-9 and Figure 30-10, where the MSB is transmitted first. In Master mode, the SPI clock rate (bit rate) is user programmable to be one of the following: * * * * * FOSC/4 (or TCY) FOSC/16 (or 4 * TCY) FOSC/64 (or 16 * TCY) Timer2 output/2 FOSC/(4 * (SSPADD + 1)) Figure 30-6 shows the waveforms for Master mode. When the CKE bit is set, the SDO data is valid before there is a clock edge on SCK. The change of the input sample is shown based on the state of the SMP bit. The time when the SSP1BUF is loaded with the received data is shown. FIGURE 30-6: SPI MODE WAVEFORM (MASTER MODE) Write to SSPBUF SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 0) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 0) 4 Clock Modes SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 1) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 1) SDO (CKE = 0) bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 SDO (CKE = 1) bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 SDI (SMP = 0) bit 0 bit 7 Input Sample (SMP = 0) SDI (SMP = 1) bit 7 bit 0 Input Sample (SMP = 1) SSP1IF SSP1SR to SSP1BUF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 299 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.2.4 SPI SLAVE MODE In Slave mode, the data is transmitted and received as external clock pulses appear on SCK. When the last bit is latched, the SSP1IF interrupt flag bit is set. Before enabling the module in SPI Slave mode, the clock line must match the proper Idle state. The clock line can be observed by reading the SCK pin. The Idle state is determined by the CKP bit of the SSP1CON1 register. While in Slave mode, the external clock is supplied by the external clock source on the SCK pin. This external clock must meet the minimum high and low times as specified in the electrical specifications. While in Sleep mode, the slave can transmit/receive data. The shift register is clocked from the SCK pin input and when a byte is received, the device will generate an interrupt. If enabled, the device will wake-up from Sleep. 30.2.4.1 Daisy-Chain Configuration The SPI bus can sometimes be connected in a daisy-chain configuration. The first slave output is connected to the second slave input, the second slave output is connected to the third slave input, and so on. The final slave output is connected to the master input. Each slave sends out, during a second group of clock pulses, an exact copy of what was received during the first group of clock pulses. The whole chain acts as one large communication shift register. The daisy-chain feature only requires a single Slave Select line from the master device. Figure 30-7 shows the block diagram of a typical daisy-chain connection when operating in SPI mode. In a daisy-chain configuration, only the most recent byte on the bus is required by the slave. Setting the BOEN bit of the SSP1CON3 register will enable writes to the SSP1BUF register, even if the previous byte has not been read. This allows the software to ignore data that may not apply to it. 30.2.5 SLAVE SELECT SYNCHRONIZATION The Slave Select can also be used to synchronize communication. The Slave Select line is held high until the master device is ready to communicate. When the Slave Select line is pulled low, the slave knows that a new transmission is starting. If the slave fails to receive the communication properly, it will be reset at the end of the transmission, when the Slave Select line returns to a high state. The slave is then ready to receive a new transmission when the Slave Select line is pulled low again. If the Slave Select line is not used, there is a risk that the slave will eventually become out of sync with the master. If the slave misses a bit, it will always be one bit off in future transmissions. Use of the Slave Select line allows the slave and master to align themselves at the beginning of each transmission. The SS pin allows a Synchronous Slave mode. The SPI must be in Slave mode with SS pin control enabled (SSP1CON1<3:0> = 0100). When the SS pin is low, transmission and reception are enabled and the SDO pin is driven. When the SS pin goes high, the SDO pin is no longer driven, even if in the middle of a transmitted byte and becomes a floating output. External pull-up/pull-down resistors may be desirable depending on the application. Note 1: When the SPI is in Slave mode with SS pin control enabled (SSP1CON1<3:0> = 0100), the SPI module will reset if the SS pin is set to VDD. 2: When the SPI is used in Slave mode with CKE set; the user must enable SS pin control. 3: While operated in SPI Slave mode the SMP bit of the SSP1STAT register must remain clear. When the SPI module resets, the bit counter is forced to `0'. This can be done by either forcing the SS pin to a high level or clearing the SSPEN bit. DS40001799C-page 300 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 30-7: SPI DAISY-CHAIN CONNECTION SPI Master SCK SCK SDO SDI SDI SPI Slave #1 SDO General I/O SS SCK SDI SPI Slave #2 SDO SS SCK SDI SPI Slave #3 SDO SS FIGURE 30-8: SLAVE SELECT SYNCHRONOUS WAVEFORM SS SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 0) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 0) Write to SSP1BUF Shift register SSP1SR and bit count are reset SSP1BUF to SSP1SR SDO bit 7 bit 6 bit 7 SDI bit 6 bit 0 bit 0 bit 7 bit 7 Input Sample SSP1IF Interrupt Flag SSP1SR to SSP1BUF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 301 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 30-9: SPI MODE WAVEFORM (SLAVE MODE WITH CKE = 0) SS Optional SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 0) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 0) Write to SSP1BUF Valid SDO bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 SDI bit 0 bit 7 Input Sample SSP1IF Interrupt Flag SSP1SR to SSP1BUF Write Collision detection active FIGURE 30-10: SPI MODE WAVEFORM (SLAVE MODE WITH CKE = 1) SS Not Optional SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 1) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 1) Write to SSP1BUF Valid SDO bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 SDI bit 7 bit 0 Input Sample SSP1IF Interrupt Flag SSP1SR to SSP1BUF Write Collision detection active DS40001799C-page 302 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.2.6 SPI OPERATION IN SLEEP MODE In SPI Master mode, when the Sleep mode is selected, all module clocks are halted and the transmission/reception will remain in that state until the device wakes. After the device returns to Run mode, the module will resume transmitting and receiving data. In SPI Slave mode, the SPI Transmit/Receive Shift register operates asynchronously to the device. This allows the device to be placed in Sleep mode and data to be shifted into the SPI Transmit/Receive Shift register. When all eight bits have been received, the MSSP interrupt flag bit will be set and if enabled, will wake the device. 30.3 I2C Mode Overview The Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) bus is a multi-master serial data communication bus. Devices communicate in a master/slave environment where the master devices initiate the communication. A slave device is controlled through addressing. The I2C bus specifies two signal connections: * Serial Clock (SCL) * Serial Data (SDA) Figure 30-2 and Figure 30-3 show the block diagrams of the MSSP1 module when operating in I2C mode. Both the SCL and SDA connections are bidirectional open-drain lines, each requiring pull-up resistors for the supply voltage. Pulling the line to ground is considered a logical zero and letting the line float is considered a logical one. Figure 30-11 shows a typical connection between two processors configured as master and slave devices. The I2C bus can operate with one or more master devices and one or more slave devices. There are four potential modes of operation for a given device: * Master Transmit mode (master is transmitting data to a slave) * Master Receive mode (master is receiving data from a slave) * Slave Transmit mode (slave is transmitting data to a master) * Slave Receive mode (slave is receiving data from the master) To begin communication, the master device sends out a Start condition followed by the address byte of the slave it intends to communicate with. This is followed by a single Read/Write bit, which determines whether the master intends to transmit to or receive data from the slave device. If the requested slave exists on the bus, it will respond with an Acknowledge bit, otherwise known as an ACK. The master then continues to either transmit or receive data from the slave. FIGURE 30-11: I2C MASTER/ SLAVE CONNECTION VDD SCL VDD Master Slave SDA 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. SCL SDA DS40001799C-page 303 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 On the last byte of data communicated, the master device may end the transmission by sending a Stop bit. If the master device is in Receive mode, it sends a NACK in place of the last ACK bit. A Stop bit is indicated by a low-to-high transition of the SDA line while the SCL line is held high. In some cases, the master may want to maintain control of the bus and re-initiate another transmission. If so, the master device may send a Restart condition in place of the Stop bit or last ACK bit when it is in Receive mode. The I2C bus specifies three message protocols; * Single message where a master writes data to a slave. * Single message where a master reads data from a slave. * Combined message where a master initiates a minimum of two writes, or two reads, or a combination of writes and reads, to one or more slaves. 30.3.1 CLOCK STRETCHING When a slave device has not completed processing data, it can delay the transfer of more data through the process of clock stretching. An addressed slave device may hold the SCL clock line low after receiving or sending a bit, indicating that it is not yet ready to continue. The master that is communicating with the slave will attempt to raise the SCL line in order to transfer the next bit, but will detect that the clock line has not yet been released. Because the SCL connection is open-drain, the slave has the ability to hold that line low until it is ready to continue communicating. 30.3.2 ARBITRATION Each master device must monitor the bus for Start and Stop bits. If the device detects that the bus is busy, it cannot begin a new message until the bus returns to an Idle state. However, two master devices may try to initiate a transmission on or about the same time. When this occurs, the process of arbitration begins. Each transmitter checks the level of the SDA data line and compares it to the level that it expects to find. The first transmitter to observe that the two levels do not match, loses arbitration, and must stop transmitting on the SDA line. For example, if one transmitter holds the SDA line to a logical one (lets it float) and a second transmitter holds it to a logical zero (pulls it low), the result is that the SDA line will be low. The first transmitter then observes that the level of the line is different than expected and concludes that another transmitter is communicating. The first transmitter to notice this difference is the one that loses arbitration and must stop driving the SDA line. If this transmitter is also a master device, it also must stop driving the SCL line. It then can monitor the lines for a Stop condition before trying to reissue its transmission. In the meantime, the other device that has not noticed any difference between the expected and actual levels on the SDA line continues with its original transmission. Slave Transmit mode can also be arbitrated, when a master addresses multiple slaves, but this is less common. Clock stretching allows receivers that cannot keep up with a transmitter to control the flow of incoming data. DS40001799C-page 304 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.4 I2C MODE OPERATION All MSSP I2C communication is byte oriented and shifted out MSb first. Six SFR registers and two interrupt flags interface the module with the PIC(R) microcontroller and user software. Two pins, SDA and SCL, are exercised by the module to communicate with other external I2C devices. 30.4.1 BYTE FORMAT All communication in I2C is done in 9-bit segments. A byte is sent from a master to a slave or vice-versa, followed by an Acknowledge bit sent back. After the eighth falling edge of the SCL line, the device outputting data on the SDA changes that pin to an input and reads in an acknowledge value on the next clock pulse. The clock signal, SCL, is provided by the master. Data is valid to change while the SCL signal is low, and sampled on the rising edge of the clock. Changes on the SDA line while the SCL line is high define special conditions on the bus, explained below. 30.4.2 DEFINITION OF I2C TERMINOLOGY There is language and terminology in the description of I2C communication that have definitions specific to I2C. That word usage is defined below and may be used in the rest of this document without explanation. This table was adapted from the Philips I2C specification. 30.4.3 SDA AND SCL PINS When selecting any I2C mode, the SCL and SDA pins should be set by the user to inputs by setting the appropriate TRIS bits. Note: Any device pin can be selected for SDA and SCL functions with the PPS peripheral. These functions are bidirectional. The SDA input is selected with the SSPDATPPS registers. The SCL input is selected with the SSPCLKPPS registers. Outputs are selected with the RxyPPS registers. It is the user's responsibility to make the selections so that both the input and the output for each function is on the same pin. 30.4.4 SDA HOLD TIME The hold time of the SDA pin is selected by the SDAHT bit of the SSP1CON3 register. Hold time is the time SDA is held valid after the falling edge of SCL. Setting the SDAHT bit selects a longer 300 ns minimum hold time and may help on buses with large capacitance. TABLE 30-1: TERM I2C BUS TERMS Description Transmitter The device which shifts data out onto the bus. Receiver The device which shifts data in from the bus. Master The device that initiates a transfer, generates clock signals and terminates a transfer. Slave The device addressed by the master. Multi-master A bus with more than one device that can initiate data transfers. Arbitration Procedure to ensure that only one master at a time controls the bus. Winning arbitration ensures that the message is not corrupted. Synchronization Procedure to synchronize the clocks of two or more devices on the bus. Idle No master is controlling the bus, and both SDA and SCL lines are high. Active Any time one or more master devices are controlling the bus. Addressed Slave Slave device that has received a matching address and is actively being clocked by a master. Matching Address Address byte that is clocked into a slave that matches the value stored in SSPADD. Write Request Slave receives a matching address with R/W bit clear, and is ready to clock in data. Read Request Master sends an address byte with the R/W bit set, indicating that it wishes to clock data out of the Slave. This data is the next and all following bytes until a Restart or Stop. Clock Stretching When a device on the bus hold SCL low to stall communication. Bus Collision 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Any time the SDA line is sampled low by the module while it is outputting and expected high state. DS40001799C-page 305 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.4.5 START CONDITION 30.4.7 2 The I C specification defines a Start condition as a transition of SDA from a high to a low state while SCL line is high. A Start condition is always generated by the master and signifies the transition of the bus from an Idle to an Active state. Figure 30-12 shows wave forms for Start and Stop conditions. 30.4.6 RESTART CONDITION A Restart is valid any time that a Stop would be valid. A master can issue a Restart if it wishes to hold the bus after terminating the current transfer. A Restart has the same effect on the slave that a Start would, resetting all slave logic and preparing it to clock in an address. The master may want to address the same or another slave. Figure 30-13 shows the wave form for a Restart condition. STOP CONDITION A Stop condition is a transition of the SDA line from low-to-high state while the SCL line is high. In 10-bit Addressing Slave mode a Restart is required for the master to clock data out of the addressed slave. Once a slave has been fully addressed, matching both high and low address bytes, the master can issue a Restart and the high address byte with the R/W bit set. The slave logic will then hold the clock and prepare to clock out data. Note: At least one SCL low time must appear before a Stop is valid, therefore, if the SDA line goes low then high again while the SCL line stays high, only the Start condition is detected. 30.4.8 START/STOP CONDITION INTERRUPT MASKING The SCIE and PCIE bits of the SSP1CON3 register can enable the generation of an interrupt in Slave modes that do not typically support this function. Slave modes where interrupt on Start and Stop detect are already enabled, these bits will have no effect. I2C START AND STOP CONDITIONS FIGURE 30-12: SDA SCL S Start P Change of Change of Data Allowed Data Allowed Condition FIGURE 30-13: Stop Condition I2C RESTART CONDITION Sr Change of Change of Data Allowed Restart Data Allowed Condition DS40001799C-page 306 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.4.9 ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE The ninth SCL pulse for any transferred byte in I2C is dedicated as an Acknowledge. It allows receiving devices to respond back to the transmitter by pulling the SDA line low. The transmitter must release control of the line during this time to shift in the response. The Acknowledge (ACK) is an active-low signal, pulling the SDA line low indicates to the transmitter that the device has received the transmitted data and is ready to receive more. The result of an ACK is placed in the ACKSTAT bit of the SSP1CON2 register. Slave software, when the AHEN and DHEN bits are set, the clock is stretched, allowing the slave time to change the ACK value before it is sent back to the transmitter. The ACKDT bit of the SSP1CON2 register is set/cleared to determine the response. There are certain conditions where an ACK will not be sent by the slave. If the BF bit of the SSP1STAT register or the SSPOV bit of the SSP1CON1 register are set when a byte is received. When the module is addressed, after the eighth falling edge of SCL on the bus, the ACKTIM bit of the SSP1CON3 register is set. The ACKTIM bit indicates the acknowledge time of the active bus. The ACKTIM Status bit is only active when the AHEN bit or DHEN bit is enabled. 30.5 I2C SLAVE MODE OPERATION The MSSP Slave mode operates in one of four modes selected by the SSPM bits of SSP1CON1 register. The modes can be divided into 7-bit and 10-bit Addressing mode. 10-bit Addressing modes operate the same as 7-bit with some additional overhead for handling the larger addresses. Modes with Start and Stop bit interrupts operate the same as the other modes with SSP1IF additionally getting set upon detection of a Start, Restart, or Stop condition. 30.5.1 SLAVE MODE ADDRESSES The SSP1ADD register (Register 30-6) contains the Slave mode address. The first byte received after a Start or Restart condition is compared against the value stored in this register. If the byte matches, the value is loaded into the SSP1BUF register and an interrupt is generated. If the value does not match, the module goes idle and no indication is given to the software that anything happened. The SSP Mask register (Register 30-5) affects the address matching process. See Section 30.5.9 "SSP Mask Register" for more information. 30.5.1.1 I2C Slave 7-bit Addressing Mode In 7-bit Addressing mode, the LSb of the received data byte is ignored when determining if there is an address match. 30.5.1.2 I2C Slave 10-bit Addressing Mode In 10-bit Addressing mode, the first received byte is compared to the binary value of `1 1 1 1 0 A9 A8 0'. A9 and A8 are the two MSb's of the 10-bit address and stored in bits 2 and 1 of the SSP1ADD register. After the acknowledge of the high byte the UA bit is set and SCL is held low until the user updates SSP1ADD with the low address. The low address byte is clocked in and all eight bits are compared to the low address value in SSP1ADD. Even if there is not an address match; SSP1IF and UA are set, and SCL is held low until SSP1ADD is updated to receive a high byte again. When SSP1ADD is updated the UA bit is cleared. This ensures the module is ready to receive the high address byte on the next communication. A high and low address match as a write request is required at the start of all 10-bit addressing communication. A transmission can be initiated by issuing a Restart once the slave is addressed, and clocking in the high address with the R/W bit set. The slave hardware will then acknowledge the read request and prepare to clock out data. This is only valid for a slave after it has received a complete high and low address byte match. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 307 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.5.2 SLAVE RECEPTION When the R/W bit of a matching received address byte is clear, the R/W bit of the SSP1STAT register is cleared. The received address is loaded into the SSP1BUF register and acknowledged. When the Overflow condition exists for a received address, then not Acknowledge is given. An Overflow condition is defined as either bit BF of the SSP1STAT register is set, or bit SSPOV of the SSP1CON1 register is set. The BOEN bit of the SSP1CON3 register modifies this operation. For more information see Register 30-4. An MSSP interrupt is generated for each transferred data byte. Flag bit, SSP1IF, must be cleared by software. When the SEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register is set, SCL will be held low (clock stretch) following each received byte. The clock must be released by setting the CKP bit of the SSP1CON1 register. 30.5.2.1 7-bit Addressing Reception This section describes a standard sequence of events for the MSSP1 module configured as an I2C slave in 7-bit Addressing mode. Figure 30-14 and Figure 30-15 is used as a visual reference for this description. This is a step-by-step process of what typically must be done to accomplish I2C communication. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Start bit detected. S bit of SSP1STAT is set; SSP1IF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. Matching address with R/W bit clear is received. The slave pulls SDA low sending an ACK to the master, and sets SSP1IF bit. Software clears the SSP1IF bit. Software reads received address from SSP1BUF clearing the BF flag. If SEN = 1; Slave software sets CKP bit to release the SCL line. The master clocks out a data byte. Slave drives SDA low sending an ACK to the master, and sets SSP1IF bit. Software clears SSP1IF. Software reads the received byte from SSP1BUF clearing BF. Steps 8-12 are repeated for all received bytes from the master. Master sends Stop condition, setting P bit of SSP1STAT, and the bus goes idle. DS40001799C-page 308 30.5.2.2 7-bit Reception with AHEN and DHEN Slave device reception with AHEN and DHEN set operate the same as without these options with extra interrupts and clock stretching added after the eighth falling edge of SCL. These additional interrupts allow time for the slave software to decide whether it wants to ACK the receive address or data byte. This list describes the steps that need to be taken by slave software to use these options for I2C communication. Figure 30-16 displays a module using both address and data holding. Figure 30-17 includes the operation with the SEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register set. 1. S bit of SSP1STAT is set; SSP1IF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. 2. Matching address with R/W bit clear is clocked in. SSP1IF is set and CKP cleared by hardware after the eighth falling edge of SCL. 3. Slave clears the SSP1IF. 4. Slave can look at the ACKTIM bit of the SSP1CON3 register to determine if the SSP1IF was after or before the ACK. 5. Slave reads the address value from SSP1BUF, clearing the BF flag. 6. Slave sets ACK value clocked out to the master by setting ACKDT. 7. Slave software releases the clock by setting CKP. 8. SSP1IF is set after an ACK, not after a NACK. 9. If SEN = 1 the slave hardware will stretch the clock after the ACK. 10. Slave clears SSP1IF. Note: SSP1IF is still set after the ninth falling edge of SCL even if there is no clock stretching and BF has been cleared. Only if NACK is sent to master is SSP1IF not set 11. SSP1IF set, and CKP is cleared by hardware after eighth falling edge of SCL for a received data byte. 12. Slave looks at ACKTIM bit of SSP1CON3 to determine the source of the interrupt. 13. Slave reads the received data from SSP1BUF clearing BF. 14. Steps 7-14 are the same for each received data byte. 15. Communication is ended by either the slave sending an ACK = 1, or the master sending a Stop condition. If a Stop is sent and Interrupt on Stop Detect is disabled, the slave will only know by polling the P bit of the SSP1STAT register. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 30-14: I2C SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 0, AHEN = 0, DHEN = 0) Bus Master sends Stop condition From Slave to Master Receiving Address SDA SCL S Receiving Data A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ACK 8 9 Receiving Data D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 D0 ACK D7 8 9 1 ACK = 1 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P SSP1IF Cleared by software Cleared by software SSP1IF set on 9th falling edge of SCL BF SSP1BUF is read SSPOV SSPOV set because SSP1BUF is still full. ACK is not sent. DS40001799C-page 309 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 First byte of data is available in SSP1BUF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. I2C SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 1, AHEN = 0, DHEN = 0) FIGURE 30-15: Bus Master sends Stop condition Receive Address SDA SCL S Receive Data A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 R/W=0 ACK 8 9 SEN Receive Data D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SEN ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P Clock is held low until CKP is set to `1' SSP1IF Cleared by software BF SSP1IF set on 9th falling edge of SCL First byte of data is available in SSP1BUF SSPOV SSPOV set because SSP1BUF is still full. ACK is not sent. CKP CKP is written to `1' in software, releasing SCL CKP is written to `1' in software, releasing SCL SCL is not held low because ACK= 1 DS40001799C-page 310 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 SSP1BUF is read Cleared by software 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 30-16: I2C SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 0, AHEN = 1, DHEN = 1) Master sends Stop condition Master Releases SDA to slave for ACK sequence Receiving Address SDA Receiving Data ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 Received Data ACK ACK=1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 SCL S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P SSP1IF If AHEN = 1: SSP1IF is set BF ACKDT SSP1IF is set on 9th falling edge of SCL, after ACK Address is read from SSP1BUF Data is read from SSP1BUF Slave software sets ACKDT to not ACK ACK the received byte When AHEN=1: CKP is cleared by hardware and SCL is stretched When DHEN = 1: CKP is cleared by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL CKP set by software, SCL is released ACKTIM ACKTIM set by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL DS40001799C-page 311 S P ACKTIM cleared by hardware in 9th rising edge of SCL ACKTIM set by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Slave software clears ACKDT to CKP No interrupt after not ACK from Slave Cleared by software 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. I2C SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 1, AHEN = 1, DHEN = 1) FIGURE 30-17: R/W = 0 Receiving Address SDA ACK A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 SCL S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Master sends Stop condition Master releases SDA to slave for ACK sequence 8 9 Receive Data 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ACK Receive Data D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 8 ACK 9 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P SSP1IF No interrupt after if not ACK from Slave Cleared by software BF Received address is loaded into SSP1BUF Received data is available on SSP1BUF ACKDT Slave sends not ACK CKP When AHEN = 1; on the 8th falling edge of SCL of an address byte, CKP is cleared When DHEN = 1; on the 8th falling edge of SCL of a received data byte, CKP is cleared ACKTIM ACKTIM is set by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL S DS40001799C-page 312 P ACKTIM is cleared by hardware on 9th rising edge of SCL Set by software, release SCL CKP is not cleared if not ACK PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Slave software clears ACKDT to ACK the received byte SSP1BUF can be read any time before next byte is loaded PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.5.3 SLAVE TRANSMISSION 30.5.3.2 7-bit Transmission When the R/W bit of the incoming address byte is set and an address match occurs, the R/W bit of the SSP1STAT register is set. The received address is loaded into the SSP1BUF register, and an ACK pulse is sent by the slave on the ninth bit. A master device can transmit a read request to a slave, and then clock data out of the slave. The list below outlines what software for a slave will need to do to accomplish a standard transmission. Figure 30-18 can be used as a reference to this list. Following the ACK, slave hardware clears the CKP bit and the SCL pin is held low (see Section 30.5.6 "Clock Stretching" for more detail). By stretching the clock, the master will be unable to assert another clock pulse until the slave is done preparing the transmit data. 1. The transmit data must be loaded into the SSP1BUF register which also loads the SSP1SR register. Then the SCL pin should be released by setting the CKP bit of the SSP1CON1 register. The eight data bits are shifted out on the falling edge of the SCL input. This ensures that the SDA signal is valid during the SCL high time. The ACK pulse from the master-receiver is latched on the rising edge of the ninth SCL input pulse. This ACK value is copied to the ACKSTAT bit of the SSP1CON2 register. If ACKSTAT is set (not ACK), then the data transfer is complete. When the not ACK is latched by the slave, the slave goes idle and waits for another occurrence of the Start bit. If the SDA line was low (ACK), the next transmit data must be loaded into the SSP1BUF register. Again, the SCL pin must be released by setting bit CKP. An MSSP interrupt is generated for each data transfer byte. The SSP1IF bit must be cleared by software and the SSP1STAT register is used to determine the status of the byte. The SSP1IF bit is set on the falling edge of the ninth clock pulse. 30.5.3.1 Slave Mode Bus Collision A slave receives a Read request and begins shifting data out on the SDA line. If a bus collision is detected and the SBCDE bit of the SSP1CON3 register is set, the BCLIF bit of the PIR register is set. Once a bus collision is detected, the slave goes idle and waits to be addressed again. User software can use the BCLIF bit to handle a slave bus collision. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Master sends a Start condition on SDA and SCL. 2. S bit of SSP1STAT is set; SSP1IF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. 3. Matching address with R/W bit set is received by the Slave setting SSP1IF bit. 4. Slave hardware generates an ACK and sets SSP1IF. 5. SSP1IF bit is cleared by software. 6. Software reads the received address from SSP1BUF, clearing BF. 7. R/W is set so CKP was automatically cleared by hardware after the ACK. 8. The slave software loads the transmit data into SSP1BUF. 9. CKP bit is set by software, releasing SCL, allowing the master to clock the data out of the slave. 10. SSP1IF is set after the ACK response from the master is loaded into the ACKSTAT bit 11. SSP1IF bit is cleared. 12. The slave software checks the ACKSTAT bit to see if the master wants to clock out more data. Note 1: If the master ACKs the clock will be stretched. 2: ACKSTAT is the only bit updated on the rising edge of SCL (9th) rather than the falling. 13. Steps 9-13 are repeated for each transmitted byte. 14. If the master sends a not ACK; the clock is not held, but SSP1IF is still set. 15. The master sends a Restart condition or a Stop. 16. The slave is no longer addressed. DS40001799C-page 313 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 30-18: I2C SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, TRANSMISSION (AHEN = 0) Master sends Stop condition Receiving Address SDA SCL S R/W = 1 Automatic ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 8 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 Transmitting Data 2 3 4 5 6 Automatic ACK A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 7 8 9 Transmitting Data 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P SSP1IF Cleared by software BF Received address is read from SSP1BUF Data to transmit is loaded into SSP1BUF BF is automatically cleared after 8th falling edge of SCL CKP Set by software CKP is not held for not ACK ACKSTAT Masters not ACK is copied to ACKSTAT R/W R/W is copied from the matching address byte D/A Indicates an address has been received DS40001799C-page 314 S P PIC16(L)F18313/18323 When R/W is set SCL is always held low after 9th SCL falling edge PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.5.3.3 7-bit Transmission with Address Hold Enabled Setting the AHEN bit of the SSP1CON3 register enables additional clock stretching and interrupt generation after the eighth falling edge of a received matching address. Once a matching address has been clocked in, CKP is cleared and the SSP1IF interrupt is set. Figure 30-19 displays a standard waveform of a 7-bit address slave transmission with AHEN enabled. 1. 2. Bus starts Idle. Master sends Start condition; the S bit of SSP1STAT is set; SSP1IF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. 3. Master sends matching address with R/W bit set. After the eighth falling edge of the SCL line the CKP bit is cleared by hardware and SSP1IF interrupt is generated. 4. Slave software clears SSP1IF. 5. Slave software reads ACKTIM bit of SSP1CON3 register, and R/W and D/A of the SSP1STAT register to determine the source of the interrupt. 6. Slave reads the address value from the SSP1BUF register clearing the BF bit. 7. Slave software decides from this information if it wishes to ACK or not ACK and sets the ACKDT bit of the SSP1CON2 register accordingly. 8. Slave software sets the CKP bit releasing SCL. 9. Master clocks in the ACK value from the slave. 10. Slave hardware automatically clears the CKP bit and sets SSP1IF after the ACK if the R/W bit is set. 11. Slave software clears SSP1IF. 12. Slave loads value to transmit to the master into SSP1BUF setting the BF bit. Note: SSP1BUF cannot be loaded until after the ACK. 13. Slave software sets the CKP bit releasing the clock. 14. Master clocks out the data from the slave and sends an ACK value on the ninth SCL pulse. 15. Slave hardware copies the ACK value into the ACKSTAT bit of the SSP1CON2 register. 16. Steps 10-15 are repeated for each byte transmitted to the master from the slave. 17. If the master sends a not ACK the slave releases the bus allowing the master to send a Stop and end the communication. Note: Master must send a not ACK on the last byte to ensure that the slave releases the SCL line to receive a Stop. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 315 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. I2C SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, TRANSMISSION (AHEN = 1) FIGURE 30-19: Master sends Stop condition Master releases SDA to slave for ACK sequence Receiving Address SDA SCL S 1 2 3 4 5 6 Automatic R/W = 1 ACK A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 7 8 9 Transmitting Data Automatic D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Transmitting Data 2 3 4 5 6 7 ACK 8 9 P SSP1IF Cleared by software BF Received address is read from SSP1BUF Data to transmit is loaded into SSP1BUF BF is automatically cleared after 8th falling edge of SCL ACKDT ACKSTAT Master's ACK response is copied to SSP1STAT CKP When AHEN = 1; CKP is cleared by hardware after receiving matching address. ACKTIM DS40001799C-page 316 R/W D/A ACKTIM is set on 8th falling edge of SCL When R/W = 1; CKP is always cleared after ACK Set by software, releases SCL ACKTIM is cleared on 9th rising edge of SCL CKP not cleared after not ACK PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Slave clears ACKDT to ACK address PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.5.4 SLAVE MODE 10-BIT ADDRESS RECEPTION This section describes a standard sequence of events for the MSSP1 module configured as an I2C slave in 10-bit Addressing mode. Figure 30-20 is used as a visual reference for this description. This is a step-by-step process of what must be done by slave software to accomplish I2C communication. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Bus starts Idle. Master sends Start condition; S bit of SSP1STAT is set; SSP1IF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. Master sends matching high address with R/W bit clear; UA bit of the SSP1STAT register is set. Slave sends ACK and SSP1IF is set. Software clears the SSP1IF bit. Software reads received address from SSP1BUF clearing the BF flag. Slave loads low address into SSP1ADD, releasing SCL. Master sends matching low address byte to the slave; UA bit is set. 30.5.5 10-BIT ADDRESSING WITH ADDRESS OR DATA HOLD Reception using 10-bit addressing with AHEN or DHEN set is the same as with 7-bit modes. The only difference is the need to update the SSP1ADD register using the UA bit. All functionality, specifically when the CKP bit is cleared and SCL line is held low are the same. Figure 30-21 can be used as a reference of a slave in 10-bit addressing with AHEN set. Figure 30-22 shows a standard waveform for a slave transmitter in 10-bit Addressing mode. Note: Updates to the SSP1ADD register are not allowed until after the ACK sequence. 9. Slave sends ACK and SSP1IF is set. Note: If the low address does not match, SSP1IF and UA are still set so that the slave software can set SSP1ADD back to the high address. BF is not set because there is no match. CKP is unaffected. 10. Slave clears SSP1IF. 11. Slave reads the received matching address from SSP1BUF clearing BF. 12. Slave loads high address into SSP1ADD. 13. Master clocks a data byte to the slave and clocks out the slaves ACK on the ninth SCL pulse; SSP1IF is set. 14. If SEN bit of SSP1CON2 is set, CKP is cleared by hardware and the clock is stretched. 15. Slave clears SSP1IF. 16. Slave reads the received byte from SSP1BUF clearing BF. 17. If SEN is set the slave software sets CKP to release the SCL. 18. Steps 13-17 repeat for each received byte. 19. Master sends Stop to end the transmission. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 317 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. I2C SLAVE, 10-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 1, AHEN = 0, DHEN = 0) FIGURE 30-20: Master sends Stop condition Receive Second Address Byte Receive First Address Byte SDA SCL S 1 1 1 1 0 A9 A8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ACK 8 9 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Receive Data Receive Data D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P SCL is held low while CKP = 0 SSP1IF Set by hardware on 9th falling edge Cleared by software BF Data is read from SSP1BUF UA When UA = 1; SCL is held low Software updates SSP1ADD and releases SCL CKP DS40001799C-page 318 Set by software, When SEN = 1; releasing SCL CKP is cleared after 9th falling edge of received byte PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Receive address is read from SSP1BUF If address matches SSP1ADD it is loaded into SSP1BUF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. I2C SLAVE, 10-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 0, AHEN = 1, DHEN = 0) FIGURE 30-21: Receive First Address Byte SDA SCL S Receive Second Address Byte R/W = 0 1 1 1 1 0 A9 A8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ACK 8 9 UA Receive Data A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 UA Receive Data D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 D0 ACK D7 8 9 1 D6 D5 2 SSP1IF Set by hardware on 9th falling edge Cleared by software Cleared by software BF SSP1BUF can be read anytime before the next received byte Received data is read from SSP1BUF Slave software clears ACKDT to ACK the received byte UA Update to SSP1ADD is not allowed until 9th falling edge of SCL CKP DS40001799C-page 319 If when AHEN = 1; on the 8th falling edge of SCL of an address byte, CKP is cleared ACKTIM ACKTIM is set by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL Update of SSP1ADD, clears UA and releases SCL Set CKP with software releases SCL PIC16(L)F18313/18323 ACKDT 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 30-22: I2C SLAVE, 10-BIT ADDRESS, TRANSMISSION (SEN = 0, AHEN = 0, DHEN = 0) Master sends Restart event Receiving Address R/W = 0 1 1 1 1 0 A9 A8 ACK SDA SCL S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Master sends not ACK Receiving Second Address Byte Receive First Address Byte A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK 1 1 1 1 0 A9 A8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Transmitting Data Byte ACK 9 Master sends Stop condition ACK = 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P Sr SSP1IF Set by hardware Cleared by software Set by hardware BF Received address is read from SSP1BUF Data to transmit is loaded into SSP1BUF UA UA indicates SSP1ADD must be updated CKP After SSP1ADD is updated, UA is cleared and SCL is released High address is loaded back into SSP1ADD When R/W = 1; CKP is cleared on 9th falling edge of SCL ACKSTAT Set by software releases SCL Masters not ACK is copied R/W R/W is copied from the matching address byte D/A DS40001799C-page 320 Indicates an address has been received PIC16(L)F18313/18323 SSP1BUF loaded with received address PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.5.6 CLOCK STRETCHING 30.5.6.2 Clock stretching occurs when a device on the bus holds the SCL line low, effectively pausing communication. The slave may stretch the clock to allow more time to handle data or prepare a response for the master device. A master device is not concerned with stretching as anytime it is active on the bus and not transferring data it is stretching. Any stretching done by a slave is invisible to the master software and handled by the hardware that generates SCL. The CKP bit of the SSP1CON1 register is used to control stretching. Any time the CKP bit is cleared, the module will wait for the SCL line to go low and then hold it. Setting CKP will release SCL and allow more communication. 30.5.6.1 Normal Clock Stretching Following an ACK if the R/W bit of SSP1STAT is set, a read request, the slave hardware will clear CKP. This allows the slave time to update SSP1BUF with data to transfer to the master. If the SEN bit of SSP1CON2 is set, the slave hardware will always stretch the clock after the ACK sequence. Once the slave is ready; CKP is set by software and communication resumes. FIGURE 30-23: 10-bit Addressing Mode In 10-bit Addressing mode, when the UA bit is set the clock is always stretched. This is the only time the SCL is stretched without CKP being cleared. SCL is released immediately after a write to SSP1ADD. Note: Previous versions of the module did not stretch the clock if the second address byte did not match. 30.5.6.3 Byte NACKing When AHEN bit of SSP1CON3 is set; CKP is cleared by hardware after the eighth falling edge of SCL for a received matching address byte. When DHEN bit of SSP1CON3 is set; CKP is cleared after the eighth falling edge of SCL for received data. Stretching after the eighth falling edge of SCL allows the slave to look at the received address or data and decide if it wants to ACK the received data. 30.5.7 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION AND THE CKP BIT Any time the CKP bit is cleared, the module will wait for the SCL line to go low and then hold it. However, clearing the CKP bit will not assert the SCL output low until the SCL output is already sampled low. Therefore, the CKP bit will not assert the SCL line until an external I2C master device has already asserted the SCL line. The SCL output will remain low until the CKP bit is set and all other devices on the I2C bus have released SCL. This ensures that a write to the CKP bit will not violate the minimum high time requirement for SCL (see Figure 30-23). CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION TIMING Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 SDA DX - 1 DX SCL CKP Master device asserts clock Master device releases clock WR SSP1CON1 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 321 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.5.8 GENERAL CALL ADDRESS SUPPORT the R/W bit clear, an interrupt is generated and slave software can read SSP1BUF and respond. Figure 30-24 shows a general call reception sequence. The addressing procedure for the I2C bus is such that the first byte after the Start condition usually determines which device will be the slave addressed by the master device. The exception is the general call address which can address all devices. When this address is used, all devices should, in theory, respond with an acknowledge. In 10-bit Address mode, the UA bit will not be set on the reception of the general call address. The slave will prepare to receive the second byte as data, just as it would in 7-bit mode. If the AHEN bit of the SSP1CON3 register is set, just as with any other address reception, the slave hardware will stretch the clock after the eighth falling edge of SCL. The slave must then set its ACKDT value and release the clock with communication progressing as it would normally. The general call address is a reserved address in the I2C protocol, defined as address 0x00. When the GCEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register is set, the slave module will automatically ACK the reception of this address regardless of the value stored in SSP1ADD. After the slave clocks in an address of all zeros with FIGURE 30-24: SLAVE MODE GENERAL CALL ADDRESS SEQUENCE Address is compared to General Call Address after ACK, set interrupt R/W = 0 ACK D7 General Call Address SDA SCL S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Receiving Data ACK D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SSP1IF BF (SSP1STAT<0>) Cleared by software GCEN (SSP1CON2<7>) SSP1BUF is read '1' 30.5.9 SSP MASK REGISTER An SSP Mask (SSPMSK) register (Register 30-5) is available in I2C Slave mode as a mask for the value held in the SSP1SR register during an address comparison operation. A zero (`0') bit in the SSP1MSK register has the effect of making the corresponding bit of the received address a "don't care". This register is reset to all `1's upon any Reset condition and, therefore, has no effect on standard SSP operation until written with a mask value. The SSP Mask register is active during: * 7-bit Address mode: address compare of A<7:1>. * 10-bit Address mode: address compare of A<7:0> only. The SSP mask has no effect during the reception of the first (high) byte of the address. DS40001799C-page 322 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6 I2C Master Mode Master mode is enabled by setting and clearing the appropriate SSPM<3:0> bits in the SSP1CON1 register and by setting the SSPEN bit. In Master mode, the SDA and SCK pins must be configured as inputs. The MSSP peripheral hardware will override the output driver TRIS controls when necessary to drive the pins low. Master mode of operation is supported by interrupt generation on the detection of the Start and Stop conditions. The Stop (P) and Start (S) bits are cleared from a Reset or when the MSSP1 module is disabled. Control of the I 2C bus may be taken when the P bit is set, or the bus is Idle. In Firmware Controlled Master mode, user code conducts all I 2C bus operations based on Start and Stop bit condition detection. Start and Stop condition detection is the only active circuitry in this mode. All other communication is done by the user software directly manipulating the SDA and SCL lines. The following events will cause the SSP Interrupt Flag bit, SSP1IF, to be set (SSP interrupt, if enabled): * * * * * Start condition generation Stop condition generation Data transfer byte transmitted/received Acknowledge transmitted/received Repeated Start generated 30.6.1 I2C MASTER MODE OPERATION The master device generates all of the serial clock pulses and the Start and Stop conditions. A transfer is ended with a Stop condition or with a Repeated Start condition. Since the Repeated Start condition is also the beginning of the next serial transfer, the I2C bus will not be released. In Master Transmitter mode, serial data is output through SDA, while SCL outputs the serial clock. The first byte transmitted contains the slave address of the receiving device (7 bits) and the Read/Write (R/W) bit. In this case, the R/W bit will be logic `0'. Serial data is transmitted eight bits at a time. After each byte is transmitted, an Acknowledge bit is received. Start and Stop conditions are output to indicate the beginning and the end of a serial transfer. In Master Receive mode, the first byte transmitted contains the slave address of the transmitting device (7 bits) and the R/W bit. In this case, the R/W bit will be logic `1'. Thus, the first byte transmitted is a 7-bit slave address followed by a `1' to indicate the receive bit. Serial data is received via SDA, while SCL outputs the serial clock. Serial data is received eight bits at a time. After each byte is received, an Acknowledge bit is transmitted. Start and Stop conditions indicate the beginning and end of transmission. A Baud Rate Generator is used to set the clock frequency output on SCL. See Section 30.7 "Baud Rate Generator" for more detail. Note 1: The MSSP1 module, when configured in I2C Master mode, does not allow queuing of events. For instance, the user is not allowed to initiate a Start condition and immediately write the SSP1BUF register to initiate transmission before the Start condition is complete. In this case, the SSP1BUF will not be written to and the WCOL bit will be set, indicating that a write to the SSP1BUF did not occur 2: When in Master mode, Start/Stop detection is masked and an interrupt is generated when the SEN/PEN bit is cleared and the generation is complete. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 323 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.2 CLOCK ARBITRATION Clock arbitration occurs when the master, during any receive, transmit or Repeated Start/Stop condition, releases the SCL pin (SCL allowed to float high). When the SCL pin is allowed to float high, the Baud Rate Generator (BRG) is suspended from counting until the FIGURE 30-25: SCL pin is actually sampled high. When the SCL pin is sampled high, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded with the contents of SSP1ADD<7:0> and begins counting. This ensures that the SCL high time will always be at least one BRG rollover count in the event that the clock is held low by an external device (Figure 30-25). BAUD RATE GENERATOR TIMING WITH CLOCK ARBITRATION SDA DX - 1 DX SCL deasserted but slave holds SCL low (clock arbitration) SCL allowed to transition high SCL BRG decrements on Q2 and Q4 cycles BRG Value 03h 02h 01h 00h (hold off) 03h 02h SCL is sampled high, reload takes place and BRG starts its count BRG Reload 30.6.3 WCOL STATUS FLAG If the user writes the SSP1BUF when a Start, Restart, Stop, Receive or Transmit sequence is in progress, the WCOL is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). Any time the WCOL bit is set it indicates that an action on SSP1BUF was attempted while the module was not idle. Note: Because queuing of events is not allowed, writing to the lower five bits of SSP1CON2 is disabled until the Start condition is complete. DS40001799C-page 324 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.4 I2C MASTER MODE START CONDITION TIMING To initiate a Start condition (Figure 30-26), the user sets the Start Enable bit, SEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register. If the SDA and SCL pins are sampled high, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded with the contents of SSP1ADD<7:0> and starts its count. If SCL and SDA are both sampled high when the Baud Rate Generator times out (TBRG), the SDA pin is driven low. The action of the SDA being driven low while SCL is high is the Start condition and causes the S bit of the SSP1STAT register to be set. Following this, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded with the contents of SSP1ADD<7:0> and resumes its count. When the Baud Rate Generator times out (TBRG), the SEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register will be automatically cleared by hardware; the Baud Rate Generator is suspended, leaving the SDA line held low and the Start condition is complete. Note 1: If at the beginning of the Start condition, the SDA and SCL pins are already sampled low, or if during the Start condition, the SCL line is sampled low before the SDA line is driven low, a bus collision occurs, the Bus Collision Interrupt Flag, BCLIF, is set, the Start condition is aborted and the I2C module is reset into its idle state. 2: The Philips I2C specification states that a bus collision cannot occur on a Start. FIGURE 30-26: FIRST START BIT TIMING Write to SEN bit occurs here Set S bit (SSP1STAT<3>) At completion of Start bit, hardware clears SEN bit and sets SSP1IF bit SDA = 1, SCL = 1 TBRG TBRG Write to SSP1BUF occurs here SDA 1st bit 2nd bit TBRG SCL S 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. TBRG DS40001799C-page 325 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.5 I2C MASTER MODE REPEATED START CONDITION TIMING A Repeated Start condition (Figure 30-27) occurs when the RSEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register is programmed high and the master state machine is no longer active. When the RSEN bit is set, the SCL pin is asserted low. When the SCL pin is sampled low, the Baud Rate Generator is loaded and begins counting. The SDA pin is released (brought high) for one Baud Rate Generator count (TBRG). When the Baud Rate Generator times out, if SDA is sampled high, the SCL pin will be deasserted (brought high). When SCL is sampled high, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded and begins counting. SDA and SCL must be sampled high for one TBRG. This action is then followed by assertion of the SDA pin (SDA = 0) for one TBRG while SCL is high. SCL is asserted low. Following this, the RSEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register will be automatically cleared and the Baud Rate Generator will not be reloaded, leaving the SDA pin held low. As soon as a Start condition is detected on the SDA and SCL pins, the S bit of the SSP1STAT register will be set. The SSP1IF bit will not be set until the Baud Rate Generator has timed out. Note 1: If RSEN is programmed while any other event is in progress, it will not take effect. 2: A bus collision during the Repeated Start condition occurs if: * SDA is sampled low when SCL goes from low-to-high. * SCL goes low before SDA is asserted low. This may indicate that another master is attempting to transmit a data `1'. FIGURE 30-27: REPEATED START CONDITION WAVEFORM S bit set by hardware Write to SSP1CON2 occurs here SDA = 1, SCL (no change) At completion of Start bit, hardware clears RSEN bit and sets SSP1IF SDA = 1, SCL = 1 TBRG TBRG TBRG 1st bit SDA Write to SSP1BUF occurs here TBRG SCL Sr TBRG Repeated Start DS40001799C-page 326 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.6 I2C MASTER MODE TRANSMISSION Transmission of a data byte, a 7-bit address or the other half of a 10-bit address is accomplished by simply writing a value to the SSP1BUF register. This action will set the Buffer Full flag bit, BF, and allow the Baud Rate Generator to begin counting and start the next transmission. Each bit of address/data will be shifted out onto the SDA pin after the falling edge of SCL is asserted. SCL is held low for one Baud Rate Generator rollover count (TBRG). Data should be valid before SCL is released high. When the SCL pin is released high, it is held that way for TBRG. The data on the SDA pin must remain stable for that duration and some hold time after the next falling edge of SCL. After the eighth bit is shifted out (the falling edge of the eighth clock), the BF flag is cleared and the master releases SDA. This allows the slave device being addressed to respond with an ACK bit during the ninth bit time if an address match occurred, or if data was received properly. The status of ACK is written into the ACKSTAT bit on the rising edge of the ninth clock. If the master receives an Acknowledge, the Acknowledge Status bit, ACKSTAT, is cleared. If not, the bit is set. After the ninth clock, the SSP1IF bit is set and the master clock (Baud Rate Generator) is suspended until the next data byte is loaded into the SSP1BUF, leaving SCL low and SDA unchanged (Figure 30-28). After the write to the SSP1BUF, each bit of the address will be shifted out on the falling edge of SCL until all seven address bits and the R/W bit are completed. On the falling edge of the eighth clock, the master will release the SDA pin, allowing the slave to respond with an Acknowledge. On the falling edge of the ninth clock, the master will sample the SDA pin to see if the address was recognized by a slave. The status of the ACK bit is loaded into the ACKSTAT Status bit of the SSP1CON2 register. Following the falling edge of the ninth clock transmission of the address, the SSP1IF is set, the BF flag is cleared and the Baud Rate Generator is turned off until another write to the SSP1BUF takes place, holding SCL low and allowing SDA to float. 30.6.6.1 BF Status Flag 30.6.6.3 ACKSTAT Status Flag In Transmit mode, the ACKSTAT bit of the SSP1CON2 register is cleared when the slave has sent an Acknowledge (ACK = 0) and is set when the slave does not Acknowledge (ACK = 1). A slave sends an Acknowledge when it has recognized its address (including a general call), or when the slave has properly received its data. 30.6.6.4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Typical Transmit Sequence The user generates a Start condition by setting the SEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register. SSP1IF is set by hardware on completion of the Start. SSP1IF is cleared by software. The MSSP1 module will wait the required start time before any other operation takes place. The user loads the SSP1BUF with the slave address to transmit. Address is shifted out the SDA pin until all eight bits are transmitted. Transmission begins as soon as SSP1BUF is written to. The MSSP1 module shifts in the ACK bit from the slave device and writes its value into the ACKSTAT bit of the SSP1CON2 register. The MSSP1 module generates an interrupt at the end of the ninth clock cycle by setting the SSP1IF bit. The user loads the SSP1BUF with eight bits of data. Data is shifted out the SDA pin until all eight bits are transmitted. The MSSP1 module shifts in the ACK bit from the slave device and writes its value into the ACKSTAT bit of the SSP1CON2 register. Steps 8-11 are repeated for all transmitted data bytes. The user generates a Stop or Restart condition by setting the PEN or RSEN bits of the SSP1CON2 register. Interrupt is generated once the Stop/Restart condition is complete. In Transmit mode, the BF bit of the SSP1STAT register is set when the CPU writes to SSP1BUF and is cleared when all eight bits are shifted out. 30.6.6.2 WCOL Status Flag If the user writes the SSP1BUF when a transmit is already in progress (i.e., SSP1SR is still shifting out a data byte), the WCOL bit is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). WCOL must be cleared by software before the next transmission. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 327 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 30-28: I2C MASTER MODE WAVEFORM (TRANSMISSION, 7 OR 10-BIT ADDRESS) Write SSP1CON2<0> SEN = 1 Start condition begins From slave, clear ACKSTAT bit SSP1CON2<6> SEN = 0 Transmit Address to Slave SDA A7 A6 A5 A4 ACKSTAT in SSP1CON2 = 1 A3 A2 Transmitting Data or Second Half of 10-bit Address R/W = 0 A1 ACK = 0 ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 SCL held low while CPU responds to SSP1IF 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SSP1BUF written with 7-bit address and R/W start transmit SCL S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 P SSP1IF Cleared by software Cleared by software service routine from SSP interrupt Cleared by software BF (SSP1STAT<0>) After Start condition, SEN cleared by hardware PEN R/W SSP1BUF is written by software DS40001799C-page 328 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 SSP1BUF written SEN PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.7 I2C MASTER MODE RECEPTION Master mode reception (Figure 30-29) is enabled by programming the Receive Enable bit, RCEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register. Note: The MSSP1 module must be in an Idle state before the RCEN bit is set or the RCEN bit will be disregarded. The Baud Rate Generator begins counting and on each rollover, the state of the SCL pin changes (high-to-low/low-to-high) and data is shifted into the SSP1SR. After the falling edge of the eighth clock, the receive enable flag is automatically cleared, the contents of the SSP1SR are loaded into the SSP1BUF, the BF flag bit is set, the SSP1IF flag bit is set and the Baud Rate Generator is suspended from counting, holding SCL low. The MSSP1 is now in Idle state awaiting the next command. When the buffer is read by the CPU, the BF flag bit is automatically cleared. The user can then send an Acknowledge bit at the end of reception by setting the Acknowledge Sequence Enable, ACKEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register. 30.6.7.1 BF Status Flag In receive operation, the BF bit is set when an address or data byte is loaded into SSP1BUF from SSP1SR. It is cleared when the SSP1BUF register is read. 30.6.7.2 SSPOV Status Flag 30.6.7.4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. In receive operation, the SSPOV bit is set when eight bits are received into the SSP1SR and the BF flag bit is already set from a previous reception. 13. 14. 30.6.7.3 15. WCOL Status Flag If the user writes the SSP1BUF when a receive is already in progress (i.e., SSP1SR is still shifting in a data byte), the WCOL bit is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. Typical Receive Sequence: The user generates a Start condition by setting the SEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register. SSP1IF is set by hardware on completion of the Start. SSP1IF is cleared by software. User writes SSP1BUF with the slave address to transmit and the R/W bit set. Address is shifted out the SDA pin until all eight bits are transmitted. Transmission begins as soon as SSP1BUF is written to. The MSSP1 module shifts in the ACK bit from the slave device and writes its value into the ACKSTAT bit of the SSP1CON2 register. The MSSP1 module generates an interrupt at the end of the ninth clock cycle by setting the SSP1IF bit. User sets the RCEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register and the master clocks in a byte from the slave. After the eighth falling edge of SCL, SSP1IF and BF are set. Master clears SSP1IF and reads the received byte from SSP1BUF, clears BF. Master sets ACK value sent to slave in ACKDT bit of the SSP1CON2 register and initiates the ACK by setting the ACKEN bit. Master's ACK is clocked out to the slave and SSP1IF is set. Software clears SSP1IF. Steps 8-13 are repeated for each received byte from the slave. Master sends a not ACK or Stop to end communication. DS40001799C-page 329 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. I2C MASTER MODE WAVEFORM (RECEPTION, 7-BIT ADDRESS) FIGURE 30-29: Write to SSP1CON2<4> to start Acknowledge sequence SDA = ACKDT (SSP1CON2<5>) = 0 Write to SSP1CON2<0>(SEN = 1), begin Start condition SEN = 0 Write to SSPBUF occurs here, start XMIT Transmit Address to Slave A7 SDA A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 RCEN = 1, start next receive RCEN cleared automatically ACK from Slave ACK PEN bit = 1 written here RCEN cleared automatically Receiving Data from Slave Receiving Data from Slave A1 R/W Set ACKEN, start Acknowledge sequence SDA = ACKDT = 1 ACK from Master SDA = ACKDT = 0 Master configured as a receiver by programming SSP1CON2<3> (RCEN = 1) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 ACK D0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK Bus master terminates transfer ACK is not sent SCL S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Data shifted in on falling edge of CLK Set SSP1IF interrupt at end of receive Cleared by software Cleared by software Cleared by software Cleared by software Cleared in software Last bit is shifted into SSP1SR and contents are unloaded into SSP1BUF SSPOV SSPOV is set because SSP1BUF is still full ACKEN DS40001799C-page 330 RCEN Master configured as a receiver by programming SSP1CON2<3> (RCEN = 1) RCEN cleared automatically ACK from Master SDA = ACKDT = 0 RCEN cleared automatically Set SSP1IF interrupt at end of Acknowledge sequence Set P bit (SSP1STAT<4>) and SSP1IF PIC16(L)F18313/18323 BF (SSP1STAT<0>) P Set SSP1IF at end of receive Set SSP1IF interrupt at end of Acknowledge sequence SSP1IF SDA = 0, SCL = 1 while CPU responds to SSP1IF 9 8 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.8 ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE TIMING 30.6.9 A Stop bit is asserted on the SDA pin at the end of a receive/transmit by setting the Stop Sequence Enable bit, PEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register. At the end of a receive/transmit, the SCL line is held low after the falling edge of the ninth clock. When the PEN bit is set, the master will assert the SDA line low. When the SDA line is sampled low, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded and counts down to `0'. When the Baud Rate Generator times out, the SCL pin will be brought high and one TBRG (Baud Rate Generator rollover count) later, the SDA pin will be deasserted. When the SDA pin is sampled high while SCL is high, the P bit of the SSP1STAT register is set. A TBRG later, the PEN bit is cleared and the SSP1IF bit is set (Figure 30-31). An Acknowledge sequence is enabled by setting the Acknowledge Sequence Enable bit, ACKEN bit of the SSP1CON2 register. When this bit is set, the SCL pin is pulled low and the contents of the Acknowledge data bit are presented on the SDA pin. If the user wishes to generate an Acknowledge, then the ACKDT bit should be cleared. If not, the user should set the ACKDT bit before starting an Acknowledge sequence. The Baud Rate Generator then counts for one rollover period (TBRG) and the SCL pin is deasserted (pulled high). When the SCL pin is sampled high (clock arbitration), the Baud Rate Generator counts for TBRG. The SCL pin is then pulled low. Following this, the ACKEN bit is automatically cleared, the Baud Rate Generator is turned off and the MSSP1 module then goes into Idle mode (Figure 30-30). 30.6.8.1 30.6.9.1 WCOL Status Flag If the user writes the SSP1BUF when a Stop sequence is in progress, then the WCOL bit is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). WCOL Status Flag If the user writes the SSP1BUF when an Acknowledge sequence is in progress, then WCOL bit is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). FIGURE 30-30: STOP CONDITION TIMING ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE WAVEFORM Acknowledge sequence starts here, write to SSP1CON2 ACKEN = 1, ACKDT = 0 ACKEN automatically cleared TBRG TBRG SDA ACK D0 SCL 8 9 SSP1IF SSP1IF set at the end of receive Cleared in software Cleared in software SSP1IF set at the end of Acknowledge sequence Note: TBRG = one Baud Rate Generator period. FIGURE 30-31: STOP CONDITION RECEIVE OR TRANSMIT MODE SCL = 1 for TBRG, followed by SDA = 1 for TBRG after SDA sampled high. P bit (SSP1STAT<4>) is set. Write to SSP1CON2, set PEN PEN bit (SSP1CON2<2>) is cleared by hardware and the SSP1IF bit is set Falling edge of 9th clock TBRG SCL SDA ACK P TBRG TBRG TBRG SCL brought high after TBRG SDA asserted low before rising edge of clock to setup Stop condition Note: TBRG = one Baud Rate Generator period. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 331 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.10 SLEEP OPERATION 30.6.13 2 While in Sleep mode, the I C slave module can receive addresses or data and when an address match or complete byte transfer occurs, wake the processor from Sleep (if the MSSP interrupt is enabled). 30.6.11 EFFECTS OF A RESET A Reset disables the MSSP1 module and terminates the current transfer. 30.6.12 MULTI-MASTER MODE In Multi-Master mode, the interrupt generation on the detection of the Start and Stop conditions allows the determination of when the bus is free. The Stop (P) and Start (S) bits are cleared from a Reset or when the MSSP1 module is disabled. Control of the I 2C bus may be taken when the P bit of the SSP1STAT register is set, or the bus is Idle, with both the S and P bits clear. When the bus is busy, enabling the SSP interrupt will generate the interrupt when the Stop condition occurs. In multi-master operation, the SDA line must be monitored for arbitration to see if the signal level is the expected output level. This check is performed by hardware with the result placed in the BCL1IF bit. The states where arbitration can be lost are: * * * * * Address Transfer Data Transfer A Start Condition A Repeated Start Condition An Acknowledge Condition MULTI -MASTER COMMUNICATION, BUS COLLISION AND BUS ARBITRATION Multi-Master mode support is achieved by bus arbitration. When the master outputs address/data bits onto the SDA pin, arbitration takes place when the master outputs a `1' on SDA, by letting SDA float high and another master asserts a `0'. When the SCL pin floats high, data should be stable. If the expected data on SDA is a `1' and the data sampled on the SDA pin is `0', then a bus collision has taken place. The master will set the Bus Collision Interrupt Flag, BCLIF and reset the I2C port to its Idle state (Figure 30-32). If a transmit was in progress when the bus collision occurred, the transmission is halted, the BF flag is cleared, the SDA and SCL lines are deasserted and the SSP1BUF can be written to. When the user services the bus collision Interrupt Service Routine and if the I2C bus is free, the user can resume communication by asserting a Start condition. If a Start, Repeated Start, Stop or Acknowledge condition was in progress when the bus collision occurred, the condition is aborted, the SDA and SCL lines are deasserted and the respective control bits in the SSP1CON2 register are cleared. When the user services the bus collision Interrupt Service Routine and if the I2C bus is free, the user can resume communication by asserting a Start condition. The master will continue to monitor the SDA and SCL pins. If a Stop condition occurs, the SSP1IF bit will be set. A write to the SSP1BUF will start the transmission of data at the first data bit, regardless of where the transmitter left off when the bus collision occurred. In Multi-Master mode, the interrupt generation on the detection of Start and Stop conditions allows the determination of when the bus is free. Control of the I2C bus can be taken when the P bit is set in the SSP1STAT register, or the bus is idle and the S and P bits are cleared. FIGURE 30-32: BUS COLLISION TIMING FOR TRANSMIT AND ACKNOWLEDGE Data changes while SCL = 0 SDA line pulled low by another source SDA released by master Sample SDA. While SCL is high, data does not match what is driven by the master. Bus collision has occurred. SDA SCL Set bus collision interrupt (BCL1IF) BCL1IF DS40001799C-page 332 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.13.1 Bus Collision During a Start Condition During a Start condition, a bus collision occurs if: a) b) SDA or SCL are sampled low at the beginning of the Start condition (Figure 30-33). SCL is sampled low before SDA is asserted low (Figure 30-34). During a Start condition, both the SDA and the SCL pins are monitored. If the SDA pin is sampled low during this count, the BRG is reset and the SDA line is asserted early (Figure 30-35). If, however, a `1' is sampled on the SDA pin, the SDA pin is asserted low at the end of the BRG count. The Baud Rate Generator is then reloaded and counts down to zero; if the SCL pin is sampled as `0' during this time, a bus collision does not occur. At the end of the BRG count, the SCL pin is asserted low. Note: If the SDA pin is already low, or the SCL pin is already low, then all of the following occur: * the Start condition is aborted, * the BCL1IF flag is set and * the MSSP1 module is reset to its Idle state (Figure 30-33). The Start condition begins with the SDA and SCL pins deasserted. When the SDA pin is sampled high, the Baud Rate Generator is loaded and counts down. If the SCL pin is sampled low while SDA is high, a bus collision occurs because it is assumed that another master is attempting to drive a data `1' during the Start condition. FIGURE 30-33: The reason that bus collision is not a factor during a Start condition is that no two bus masters can assert a Start condition at the exact same time. Therefore, one master will always assert SDA before the other. This condition does not cause a bus collision because the two masters must be allowed to arbitrate the first address following the Start condition. If the address is the same, arbitration must be allowed to continue into the data portion, Repeated Start or Stop conditions. BUS COLLISION DURING START CONDITION (SDA ONLY) SDA goes low before the SEN bit is set. Set BCL1IF, S bit and SSP1IF set because SDA = 0, SCL = 1. SDA SCL Set SEN, enable Start condition if SDA = 1, SCL = 1 SEN cleared automatically because of bus collision. SSP module Reset into Idle state. SEN BCL1IF SDA sampled low before Start condition. Set BCL1IF. S bit and SSP1IF set because SDA = 0, SCL = 1. SSP1IF and BCL1IF are cleared by software S SSP1IF SSP1IF and BCL1IF are cleared by software 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 333 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 30-34: BUS COLLISION DURING START CONDITION (SCL = 0) SDA = 0, SCL = 1 TBRG TBRG SDA Set SEN, enable Start sequence if SDA = 1, SCL = 1 SCL SCL = 0 before SDA = 0, bus collision occurs. Set BCL1IF. SEN SCL = 0 before BRG time-out, bus collision occurs. Set BCL1IF. BCL1IF Interrupt cleared by software '0' '0' SSP1IF '0' '0' S FIGURE 30-35: BRG RESET DUE TO SDA ARBITRATION DURING START CONDITION SDA = 0, SCL = 1 Set S Less than TBRG SDA SCL TBRG SDA pulled low by other master. Reset BRG and assert SDA. S SCL pulled low after BRG time-out SEN BCL1IF Set SSP1IF Set SEN, enable Start sequence if SDA = 1, SCL = 1 '0' S SSP1IF SDA = 0, SCL = 1, set SSP1IF DS40001799C-page 334 Interrupts cleared by software 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.13.2 Bus Collision During a Repeated Start Condition If SDA is low, a bus collision has occurred (i.e., another master is attempting to transmit a data `0', Figure 30-36). If SDA is sampled high, the BRG is reloaded and begins counting. If SDA goes from high-to-low before the BRG times out, no bus collision occurs because no two masters can assert SDA at exactly the same time. During a Repeated Start condition, a bus collision occurs if: a) b) A low level is sampled on SDA when SCL goes from low level to high level (Case 1). SCL goes low before SDA is asserted low, indicating that another master is attempting to transmit a data `1' (Case 2). If SCL goes from high-to-low before the BRG times out and SDA has not already been asserted, a bus collision occurs. In this case, another master is attempting to transmit a data `1' during the Repeated Start condition, see Figure 30-37. When the user releases SDA and the pin is allowed to float high, the BRG is loaded with SSP1ADD and counts down to zero. The SCL pin is then deasserted and when sampled high, the SDA pin is sampled. FIGURE 30-36: If, at the end of the BRG time-out, both SCL and SDA are still high, the SDA pin is driven low and the BRG is reloaded and begins counting. At the end of the count, regardless of the status of the SCL pin, the SCL pin is driven low and the Repeated Start condition is complete. BUS COLLISION DURING A REPEATED START CONDITION (CASE 1) SDA SCL Sample SDA when SCL goes high. If SDA = 0, set BCL1IF and release SDA and SCL. RSEN BCL1IF Cleared by software S '0' SSP1IF '0' FIGURE 30-37: BUS COLLISION DURING REPEATED START CONDITION (CASE 2) TBRG TBRG SDA SCL BCL1IF SCL goes low before SDA, set BCL1IF. Release SDA and SCL. Interrupt cleared by software RSEN S '0' SSP1IF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 335 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.6.13.3 Bus Collision During a Stop Condition The Stop condition begins with SDA asserted low. When SDA is sampled low, the SCL pin is allowed to float. When the pin is sampled high (clock arbitration), the Baud Rate Generator is loaded with SSP1ADD and counts down to zero. After the BRG times out, SDA is sampled. If SDA is sampled low, a bus collision has occurred. This is due to another master attempting to drive a data `0' (Figure 30-38). If the SCL pin is sampled low before SDA is allowed to float high, a bus collision occurs. This is another case of another master attempting to drive a data `0' (Figure 30-39). Bus collision occurs during a Stop condition if: a) b) After the SDA pin has been deasserted and allowed to float high, SDA is sampled low after the BRG has timed out (Case 1). After the SCL pin is deasserted, SCL is sampled low before SDA goes high (Case 2). FIGURE 30-38: BUS COLLISION DURING A STOP CONDITION (CASE 1) TBRG TBRG TBRG SDA SDA sampled low after TBRG, set BCL1IF SDA asserted low SCL PEN BCL1IF P '0' SSP1IF '0' FIGURE 30-39: BUS COLLISION DURING A STOP CONDITION (CASE 2) TBRG TBRG TBRG SDA Assert SDA SCL SCL goes low before SDA goes high, set BCL1IF PEN BCL1IF P '0' SSP1IF '0' DS40001799C-page 336 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.7 Baud Rate Generator The MSSP1 module has a Baud Rate Generator available for clock generation in both I2C and SPI Master modes. The Baud Rate Generator (BRG) reload value is placed in the SSP1ADD register (Register 30-6). When a write occurs to SSP1BUF, the Baud Rate Generator will automatically begin counting down. Once the given operation is complete, the internal clock will automatically stop counting and the clock pin will remain in its last state. An internal signal "Reload" in Figure 30-40 triggers the value from SSP1ADD to be loaded into the BRG counter. This occurs twice for each oscillation of the module clock line. The logic dictating when the reload signal is asserted depends on the mode the MSSP1 is being operated in. Table 30-4 demonstrates clock rates based on instruction cycles and the BRG value loaded into SSPADD. EQUATION 30-1: FOSC FCLOCK = ------------------------------------------------- SSP1ADD + 1 4 FIGURE 30-40: BAUD RATE GENERATOR BLOCK DIAGRAM SSPM<3:0> SSPM<3:0> SCL Reload SSP1ADD<7:0> Reload Control SSPxCLK BRG Down Counter FOSC/2 Note: Values of 0x00, 0x01 and 0x02 are not valid for SSP1ADD when used as a Baud Rate Generator for I2C. This is an implementation limitation. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 337 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 30-2: Note: MSSP CLOCK RATE W/BRG FOSC FCY BRG Value FCLOCK (2 Rollovers of BRG) 32 MHz 8 MHz 13h 400 kHz 32 MHz 8 MHz 19h 308 kHz 32 MHz 8 MHz 4Fh 100 kHz 16 MHz 4 MHz 09h 400 kHz 16 MHz 4 MHz 0Ch 308 kHz 16 MHz 4 MHz 27h 100 kHz 4 MHz 1 MHz 09h 100 kHz Refer to the I/O port electrical specifications in Table 35-4 to ensure the system is designed to support IOL requirements. DS40001799C-page 338 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 30.8 Register Definitions: MSSP Control REGISTER 30-1: SSP1STAT: SSP STATUS REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/HS/HC-0/0 SMP CKE(1) D/A R/HS/HC-0/0 R/HS/HC-0/0 P(2) R/HS/HC-0/0 R/HS/HC-0/0 R/HS/HC-0/0 R/W UA BF S(2) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS/HC = Hardware set/clear bit 7 SMP: SPI Data Input Sample bit SPI Master mode: 1 = Input data sampled at end of data output time 0 = Input data sampled at middle of data output time SPI Slave mode: SMP must be cleared when SPI is used in Slave mode In I2C Master or Slave mode: 1 = Slew rate control disabled for Standard Speed mode (100 kHz) 0 = Slew rate control enabled for High-Speed mode (400 kHz) bit 6 CKE: SPI Clock Edge Select bit (SPI mode only)(1) In SPI Master or Slave mode: 1 = Transmit occurs on transition from active to Idle clock state 0 = Transmit occurs on transition from Idle to active clock state In I2CTM mode only: 1 = Enable input logic so that thresholds are compliant with SMBus specification 0 = Disable SMBus specific inputs bit 5 D/A: Data/Address bit (I2C mode only) 1 = Indicates that the last byte received or transmitted was data 0 = Indicates that the last byte received or transmitted was address bit 4 P: Stop bit(2) (I2C mode only. This bit is cleared when the MSSP module is disabled, SSPEN is cleared.) 1 = Indicates that a Stop bit has been detected last (this bit is `0' on Reset) 0 = Stop bit was not detected last bit 3 S: Start bit (2) (I2C mode only. This bit is cleared when the MSSP module is disabled, SSPEN is cleared.) 1 = Indicates that a Start bit has been detected last (this bit is `0' on Reset) 0 = Start bit was not detected last bit 2 R/W: Read/Write bit information (I2C mode only) This bit holds the R/W bit information following the last address match. This bit is only valid from the address match to the next Start bit, Stop bit, or not ACK bit. In I2C Slave mode: 1 = Read 0 = Write In I2C Master mode: 1 = Transmit is in progress 0 = Transmit is not in progress OR-ing this bit with SEN, RSEN, PEN, RCEN or ACKEN will indicate if the MSSP is in Idle mode. bit 1 UA: Update Address bit (10-bit I2C mode only) 1 = Indicates that the user needs to update the address in the SSPADD register 0 = Address does not need to be updated bit 0 BF: Buffer Full Status bit Receive (SPI and I2 C modes): 1 = Receive complete, SSPBUF is full 0 = Receive not complete, SSPBUF is empty Transmit (I2 C mode only): 1 = Data transmit in progress (does not include the ACK and Stop bits), SSPBUF is full 0 = Data transmit complete (does not include the ACK and Stop bits), SSPBUF is empty Note 1: 2: Polarity of clock state is set by the CKP bit of the SSP1CON register. This bit is cleared on Reset and when SSPEN is cleared. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 339 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 30-2: SSP1CON1: SSP CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/C/HS-0/0 R/C/HS-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 WCOL SSPOV(1) SSPEN CKP R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 SSPM<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HS = Bit is set by hardware C = User cleared bit 7 WCOL: Write Collision Detect bit (Transmit mode only) 1 = The SSPBUF register is written while it is still transmitting the previous word (must be cleared in software) 0 = No collision bit 6 SSPOV: Receive Overflow Indicator bit(1) In SPI mode: 1 = A new byte is received while the SSPBUF register is still holding the previous data. In case of overflow, the data in SSPSR is lost. Overflow can only occur in Slave mode. In Slave mode, the user must read the SSPBUF, even if only transmitting data, to avoid setting overflow. In Master mode, the overflow bit is not set since each new reception (and transmission) is initiated by writing to the SSPBUF register (must be cleared in software). 0 = No overflow In I2 C mode: 1 = A byte is received while the SSPBUF register is still holding the previous byte. SSPOV is a "don't care" in Transmit mode (must be cleared in software). 0 = No overflow bit 5 SSPEN: Synchronous Serial Port Enable bit In both modes, when enabled, the following pins must be properly configured as input or output In SPI mode: 1 = Enables serial port and configures SCK, SDO, SDI and SS as the source of the serial port pins(2) 0 = Disables serial port and configures these pins as I/O port pins In I2 C mode: 1 = Enables the serial port and configures the SDA and SCL pins as the source of the serial port pins(3) 0 = Disables serial port and configures these pins as I/O port pins bit 4 CKP: Clock Polarity Select bit In SPI mode: 1 = Idle state for clock is a high level 0 = Idle state for clock is a low level In I2 C Slave mode: SCL release control 1 = Enable clock 0 = Holds clock low (clock stretch). (Used to ensure data setup time.) In I2 C Master mode: Unused in this mode DS40001799C-page 340 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 30-2: bit 3-0 SSP1CON1: SSP CONTROL REGISTER 1 (CONTINUED) SSPM<3:0>: Synchronous Serial Port Mode Select bits 1111 = I2C Slave mode, 10-bit address with Start and Stop bit interrupts enabled 1110 = I2C Slave mode, 7-bit address with Start and Stop bit interrupts enabled 1101 = Reserved 1100 = Reserved 1011 = I2C firmware controlled Master mode (slave idle) 1010 = SPI Master mode, clock = FOSC/(4 * (SSPADD+1))(5) 1001 = Reserved 1000 = I2C Master mode, clock = FOSC / (4 * (SSPADD+1))(4) 0111 = I2C Slave mode, 10-bit address 0110 = I2C Slave mode, 7-bit address 0101 = SPI Slave mode, clock = SCK pin, SS pin control disabled, SS can be used as I/O pin 0100 = SPI Slave mode, clock = SCK pin, SS pin control enabled 0011 = SPI Master mode, clock = T2_match/2 0010 = SPI Master mode, clock = FOSC/64 0001 = SPI Master mode, clock = FOSC/16 0000 = SPI Master mode, clock = FOSC/4 Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: In Master mode, the overflow bit is not set since each new reception (and transmission) is initiated by writing to the SSPBUF register. When enabled, these pins must be properly configured as input or output. Use SSP1SSPPS, SSP1CLKPPS, SSP1DATPPS, and RxyPPS to select the pins. When enabled, the SDA and SCL pins must be configured as inputs. Use SSP1CLKPPS, SSP1DATPPS, and RxyPPS to select the pins. SSPADD values of 0, 1 or 2 are not supported for I2C mode. SSPADD value of `0' is not supported. Use SSPM = 0000 instead. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 341 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 30-3: SSP1CON2: SSP1 CONTROL REGISTER 2 (I2C MODE ONLY)(1) R/W-0/0 R/HS/HC-0 R/W-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 GCEN ACKSTAT ACKDT ACKEN RCEN PEN RSEN SEN bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared HC = Cleared by hardware S = User set bit 7 GCEN: General Call Enable bit (in I2C Slave mode only) 1 = Enable interrupt when a general call address (0x00 or 00h) is received in the SSPSR 0 = General call address disabled bit 6 ACKSTAT: Acknowledge Status bit (in I2C mode only) 1 = Acknowledge was not received 0 = Acknowledge was received bit 5 ACKDT: Acknowledge Data bit (in I2C mode only) In Receive mode: Value transmitted when the user initiates an Acknowledge sequence at the end of a receive 1 = Not Acknowledge 0 = Acknowledge bit 4 ACKEN: Acknowledge Sequence Enable bit (in I2C Master mode only) In Master Receive mode: 1 = Initiate Acknowledge sequence on SDA and SCL pins, and transmit ACKDT data bit. Automatically cleared by hardware. 0 = Acknowledge sequence idle bit 3 RCEN: Receive Enable bit (in I2C Master mode only) 1 = Enables Receive mode for I2C 0 = Receive idle bit 2 PEN: Stop Condition Enable bit (in I2C Master mode only) 1 = Initiate Stop condition on SDA and SCL pins. Automatically cleared by hardware. 0 = Stop condition idle bit 1 RSEN: Repeated Start Condition Enable bit (in I2C Master mode only) 1 = Initiate Repeated Start condition on SDA and SCL pins. Automatically cleared by hardware. 0 = Repeated Start condition idle bit 0 SEN: Start Condition Enable/Stretch Enable bit In Master mode: 1 = Initiate Start condition on SDA and SCL pins. Automatically cleared by hardware. 0 = Start condition idle In Slave mode: 1 = Clock stretching is enabled for both slave transmit and slave receive (stretch enabled) 0 = Clock stretching is disabled Note 1: For bits ACKEN, RCEN, PEN, RSEN, SEN: If the I2C module is not in the idle state, these bits may not be set (no spooling) and the SSPBUF may not be written. DS40001799C-page 342 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 30-4: SSP1CON3: SSP CONTROL REGISTER 3 R-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ACKTIM(3) PCIE SCIE BOEN SDAHT SBCDE AHEN DHEN bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 ACKTIM: Acknowledge Time Status bit (I2C mode only)(3) 1 = Indicates the I2C bus is in an Acknowledge sequence, set on eighth falling edge of SCL clock 0 = Not an Acknowledge sequence, cleared on ninth rising edge of SCL clock bit 6 PCIE: Stop Condition Interrupt Enable bit (I2C mode only) 1 = Enable interrupt on detection of Stop condition 0 = Stop detection interrupts are disabled(2) bit 5 SCIE: Start Condition Interrupt Enable bit (I2C mode only) 1 = Enable interrupt on detection of Start or Restart conditions 0 = Start detection interrupts are disabled(2) bit 4 BOEN: Buffer Overwrite Enable bit In SPI Slave mode:(1) 1 = SSPBUF updates every time that a new data byte is shifted in ignoring the BF bit 0 = If new byte is received with BF bit of the SSPSTAT register already set, SSPOV bit of the SSP1CON1 register is set, and the buffer is not updated In I2C Master mode and SPI Master mode: This bit is ignored. In I2C Slave mode: 1 = SSPBUF is updated and ACK is generated for a received address/data byte, ignoring the state of the SSPOV bit only if the BF bit = 0. 0 = SSPBUF is only updated when SSPOV is clear bit 3 SDAHT: SDA Hold Time Selection bit (I2C mode only) 1 = Minimum of 300 ns hold time on SDA after the falling edge of SCL 0 = Minimum of 100 ns hold time on SDA after the falling edge of SCL bit 2 SBCDE: Slave Mode Bus Collision Detect Enable bit (I2C Slave mode only) If, on the rising edge of SCL, SDA is sampled low when the module is outputting a high state, the BCL1IF bit of the PIR1 register is set, and bus goes idle 1 = Enable slave bus collision interrupts 0 = Slave bus collision interrupts are disabled bit 1 AHEN: Address Hold Enable bit (I2C Slave mode only) 1 = Following the eighth falling edge of SCL for a matching received address byte; CKP bit of the SSP1CON1 register will be cleared by hardware and the SCL will be held low. 0 = Address holding is disabled bit 0 DHEN: Data Hold Enable bit (I2C Slave mode only) 1 = Following the eighth falling edge of SCL for a received data byte; slave hardware clears the CKP bit of the SSP1CON1 register and SCL is held low. 0 = Data holding is disabled Note 1: 2: 3: For daisy-chained SPI operation; allows the user to ignore all but the last received byte. SSPOV is still set when a new byte is received and BF = 1, but hardware continues to write the most recent byte to SSPBUF. This bit has no effect in Slave modes that Start and Stop condition detection is explicitly listed as enabled. The ACKTIM Status bit is only active when the AHEN bit or DHEN bit is set. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 343 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 30-5: R/W-1/1 SSP1MSK: SSP MASK REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 SSP1MSK<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-1 SSP1MSK<7:1>: Mask bits 1 = The received address bit n is compared to SSPADD<n> to detect I2C address match 0 = The received address bit n is not used to detect I2C address match bit 0 SSP1MSK<0>: Mask bit for I2C Slave mode, 10-bit Address I2C Slave mode, 10-bit address (SSPM<3:0> = 0111 or 1111): 1 = The received address bit 0 is compared to SSPADD<0> to detect I2C address match 0 = The received address bit 0 is not used to detect I2C address match I2C Slave mode, 7-bit address: MSK0 bit is ignored. REGISTER 30-6: R/W-0/0 SSP1ADD: SSP ADDRESS AND BAUD RATE REGISTER (I2C MODE) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 SSP1ADD<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared Master mode: bit 7-0 SSP1ADD<7:0>: Baud Rate Clock Divider bits SCL pin clock period = ((ADD<7:0> + 1) *4)/FOSC 10-bit Slave mode - Most Significant Address Byte: bit 7-3 Not used: Unused for Most Significant Address Byte. Bit state of this register is a "don't care". Bit pattern sent by master is fixed by I2C specification and must be equal to `11110'. However, those bits are compared by hardware and are not affected by the value in this register. bit 2-1 SSP1ADD<2:1>: Two Most Significant bits of 10-bit address bit 0 Not used: Unused in this mode. Bit state is a "don't care". 10-bit Slave mode - Least Significant Address Byte: bit 7-0 SSP1ADD<7:0>: Eight Least Significant bits of 10-bit address 7-bit Slave mode: bit 7-1 SSP1ADD<7:1>: 7-bit address bit 0 Not used: Unused in this mode. Bit state is a "don't care". DS40001799C-page 344 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 30-7: R/W-x/u SSP1BUF: SSP BUFFER REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u SSP1BUF<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 SSP1BUF<7:0>: MSSP Buffer bits TABLE 30-3: Name TRISA ANSELA INLVLA (1) SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH MSSP1 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA5 TRISA4 (3) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 INLVLA5 INLVLA4 INLVLA3 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 134 TRISC(2) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 ANSELC(2) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 141 GIE PEIE INTEDG 89 INLVLC(1,2) INTCON PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 96 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 91 PIR2 C2IF(2) C1IF NVMIF NCO1IF 97 C2IE(2) C1IE NVMIE NCO1IE 92 SSP1STAT SMP CKE D/A P S R/W UA BF 339 SSP1CON1 WCOL SSPOV SSPEN CKP SSP1CON2 GCEN ACKSTAT ACKDT ACKEN RCEN PEN RSEN SEN 342 SSP1CON3 ACKTIM PCIE SCIE BOEN SDAHT SBCDE AHEN DHEN 343 PIE2 SSPM<3:0> 340 SSP1MSK SSP1MSK<7:0> 344 SSP1ADD SSP1ADD<7:0> 344 SSP1BUF SSP1BUF<7:0> 345 SSP1CLKPPS SSP1CLKPPS<4:0> 144 SSP1DATPPS SSP1DATPPS<4:0> 144 SSP1SSPPS SSP1SSPPS<4:0> 144 Legend: Note 1: 2: 3: -- = Unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by the MSSP module When using designated I2C pins, the associated pin values in INLVLx will be ignored. PIC16(L)F18323 only. Unimplemented, read as `1'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 345 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.0 The EUSART1 capabilities: ENHANCED UNIVERSAL SYNCHRONOUS ASYNCHRONOUS RECEIVER TRANSMITTER (EUSART1) module includes the following * * * * * * * * * * Full-duplex asynchronous transmit and receive Two-character input buffer One-character output buffer Programmable 8-bit or 9-bit character length Address detection in 9-bit mode Input buffer overrun error detection Received character framing error detection Half-duplex synchronous master Half-duplex synchronous slave Programmable clock polarity in synchronous modes * Sleep operation The Enhanced Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (EUSART1) module is a serial I/O communications peripheral. It contains all the clock generators, shift registers and data buffers necessary to perform an input or output serial data transfer independent of device program execution. The EUSART1, also known as a Serial Communications Interface (SCI), can be configured as a full-duplex asynchronous system or half-duplex synchronous system. Full-Duplex mode is useful for communications with peripheral systems, such as CRT terminals and personal computers. Half-Duplex Synchronous mode is intended for communications with peripheral devices, such as A/D or D/A integrated circuits, serial EEPROMs or other microcontrollers. These devices typically do not have internal clocks for baud rate generation and require the external clock signal provided by a master synchronous device. The EUSART1 module implements the following additional features, making it ideally suited for use in Local Interconnect Network (LIN) bus systems: * Automatic detection and calibration of the baud rate * Wake-up on Break reception * 13-bit Break character transmit Block diagrams of the EUSART1 transmitter and receiver are shown in Figure 31-1 and Figure 31-2. The EUSART1 transmit output (TX_out) is available to the TX/CK pin and internally to the following peripherals: * Configurable Logic Cell (CLC) FIGURE 31-1: EUSART1 TRANSMIT BLOCK DIAGRAM Data Bus TXIE Interrupt TXIF TX1REG Register 8 MSb TX/CK pin LSb (8) * * * Pin Buffer and Control 0 Transmit Shift Register (TSR) TX_out TXEN TRMT Baud Rate Generator FOSC TX9 n BRG16 +1 SP1BRGH /n SP1BRGL DS40001799C-page 346 Multiplier x4 x16 x64 SYNC 1 X X X X BRGH X 1 1 0 0 BRG16 X 1 0 1 0 TX9D 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 31-2: EUSART1 RECEIVE BLOCK DIAGRAM SPEN CREN RX/DT pin Baud Rate Generator Data Recovery FOSC BRG16 SP1BRGH SP1BRGL Multiplier x4 x16 x64 SYNC 1 X 0 0 0 BRGH X 1 1 0 0 BRG16 X 1 0 1 0 Stop RCIDL RSR Register MSb Pin Buffer and Control +1 OERR (8) *** 7 1 LSb 0 Start RX9 /n n FERR RX9D RC1REG Register 8 FIFO Data Bus RCIF RCIE Interrupt The operation of the EUSART1 module is controlled through three registers: * Transmit Status and Control (TX1STA) * Receive Status and Control (RC1STA) * Baud Rate Control (BAUD1CON) These registers are detailed in Register 31-1, Register 31-2 and Register 31-3, respectively. The RX and CK input pins are selected with the RXPPS and CKPPS registers, respectively. TX, CK, and DT output pins are selected with each pin's RxyPPS register. Since the RX input is coupled with the DT output in Synchronous mode, it is the user's responsibility to select the same pin for both of these functions when operating in Synchronous mode. The EUSART1 control logic will control the data direction drivers automatically. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 347 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.1 EUSART1 Asynchronous Mode The EUSART1 transmits and receives data using the standard non-return-to-zero (NRZ) format. NRZ is implemented with two levels: a VOH Mark state which represents a `1' data bit, and a VOL Space state which represents a `0' data bit. NRZ refers to the fact that consecutively transmitted data bits of the same value stay at the output level of that bit without returning to a neutral level between each bit transmission. An NRZ transmission port idles in the Mark state. Each character transmission consists of one Start bit followed by eight or nine data bits and is always terminated by one or more Stop bits. The Start bit is always a space and the Stop bits are always marks. The most common data format is eight bits. Each transmitted bit persists for a period of 1/(Baud Rate). An on-chip dedicated 8-bit/16-bit Baud Rate Generator is used to derive standard baud rate frequencies from the system oscillator. See Table 31-3 for examples of baud rate configurations. 31.1.1.2 Transmitting Data A transmission is initiated by writing a character to the TX1REG register. If this is the first character, or the previous character has been completely flushed from the TSR, the data in the TX1REG is immediately transferred to the TSR register. If the TSR still contains all or part of a previous character, the new character data is held in the TX1REG until the Stop bit of the previous character has been transmitted. The pending character in the TX1REG is then transferred to the TSR in one TCY immediately following the Stop bit transmission. The transmission of the Start bit, data bits and Stop bit sequence commences immediately following the transfer of the data to the TSR from the TX1REG. 31.1.1.3 Transmit Data Polarity The EUSART1 transmits and receives the LSb first. The EUSART1's transmitter and receiver are functionally independent, but share the same data format and baud rate. Parity is not supported by the hardware, but can be implemented in software and stored as the ninth data bit. The polarity of the transmit data can be controlled with the SCKP bit of the BAUD1CON register. The default state of this bit is `0' which selects high true transmit idle and data bits. Setting the SCKP bit to `1' will invert the transmit data resulting in low true idle and data bits. The SCKP bit controls transmit data polarity in Asynchronous mode only. In Synchronous mode, the SCKP bit has a different function. See Section 31.4.1.2 "Clock Polarity". 31.1.1 31.1.1.4 EUSART1 ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMITTER The EUSART1 transmitter block diagram is shown in Figure 31-1. The heart of the transmitter is the serial Transmit Shift Register (TSR), which is not directly accessible by software. The TSR obtains its data from the transmit buffer, which is the TX1REG register. 31.1.1.1 Enabling the Transmitter The EUSART1 transmitter is enabled for asynchronous operations by configuring the following three control bits: * TXEN = 1 * SYNC = 0 * SPEN = 1 All other EUSART1 control bits are assumed to be in their default state. Setting the TXEN bit of the TX1STA register enables the transmitter circuitry of the EUSART1. Clearing the SYNC bit of the TX1STA register configures the EUSART1 for asynchronous operation. Setting the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register enables the EUSART1 and automatically configures the TX/CK I/O pin as an output. If the TX/CK pin is shared with an analog peripheral, the analog I/O function must be disabled by clearing the corresponding ANSEL bit. Note: Transmit Interrupt Flag The TXIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register is set whenever the EUSART1 transmitter is enabled and no character is being held for transmission in the TX1REG. In other words, the TXIF bit is only clear when the TSR is busy with a character and a new character has been queued for transmission in the TX1REG. The TXIF flag bit is not cleared immediately upon writing TX1REG. TXIF becomes valid in the second instruction cycle following the write execution. Polling TXIF immediately following the TX1REG write will return invalid results. The TXIF bit is read-only, it cannot be set or cleared by software. The TXIF interrupt can be enabled by setting the TXIE interrupt enable bit of the PIE1 register. However, the TXIF flag bit will be set whenever the TX1REG is empty, regardless of the state of TXIE enable bit. To use interrupts when transmitting data, set the TXIE bit only when there is more data to send. Clear the TXIE interrupt enable bit upon writing the last character of the transmission to the TX1REG. The TXIF Transmitter Interrupt flag is set when the TXEN enable bit is set. DS40001799C-page 348 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.1.1.5 TSR Status 31.1.1.7 The TRMT bit of the TX1STA register indicates the status of the TSR register. This is a read-only bit. The TRMT bit is set when the TSR register is empty and is cleared when a character is transferred to the TSR register from the TX1REG. The TRMT bit remains clear until all bits have been shifted out of the TSR register. No interrupt logic is tied to this bit, so the user has to poll this bit to determine the TSR status. Note: 31.1.1.6 1. 2. 3. The TSR register is not mapped in data memory, so it is not available to the user. Transmitting 9-bit Characters The EUSART1 supports 9-bit character transmissions. When the TX9 bit of the TX1STA register is set, the EUSART1 will shift nine bits out for each character transmitted. The TX9D bit of the TX1STA register is the ninth, and Most Significant data bit. When transmitting 9-bit data, the TX9D data bit must be written before writing the eight Least Significant bits into the TX1REG. All nine bits of data will be transferred to the TSR shift register immediately after the TX1REG is written. A special 9-bit Address mode is available for use with multiple receivers. See Section 31.1.2.7 "Address Detection" for more information on the Address mode. FIGURE 31-3: Write to TX1REG BRG Output (Shift Clock) TX/CK pin TXIF bit (Transmit Buffer Reg. Empty Flag) TRMT bit (Transmit Shift Reg. Empty Flag) 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Asynchronous Transmission Set-up Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair and the BRGH and BRG16 bits to achieve the desired baud rate (see Section 31.3 "EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG)"). Enable the asynchronous serial port by clearing the SYNC bit and setting the SPEN bit. If 9-bit transmission is desired, set the TX9 control bit. A set ninth data bit will indicate that the eight Least Significant data bits are an address when the receiver is set for address detection. Set SCKP bit if inverted transmit is desired. Enable the transmission by setting the TXEN control bit. This will cause the TXIF interrupt bit to be set. If interrupts are desired, set the TXIE interrupt enable bit of the PIE1 register. An interrupt will occur immediately provided that the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register are also set. If 9-bit transmission is selected, the ninth bit should be loaded into the TX9D data bit. Load 8-bit data into the TX1REG register. This will start the transmission. ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION Word 1 Start bit bit 0 bit 1 bit 7/8 Stop bit Word 1 1 TCY Word 1 Transmit Shift Reg. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 349 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 31-4: ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION (BACK-TO-BACK) Write to TX1REG SPR1BRG Output (Shift Clock) Word 1 TX/CK pin TXIF bit (Transmit Buffer Reg. Empty Flag) TRMT bit (Transmit Shift Reg. Empty Flag) Start bit bit 0 1 TCY bit 7/8 Stop bit Start bit Word 2 bit 0 1 TCY Word 1 Transmit Shift Reg. EUSART1 ASYNCHRONOUS RECEIVER The Asynchronous mode is typically used in RS-232 systems. The receiver block diagram is shown in Figure 31-2. The data is received on the RX/DT pin and drives the data recovery block. The data recovery block is actually a high-speed shifter operating at 16 times the baud rate, whereas the serial Receive Shift Register (RSR) operates at the bit rate. When all eight or nine bits of the character have been shifted in, they are immediately transferred to a two character First-In-First-Out (FIFO) memory. The FIFO buffering allows reception of two complete characters and the start of a third character before software must start servicing the EUSART1 receiver. The FIFO and RSR registers are not directly accessible by software. Access to the received data is via the RC1REG register. 31.1.2.1 Enabling the Receiver The EUSART1 receiver is enabled for asynchronous operation by configuring the following three control bits: * CREN = 1 * SYNC = 0 * SPEN = 1 All other EUSART1 control bits are assumed to be in their default state. Setting the CREN bit of the RC1STA register enables the receiver circuitry of the EUSART1. Clearing the SYNC bit of the TX1STA register configures the EUSART1 for asynchronous operation. Setting the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register enables the EUSART1. The programmer must set the corresponding TRIS bit to configure the RX/DT I/O pin as an input. Note: bit 1 Word 1 Word 2 Transmit Shift Reg. This timing diagram shows two consecutive transmissions. Note: 31.1.2 Word 2 31.1.2.2 Receiving Data The receiver data recovery circuit initiates character reception on the falling edge of the first bit. The first bit, also known as the Start bit, is always a zero. The data recovery circuit counts one-half bit time to the center of the Start bit and verifies that the bit is still a zero. If it is not a zero then the data recovery circuit aborts character reception, without generating an error, and resumes looking for the falling edge of the Start bit. If the Start bit zero verification succeeds then the data recovery circuit counts a full bit time to the center of the next bit. The bit is then sampled by a majority detect circuit and the resulting `0' or `1' is shifted into the RSR. This repeats until all data bits have been sampled and shifted into the RSR. One final bit time is measured and the level sampled. This is the Stop bit, which is always a `1'. If the data recovery circuit samples a `0' in the Stop bit position then a framing error is set for this character, otherwise the framing error is cleared for this character. See Section 31.1.2.4 "Receive Framing Error" for more information on framing errors. Immediately after all data bits and the Stop bit have been received, the character in the RSR is transferred to the EUSART1 receive FIFO and the RCIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register is set. The top character in the FIFO is transferred out of the FIFO by reading the RC1REG register. Note: If the receive FIFO is overrun, no additional characters will be received until the Overrun condition is cleared. See Section 31.1.2.5 "Receive Overrun Error" for more information on overrun errors. If the RX/DT function is on an analog pin, the corresponding ANSEL bit must be cleared for the receiver to function. DS40001799C-page 350 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.1.2.3 Receive Interrupts The RCIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register is set whenever the EUSART1 receiver is enabled and there is an unread character in the receive FIFO. The RCIF interrupt flag bit is read-only, it cannot be set or cleared by software. RCIF interrupts are enabled by setting all of the following bits: * RCIE, Interrupt Enable bit of the PIE1 register * PEIE, Peripheral Interrupt Enable bit of the INTCON register * GIE, Global Interrupt Enable bit of the INTCON register The RCIF interrupt flag bit will be set when there is an unread character in the FIFO, regardless of the state of interrupt enable bits. 31.1.2.4 Receive Framing Error Each character in the receive FIFO buffer has a corresponding framing error Status bit. A framing error indicates that a Stop bit was not seen at the expected time. The framing error status is accessed via the FERR bit of the RC1STA register. The FERR bit represents the status of the top unread character in the receive FIFO. Therefore, the FERR bit must be read before reading the RC1REG. The FERR bit is read-only and only applies to the top unread character in the receive FIFO. A framing error (FERR = 1) does not preclude reception of additional characters. It is not necessary to clear the FERR bit. Reading the next character from the FIFO buffer will advance the FIFO to the next character and the next corresponding framing error. 31.1.2.6 Receiving 9-bit Characters The EUSART1 supports 9-bit character reception. When the RX9 bit of the RC1STA register is set the EUSART1 will shift nine bits into the RSR for each character received. The RX9D bit of the RC1STA register is the ninth and Most Significant data bit of the top unread character in the receive FIFO. When reading 9-bit data from the receive FIFO buffer, the RX9D data bit must be read before reading the eight Least Significant bits from the RC1REG. 31.1.2.7 Address Detection A special Address Detection mode is available for use when multiple receivers share the same transmission line, such as in RS-485 systems. Address detection is enabled by setting the ADDEN bit of the RC1STA register. Address detection requires 9-bit character reception. When address detection is enabled, only characters with the ninth data bit set will be transferred to the receive FIFO buffer, thereby setting the RCIF interrupt bit. All other characters will be ignored. Upon receiving an address character, user software determines if the address matches its own. Upon address match, user software must disable address detection by clearing the ADDEN bit before the next Stop bit occurs. When user software detects the end of the message, determined by the message protocol used, software places the receiver back into the Address Detection mode by setting the ADDEN bit. The FERR bit can be forced clear by clearing the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register which resets the EUSART1. Clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register does not affect the FERR bit. A framing error by itself does not generate an interrupt. Note: 31.1.2.5 If all receive characters in the receive FIFO have framing errors, repeated reads of the RC1REG will not clear the FERR bit. Receive Overrun Error The receive FIFO buffer can hold two characters. An overrun error will be generated if a third character, in its entirety, is received before the FIFO is accessed. When this happens the OERR bit of the RC1STA register is set. The characters already in the FIFO buffer can be read but no additional characters will be received until the error is cleared. The error must be cleared by either clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register or by resetting the EUSART1 by clearing the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 351 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.1.2.8 Asynchronous Reception Setup 31.1.2.9 1. Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair and the BRGH and BRG16 bits to achieve the desired baud rate (see Section 31.3 "EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG)"). 2. Clear the ANSEL bit for the RX pin (if applicable). 3. Enable the serial port by setting the SPEN bit. The SYNC bit must be clear for asynchronous operation. 4. If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. 5. If 9-bit reception is desired, set the RX9 bit. 6. Enable reception by setting the CREN bit. 7. The RCIF interrupt flag bit will be set when a character is transferred from the RSR to the receive buffer. An interrupt will be generated if the RCIE interrupt enable bit was also set. 8. Read the RC1STA register to get the error flags and, if 9-bit data reception is enabled, the ninth data bit. 9. Get the received eight Least Significant data bits from the receive buffer by reading the RC1REG register. 10. If an overrun occurred, clear the OERR flag by clearing the CREN receiver enable bit. FIGURE 31-5: Rcv Shift Reg Rcv Buffer Reg. RCIDL This mode would typically be used in RS-485 systems. To set up an Asynchronous Reception with Address Detect Enable: 1. Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair and the BRGH and BRG16 bits to achieve the desired baud rate (see Section 31.3 "EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG)"). 2. Clear the ANSEL bit for the RX pin (if applicable). 3. Enable the serial port by setting the SPEN bit. The SYNC bit must be clear for asynchronous operation. 4. If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. 5. Enable 9-bit reception by setting the RX9 bit. 6. Enable address detection by setting the ADDEN bit. 7. Enable reception by setting the CREN bit. 8. The RCIF interrupt flag bit will be set when a character with the ninth bit set is transferred from the RSR to the receive buffer. An interrupt will be generated if the RCIE interrupt enable bit was also set. 9. Read the RC1STA register to get the error flags. The ninth data bit will always be set. 10. Get the received eight Least Significant data bits from the receive buffer by reading the RC1REG register. Software determines if this is the device's address. 11. If an overrun occurred, clear the OERR flag by clearing the CREN receiver enable bit. 12. If the device has been addressed, clear the ADDEN bit to allow all received data into the receive buffer and generate interrupts. ASYNCHRONOUS RECEPTION Start bit bit 0 RX/DT pin 9-bit Address Detection Mode Setup bit 1 bit 7/8 Stop bit Start bit bit 0 Word 1 RC1REG bit 7/8 Stop bit Start bit bit 7/8 Stop bit Word 2 RC1REG Read Rcv Buffer Reg. RC1REG RCIF (Interrupt Flag) OERR bit CREN Note: This timing diagram shows three words appearing on the RX input. The RC1REG (receive buffer) is read after the third word, causing the OERR (overrun) bit to be set. DS40001799C-page 352 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.2 Clock Accuracy with Asynchronous Operation The factory calibrates the internal oscillator block output (INTOSC). However, the INTOSC frequency may drift as VDD or temperature changes, and this directly affects the asynchronous baud rate. Two methods may be used to adjust the baud rate clock, but both require a reference clock source of some kind. The first (preferred) method uses the OSCTUNE register to adjust the INTOSC output. Adjusting the value in the OSCTUNE register allows for fine resolution changes to the system clock source. See Section 7.2.2.3 "Internal Oscillator Frequency Adjustment" for more information. The other method adjusts the value in the Baud Rate Generator. This can be done automatically with the Auto-Baud Detect feature (see Section 31.3.1 "Auto-Baud Detect"). There may not be fine enough resolution when adjusting the Baud Rate Generator to compensate for a gradual change in the peripheral clock frequency. 31.3 EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG) EXAMPLE 31-1: CALCULATING BAUD RATE ERROR For a device with FOSC of 16 MHz, desired baud rate of 9600, Asynchronous mode, 8-bit SPR1BRG: F OS C Desired Baud Rate = -----------------------------------------------------------------------64 [SPBRGH:SPBRGL] + 1 Solving for SP1BRGH:SP1BRGL: FOSC --------------------------------------------Desired Baud Rate X = --------------------------------------------- - 1 64 16000000 -----------------------9600 = ------------------------ - 1 64 = 25.042 = 25 16000000 Calculated Baud Rate = --------------------------64 25 + 1 = 9615 Calc. Baud Rate - Desired Baud Rate Error = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Desired Baud Rate 9615 - 9600 = ---------------------------------- = 0.16% 9600 The Baud Rate Generator (BRG) is an 8-bit or 16-bit timer that is dedicated to the support of both the asynchronous and synchronous EUSART1 operation. By default, the BRG operates in 8-bit mode. Setting the BRG16 bit of the BAUD1CON register selects 16-bit mode. The SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair determines the period of the free running baud rate timer. In Asynchronous mode the multiplier of the baud rate period is determined by both the BRGH bit of the TX1STA register and the BRG16 bit of the BAUD1CON register. In Synchronous mode, the BRGH bit is ignored. Table 31-1 contains the formulas for determining the baud rate. Example 31-1 provides a sample calculation for determining the baud rate and baud rate error. Typical baud rates and error values for various asynchronous modes have been computed for your convenience and are shown in Table 31-3. It may be advantageous to use the high baud rate (BRGH = 1), or the 16-bit BRG (BRG16 = 1) to reduce the baud rate error. The 16-bit BRG mode is used to achieve slow baud rates for fast oscillator frequencies. Writing a new value to the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair causes the BRG timer to be reset (or cleared). This ensures that the BRG does not wait for a timer overflow before outputting the new baud rate. If the system clock is changed during an active receive operation, a receive error or data loss may result. To avoid this problem, check the status of the RCIDL bit to make sure that the receive operation is idle before changing the system clock. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 353 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.3.1 AUTO-BAUD DETECT The EUSART1 module supports automatic detection and calibration of the baud rate. In the Auto-Baud Detect (ABD) mode, the clock to the BRG is reversed. Rather than the BRG clocking the incoming RX signal, the RX signal is timing the BRG. The Baud Rate Generator is used to time the period of a received 55h (ASCII "U") which is the Sync character for the LIN bus. The unique feature of this character is that it has five rising edges including the Stop bit edge. Setting the ABDEN bit of the BAUD1CON register starts the auto-baud calibration sequence. While the ABD sequence takes place, the EUSART1 state machine is held in Idle. On the first rising edge of the receive line, after the Start bit, the SPBRG begins counting up using the BRG counter clock as shown in Figure 31-6. The fifth rising edge will occur on the RX pin at the end of the eighth bit period. At that time, an accumulated value totaling the proper BRG period is left in the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair, the ABDEN bit is automatically cleared and the RCIF interrupt flag is set. The value in the RC1REG needs to be read to clear the RCIF interrupt. RC1REG content should be discarded. When calibrating for modes that do not use the SP1BRGH register the user can verify that the SP1BRGL register did not overflow by checking for 00h in the SP1BRGH register. The BRG auto-baud clock is determined by the BRG16 and BRGH bits as shown in Table 31-1. During ABD, both the SP1BRGH and SP1BRGL registers are used as a 16-bit counter, independent of the BRG16 bit setting. While calibrating the baud rate period, the SP1BRGH and SP1BRGL registers are clocked at FIGURE 31-6: Note 1: If the WUE bit is set with the ABDEN bit, auto-baud detection will occur on the byte following the Break character (see Section 31.3.3 "Auto-Wake-up on Break"). 2: It is up to the user to determine that the incoming character baud rate is within the range of the selected BRG clock source. Some combinations of oscillator frequency and EUSART1 baud rates are not possible. 3: During the auto-baud process, the auto-baud counter starts counting at one. Upon completion of the auto-baud sequence, to achieve maximum accuracy, subtract 1 from the SP1BRGH:SP1BRGL register pair. TABLE 31-1: BRG COUNTER CLOCK RATES BRG16 BRGH BRG Base Clock BRG ABD Clock 0 0 FOSC/64 FOSC/512 0 1 FOSC/16 FOSC/128 1 0 FOSC/16 FOSC/128 1 1 FOSC/4 FOSC/32 Note: During the ABD sequence, SP1BRGL and SP1BRGH registers are both used as a 16-bit counter, independent of the BRG16 setting. AUTOMATIC BAUD RATE CALIBRATION XXXXh SPR1BRG Value 1/8th the BRG base clock rate. The resulting byte measurement is the average bit time when clocked at full speed. RX pin 0000h 001Ch Start Edge #1 bit 1 bit 0 Edge #2 bit 3 bit 2 Edge #3 bit 5 bit 4 Edge #4 bit 7 bit 6 Edge #5 Stop bit SPR1BRG Clock Auto Cleared Set by User ABDEN bit RCIDL RCIF bit (Interrupt) Read RC1REG SP1BRGL XXh 1Ch SP1BRGH XXh 00h Note 1: The ABD sequence requires the EUSART1 module to be configured in Asynchronous mode. DS40001799C-page 354 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.3.2 AUTO-BAUD OVERFLOW During the course of automatic-baud detection, the ABDOVF bit of the BAUD1CON register will be set if the baud rate counter overflows before the fifth rising edge is detected on the RX pin. The ABDOVF bit indicates that the counter has exceeded the maximum count that can fit in the 16 bits of the SP1BRGH:SP1BRGL register pair. The Overflow condition will set the RCIF flag. The counter continues to count until the fifth rising edge is detected on the RX pin. The RCIDL bit will remain false (`0') until the fifth rising edge at which time the RCIDL bit will be set. If the RC1REG is read after the overflow occurs but before the fifth rising edge, then the fifth rising edge will set the RCIF again. Terminating the auto-baud process early to clear an Overflow condition will prevent proper detection of the sync character fifth rising edge. If any falling edges of the sync character have not yet occurred when the ABDEN bit is cleared, then those will be falsely detected as Start bits. The following steps are recommended to clear the Overflow condition: 1. 2. 3. Read RC1REG to clear RCIF If RCIDL is zero, then wait for RCIF and repeat step 1 Clear the ABDOVF bit 31.3.3 AUTO-WAKE-UP ON BREAK During Sleep mode, all clocks to the EUSART1 are suspended. Because of this, the Baud Rate Generator is inactive and a proper character reception cannot be performed. The Auto-Wake-up feature allows the controller to wake-up due to activity on the RX/DT line. This feature is available only in Asynchronous mode. The Auto-Wake-up feature is enabled by setting the WUE bit of the BAUD1CON register. Once set, the normal receive sequence on RX/DT is disabled, and the EUSART1 remains in an Idle state, monitoring for a wake-up event independent of the CPU mode. A wake-up event consists of a high-to-low transition on the RX/DT line. (This coincides with the start of a Sync Break or a wake-up signal character for the LIN protocol.) 31.3.3.1 Special Considerations Break Character To avoid character errors or character fragments during a wake-up event, the wake-up character must be all zeros. When the wake-up is enabled the function works independent of the low time on the data stream. If the WUE bit is set and a valid non-zero character is received, the low time from the Start bit to the first rising edge will be interpreted as the wake-up event. The remaining bits in the character will be received as a fragmented character and subsequent characters can result in framing or overrun errors. Therefore, the initial character in the transmission must be all `0's. This must be ten or more bit times, 13-bit times recommended for LIN bus, or any number of bit times for standard RS-232 devices. Oscillator Start-up Time Oscillator start-up time must be considered, especially in applications using oscillators with longer start-up intervals (i.e., LP, XT or HS/PLL mode). The Sync Break (or wake-up signal) character must be of sufficient length, and be followed by a sufficient interval, to allow enough time for the selected oscillator to start and provide proper initialization of the EUSART1. WUE Bit The wake-up event causes a receive interrupt by setting the RCIF bit. The WUE bit is cleared in hardware by a rising edge on RX/DT. The Interrupt condition is then cleared in software by reading the RC1REG register and discarding its contents. To ensure that no actual data is lost, check the RCIDL bit to verify that a receive operation is not in process before setting the WUE bit. If a receive operation is not occurring, the WUE bit may then be set just prior to entering the Sleep mode. The EUSART1 module generates an RCIF interrupt coincident with the wake-up event. The interrupt is generated synchronously to the Q clocks in normal CPU operating modes (Figure 31-7), and asynchronously if the device is in Sleep mode (Figure 31-8). The Interrupt condition is cleared by reading the RC1REG register. The WUE bit is automatically cleared by the low-to-high transition on the RX line at the end of the Break. This signals to the user that the Break event is over. At this point, the EUSART1 module is in Idle mode waiting to receive the next character. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 355 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 31-7: AUTO-WAKE-UP BIT (WUE) TIMING DURING NORMAL OPERATION Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 OSC1 Auto Cleared Bit set by user WUE bit RX/DT Line RCIF Note 1: Cleared due to User Read of RC1REG The EUSART1 remains in Idle while the WUE bit is set. FIGURE 31-8: AUTO-WAKE-UP BIT (WUE) TIMINGS DURING SLEEP Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 OSC1 Auto Cleared Bit Set by User WUE bit RX/DT Line Note 1 RCIF Sleep Command Executed Note 1: 2: 31.3.4 Cleared due to User Read of RC1REG Sleep Ends If the wake-up event requires long oscillator warm-up time, the automatic clearing of the WUE bit can occur while the stposc signal is still active. This sequence should not depend on the presence of Q clocks. The EUSART1 remains in Idle while the WUE bit is set. BREAK CHARACTER SEQUENCE The EUSART1 module has the capability of sending the special Break character sequences that are required by the LIN bus standard. A Break character consists of a Start bit, followed by 12 `0' bits and a Stop bit. To send a Break character, set the SENDB and TXEN bits of the TX1STA register. The Break character transmission is then initiated by a write to the TX1REG. The value of data written to TX1REG will be ignored and all `0's will be transmitted. The SENDB bit is automatically reset by hardware after the corresponding Stop bit is sent. This allows the user to preload the transmit FIFO with the next transmit byte following the Break character (typically, the Sync character in the LIN specification). The TRMT bit of the TX1STA register indicates when the transmit operation is active or idle, just as it does during normal transmission. See Figure 31-9 for the timing of the Break character sequence. DS40001799C-page 356 31.3.4.1 Break and Sync Transmit Sequence The following sequence will start a message frame header made up of a Break, followed by an auto-baud Sync byte. This sequence is typical of a LIN bus master. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Configure the EUSART1 for the desired mode. Set the TXEN and SENDB bits to enable the Break sequence. Load the TX1REG with a dummy character to initiate transmission (the value is ignored). Write `55h' to TX1REG to load the Sync character into the transmit FIFO buffer. After the Break has been sent, the SENDB bit is reset by hardware and the Sync character is then transmitted. When the TX1REG becomes empty, as indicated by the TXIF, the next data byte can be written to TX1REG. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.3.5 RECEIVING A BREAK CHARACTER The EUSART1 module can receive a Break character in two ways. The first method to detect a Break character uses the FERR bit of the RC1STA register and the received data as indicated by RC1REG. The Baud Rate Generator is assumed to have been initialized to the expected baud rate. A Break character has been received when; * RCIF bit is set * FERR bit is set * RC1REG = 00h The second method uses the Auto-Wake-up feature described in Section 31.3.3 "Auto-Wake-up on Break". By enabling this feature, the EUSART1 will sample the next two transitions on RX/DT, cause an RCIF interrupt, and receive the next data byte followed by another interrupt. Note that following a Break character, the user will typically want to enable the Auto-Baud Detect feature. For both methods, the user can set the ABDEN bit of the BAUD1CON register before placing the EUSART1 in Sleep mode. FIGURE 31-9: Write to TX1REG SEND BREAK CHARACTER SEQUENCE Dummy Write SPR1BRG Output (Shift Clock) TX (pin) Start bit bit 0 bit 1 bit 11 Stop bit Break TXIF bit (Transmit Interrupt Flag) TRMT bit (Transmit Shift Empty Flag) SENDB (send Break control bit) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. SENDB Sampled Here Auto Cleared DS40001799C-page 357 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.4 EUSART1 Synchronous Mode Synchronous serial communications are typically used in systems with a single master and one or more slaves. The master device contains the necessary circuitry for baud rate generation and supplies the clock for all devices in the system. Slave devices can take advantage of the master clock by eliminating the internal clock generation circuitry. There are two signal lines in Synchronous mode: a bidirectional data line and a clock line. Slaves use the external clock supplied by the master to shift the serial data into and out of their respective receive and transmit shift registers. Since the data line is bidirectional, synchronous operation is half-duplex only. Half-duplex refers to the fact that master and slave devices can receive and transmit data but not both simultaneously. The EUSART1 can operate as either a master or slave device. Start and Stop bits are not used in synchronous transmissions. 31.4.1 SYNCHRONOUS MASTER MODE The following bits are used to configure the EUSART1 for synchronous master operation: * * * * * SYNC = 1 CSRC = 1 SREN = 0 (for transmit); SREN = 1 (for receive) CREN = 0 (for transmit); CREN = 1 (for receive) SPEN = 1 Setting the SYNC bit of the TX1STA register configures the device for synchronous operation. Setting the CSRC bit of the TX1STA register configures the device as a master. Clearing the SREN and CREN bits of the RC1STA register ensures that the device is in the Transmit mode, otherwise the device will be configured to receive. Setting the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register enables the EUSART1. 31.4.1.1 Master Clock Synchronous data transfers use a separate clock line, which is synchronous with the data. A device configured as a master transmits the clock on the TX/CK line. The TX/CK pin output driver is automatically enabled when the EUSART1 is configured for synchronous transmit or receive operation. Serial data bits change on the leading edge to ensure they are valid at the trailing edge of each clock. One clock cycle is generated for each data bit. Only as many clock cycles are generated as there are data bits. DS40001799C-page 358 31.4.1.2 Clock Polarity A clock polarity option is provided for Microwire compatibility. Clock polarity is selected with the SCKP bit of the BAUD1CON register. Setting the SCKP bit sets the clock Idle state as high. When the SCKP bit is set, the data changes on the falling edge of each clock. Clearing the SCKP bit sets the Idle state as low. When the SCKP bit is cleared, the data changes on the rising edge of each clock. 31.4.1.3 Synchronous Master Transmission Data is transferred out of the device on the RX/DT pin. The RX/DT and TX/CK pin output drivers are automatically enabled when the EUSART1 is configured for synchronous master transmit operation. A transmission is initiated by writing a character to the TX1REG register. If the TSR still contains all or part of a previous character the new character data is held in the TX1REG until the last bit of the previous character has been transmitted. If this is the first character, or the previous character has been completely flushed from the TSR, the data in the TX1REG is immediately transferred to the TSR. The transmission of the character commences immediately following the transfer of the data to the TSR from the TX1REG. Each data bit changes on the leading edge of the master clock and remains valid until the subsequent leading clock edge. Note: The TSR register is not mapped in data memory, so it is not available to the user. 31.4.1.4 Synchronous Master Transmission Set-up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair and the BRGH and BRG16 bits to achieve the desired baud rate (see Section 31.3 "EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG)"). Enable the synchronous master serial port by setting bits SYNC, SPEN and CSRC. Disable Receive mode by clearing bits SREN and CREN. Enable Transmit mode by setting the TXEN bit. If 9-bit transmission is desired, set the TX9 bit. If interrupts are desired, set the TXIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. If 9-bit transmission is selected, the ninth bit should be loaded in the TX9D bit. Start transmission by loading data to the TX1REG register. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 31-10: SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION RX/DT pin bit 0 bit 1 Word 1 bit 2 bit 7 bit 0 bit 1 Word 2 bit 7 TX/CK pin (SCKP = 0) TX/CK pin (SCKP = 1) Write to TX1REG Reg Write Word 1 Write Word 2 TXIF bit (Interrupt Flag) TRMT bit TXEN bit Note: `1 ' `1 ' Sync Master mode, SP1BRGL = 0, continuous transmission of two 8-bit words. FIGURE 31-11: SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION (THROUGH TXEN) RX/DT pin bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 6 bit 7 TX/CK pin Write to TX1REG reg TXIF bit TRMT bit TXEN bit 31.4.1.5 Synchronous Master Reception Data is received at the RX/DT pin. The RX/DT pin output driver is automatically disabled when the EUSART1 is configured for synchronous master receive operation. In Synchronous mode, reception is enabled by setting either the Single Receive Enable bit (SREN of the RC1STA register) or the Continuous Receive Enable bit (CREN of the RC1STA register). When SREN is set and CREN is clear, only as many clock cycles are generated as there are data bits in a single character. The SREN bit is automatically cleared at the completion of one character. When CREN is set, clocks are continuously generated until CREN is cleared. If CREN is cleared in the middle of a character the CK clock stops immediately and the partial character is discarded. If SREN and CREN are both set, then SREN is cleared at the completion of the first character and CREN takes precedence. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. To initiate reception, set either SREN or CREN. Data is sampled at the RX/DT pin on the trailing edge of the TX/CK clock pin and is shifted into the Receive Shift Register (RSR). When a complete character is received into the RSR, the RCIF bit is set and the character is automatically transferred to the two character receive FIFO. The Least Significant eight bits of the top character in the receive FIFO are available in RC1REG. The RCIF bit remains set as long as there are unread characters in the receive FIFO. Note: If the RX/DT function is on an analog pin, the corresponding ANSEL bit must be cleared for the receiver to function. DS40001799C-page 359 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.4.1.6 Slave Clock character received. The RX9D bit of the RC1STA register is the ninth, and Most Significant, data bit of the top unread character in the receive FIFO. When reading 9-bit data from the receive FIFO buffer, the RX9D data bit must be read before reading the eight Least Significant bits from the RC1REG. Synchronous data transfers use a separate clock line, which is synchronous with the data. A device configured as a slave receives the clock on the TX/CK line. The TX/CK pin output driver is automatically disabled when the device is configured for synchronous slave transmit or receive operation. Serial data bits change on the leading edge to ensure they are valid at the trailing edge of each clock. One data bit is transferred for each clock cycle. Only as many clock cycles should be received as there are data bits. Note: 31.4.1.7 31.4.1.9 1. Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair for the appropriate baud rate. Set or clear the BRGH and BRG16 bits, as required, to achieve the desired baud rate. 2. Clear the ANSEL bit for the RX pin (if applicable). 3. Enable the synchronous master serial port by setting bits SYNC, SPEN and CSRC. 4. Ensure bits CREN and SREN are clear. 5. If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. 6. If 9-bit reception is desired, set bit RX9. 7. Start reception by setting the SREN bit or for continuous reception, set the CREN bit. 8. Interrupt flag bit RCIF will be set when reception of a character is complete. An interrupt will be generated if the enable bit RCIE was set. 9. Read the RC1STA register to get the ninth bit (if enabled) and determine if any error occurred during reception. 10. Read the 8-bit received data by reading the RC1REG register. 11. If an overrun error occurs, clear the error by either clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register or by clearing the SPEN bit which resets the EUSART1. If the device is configured as a slave and the TX/CK function is on an analog pin, the corresponding ANSEL bit must be cleared. Receive Overrun Error The receive FIFO buffer can hold two characters. An overrun error will be generated if a third character, in its entirety, is received before RC1REG is read to access the FIFO. When this happens the OERR bit of the RC1STA register is set. Previous data in the FIFO will not be overwritten. The two characters in the FIFO buffer can be read, however, no additional characters will be received until the error is cleared. The OERR bit can only be cleared by clearing the Overrun condition. If the overrun error occurred when the SREN bit is set and CREN is clear then the error is cleared by reading RC1REG. If the overrun occurred when the CREN bit is set then the Error condition is cleared by either clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register or by clearing the SPEN bit which resets the EUSART1. 31.4.1.8 Receiving 9-bit Characters The EUSART1 supports 9-bit character reception. When the RX9 bit of the RC1STA register is set the EUSART1 will shift nine bits into the RSR for each FIGURE 31-12: RX/DT pin Synchronous Master Reception Set-up SYNCHRONOUS RECEPTION (MASTER MODE, SREN) bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7 TX/CK pin (SCKP = 0) TX/CK pin (SCKP = 1) Write to bit SREN SREN bit CREN bit `0' `0' RCIF bit (Interrupt) Read RC1REG Note: Timing diagram demonstrates Sync Master mode with bit SREN = 1 and bit BRGH = 0. DS40001799C-page 360 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.4.2 SYNCHRONOUS SLAVE MODE The following bits are used to configure the EUSART1 for synchronous slave operation: * * * * * SYNC = 1 CSRC = 0 SREN = 0 (for transmit); SREN = 1 (for receive) CREN = 0 (for transmit); CREN = 1 (for receive) SPEN = 1 Setting the SYNC bit of the TX1STA register configures the device for synchronous operation. Clearing the CSRC bit of the TX1STA register configures the device as a slave. Clearing the SREN and CREN bits of the RC1STA register ensures that the device is in the Transmit mode, otherwise the device will be configured to receive. Setting the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register enables the EUSART1. 31.4.2.1 EUSART1 Synchronous Slave Transmit 31.4.2.3 The operation of the Synchronous Master and Slave modes is identical (Section 31.4.1.5 "Synchronous Master Reception"), with the following exceptions: * Sleep * CREN bit is always set, therefore the receiver is never idle * SREN bit, which is a "don't care" in Slave mode A character may be received while in Sleep mode by setting the CREN bit prior to entering Sleep. Once the word is received, the RSR register will transfer the data to the RC1REG register. If the RCIE enable bit is set, the interrupt generated will wake the device from Sleep and execute the next instruction. If the GIE bit is also set, the program will branch to the interrupt vector. 31.4.2.4 The operation of the Synchronous Master and Slave modes are identical (see Section 31.4.1.3 "Synchronous Master Transmission"), except in the case of the Sleep mode. 1. If two words are written to the TX1REG and then the SLEEP instruction is executed, the following will occur: 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The first character will immediately transfer to the TSR register and transmit. The second word will remain in the TX1REG register. The TXIF bit will not be set. After the first character has been shifted out of TSR, the TX1REG register will transfer the second character to the TSR and the TXIF bit will now be set. If the PEIE and TXIE bits are set, the interrupt will wake the device from Sleep and execute the next instruction. If the GIE bit is also set, the program will call the Interrupt Service Routine. 31.4.2.2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Synchronous Slave Transmission Set-up EUSART1 Synchronous Slave Reception 2. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Synchronous Slave Reception Set-up Set the SYNC and SPEN bits and clear the CSRC bit. Clear the ANSEL bit for both the CK and DT pins (if applicable). If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. If 9-bit reception is desired, set the RX9 bit. Set the CREN bit to enable reception. The RCIF bit will be set when reception is complete. An interrupt will be generated if the RCIE bit was set. If 9-bit mode is enabled, retrieve the Most Significant bit from the RX9D bit of the RC1STA register. Retrieve the eight Least Significant bits from the receive FIFO by reading the RC1REG register. If an overrun error occurs, clear the error by either clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register or by clearing the SPEN bit which resets the EUSART1. Set the SYNC and SPEN bits and clear the CSRC bit. Clear the ANSEL bit for the CK pin (if applicable). Clear the CREN and SREN bits. If interrupts are desired, set the TXIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. If 9-bit transmission is desired, set the TX9 bit. Enable transmission by setting the TXEN bit. If 9-bit transmission is selected, insert the Most Significant bit into the TX9D bit. Start transmission by writing the Least Significant eight bits to the TX1REG register. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 361 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.5 EUSART1 Operation During Sleep The EUSART1 will remain active during Sleep only in the Synchronous Slave mode. All other modes require the system clock and therefore cannot generate the necessary signals to run the Transmit or Receive Shift registers during Sleep. Synchronous Slave mode uses an externally generated clock to run the Transmit and Receive Shift registers. 31.5.1 SYNCHRONOUS RECEIVE DURING SLEEP To receive during Sleep, all the following conditions must be met before entering Sleep mode: * RC1STA and TX1STA Control registers must be configured for Synchronous Slave Reception (see Section 31.4.2.4 "Synchronous Slave Reception Set-up"). * If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. * The RCIF interrupt flag must be cleared by reading RC1REG to unload any pending characters in the receive buffer. Upon entering Sleep mode, the device will be ready to accept data and clocks on the RX/DT and TX/CK pins, respectively. When the data word has been completely clocked in by the external device, the RCIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register will be set. Thereby, waking the processor from Sleep. 31.5.2 SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMIT DURING SLEEP To transmit during Sleep, all the following conditions must be met before entering Sleep mode: * The RC1STA and TX1STA Control registers must be configured for synchronous slave transmission (see Section 31.4.2.2 "Synchronous Slave Transmission Set-up"). * The TXIF interrupt flag must be cleared by writing the output data to the TX1REG, thereby filling the TSR and transmit buffer. * If interrupts are desired, set the TXIE bit of the PIE1 register and the PEIE bit of the INTCON register. * Interrupt enable bits TXIE of the PIE1 register and PEIE of the INTCON register must set. Upon entering Sleep mode, the device will be ready to accept clocks on TX/CK pin and transmit data on the RX/DT pin. When the data word in the TSR has been completely clocked out by the external device, the pending byte in the TX1REG will transfer to the TSR and the TXIF flag will be set. Thereby, waking the processor from Sleep. At this point, the TX1REG is available to accept another character for transmission, which will clear the TXIF flag. Upon waking from Sleep, the instruction following the SLEEP instruction will be executed. If the Global Interrupt Enable (GIE) bit is also set then the Interrupt Service Routine at address 0004h will be called. Upon waking from Sleep, the instruction following the SLEEP instruction will be executed. If the Global Interrupt Enable (GIE) bit of the INTCON register is also set, then the Interrupt Service Routine at address 004h will be called. DS40001799C-page 362 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 31.6 Register Definitions: EUSART1 Control REGISTER 31-1: R/W-0/0 TX1STA: TRANSMIT STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 CSRC TX9 R/W-0/0 TXEN (1) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R-1/1 R/W-0/0 SYNC SENDB BRGH TRMT TX9D bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 CSRC: Clock Source Select bit Asynchronous mode: Unused in this mode - value ignored Synchronous mode: 1 = Master mode (clock generated internally from BRG) 0 = Slave mode (clock from external source) bit 6 TX9: 9-bit Transmit Enable bit 1 = Selects 9-bit transmission 0 = Selects 8-bit transmission bit 5 TXEN: Transmit Enable bit(1) 1 = Transmit enabled 0 = Transmit disabled bit 4 SYNC: EUSART1 Mode Select bit 1 = Synchronous mode 0 = Asynchronous mode bit 3 SENDB: Send Break Character bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Send SYNCH BREAK on next transmission - Start bit, followed by 12 `0' bits, followed by Stop bit; cleared by hardware upon completion 0 = SYNCH BREAK transmission disabled or completed Synchronous mode: Unused in this mode - value ignored bit 2 BRGH: High Baud Rate Select bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = High speed 0 = Low speed Synchronous mode: Unused in this mode - value ignored bit 1 TRMT: Transmit Shift Register Status bit 1 = TSR empty 0 = TSR full bit 0 TX9D: Ninth bit of Transmit Data Can be address/data bit or a parity bit. Note 1: SREN/CREN overrides TXEN in Sync mode. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 363 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 31-2: R/W-0/0 (1) SPEN RC1STA: RECEIVE STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R-0/0 R-0/0 R-x/x RX9 SREN CREN ADDEN FERR OERR RX9D bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 SPEN: Serial Port Enable bit(1) 1 = Serial port enabled 0 = Serial port disabled (held in Reset) bit 6 RX9: 9-bit Receive Enable bit 1 = Selects 9-bit reception 0 = Selects 8-bit reception bit 5 SREN: Single Receive Enable bit Asynchronous mode: Unused in this mode - value ignored Synchronous mode - Master: 1 = Enables single receive 0 = Disables single receive This bit is cleared after reception is complete. Synchronous mode - Slave Unused in this mode - value ignored bit 4 CREN: Continuous Receive Enable bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Enables continuous receive until enable bit CREN is cleared 0 = Disables continuous receive Synchronous mode: 1 = Enables continuous receive until enable bit CREN is cleared (CREN overrides SREN) 0 = Disables continuous receive bit 3 ADDEN: Address Detect Enable bit Asynchronous mode 9-bit (RX9 = 1): 1 = Enables address detection - enable interrupt and load of the receive buffer when the ninth bit in the receive buffer is set 0 = Disables address detection, all bytes are received and ninth bit can be used as parity bit Asynchronous mode 8-bit (RX9 = 0): Unused in this mode - value ignored bit 2 FERR: Framing Error bit 1 = Framing error (can be updated by reading RC1REG register and receive next valid byte) 0 = No framing error bit 1 OERR: Overrun Error bit 1 = Overrun error (can be cleared by clearing bit CREN) 0 = No overrun error bit 0 RX9D: Ninth bit of Received Data This can be address/data bit or a parity bit and must be calculated by user firmware. Note 1: The EUSART1 module automatically changes the pin from tri-state to drive as needed. Configure the associated TRIS bits for TX/CK and RX/DT to 1. DS40001799C-page 364 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 31-3: BAUD1CON: BAUD RATE CONTROL REGISTER R-0/0 R-1/1 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ABDOVF RCIDL -- SCKP BRG16 -- WUE ABDEN bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 ABDOVF: Auto-Baud Detect Overflow bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Auto-baud timer overflowed 0 = Auto-baud timer did not overflow Synchronous mode: Don't care bit 6 RCIDL: Receive Idle Flag bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Receiver is idle 0 = Start bit has been received and the receiver is receiving Synchronous mode: Don't care bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 4 SCKP: Clock/Transmit Polarity Select bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Idle state for transmit (TX) is a low level 0 = Idle state for transmit (TX) is a high level Synchronous mode: 1 = Idle state for clock (CK) is a high level 0 = Idle state for clock (CK) is a low level bit 3 BRG16: 16-bit Baud Rate Generator bit 1 = 16-bit Baud Rate Generator is used 0 = 8-bit Baud Rate Generator is used bit 2 Unimplemented: Read as `0' bit 1 WUE: Wake-up Enable bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = EUSART will continue to sample the Rx pin - interrupt generated on falling edge; bit cleared in hardware on following rising edge. 0 = RX pin not monitored nor rising edge detected Synchronous mode: Unused in this mode - value ignored bit 0 ABDEN: Auto-Baud Detect Enable bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Enable baud rate measurement on the next character - requires reception of a SYNCH field (55h);cleared in hardware upon completion 0 = Baud rate measurement disabled or completed Synchronous mode: Unused in this mode - value ignored 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 365 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 RC1REG(1): RECEIVE DATA REGISTER REGISTER 31-4: R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 RC1REG<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: RC1REG<7:0>: Lower eight bits of the received data; read-only; see also RX9D (Register 31-2) RC1REG (including the ninth bit) is double buffered, and data is available while new data is being received. TX1REG(1): TRANSMIT DATA REGISTER REGISTER 31-5: R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 TX1REG<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: TX1REG<7:0>: Lower eight bits of the transmit data; read-only; see also TX9D (Register 31-1) TX1REG (including the ninth bit) is double buffered, and can be written when previous data has started shifting. SP1BRGL(1): BAUD RATE GENERATOR REGISTER REGISTER 31-6: R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 SP1BRG<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: SP1BRG<7:0>: Lower eight bits of the Baud Rate Generator Writing to SP1BRG resets the BRG counter. DS40001799C-page 366 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 SP1BRGH(1, 2): BAUD RATE GENERATOR HIGH REGISTER REGISTER 31-7: R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 SP1BRG<15:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 SP1BRG<15:8>: Upper eight bits of the Baud Rate Generator Note 1: 2: SP1BRGH value is ignored for all modes unless BAUD1CON<BRG16> is active. Writing to SP1BRGH resets the BRG counter. TABLE 31-2: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH EUSART1 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA TRISA5 TRISA4 (2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 ANSELA ANSA5 ANSA4 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 132 TRISC(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 138 ANSELC(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 139 Name GIE PEIE INTEDG 89 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 96 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 91 RC1STA SPEN RX9 SREN CREN ADDEN FERR OERR RX9D 364 TX1STA CSRC TX9 TXEN SYNC SENDB BRGH TRMT TX9D 363 RCIDL SCKP BRG16 WUE ABDEN 365 INTCON BAUD1CON ABDOVF RC1REG RC1REG<7:0> 366 TX1REG TX1REG<7:0> 366 SP1BRGL SP1BRG<7:0> 366 SP1BRGH SP1BRG<15:8> 367 RXPPS CLCxSELy MDSRC RXPPS<4:0> 144 LCxDyS<4:0> 210 MDMS<3:0> 253 Legend: -- = unimplemented location, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used for the EUSART1 module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as `1'. TABLE 31-3: BAUD RATE FORMULAS Configuration Bits SYNC BRG16 BRGH 0 0 0 BRG/EUSART1 Mode Baud Rate Formula 8-bit/Asynchronous FOSC/[64 (n+1)] Legend: x = Don't care, n = value of SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 367 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 31-3: BAUD RATE FORMULAS Configuration Bits Baud Rate Formula BRG/EUSART1 Mode SYNC BRG16 BRGH 0 0 1 8-bit/Asynchronous 0 1 0 16-bit/Asynchronous 0 1 1 16-bit/Asynchronous 1 0 x 8-bit/Synchronous 1 1 x 16-bit/Synchronous FOSC/[16 (n+1)] FOSC/[4 (n+1)] Legend: x = Don't care, n = value of SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair. TABLE 31-4: BAUD RATE FOR ASYNCHRONOUS MODES SYNC = 0, BRGH = 0, BRG16 = 0 BAUD RATE FOSC = 32.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 20.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 18.432 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 11.0592 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1200 -- -- -- 1221 1.73 255 1200 0.00 239 1200 0.00 143 2400 2404 0.16 207 2404 0.16 129 2400 0.00 119 2400 0.00 71 9600 9615 0.16 51 9470 -1.36 32 9600 0.00 29 9600 0.00 17 10417 10417 0.00 47 10417 0.00 29 10286 -1.26 27 10165 -2.42 16 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 25 19.53k 1.73 15 19.20k 0.00 14 19.20k 0.00 8 57.6k 55.55k -3.55 3 -- -- -- 57.60k 0.00 7 57.60k 0.00 2 115.2k -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- SYNC = 0, BRGH = 0, BRG16 = 0 BAUD RATE FOSC = 8.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 4.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 3.6864 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 1.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 -- -- -- 300 0.16 207 300 0.00 191 300 0.16 51 1200 1202 0.16 103 1202 0.16 51 1200 0.00 47 1202 0.16 12 2400 2404 0.16 51 2404 0.16 25 2400 0.00 23 -- -- -- 9600 9615 0.16 12 -- -- -- 9600 0.00 5 -- -- -- 10417 10417 0.00 11 10417 0.00 5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 19.2k -- -- -- -- -- -- 19.20k 0.00 2 -- -- -- 57.6k -- -- -- -- -- -- 57.60k 0.00 0 -- -- -- 115.2k -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- DS40001799C-page 368 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 31-4: BAUD RATE FOR ASYNCHRONOUS MODES (CONTINUED) SYNC = 0, BRGH = 1, BRG16 = 0 BAUD RATE FOSC = 32.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 20.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 18.432 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 11.0592 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1200 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2400 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 9600 9615 0.16 207 9615 0.16 129 9600 0.00 119 9600 0.00 71 10417 10417 0.00 191 10417 0.00 119 10378 -0.37 110 10473 0.53 65 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 103 19.23k 0.16 64 19.20k 0.00 59 19.20k 0.00 35 57.6k 57.14k -0.79 34 56.82k -1.36 21 57.60k 0.00 19 57.60k 0.00 11 115.2k 117.64k 2.12 16 113.64k -1.36 10 115.2k 0.00 9 115.2k 0.00 5 SYNC = 0, BRGH = 1, BRG16 = 0 BAUD RATE FOSC = 8.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 4.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 3.6864 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 1.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 207 300 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 300 0.16 1200 -- -- -- 1202 0.16 207 1200 0.00 191 1202 0.16 51 2400 2404 0.16 207 2404 0.16 103 2400 0.00 95 2404 0.16 25 9600 9615 0.16 51 9615 0.16 25 9600 0.00 23 -- -- -- 10417 10417 0.00 47 10417 0.00 23 10473 0.53 21 10417 0.00 5 19.2k 19231 0.16 25 19.23k 0.16 12 19.2k 0.00 11 -- -- -- 57.6k 55556 -3.55 8 -- -- -- 57.60k 0.00 3 -- -- -- 115.2k -- -- -- -- -- -- 115.2k 0.00 1 -- -- -- SYNC = 0, BRGH = 0, BRG16 = 1 BAUD RATE FOSC = 32.000 MHz FOSC = 20.000 MHz FOSC = 18.432 MHz FOSC = 11.0592 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 1200 300.0 1200 0.00 -0.02 6666 3332 300.0 1200 -0.01 -0.03 4166 1041 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 3839 959 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 2303 575 2400 2401 -0.04 832 2399 -0.03 520 2400 0.00 479 2400 0.00 287 Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 9600 9615 0.16 207 9615 0.16 129 9600 0.00 119 9600 0.00 71 10417 10417 0.00 191 10417 0.00 119 10378 -0.37 110 10473 0.53 65 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 103 19.23k 0.16 64 19.20k 0.00 59 19.20k 0.00 35 57.6k 57.14k -0.79 34 56.818 -1.36 21 57.60k 0.00 19 57.60k 0.00 11 115.2k 117.6k 2.12 16 113.636 -1.36 10 115.2k 0.00 9 115.2k 0.00 5 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 369 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 31-4: BAUD RATE FOR ASYNCHRONOUS MODES (CONTINUED) SYNC = 0, BRGH = 0, BRG16 = 1 BAUD RATE FOSC = 8.000 MHz Actual Rate FOSC = 4.000 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate FOSC = 3.6864 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate FOSC = 1.000 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 207 300 299.9 -0.02 1666 300.1 0.04 832 300.0 0.00 767 300.5 0.16 1200 1199 -0.08 416 1202 0.16 207 1200 0.00 191 1202 0.16 51 2400 2404 0.16 207 2404 0.16 103 2400 0.00 95 2404 0.16 25 9600 9615 0.16 51 9615 0.16 25 9600 0.00 23 -- -- -- 10417 10417 0.00 47 10417 0.00 23 10473 0.53 21 10417 0.00 5 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 25 19.23k 0.16 12 19.20k 0.00 11 -- -- -- 57.6k 55556 -3.55 8 -- -- -- 57.60k 0.00 3 -- -- -- 115.2k -- -- -- -- -- -- 115.2k 0.00 1 -- -- -- SYNC = 0, BRGH = 1, BRG16 = 1 or SYNC = 1, BRG16 = 1 BAUD RATE FOSC = 32.000 MHz FOSC = 20.000 MHz FOSC = 18.432 MHz FOSC = 11.0592 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 1200 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 26666 6666 300.0 1200 0.00 -0.01 16665 4166 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 15359 3839 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 9215 2303 2400 2400 0.01 3332 2400 0.02 2082 2400 0.00 1919 2400 0.00 1151 Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 9600 9604 0.04 832 9597 -0.03 520 9600 0.00 479 9600 0.00 287 10417 10417 0.00 767 10417 0.00 479 10425 0.08 441 10433 0.16 264 19.2k 19.18k -0.08 416 19.23k 0.16 259 19.20k 0.00 239 19.20k 0.00 143 57.6k 57.55k -0.08 138 57.47k -0.22 86 57.60k 0.00 79 57.60k 0.00 47 115.2k 115.9k 0.64 68 116.3k 0.94 42 115.2k 0.00 39 115.2k 0.00 23 SYNC = 0, BRGH = 1, BRG16 = 1 or SYNC = 1, BRG16 = 1 BAUD RATE FOSC = 8.000 MHz Actual Rate FOSC = 4.000 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate FOSC = 3.6864 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate FOSC = 1.000 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 300.0 0.00 6666 300.0 0.01 3332 300.0 0.00 3071 300.1 0.04 832 1200 1200 -0.02 1666 1200 0.04 832 1200 0.00 767 1202 0.16 207 2400 2401 0.04 832 2398 0.08 416 2400 0.00 383 2404 0.16 103 9600 9615 0.16 207 9615 0.16 103 9600 0.00 95 9615 0.16 25 10417 10417 0 191 10417 0.00 95 10473 0.53 87 10417 0.00 23 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 103 19.23k 0.16 51 19.20k 0.00 47 19.23k 0.16 12 57.6k 57.14k -0.79 34 58.82k 2.12 16 57.60k 0.00 15 -- -- -- 115.2k 117.6k 2.12 16 111.1k -3.55 8 115.2k 0.00 7 -- -- -- DS40001799C-page 370 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 32.0 REFERENCE CLOCK OUTPUT MODULE The Reference Clock Output module provides the ability to send a clock signal to the clock reference output pin (CLKR). The Reference Clock Output can also be used as a signal for other peripherals, such as the Data Signal Modulator (DSM). The Reference Clock Output module has the following features: * System clock is the module source clock * Programmable clock divider * Selectable duty cycle 32.1 Selectable Duty Cycle The CLKRDC<1:0> bits of the CLKRCON register can be used to modify the duty cycle of the output clock. A duty cycle of 25%, 50%, or 75% can be selected for all clock rates, with the exception of the undivided base FOSC value. The duty cycle can be changed while the module is enabled; however, in order to prevent glitches on the output, the CLKRDC<1:0> bits should only be changed when the module is disabled (CLKREN = 0). Note: The CLKRDC1 bit is reset to `1'. This makes the default duty cycle 50%. Clock Source The Reference Clock Output module uses the system clock (FOSC) as the clock source. Any device clock switching will be reflected in the clock output. 32.1.1 32.3 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION Once the reference clock enable (CLKREN) is set, the module is ensured to be glitch-free at start-up. 32.4 Operation in Sleep Mode The Reference Clock Output module clock is based on the system clock. When the device goes to Sleep, the module outputs will remain in their current state. This will have a direct effect on peripherals using the Reference Clock Output as an input signal. When the Reference Clock Output is disabled, the output signal will be disabled immediately. Clock dividers and clock duty cycles can be changed while the module is enabled, but glitches may occur on the output. To avoid possible glitches, clock dividers and clock duty cycles should be changed only when the CLKREN is clear. 32.2 Programmable Clock Divider The module takes the system clock input and divides it based on the value of the CLKRDIV<2:0> bits of the CLKRCON register (Register 32-1). The following configurations can be made based on the CLKRDIV<2:0> bits: * * * * * * * * Base FOSC value FOSC divided by 2 FOSC divided by 4 FOSC divided by 8 FOSC divided by 16 FOSC divided by 32 FOSC divided by 64 FOSC divided by 128 The clock divider values can be changed while the module is enabled; however, in order to prevent glitches on the output, the CLKRDIV<2:0> bits should only be changed when the module is disabled (CLKREN = 0). 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 371 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 32-1: CLOCK REFERENCE BLOCK DIAGRAM CLKRDIV<2:0> FOSC CLKREN D FREEZE ENABLED (1) ICD FREEZE MODE (1) 000 Q FOSC/2 001 FOSC/4 010 FOSC/8 011 FOSC/16 100 FOSC/32 101 FOSC/64 110 FOSC/128 111 EN Clock Counter CLKREN CLKRDC<1:0> CLKR Duty Cycle To Peripherals Counter Reset Note 1: Freeze is used in Debug Mode only; otherwise read as `0' FIGURE 32-2: CLOCK REFERENCE TIMING P2 P1 FOSC CLKREN CLKR Output CLKRDIV[2:0] = 001 CLKRDC[1:0] = 10 CLKR Output Duty Cycle (50%) FOSC / 2 CLKRDIV[2:0] = 001 CLKRDC[1:0] = 01 Duty Cycle (25%) DS40001799C-page 372 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 REGISTER 32-1: CLKRCON: REFERENCE CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 CLKREN -- -- R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CLKRDC<1:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CLKRDIV<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets `1' = Bit is set `0' = Bit is cleared bit 7 CLKREN: Reference Clock Module Enable bit 1 = Reference clock module enabled 0 = Reference clock module is disabled bit 6-5 Unimplemented: Read as `0'. bit 4-3 CLKRDC<1:0>: Reference Clock Duty Cycle bits (1) 11 = Clock outputs duty cycle of 75% 10 = Clock outputs duty cycle of 50% 01 = Clock outputs duty cycle of 25% 00 = Clock outputs duty cycle of 0% bit 2-0 CLKRDIV<2:0>: Reference Clock Divider bits 111 = FOSC divided by 128 110 = FOSC divided by 64 101 = FOSC divided by 32 100 = FOSC divided by 16 011 = FOSC divided by 8 010 = FOSC divided by 4 001 = FOSC divided by 2 000 = FOSC Note 1: Bits are valid for Reference Clock divider values of two or larger, the base clock cannot be further divided. TABLE 32-1: Name TRISA TRISC(1) SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLOCK REFERENCE OUTPUT Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 131 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 TRISA5 TRISA4 (2) Bit 2 Bit 1 TRISC5 CLKRCON CLKREN CLCxSELy MDCARH MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC MDCH<3:0> 254 MDCARL MDCLPOL MDCLSYNC MDCL<3:0> 255 CLKRDC<1:0> CLKRDIV<2:0> LCxDyS<4:0> 138 208 210 Legend: -- = unimplemented, read as `0'. Shaded cells are not used by the CLKR module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18323 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as `1'. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 373 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 33.0 IN-CIRCUIT SERIAL PROGRAMMINGTM (ICSPTM) ICSPTM programming allows customers to manufacture circuit boards with unprogrammed devices. Programming can be done after the assembly process, allowing the device to be programmed with the most recent firmware or a custom firmware. Five pins are needed for ICSPTM programming: * ICSPCLK * ICSPDAT * MCLR/VPP * VDD * VSS In Program/Verify mode the program memory, data EEPROM, user IDs and the Configuration Words are programmed through serial communications. The ICSPDAT pin is a bidirectional I/O used for transferring the serial data and the ICSPCLK pin is the clock input. For more information on ICSPTM refer to the "PIC16(L)F183XX Memory Programming Specification" (DS40001738). 33.1 High-Voltage Programming Entry Mode The device is placed into High-Voltage Programming Entry mode by holding the ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT pins low then raising the voltage on MCLR/VPP to VIHH. 33.2 Low-Voltage Programming Entry Mode The Low-Voltage Programming Entry mode allows the PIC(R) Flash MCUs to be programmed using VDD only, without high voltage. When the LVP bit of Configuration Words is set to `1', the low-voltage ICSP programming entry is enabled. To disable the Low-Voltage ICSP mode, the LVP bit must be programmed to `0'. The LVP bit can only be reprogrammed to `0' by using the High-Voltage Programming mode. Entry into the Low-Voltage Programming Entry mode requires the following steps: 1. 2. 33.3 Common Programming Interfaces Connection to a target device is typically done through an ICSPTM header. A commonly found connector on development tools is the RJ-11 in the 6P6C (6-pin, 6-connector) configuration. See Figure 33-1. FIGURE 33-1: VDD ICD RJ-11 STYLE CONNECTOR INTERFACE ICSPDAT NC 2 4 6 ICSPCLK 1 3 5 Target VPP/MCLR VSS PC Board Bottom Side Pin Description* 1 = VPP/MCLR 2 = VDD Target 3 = VSS (ground) 4 = ICSPDAT 5 = ICSPCLK 6 = No Connect Another connector often found in use with the PICkitTM programmers is a standard 6-pin header with 0.1 inch spacing. Refer to Figure 33-2. For additional interface recommendations, refer to your specific device programmer manual prior to PCB design. It is recommended that isolation devices be used to separate the programming pins from other circuitry. The type of isolation is highly dependent on the specific application and may include devices such as resistors, diodes, or even jumpers. See Figure 33-3 for more information. MCLR is brought to VIL. A 32-bit key sequence is presented on ICSPDAT, while clocking ICSPCLK. Once the key sequence is complete, MCLR must be held at VIL for as long as Program/Verify mode is to be maintained. If low-voltage programming is enabled (LVP = 1), the MCLR Reset function is automatically enabled and cannot be disabled. See Section 6.4 "MCLR" for more information. DS40001799C-page 374 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 33-2: PICkitTM PROGRAMMER STYLE CONNECTOR INTERFACE Pin 1 Indicator Pin Description* 1 = VPP/MCLR 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 = VDD Target 3 = VSS (ground) 4 = ICSPDAT 5 = ICSPCLK 6 = No Connect * FIGURE 33-3: The 6-pin header (0.100" spacing) accepts 0.025" square pins. TYPICAL CONNECTION FOR ICSPTM PROGRAMMING External Programming Signals Device to be Programmed VDD VDD VDD VPP MCLR/VPP VSS VSS Data ICSPDAT Clock ICSPCLK * * * To Normal Connections * Isolation devices (as required). 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 375 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 34.0 INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY 34.1 Read-Modify-Write Operations The literal and control category contains the most varied instruction word format. Any write instruction that specifies a file register as part of the instruction performs a Read-Modify-Write (R-M-W) operation. The register is read, the data is modified, and the result is stored in either the working (W) register, or the originating file register, depending on the state of the destination designator 'd' (see Table 34-1 for more information). A read operation is performed on a register even if the instruction writes to that register. Table 34-3 lists the instructions recognized by the MPASMTM assembler. TABLE 34-1: Each instruction is a 14-bit word containing the operation code (opcode) and all required operands. The opcodes are broken into three broad categories. * Byte Oriented * Bit Oriented * Literal and Control All instructions are executed within a single instruction cycle, with the following exceptions, which may take two or three cycles: * Subroutine entry takes two cycles (CALL, CALLW) * Returns from interrupts or subroutines take two cycles (RETURN, RETLW, RETFIE) * Program branching takes two cycles (GOTO, BRA, BRW, BTFSS, BTFSC, DECFSZ, INCSFZ) * One additional instruction cycle will be used when any instruction references an indirect file register and the file select register is pointing to program memory. One instruction cycle consists of 4 oscillator cycles; for an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, this gives a nominal instruction execution rate of 1 MHz. All instruction examples use the format `0xhh' to represent a hexadecimal number, where `h' signifies a hexadecimal digit. OPCODE FIELD DESCRIPTIONS Field f Description Register file address (0x00 to 0x7F) W Working register (accumulator) b Bit address within an 8-bit file register k Literal field, constant data or label x Don't care location (= 0 or 1). The assembler will generate code with x = 0. It is the recommended form of use for compatibility with all Microchip software tools. d Destination select; d = 0: store result in W, d = 1: store result in file register f. n FSR or INDF number. (0-1) mm Pre-post increment-decrement mode selection TABLE 34-2: ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTIONS Field PC Program Counter TO Time-Out bit C DC Z PD DS40001799C-page 376 Description Carry bit Digit Carry bit Zero bit Power-Down bit 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 34-1: GENERAL FORMAT FOR INSTRUCTIONS Byte-oriented file register operations 13 8 7 6 OPCODE d f (FILE #) 0 d = 0 for destination W d = 1 for destination f f = 7-bit file register address Bit-oriented file register operations 13 10 9 7 6 OPCODE b (BIT #) f (FILE #) 0 b = 3-bit bit address f = 7-bit file register address Literal and control operations General 13 OPCODE 8 7 0 k (literal) k = 8-bit immediate value CALL and GOTO instructions only 13 11 10 OPCODE 0 k (literal) k = 11-bit immediate value MOVLP instruction only 13 OPCODE 7 6 0 k (literal) k = 7-bit immediate value MOVLB instruction only 13 OPCODE 5 4 0 k (literal) k = 5-bit immediate value BRA instruction only 13 OPCODE 9 8 0 k (literal) k = 9-bit immediate value FSR Offset instructions 13 OPCODE 7 6 n 5 0 k (literal) n = appropriate FSR k = 6-bit immediate value FSR Increment instructions 13 OPCODE 3 2 1 0 n m (mode) n = appropriate FSR m = 2-bit mode value OPCODE only 13 0 OPCODE 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 377 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 34-3: PIC16(L)F18313/18323 INSTRUCTION SET 14-bit Opcode Mnemonic, Operands Description Cycles MSb LSb Status Affected Notes BYTE-ORIENTED FILE REGISTER OPERATIONS ADDWF ADDWFC ANDWF ASRF LSLF LSRF CLRF CLRW COMF DECF INCF IORWF MOVF MOVWF RLF RRF SUBWF SUBWFB SWAPF XORWF f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d f - f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d f f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d Add W and f Add with Carry W and f AND W with f Arithmetic Right Shift Logical Left Shift Logical Right Shift Clear f Clear W Complement f Decrement f Increment f Inclusive OR W with f Move f Move W to f Rotate Left f through Carry Rotate Right f through Carry Subtract W from f Subtract with Borrow W from f Swap nibbles in f Exclusive OR W with f 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 00 11 00 11 11 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 00 00 0111 1101 0101 0111 0101 0110 0001 0001 1001 0011 1010 0100 1000 0000 1101 1100 0010 1011 1110 0110 dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff lfff 0000 dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff 1fff dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff 00xx ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff C, DC, Z C, DC, Z Z C, Z C, Z C, Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z C C C, DC, Z C, DC, Z Z 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 BYTE ORIENTED SKIP OPERATIONS DECFSZ INCFSZ f, d f, d Decrement f, Skip if 0 Increment f, Skip if 0 1(2) 1(2) 00 00 1, 2 1, 2 1011 dfff ffff 1111 dfff ffff BIT-ORIENTED FILE REGISTER OPERATIONS f, b f, b BCF BSF Bit Clear f Bit Set f 1 1 00bb bfff ffff 01bb bfff ffff 2 2 01 01 10bb bfff ffff 11bb bfff ffff 1, 2 1, 2 11 11 11 00 11 11 11 11 1110 1001 1000 0000 0001 0000 1100 1010 kkkk kkkk kkkk 001k 1kkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk 11 00 10 00 10 00 11 00 001k 0000 0kkk 0000 1kkk 0000 0100 0000 kkkk 0000 kkkk 0000 kkkk 0000 kkkk 0000 kkkk 1011 kkkk 1010 kkkk 1001 kkkk 1000 01 01 BIT-ORIENTED SKIP OPERATIONS BTFSC BTFSS f, b f, b Bit Test f, Skip if Clear Bit Test f, Skip if Set 1 (2) 1 (2) LITERAL OPERATIONS ADDLW ANDLW IORLW MOVLB MOVLP MOVLW SUBLW XORLW k k k k k k k k Add literal and W AND literal with W Inclusive OR literal with W Move literal to BSR Move literal to PCLATH Move literal to W Subtract W from literal Exclusive OR literal with W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C, DC, Z Z Z C, DC, Z Z CONTROL OPERATIONS Relative Branch Relative Branch with W Call Subroutine Call Subroutine with W Go to address Return from interrupt Return with literal in W Return from Subroutine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 BRA BRW CALL CALLW GOTO RETFIE RETLW RETURN k - k - k k k - Note 1: If the Program Counter (PC) is modified, or a conditional test is true, the instruction requires two cycles. The second cycle is executed as a NOP. If this instruction addresses an INDF register and the MSb of the corresponding FSR is set, this instruction will require one additional instruction cycle. See Section 34.2 "Instruction Descriptions" for detailed MOVIW and MOVWI instruction descriptions. 2: 3: DS40001799C-page 378 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 34-3: PIC16(L)F18313/18323 INSTRUCTION SET (CONTINUED) 14-bit Opcode Mnemonic, Operands Description Cycles MSb LSb Status Affected Notes INHERENT OPERATIONS 1 1 1 1 1 CLRWDT NOP RESET SLEEP TRIS - - - - f Clear Watchdog Timer No Operation Software device Reset Go into Standby mode Load TRIS register with W ADDFSR MOVIW n, k n mm MOVWI k[n] n mm Add Literal k to FSRn Move Indirect FSRn to W with pre/post inc/dec modifier, mm Move INDFn to W, Indexed Indirect. Move W to Indirect FSRn with pre/post inc/dec modifier, mm Move W to INDFn, Indexed Indirect. 00 00 00 00 00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0000 0000 0110 0110 0100 TO, PD 0000 0001 0011 TO, PD 0fff C-COMPILER OPTIMIZED k[n] Note 1: 2: 3: 1 1 11 00 0001 0nkk kkkk 0000 0001 0nmm Z 2, 3 1 1 11 00 1111 0nkk kkkk Z 0000 0001 1nmm 2 2, 3 1 11 1111 1nkk kkkk 2 If the Program Counter (PC) is modified, or a conditional test is true, the instruction requires two cycles. The second cycle is executed as a NOP. If this instruction addresses an INDF register and the MSb of the corresponding FSR is set, this instruction will require one additional instruction cycle. See Section 34.2 "Instruction Descriptions" for detailed MOVIW and MOVWI instruction descriptions. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 379 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 34.2 Instruction Descriptions ADDFSR Add Literal to FSRn ANDLW AND literal with W Syntax: [ label ] ADDFSR FSRn, k Syntax: [ label ] ANDLW Operands: -32 k 31 n [ 0, 1] Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: (W) .AND. (k) (W) Operation: FSR(n) + k FSR(n) Status Affected: Z Status Affected: None Description: Description: The signed 6-bit literal `k' is added to the contents of the FSRnH:FSRnL register pair. The contents of W register are AND'ed with the 8-bit literal `k'. The result is placed in the W register. ANDWF AND W with f k FSRn is limited to the range 0000h-FFFFh. Moving beyond these bounds will cause the FSR to wrap-around. ADDLW Add literal and W Syntax: [ label ] ADDLW Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: Status Affected: Syntax: [ label ] ANDWF Operands: 0 f 127 d 0,1 (W) + k (W) Operation: (W) .AND. (f) (destination) C, DC, Z Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of the W register are added to the 8-bit literal `k' and the result is placed in the W register. Description: AND the W register with register `f'. If `d' is `0', the result is stored in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. ASRF Arithmetic Right Shift ADDWF Add W and f Syntax: [ label ] ADDWF Operands: 0 f 127 d 0,1 Operation: (W) + (f) (destination) Status Affected: C, DC, Z Description: Add the contents of the W register with register `f'. If `d' is `0', the result is stored in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. ADDWFC k f,d ADD W and CARRY bit to f Syntax: [ label ] ADDWFC Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (W) + (f) + (C) dest Syntax: [ label ] ASRF Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] f {,d} Operation: (f<7>) dest<7> (f<7:1>) dest<6:0>, (f<0>) C, Status Affected: C, Z Description: The contents of register `f' are shifted one bit to the right through the Carry flag. The MSb remains unchanged. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in W. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. register f C f {,d} Status Affected: C, DC, Z Description: Add W, the Carry flag and data memory location `f'. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in W. If `d' is `1', the result is placed in data memory location `f'. DS40001799C-page 380 f,d 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 BCF Bit Clear f Syntax: [ label ] BCF BTFSC f,b Bit Test f, Skip if Clear Syntax: [ label ] BTFSC f,b 0 f 127 0b7 Operands: 0 f 127 0b7 Operands: Operation: 0 (f<b>) Operation: skip if (f<b>) = 0 Status Affected: None Status Affected: None Description: Bit `b' in register `f' is cleared. Description: If bit `b' in register `f' is `1', the next instruction is executed. If bit `b', in register `f', is `0', the next instruction is discarded, and a NOP is executed instead, making this a 2-cycle instruction. BRA Relative Branch BTFSS Bit Test f, Skip if Set Syntax: [ label ] BRA label [ label ] BRA $+k Syntax: [ label ] BTFSS f,b Operands: 0 f 127 0b<7 Operands: -256 label - PC + 1 255 -256 k 255 Operation: skip if (f<b>) = 1 Operation: (PC) + 1 + k PC Status Affected: None Status Affected: None Description: Description: Add the signed 9-bit literal `k' to the PC. Since the PC will have incremented to fetch the next instruction, the new address will be PC + 1 + k. This instruction is a 2-cycle instruction. This branch has a limited range. If bit `b' in register `f' is `0', the next instruction is executed. If bit `b' is `1', then the next instruction is discarded and a NOP is executed instead, making this a 2-cycle instruction. BRW Relative Branch with W Syntax: [ label ] BRW Operands: None Operation: (PC) + (W) PC Status Affected: None Description: Add the contents of W (unsigned) to the PC. Since the PC will have incremented to fetch the next instruction, the new address will be PC + 1 + (W). This instruction is a 2-cycle instruction. BSF Bit Set f Syntax: [ label ] BSF Operands: 0 f 127 0b7 f,b Operation: 1 (f<b>) Status Affected: None Description: Bit `b' in register `f' is set. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 381 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 CALL Call Subroutine CLRWDT Clear Watchdog Timer Syntax: [ label ] CALL k Syntax: [ label ] CLRWDT Operands: 0 k 2047 Operands: None Operation: (PC)+ 1 TOS, k PC<10:0>, (PCLATH<6:3>) PC<14:11> Operation: Status Affected: None 00h WDT 0 WDT prescaler, 1 TO 1 PD Description: Call Subroutine. First, return address (PC + 1) is pushed onto the stack. The 11-bit immediate address is loaded into PC bits <10:0>. The upper bits of the PC are loaded from PCLATH. CALL is a 2-cycle instruction. Status Affected: TO, PD Description: CLRWDT instruction resets the Watchdog Timer. It also resets the prescaler of the WDT. Status bits TO and PD are set. CALLW Subroutine Call With W COMF Complement f Syntax: [ label ] CALLW Syntax: [ label ] COMF Operands: None Operands: Operation: (PC) +1 TOS, (W) PC<7:0>, (PCLATH<6:0>) PC<14:8> 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) (destination) Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of register `f' are complemented. If `d' is `0', the result is stored in W. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. DECF Decrement f Syntax: [ label ] DECF f,d Status Affected: None Description: Subroutine call with W. First, the return address (PC + 1) is pushed onto the return stack. Then, the contents of W is loaded into PC<7:0>, and the contents of PCLATH into PC<14:8>. CALLW is a 2-cycle instruction. CLRF Clear f Syntax: [ label ] CLRF f f,d Operands: 0 f 127 Operands: Operation: 00h (f) 1Z 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) - 1 (destination) Status Affected: Z Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of register `f' are cleared and the Z bit is set. Description: Decrement register `f'. If `d' is `0', the result is stored in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. CLRW Clear W Syntax: [ label ] CLRW Operands: None Operation: 00h (W) 1Z Status Affected: Z Description: W register is cleared. Zero bit (Z) is set. DS40001799C-page 382 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 DECFSZ Decrement f, Skip if 0 INCFSZ Syntax: [ label ] DECFSZ f,d Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) - 1 (destination); skip if result = 0 Operation: (f) + 1 (destination), skip if result = 0 Status Affected: None Status Affected: None Description: The contents of register `f' are decremented. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is placed back in register `f'. If the result is `1', the next instruction is executed. If the result is `0', then a NOP is executed instead, making it a 2-cycle instruction. Description: The contents of register `f' are incremented. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is placed back in register `f'. If the result is `1', the next instruction is executed. If the result is `0', a NOP is executed instead, making it a 2-cycle instruction. GOTO Unconditional Branch IORLW Inclusive OR literal with W Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] GOTO k Increment f, Skip if 0 INCFSZ f,d IORLW k Operands: 0 k 2047 Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: k PC<10:0> PCLATH<6:3> PC<14:11> Operation: (W) .OR. k (W) Status Affected: Z Status Affected: None Description: Description: GOTO is an unconditional branch. The 11-bit immediate value is loaded into PC bits <10:0>. The upper bits of PC are loaded from PCLATH<4:3>. GOTO is a 2-cycle instruction. The contents of the W register are OR'ed with the 8-bit literal `k'. The result is placed in the W register. INCF Increment f IORWF Inclusive OR W with f Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) + 1 (destination) Operation: (W) .OR. (f) (destination) Status Affected: Z Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of register `f' are incremented. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is placed back in register `f'. Description: Inclusive OR the W register with register `f'. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is placed back in register `f'. INCF f,d 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. IORWF f,d DS40001799C-page 383 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 LSLF Logical Left Shift MOVF Syntax: [ label ] LSLF Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f<7>) C (f<6:0>) dest<7:1> 0 dest<0> Operation: (f) (dest) f {,d} Status Affected: C, Z Description: The contents of register `f' are shifted one bit to the left through the Carry flag. A `0' is shifted into the LSb. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in W. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. C register f 0 Z Description: The contents of register f is moved to a destination dependent upon the status of d. If d = 0, destination is W register. If d = 1, the destination is file register f itself. d = 1 is useful to test a file register since status flag Z is affected. Words: 1 Cycles: 1 Logical Right Shift Syntax: [ label ] LSRF Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: 0 dest<7> (f<7:1>) dest<6:0>, (f<0>) C, Status Affected: C, Z Description: The contents of register `f' are shifted one bit to the right through the Carry flag. A `0' is shifted into the MSb. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in W. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. DS40001799C-page 384 MOVF FSR, 0 After Instruction W = value in FSR register Z = 1 LSRF f {,d} register f MOVF f,d Status Affected: Example: 0 Move f C 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 MOVIW Move INDFn to W MOVLP Syntax: [ label ] MOVIW ++FSRn [ label ] MOVIW --FSRn [ label ] MOVIW FSRn++ [ label ] MOVIW FSRn-[ label ] MOVIW k[FSRn] Syntax: [ label ] MOVLP k Operands: 0 k 127 Operation: k PCLATH Status Affected: None Operands: n [0,1] mm [00,01, 10, 11] -32 k 31 Description: The 7-bit literal `k' is loaded into the PCLATH register. Operation: INDFn W Effective address is determined by * FSR + 1 (preincrement) * FSR - 1 (predecrement) * FSR + k (relative offset) After the Move, the FSR value will be either: * FSR + 1 (all increments) * FSR - 1 (all decrements) * Unchanged Status Affected: MOVLW Move literal to W Syntax: [ label ] 0 k 255 Operation: k (W) Status Affected: None Description: The 8-bit literal `k' is loaded into W register. The "don't cares" will assemble as `0's. Words: 1 1 Mode Syntax mm Cycles: Preincrement ++FSRn 00 Example: --FSRn 01 Postincrement FSRn++ 10 Postdecrement FSRn-- 11 Description: This instruction is used to move data between W and one of the indirect registers (INDFn). Before/after this move, the pointer (FSRn) is updated by pre/post incrementing/decrementing it. Note: The INDFn registers are not physical registers. Any instruction that accesses an INDFn register actually accesses the register at the address specified by the FSRn. FSRn is limited to the range 0000h FFFFh. Incrementing/decrementing it beyond these bounds will cause it to wrap-around. MOVLB Move literal to BSR Syntax: [ label ] MOVLB k Operands: 0 k 31 Operation: k BSR Status Affected: None Description: The 5-bit literal `k' is loaded into the Bank Select Register (BSR). 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. MOVLW k Operands: Z Predecrement Move literal to PCLATH MOVLW 0x5A After Instruction W = MOVWF Move W to f Syntax: [ label ] MOVWF Operands: 0 f 127 Operation: (W) (f) 0x5A f Status Affected: None Description: Move data from W register to register `f'. Words: 1 Cycles: 1 Example: MOVWF OPTION_REG Before Instruction OPTION_REG = 0xFF W = 0x4F After Instruction OPTION_REG = 0x4F W = 0x4F DS40001799C-page 385 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 MOVWI Move W to INDFn NOP No Operation Syntax: [ label ] MOVWI ++FSRn [ label ] MOVWI --FSRn [ label ] MOVWI FSRn++ [ label ] MOVWI FSRn-[ label ] MOVWI k[FSRn] Syntax: [ label ] Operands: None Operation: No operation Status Affected: None n [0,1] mm [00,01, 10, 11] -32 k 31 Description: No operation. Words: 1 Cycles: 1 Operands: Operation: W INDFn Effective address is determined by * FSR + 1 (preincrement) * FSR - 1 (predecrement) * FSR + k (relative offset) After the Move, the FSR value will be either: * FSR + 1 (all increments) * FSR - 1 (all decrements) Unchanged Status Affected: None Mode Syntax Preincrement ++FSRn 00 Predecrement --FSRn 01 Postincrement FSRn++ 10 Postdecrement FSRn-- 11 Description: This instruction is used to move data between W and one of the indirect registers (INDFn). Before/after this move, the pointer (FSRn) is updated by pre/post incrementing/decrementing it. mm Example: NOP NOP RESET Software Reset Syntax: [ label ] RESET Operands: None Operation: Execute a device Reset. Resets the RI flag of the PCON register. Status Affected: None Description: This instruction provides a way to execute a hardware Reset by software. RETFIE Return from Interrupt Syntax: [ label ] Operands: None Operation: TOS PC, 1 GIE RETFIE k Status Affected: None Note: The INDFn registers are not physical registers. Any instruction that accesses an INDFn register actually accesses the register at the address specified by the FSRn. Description: Return from Interrupt. Stack is POPed and Top-of-Stack (TOS) is loaded in the PC. Interrupts are enabled by setting Global Interrupt Enable bit, GIE (INTCON<7>). This is a 2-cycle instruction. FSRn is limited to the range 0000h-FFFFh. Incrementing/decrementing it beyond these bounds will cause it to wrap-around. Words: 1 Cycles: 2 The increment/decrement operation on FSRn WILL NOT affect any Status bits. DS40001799C-page 386 Example: RETFIE After Interrupt PC = GIE = TOS 1 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 RETLW Return with literal in W RLF Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] 0 f 127 d [ 0, 1] See description below RETLW k Operands: 0 k 255 Operands: Operation: k (W); TOS PC Operation: Status Affected: None Description: The W register is loaded with the 8-bit literal `k'. The program counter is loaded from the top of the stack (the return address). This is a 2-cycle instruction. Words: 1 Cycles: 2 Example: TABLE Rotate Left f through Carry RLF f,d Status Affected: C Description: The contents of register `f' are rotated one bit to the left through the Carry flag. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. C CALL TABLE;W contains table ;offset value * ;W now has table value * * ADDWF PC ;W = offset RETLW k1 ;Begin table RETLW k2 ; * * * RETLW kn ; End of table Before Instruction W = After Instruction W = 0x07 Return from Subroutine Syntax: [ label ] RETURN None Operation: TOS PC Status Affected: None Description: Return from subroutine. The stack is POPed and the top of the stack (TOS) is loaded into the program counter. This is a 2-cycle instruction. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 1 Cycles: 1 Example: RLF REG1,0 Before Instruction REG1 C After Instruction REG1 W C = = 1110 0110 0 = = = 1110 0110 1100 1100 1 RRF Rotate Right f through Carry Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: See description below Status Affected: C Description: The contents of register `f' are rotated one bit to the right through the Carry flag. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is placed back in register `f'. value of k8 RETURN Operands: Words: Register f RRF f,d C Register f DS40001799C-page 387 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 SUBWF Subtract W from f Enter Sleep mode Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] Operands: Operands: None 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: 00h WDT, 0 WDT prescaler, 1 TO, 0 PD Operation: (f) - (W) destination) SLEEP SLEEP Status Affected: TO, PD Description: The power-down Status bit, PD is cleared. Time-out Status bit, TO is set. Watchdog Timer and its prescaler are cleared. See Section 9.3 "Sleep Mode" for more information. Status Affected: C, DC, Z Description: Subtract (2's complement method) W register from register `f'. If `d' is `0', the result is stored in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f. SUBWFB SUBLW Subtract W from literal Syntax: [ label ] SUBWF f,d C=0 Wf C=1 Wf DC = 0 W<3:0> f<3:0> DC = 1 W<3:0> f<3:0> Subtract W from f with Borrow Syntax: SUBWFB Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] f {,d} Operation: (f) - (W) - (B) dest Status Affected: C, DC, Z Description: Subtract W and the BORROW flag (CARRY) from register `f' (2's complement method). If `d' is `0', the result is stored in W. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. Swap Nibbles in f SUBLW k Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: k - (W) W) SWAPF Status Affected: C, DC, Z Syntax: [ label ] The W register is subtracted (2's complement method) from the 8-bit literal `k'. The result is placed in the W register. Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f<3:0>) (destination<7:4>), (f<7:4>) (destination<3:0>) Description: SWAPF f,d C=0 Wk Status Affected: None C=1 Wk Description: DC = 0 W<3:0> k<3:0> DC = 1 W<3:0> k<3:0> The upper and lower nibbles of register `f' are exchanged. If `d' is `0', the result is placed in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is placed in register `f'. DS40001799C-page 388 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TRIS Load TRIS Register with W XORLW Exclusive OR literal with W Syntax: [ label ] TRIS f Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 5f7 Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: (W) TRIS register `f' Operation: (W) .XOR. k W) Status Affected: None Status Affected: Z Description: Move data from W register to TRIS register. When `f' = 5, TRISA is loaded. When `f' = 6, TRISB is loaded. When `f' = 7, TRISC is loaded. Description: The contents of the W register are XOR'ed with the 8-bit literal `k'. The result is placed in the W register. XORWF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. XORLW k Exclusive OR W with f Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] XORWF f,d Operation: (W) .XOR. (f) destination) Status Affected: Z Description: Exclusive OR the contents of the W register with register `f'. If `d' is `0', the result is stored in the W register. If `d' is `1', the result is stored back in register `f'. DS40001799C-page 389 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 35.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS 35.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings() Ambient temperature under bias ...................................................................................................... -40C to +125C Storage temperature ........................................................................................................................ -65C to +150C Voltage on pins with respect to VSS on VDD pin PIC16F18313/18323 ................................................................................................. -0.3V to +6.5V PIC16LF18313/18323 ............................................................................................... -0.3V to +4.0V on MCLR pin ........................................................................................................................... -0.3V to +9.0V on all other pins ............................................................................................................ -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Maximum current on VSS pin(1) -40C TA +85C .............................................................................................................. 250 mA +85C TA +125C ............................................................................................................. 85 mA on VDD pin(1) -40C TA +85C .............................................................................................................. 250 mA +85C TA +125C ............................................................................................................. 85 mA on any I/O pin ..................................................................................................................................... 50 mA Clamp current, IK (VPIN < 0 or VPIN > VDD) ................................................................................................... 20 mA Total power dissipation(2) .............................................................................................................................. 800 mW Note 1: 2: Maximum current rating requires even load distribution across I/O pins. Maximum current rating may be limited by the device package power dissipation characterizations, see Table 35-3 to calculate device specifications. Power dissipation is calculated as follows: PDIS = VDD x {IDD - IOH} + {(VDD - VOH) x IOH} + (VOL x IOL). NOTICE: Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure above maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DS40001799C-page 390 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 35.2 Standard Operating Conditions The standard operating conditions for any device are defined as: Operating Voltage: Operating Temperature: VDDMIN VDD VDDMAX TA_MIN TA TA_MAX VDD -- Operating Supply Voltage(1) PIC16LF18313/18323 VDDMIN (Fosc 16 MHz) ......................................................................................................... +1.8V VDDMIN (Fosc 32 MHz) ......................................................................................................... +2.5V VDDMAX .................................................................................................................................... +3.6V PIC16F18313/18323 VDDMIN (Fosc 16 MHz) ......................................................................................................... +2.3V VDDMIN (Fosc 32 MHz) ......................................................................................................... +2.5V VDDMAX .................................................................................................................................... +5.5V TA -- Operating Ambient Temperature Range Industrial Temperature TA_MIN ...................................................................................................................................... -40C TA_MAX .................................................................................................................................... +85C Extended Temperature TA_MIN ...................................................................................................................................... -40C TA_MAX .................................................................................................................................. +125C Note 1: See Parameter D002, DC Characteristics: Supply Voltage. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 391 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 VOLTAGE FREQUENCY GRAPH, -40C TA +125C, PIC16F18313/18323 ONLY FIGURE 35-1: VDD (V) 5.5 2.5 2.3 0 10 4 16 32 Frequency (MHz) Note 1: The shaded region indicates the permissible combinations of voltage and frequency. 2: Refer to Table 35-7 for each Oscillator mode's supported frequencies. VOLTAGE FREQUENCY GRAPH, -40C TA +125C, PIC16LF18313/18323 ONLY VDD (V) FIGURE 35-2: 3.6 2.5 1.8 0 4 10 16 32 Frequency (MHz) Note 1: The shaded region indicates the permissible combinations of voltage and frequency. 2: Refer to Table 35-7 for each Oscillator mode's supported frequencies. DS40001799C-page 392 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 35.3 DC Characteristics TABLE 35-1: SUPPLY VOLTAGE PIC16LF18313/18323 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) PIC16F18313/18323 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions Supply Voltage D002 VDD 1.8 2.5 -- -- 3.6 3.6 V V FOSC 16 MHz FOSC > 16 MHz D002 VDD 2.3 2.5 -- -- 5.5 5.5 V V FOSC 16 MHz: FOSC > 16 MHz RAM Data Retention(1) D003 VDR 1.5 -- -- V Device in Sleep mode D003 VDR 1.7 -- -- V Device in Sleep mode Power-on Reset Release Voltage(2) D004 VPOR -- 1.6 -- V BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) D004 VPOR -- 1.6 -- V BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) Power-on Reset ReARM Voltage(2) D005 VPORR -- 0.8 -- V BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) D005 VPORR -- 1.5 -- V BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) VDD Rise Rate to ensure Internal Power-on Reset Signal(2) D006 SVDD 0.05 -- -- V/ms BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) D006 SVDD 0.05 -- -- V/ms BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: This is the limit to which VDD can be lowered in Sleep mode or during a device Reset, without losing RAM data. 2: See Figure 35-3. 3: Please see Table 35-11 for BOR and LPBOR trip point information. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 393 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-3: POR AND POR REARM WITH SLOW RISING VDD VDD VPOR VPORR SVDD VSS NPOR(1) POR REARM VSS TVLOW(2) Note 1: 2: 3: TPOR(3) When NPOR is low, the device is held in Reset. TPOR 1 s typical. TVLOW 2.7 s typical. DS40001799C-page 394 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-2: SUPPLY CURRENT (IDD)(1,2) PIC16LF18313/18323 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) PIC16F18313/18323 Param. No. Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Conditions Symbol Device Characteristics Min. Typ. Max. Units VDD D100 IDDXT4 XT = 4 MHz -- 262 310 D100 IDDXT4 XT = 4 MHz -- 275 D101 IDDHFO16 HFINTOSC = 16 MHz -- 1.1 D101 IDDHFO16 HFINTOSC = 16 MHz -- 1.1 D102 IDDHFOPLL HFINTOSC = 32 MHz -- 2 2.4 mA 3.0V D102 IDDHFOPLL HFINTOSC = 32 MHz -- 2.1 2.5 mA 3.0V D103 IDDHSPLL32 HS+PLL = 32 MHz -- 1.8 2 mA 3.0V D103 IDDHSPLL32 HS+PLL = 32 MHz -- 1.9 2.1 mA 3.0V D104 IDDIDLE IDLE Mode, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz -- 644 780 uA 3.0V D104 IDDIDLE IDLE Mode, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz -- 650 790 uA 3.0V D105 IDDDOZE(3) DOZE mode, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz, DOZE Ratio = 16 -- 698 -- uA 3.0V D105 IDDDOZE(3) DOZE mode, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz, DOZE Ratio = 16 -- 705 -- uA 3.0V uA 3.0V 320 uA 3.0V 1.3 mA 3.0V 1.4 mA 3.0V Note Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: The test conditions for all IDD measurements in active operation mode are: OSC1 = external square wave, from rail-to-rail; all I/O pins tri-stated, pulled to VDD; MCLR = VDD; WDT disabled. 2: The supply current is mainly a function of the operating voltage and frequency. Other factors, such as I/O pin loading and switching rate, oscillator type, internal code execution pattern and temperature, also have an impact on the current consumption. 3: IDDDOZE = [IDDIDLE*(N-1)/N] + IDDHFO16/N where N = DOZE Ratio (see Register 9-2). 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 395 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-3: POWER-DOWN CURRENTS (IPD)(1,2,3) PIC16LF18313/18323 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) PIC16F18313/18323 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) VREGPM = 1 Param. No. Symbol Device Characteristics Conditions Max. Max. Units +85C +125C Note VDD Min. Typ. 0.03 2 5.2 A 3.0V D200 IPD IPD Base -- D200 IPD IPD Base -- 0.3 2.4 5.6 A 3.0V -- 12.8 22 27 A 3.0V VREGPM = 0 D201 IPD_WDT Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator/WDT -- 0.4 2.9 6 A 3.0V D201 IPD_WDT Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator/WDT -- 0.5 3.3 6.6 A 3.0V D202 IPD_SOSC Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) -- 1.3 2.8 6 A 3.0V D202 IPD_SOSC Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) -- 1.5 3.2 6.4 A 3.0V D203 IPD_FVR FVR -- 45 74 76 A 3.0V D203 IPD_FVR FVR -- 40 70 75 A 3.0V D204 IPD_BOR Brown-out Reset (BOR) -- 10.6 16 19 A 3.0V D204 IPD_BOR Brown-out Reset (BOR) -- 10.5 16.4 19.4 A 3.0V D205 IPD_LPBOR Low Power Brown-out Reset (LPBOR) -- 0.3 2.5 5.5 A 3.0V D207 IPD_ADCA ADC - Non-converting -- 0.3 2 5.2 A 3.0V ADC not converting(4) D207 IPD_ADCA ADC - Non-converting -- 0.3 2.4 5.6 A 3.0V ADC not converting(4) D208 IPD_CMP Comparator -- 30 45 50 A 3.0V D208 IPD_CMP Comparator -- 30 44 49 A 3.0V * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: The peripheral current is the sum of the base IPD and the additional current consumed when this peripheral is enabled. The peripheral current can be determined by subtracting the base IDD or IPD current from this limit. Max values should be used when calculating total current consumption. 2: The power-down current in Sleep mode does not depend on the oscillator type. Power-down current is measured with the part in Sleep mode, with all I/O pins in high-impedance state and tied to VSS. 3: All peripheral currents listed are on a per-peripheral basis if more than one instance of a peripheral is available. 4: ADC clock source is ADCRC. DS40001799C-page 396 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-4: I/O PORTS DC CHARACTERISTICS Param. Sym. No. VIL Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions -- -- 0.8 V 4.5V VDD 5.5V -- -- 0.15 VDD V 1.8V VDD 4.5V -- -- 0.2 VDD V 2.0V VDD 5.5V -- -- 0.3 VDD V Input Low Voltage I/O PORT: D300 with TTL buffer D301 D302 with Schmitt Trigger buffer D303 with I2C levels 2.7V VDD 5.5V D304 with SMBus levels -- -- 0.8 V D305 MCLR -- -- 0.2 VDD V 2.0 -- -- V 4.5V VDD 5.5V 0.25 VDD + 0.8 -- -- V 1.8V VDD 4.5V 0.8 VDD -- -- V 2.0V VDD 5.5V 0.7 VDD -- -- V 2.1 -- -- V 0.7 VDD -- -- V -- 5 125 nA VSS VPIN VDD, Pin at high-impedance, 85C -- 5 1000 nA VSS VPIN VDD, Pin at high-impedance, 125C -- 50 200 nA VSS VPIN VDD, Pin at high-impedance, 85C 25 120 200 A VDD = 3.0V, VPIN = VSS -- -- 0.6 V IOL = 10.0 mA, VDD = 3.0V VDD - 0.7 -- -- V IOH = 6.0 mA, VDD = 3.0V -- 5 50 pF VIH Input High Voltage I/O PORT: D320 with TTL buffer D321 D322 with Schmitt Trigger buffer I2C D323 with D324 with SMBus levels D325 MCLR IIL D340 levels Input Leakage Current(2) I/O Ports D341 MCLR(2) D342 IPUR Weak Pull-up Current VOL Voltage(4) D350 D360 I/O ports VOH D370 D380 Output Low (4) Output High Voltage I/O ports CIO 2.7V VDD 5.5V All I/O pins * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: Negative current is defined as current sourced by the pin. 2: The leakage current on the MCLR pin is strongly dependent on the applied voltage level. The specified levels represent normal operating conditions. Higher leakage current may be measured at different input voltages. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 397 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-5: MEMORY SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units -- 9 V Note 2 -- -- -- uA Note 2 High Voltage Entry Programming Mode Specifications Voltage on MCLR/VPP pin to 7.9 MEM01 VIHH enter Programming mode MEM02 IPPGM Current on MCLR/VPP pin during Programming mode Conditions Programming Mode Specifications MEM10 VBE VDD for Bulk Erase -- 2.7 -- V MEM11 Supply Current during Programming Operation -- -- 5 mA IDDPGM Data EEPROM Memory Specifications MEM20 ED DataEE Byte Endurance 100k -- -- E/W -40C TA 85C MEM21 TD_RET Characteristic Retention -- 40 -- Year MEM22 ND_REF Total Erase/Write Cycles before Refresh -- -- 100k E/W MEM23 VD_RW VDD for Read or Erase/Write Operation VDDMIN -- VDDMAX V -- 4.0 5.0 ms 10k -- -- E/W -40C Ta 85C (Note 1) Provided no other specifications are violated MEM24 TD_BEW Byte Erase and Write Cycle Time Provided no other specifications are violated Program Flash Memory Specifications MEM30 EP Flash Memory Cell Endurance MEM32 TP_RET Characteristic Retention -- 40 -- Year MEM33 VP_RD VDD for Read Operation VDDMIN -- VDDMAX V VDDMIN -- VDDMAX V -- 2.0 2.5 ms VDD for Row Erase or Write MEM34 VP_REW Operation MEM35 TP_REW Self-Timed Row Erase or Self-Timed Write Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: Flash Memory Cell Endurance for the Flash memory is defined as: One Row Erase operation and one Self-Timed Write. 2: Required only if CONFIG3.LVP is disabled. DS40001799C-page 398 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-6: THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. TH01 TH02 Sym. JA JC Characteristic Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient Thermal Resistance Junction to Case Typ. Units Conditions 70.0 C/W 14-pin PDIP package 95.3 C/W 14-pin SOIC package 100.0 C/W 14-pin TSSOP package 51.5 C/W 16-pin UQFN 4x4mm package 62.2 C/W 20-pin PDIP package 87.3 C/W 20-pin SSOP package 77.7 C/W 20-pin SOIC package 43.0 C/W 20-pin UQFN 4x4mm package 32.75 C/W 14-pin PDIP package 31.0 C/W 14-pin SOIC package 24.4 C/W 14-pin TSSOP package 5.4 C/W 16-pin UQFN 4x4mm package 27.5 C/W 20-pin PDIP package 31.1 C/W 20-pin SSOP package 23.1 C/W 20-pin SOIC package 5.3 C/W 20-pin UQFN 4x4mm package 150 C 0.800 W PD = PINTERNAL + PI/O PINTERNAL Internal Power Dissipation -- W PINTERNAL = IDD x VDD(1) TH06 PI/O I/O Power Dissipation -- W PI/O = (IOL * VOL) + (IOH * (VDD - VOH)) TH07 PDER Derated Power -- W PDER = PDMAX (TJ - TA)/JA(2) TH03 TJMAX Maximum Junction Temperature TH04 PD Power Dissipation TH05 Note 1: IDD is current to run the chip alone without driving any load on the output pins. 2: TA = Ambient Temperature, TJ = Junction Temperature 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 399 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 35.4 AC Characteristics FIGURE 35-4: LOAD CONDITIONS Load Condition Pin CL VSS CL = 50 pF for all pins Note: FIGURE 35-5: CLOCK TIMING Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 CLKIN OS1 OS2 OS2 OS20 CLKOUT (CLKOUT Mode) Note: See Table 35-10. DS40001799C-page 400 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-7: EXTERNAL CLOCK/OSCILLATOR TIMING REQUIREMENTS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions ECL Oscillator OS1 FECL Clock Frequency -- -- 100 kHz OS2 TECL_DC Clock Duty Cycle 40 -- 60 % ECM Oscillator OS3 FECM Clock Frequency -- -- 8 MHz OS4 TECM_DC Clock Duty Cycle 40 -- 60 % Note 4 ECH Oscillator OS5 FECH Clock Frequency -- -- 32 MHz OS6 TECH_DC Clock Duty Cycle 40 -- 60 % Clock Frequency -- -- 100 kHz Note 4 Clock Frequency -- -- 4 MHz Note 4 Clock Frequency -- -- 20 MHz Note 4 -- -- 32 MHz Note 2, Note 3 -- FOSC/4 -- MHz 125 1/FCY -- ns LP Oscillator OS7 FLP XT Oscillator OS8 FXT HS Oscillator OS9 FHS System Clock OS20 FOSC System Clock Frequency OS21 FCY Instruction Frequency OS22 TCY Instruction Period * Note 1: 2: 3: 4: These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Instruction cycle period (TCY) equals four times the input oscillator time base period. All specified values are based on characterization data for that particular oscillator type under standard operating conditions with the device executing code. Exceeding these specified limits may result in an unstable oscillator operation and/or higher than expected current consumption. All devices are tested to operate at "min" values with an external clock applied to OSC1 pin. When an external clock input is used, the "max" cycle time limit is "DC" (no clock) for all devices. The system clock frequency (FOSC) is selected by the "main clock switch controls" as described in Section 7.3 "Clock Switching". The system clock frequency (FOSC) must meet the voltage requirements defined in the Section 35.2 "Standard Operating Conditions". LP, XT and HS oscillator modes require an appropriate crystal or resonator to be connected to the device. For clocking the device with an external square wave, one of the EC mode selections must be used. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 401 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-8: INTERNAL OSCILLATOR PARAMETERS(1) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units OS20 FHFOSC Precision Calibrated HFINTOSC Frequency -- 4 8 12 16 32 -- MHz OS21 FHFOSCLP Low-Power Optimized HFINTOSC Frequency 0.93 1.86 1 2 1.07 2.14 MHz MHz OS23 FLFOSC Internal LFINTOSC Frequency -- 31 -- kHz OS24 THFOSCST HFINTOSC Wake-up from Sleep Start-up Time -- 11 50 20 -- s s OS26 TLFOSCST LFINTOSC Wake-up from Sleep Start-up Time -- 0.2 -- ms * Conditions -40C to 125C (2) VREGPM = 0 VREGPM = 1 These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: 2: To ensure these oscillator frequency tolerances, VDD and VSS must be capacitively decoupled as close to the device as possible. 0.1 F and 0.01 F values in parallel are recommended. See Figure 35-6. FIGURE 35-6: PRECISION CALIBRATED HFINTOSC FREQUENCY ACCURACY OVER DEVICE VDD AND TEMPERATURE 125 5% Temperature (C) 85 3% 60 2% 0 5% -40 1.8 2.0 2.3 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 VDD (V) DS40001799C-page 402 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-9: PLL CLOCK TIMING SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic PLL Input Frequency Range Min. Typ. Max. Units 4 -- 8 MHz PLL01 FPLLIN PLL02 FPLLOUT PLL Output Frequency Range 16 -- 32 MHz PLL03 TPLLST PLL Lock Time from Start-up -- 200 -- s PLL04 FPLLJIT PLL Output Frequency Stability (Jitter) -0.25 -- 0.25 % Conditions * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 5V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. FIGURE 35-7: Cycle CLKOUT AND I/O TIMING Write Fetch Q1 Q4 Read Execute Q2 Q3 FOSC IO2 IO1 IO10 IO12 CLKOUT IO8 IO4 IO7 IO5 I/O pin (Input) IO3 I/O pin (Output) New Value Old Value IO7, IO8 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 403 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-10: CLKOUT AND I/O TIMING SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions IO1 TCLKOUTH CLKOUT rising edge delay (rising edge FOSC (Q1 cycle) to falling edge CLKOUT -- -- 70 ns IO2 TCLKOUTL CLKOUT falling edge delay (rising edge FOSC (Q3 cycle) to rising edge CLKOUT -- -- 72 ns IO3 TIO_VALID Port output valid time (rising edge FOSC (Q1 cycle) to port valid) -- 50 70 ns IO4 TIO_SETUP Port input setup time (Setup time before rising edge FOSC - Q2 cycle) 20 -- -- ns IO5 TIO_HOLD Port input hold time (Hold time after rising edge FOSC - Q2 cycle) 50 -- -- ns IO6 TIOR_SLREN Port I/O rise time, slew rate enabled -- 25 -- ns VDD = 3.0V IO7 TIOR_SLRDIS Port I/O rise time, slew rate disabled -- 5 -- ns VDD = 3.0V IO8 TIOF_SLREN Port I/O fall time, slew rate enabled -- 25 -- ns VDD = 3.0V IO9 TIOF_SLRDIS Port I/O fall time, slew rate disabled -- 5 -- ns VDD = 3.0V IO10 TINT INT pin high or low time to trigger an interrupt 25 -- -- ns IO11 TIOC Interrupt-on-Change minimum 25 high or low time to trigger interrupt -- -- ns * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. DS40001799C-page 404 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-8: RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER AND POWER-UP TIMER TIMING VDD MCLR RST01 Internal POR RST04 PWRT Time-out RST05 OSC Start-up Time Internal Reset(1) Watchdog Timer Reset(1) RST03 RST02 RST02 I/O pins Note 1: Asserted low. FIGURE 35-9: BROWN-OUT RESET TIMING AND CHARACTERISTICS VDD VBOR and VHYST VBOR (Device in Brown-out Reset) (Device not in Brown-out Reset) 37 Reset (due to BOR) 33(1) Note 1: 64 ms delay only if PWRTE bit in the Configuration Word register is programmed to `0'. 2 ms delay if PWRTE = 0. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 405 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-11: RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER, POWER-UP TIMER, BROWN-OUT RESET AND LOW POWER BROWN-OUT RESET SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units RST01 TMCLR MCLR Pulse Width Low to ensure Reset 2 -- -- s RST02 TIOZ I/O high-impedance from Reset detection -- -- 2 s RST03 TWDT Watchdog Timer Time-out Period 10 16 27 ms Power-up Timer Period 40 65 140 RST05 TOST Oscillator Start-up Timer Period(1,2) -- 1024 -- RST06 VBOR Brown-out Reset Voltage(4) 2.55 2.30 1.80 2.70 2.45 1.90 2.85 2.60 2.10 V V V RST07 VBORHYS Brown-out Reset Hysteresis 0 25 75 mV RST08 TBORDC Brown-out Reset Response Time 1 3 35 s RST09 VLPBOR Low-Power Brown-out Reset Voltage 1.8 2.1 2.5 V RST04* TPWRT * Note 1: 2: 3: 4: Conditions 16 ms Nominal Reset Time ms TOSC (Note3) BORV = 0 BORV = 1 (PIC16F18313/18323) BORV = 1 (PIC16LF18313/18323) PIC16LF18313/18323 These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Instruction cycle period (TCY) equals four times the input oscillator time base period. All specified values are based on characterization data for that particular oscillator type under standard operating conditions with the device executing code. Exceeding these specified limits may result in an unstable oscillator operation and/or higher than expected current consumption. All devices are tested to operate at "min" values with an external clock applied to the OSC1 pin. When an external clock input is used, the "max" cycle time limit is "DC" (no clock) for all devices. By design. Period of the slower clock. To ensure these voltage tolerances, VDD and VSS must be capacitively decoupled as close to the device as possible. 0.1 F and 0.01 F values in parallel are recommended. DS40001799C-page 406 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-12: ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC) CHARACTERISTICS(1,2) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25C Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions AD01 NR Resolution -- -- 10 bit AD02 EIL Integral Error -- 0.1 1.0 LSb ADCREF+ = 3.0V, ADCREF- = 0V AD03 EDL Differential Error -- 0.1 1.0 LSb ADCREF+ = 3.0V, ADCREF- = 0V AD04 EOFF Offset Error -- 0.5 2.0 LSb ADCREF+ = 3.0V, ADCREF- = 0V AD05 EGN Gain Error -- 0.2 2.0 LSb ADCREF+ = 3.0V, ADCREF- = 0V AD06 VADREF ADC Reference Voltage (ADREF+) 1.8 -- VDD V AD07 VAIN Full-Scale Range VSS -- ADREF+ V AD08 ZAIN Recommended Impedance of Analog Voltage Source -- 10 -- k AD09 RVREF ADC Voltage Reference Ladder Impedance -- 50 -- k * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: Total Absolute Error is the sum of the offset, gain and integral non-linearity (INL) errors. 2: The ADC conversion result never decreases with an increase in the input and has no missing codes. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 407 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-13: ANALOG-TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC) CONVERSION TIMING SPECIFICATIONS(1,2) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. AD20 Sym. TAD Characteristic ADC Clock Period AD21 Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions 1 -- 9 us Using FOSC as the ADC clock source; ADCS ! = x11 1 2 6 us Using ADCRC as the ADC clock source; ADCS = x11 -- 11 -- TAD AD22 TCNV Conversion Time AD23 TACQ THCD Acquisition Time -- 2 -- us Sample and Hold Capacitor Disconnect Time 0.5 -- -- TAD FOSC based clock source 0.5 -- -- TAD ADCRC based clock source AD24 * Set of GO/DONE bit to Clear of GO/DONE bit These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. FIGURE 35-10: ADC CONVERSION TIMING (ADC CLOCK FOSC-BASED) BSF ADCON0, GO AD133 1 TCY AD131 Q4 AD130 ADC_clk 9 ADC Data 8 7 6 3 OLD_DATA ADRES 1 0 NEW_DATA 1 TCY ADIF GO Sample 2 DONE AD132 DS40001799C-page 408 Sampling Stopped 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-11: ADC CONVERSION TIMING (ADC CLOCK FROM ADCRC) BSF ADCON0, GO AD133 1 TCY AD131 Q4 AD130 ADC_clk 9 ADC Data 8 7 6 OLD_DATA ADRES 3 2 1 0 NEW_DATA ADIF 1 TCY GO DONE Sample Note: AD132 Sampling Stopped If the ADC clock source is selected as ADCRC, a time of TCY is added before the ADC clock starts. This allows the SLEEP instruction to be executed. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 409 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-14: COMPARATOR SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25C See Section 36.0 "DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Charts" for operating characterization. Param No. Sym. Characteristics CM01 VIOFF Input Offset Voltage Min. Typ. Max. Units -- -- 50 mV Comments VICM = VDD/2 CM02 VICM Input Common Mode Voltage GND -- VDD V CM03 CMRR Common Mode Input Rejection Ratio -- 50 -- dB CM04 CHYST Comparator Hysteresis 15 25 35 mV CM05 TRESP(1) Response Time, Rising Edge -- 300 600 ns Response Time, Falling Edge -- 220 500 ns CM06* TMCV2VO(2) Mode Change to Valid Output -- -- 10 us * Note 1: These parameters are characterized but not tested. Response time measured with one comparator input at VDD/2, while the other input transitions from VSS to VDD. A mode change includes changing any of the control register values, including module enable. 2: TABLE 35-15: DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER (DAC) SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25C Param No. Sym. Characteristics Min. Typ. Max. Units DSB01 VLSB Step Size -- VDD/32 -- V DSB01 VACC Absolute Accuracy -- -- 0.5 LSb DSB03* RUNIT Unit Resistor Value -- 6000 -- DSB04* TST Settling Time(1) -- -- 10 s Comments * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ" column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: Settling time measured while DACR<4:0> transitions from `00000' to `01111'. TABLE 35-16: FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE (FVR) SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions FVR01 VFVR1 1x Gain (1.024V nominal) -4 -- 4 % VDD 2.5V, -40C to 85C FVR02 VFVR2 2x Gain (2.048V nominal) -4 -- 4 % VDD 2.5V, -40C to 85C FVR03 VFVR4 4x Gain (4.096V nominal) -5 -- 5 % VDD 4.75V, -40C to 85C FVR04 TFVRST FVR Start-up Time -- 35 -- s DS40001799C-page 410 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-12: TIMER0 AND TIMER1 EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMINGS T0CKI 40 41 42 T1CKI 45 46 49 47 TMR0 or TMR1 TABLE 35-17: TIMER0 AND TIMER1 EXTERNAL CLOCK REQUIREMENTS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. 40* Sym. TT0H Characteristic T0CKI High Pulse Width Min. No Prescaler With Prescaler 41* TT0L T0CKI Low Pulse Width No Prescaler ns ns ns Greater of: 20 or TCY + 40 N -- -- ns 0.5 TCY + 20 -- -- ns Synchronous, with Prescaler 15 -- -- ns Asynchronous 30 -- -- ns Synchronous, No Prescaler 0.5 TCY + 20 -- -- ns Synchronous, with Prescaler 15 -- -- ns Asynchronous 30 -- -- ns Synchronous Greater of: 30 or TCY + 40 N -- -- ns Asynchronous 60 -- -- ns 32.4 32.768 33.1 kHz 2 TOSC -- 7 TOSC -- T1CKI High Time Synchronous, No Prescaler 48 FT1 49* TCKEZTMR1 Delay from External Clock Edge to Timer Increment * ns -- -- TT1H T1CKI Input Period -- -- -- 45* TT1P -- 10 -- T0CKI Period 47* 0.5 TCY + 20 -- TT0P T1CKI Low Time Units 10 42* TT1L Max. 0.5 TCY + 20 With Prescaler 46* Typ. Secondary Oscillator Input Frequency Range (oscillator enabled by setting bit T1OSCEN) Conditions N = prescale value N = prescale value Timers in Sync mode These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 411 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-13: CAPTURE/COMPARE/PWM (CCP) TIMINGS CCPx (Capture mode) CC01 CC02 CC03 Note: Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. TABLE 35-18: CAPTURE/COMPARE/PWM (CCP) CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. Sym. No. Characteristic CC01* TccL CCPx Input Low Time No Prescaler CC02* TccH CCPx Input High Time CC03* TccP CCPx Input Period With Prescaler No Prescaler With Prescaler * Min. 0.5TCY + 20 Typ. Max. Units -- -- Conditions ns 20 -- -- ns 0.5TCY + 20 -- -- ns 20 -- -- ns 3TCY + 40 N -- -- ns N = prescale value These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. DS40001799C-page 412 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-14: CLC PROPAGATION TIMING CLCxINn CLC Input time CLCxINn CLC Input time LCx_in[n](1) LCx_in[n](1) CLC Module LCx_out(1) CLC Output time CLCx CLC Module LCx_out(1) CLC Output time CLCx CLC01 CLC02 CLC03 Note 1: See Figure 21-1, "CLCx Simplified Block Diagram" to identify specific CLC signals. TABLE 35-19: CONFIGURABLE LOGIC CELL (CLC) CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions CLC01* TCLCIN CLC input time -- 7 OS17 ns (Note 1) CLC02* TCLC CLC module input to output progagation time -- -- 24 12 -- -- ns ns VDD = 1.8V VDD > 3.6V CLC03* TCLCOUT CLC output time Rise Time -- OS18 -- -- (Note 1) Fall Time -- OS19 -- -- (Note 1) -- 32 FOSC MHz CLC04* FCLCMAX CLC maximum switching frequency * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: See Table 35-10 for OS17, OS18 and OS19 rise and fall times. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 413 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-15: EUSART SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION (MASTER/SLAVE) TIMING CK US121 US121 DT US122 US120 Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. Note: TABLE 35-20: EUSART SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic Min. Max. Units Conditions US120 TCKH2DTV SYNC XMIT (Master and Slave) Clock high to data-out valid -- 80 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V -- 100 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V US121 TCKRF Clock out rise time and fall time (Master mode) -- 45 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V -- 50 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V US122 TDTRF Data-out rise time and fall time -- 45 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V -- 50 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V FIGURE 35-16: EUSART SYNCHRONOUS RECEIVE (MASTER/SLAVE) TIMING CK US125 DT US126 Note: Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. TABLE 35-21: EUSART SYNCHRONOUS RECEIVE CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic US125 TDTV2CKL SYNC RCV (Master and Slave) Data-setup before CK (DT hold time) US126 TCKL2DTL Data-hold after CK (DT hold time) DS40001799C-page 414 Min. Max. Units 10 -- ns 15 -- ns Conditions 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-17: SPI MASTER MODE TIMING (CKE = 0, SMP = 0) SS SP81 SCK (CKP = 0) SP71 SP72 SP78 SP79 SP79 SP78 SCK (CKP = 1) SP80 bit 6 - - - - - -1 MSb SDO LSb SP75, SP76 SDI MSb In bit 6 - - - -1 LSb In SP74 SP73 Note: Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. FIGURE 35-18: SPI MASTER MODE TIMING (CKE = 1, SMP = 1) SS SP81 SCK (CKP = 0) SP71 SP72 SP79 SP73 SCK (CKP = 1) SP80 SDO MSb bit 6 - - - - - -1 SP78 LSb SP75, SP76 SDI MSb In bit 6 - - - -1 LSb In SP74 Note: Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 415 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 FIGURE 35-19: SPI SLAVE MODE TIMING (CKE = 0) SS SP70 SCK (CKP = 0) SP83 SP71 SP72 SP78 SP79 SP79 SP78 SCK (CKP = 1) SP80 MSb SDO LSb bit 6 - - - - - -1 SP77 SP75, SP76 SDI MSb In bit 6 - - - -1 LSb In SP74 Note: SP73 Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. FIGURE 35-20: SPI SLAVE MODE TIMING (CKE = 1) SP82 SS SP70 SP83 SCK (CKP = 0) SP71 SP72 SCK (CKP = 1) SP80 MSb SDO bit 6 - - - - - -1 LSb SP77 SP75, SP76 SDI MSb In bit 6 - - - -1 LSb In SP74 Note: Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. DS40001799C-page 416 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-22: SPI MODE CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions SP70* TSSL2SCH, TSSL2SCL SS to SCK or SCK input 2.25*TCY -- -- ns SP71* TSCH SCK input high time (Slave mode) TCY + 20 -- -- ns SP72* TSCL SCK input low time (Slave mode) TCY + 20 -- -- ns SP73* TDIV2SCH, TDIV2SCL Setup time of SDI data input to SCK edge 100 -- -- ns SP74* TSCH2DIL, TSCL2DIL Hold time of SDI data input to SCK edge 100 -- -- ns SP75* TDOR SDO data output rise time -- 10 25 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V -- 25 50 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V SP76* TDOF SDO data output fall time -- 10 25 ns SP77* TSSH2DOZ SS to SDO output high-impedance 10 -- 50 ns SP78* TSCR SCK output rise time (Master mode) -- 10 25 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V -- 25 50 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V SP79* TSCF SCK output fall time (Master mode) -- 10 25 ns SP80* TSCH2DOV, TSCL2DOV SDO data output valid after SCK edge -- -- 50 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V 1.8V VDD 5.5V SP81* TDOV2SCH, SDO data output setup to SCK TDOV2SCL edge SP82* TSSL2DOV SDO data output valid after SS edge SP83* TSCH2SSH, TSCL2SSH SS after SCK edge -- -- 145 ns 1 Tcy -- -- ns -- -- 50 ns 1.5 TCY + 40 -- -- ns * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in "Typ." column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 417 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 I2C BUS START/STOP BITS TIMING FIGURE 35-21: SCL SP93 SP91 SP90 SP92 SDA Stop Condition Start Condition Note: Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. TABLE 35-23: I2C BUS START/STOP BITS CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic SP90* TSU:STA SP91* THD:STA SP92* TSU:STO SP93 THD:STO Stop condition Start condition 100 kHz mode 4700 Typ. Max. Units -- -- Setup time 400 kHz mode 600 -- -- Start condition 100 kHz mode 4000 -- -- Hold time 400 kHz mode 600 -- -- Stop condition 100 kHz mode 4700 -- -- Setup time Hold time * Min. 400 kHz mode 600 -- -- 100 kHz mode 4000 -- -- 400 kHz mode 600 -- -- Conditions ns Only relevant for Repeated Start condition ns After this period, the first clock pulse is generated ns ns These parameters are characterized but not tested. I2C BUS DATA TIMING FIGURE 35-22: SP103 SCL SP100 SP90 SP102 SP101 SP106 SP107 SP91 SDA In SP92 SP110 SP109 SP109 SDA Out Note: Refer to Figure 35-4 for Load conditions. DS40001799C-page 418 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 35-24: I2C BUS DATA CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. SP100* Symbol THIGH Characteristic Clock high time Min. Max. Units Conditions 100 kHz mode 4.0 -- s Device must operate at a minimum of 1.5 MHz 400 kHz mode 0.6 -- s Device must operate at a minimum of 10 MHz SSP module SP101* TLOW Clock low time 1.5TCY -- 100 kHz mode 4.7 -- s Device must operate at a minimum of 1.5 MHz 400 kHz mode 1.3 -- s Device must operate at a minimum of 10 MHz 1.5TCY -- SSP module SP102* SP103* SP106* SP107* SP109* SP110* TR TF THD:DAT TSU:DAT TAA TBUF SDA and SCL rise time 100 kHz mode -- 1000 ns 400 kHz mode 20 + 0.1CB 300 ns SDA and SCL fall time 100 kHz mode -- 250 ns 400 kHz mode 20 + 0.1CB 250 ns Data input hold time 100 kHz mode 0 -- ns 400 kHz mode 0 0.9 s Data input setup time 100 kHz mode 250 -- ns 400 kHz mode 100 -- ns Output valid from clock 100 kHz mode -- 3500 ns 400 kHz mode -- -- ns Bus free time 100 kHz mode 4.7 -- s 400 kHz mode 1.3 -- s -- 400 pF CB is specified to be from 10-400 pF (Note 2) (Note 1) Time the bus must be free before a new transmission can start SP111 CB * Note 1: These parameters are characterized but not tested. As a transmitter, the device must provide this internal minimum delay time to bridge the undefined region (min. 300 ns) of the falling edge of SCL to avoid unintended generation of Start or Stop conditions. A Fast mode (400 kHz) I2C bus device can be used in a Standard mode (100 kHz) I2C bus system, but the requirement TSU:DAT 250 ns must then be met. This will automatically be the case if the device does not stretch the low period of the SCL signal. If such a device does stretch the low period of the SCL signal, it must output the next data bit to the SDA line TR max. + TSU:DAT = 1000 + 250 = 1250 ns (according to the Standard mode I2C bus specification), before the SCL line is released. 2: Bus capacitive loading CB is specified to be from 10-400 pF 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 419 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 36.0 DC AND AC CHARACTERISTICS GRAPHS AND CHARTS The graphs and tables provided in this section are for design guidance and are not tested. In some graphs or tables, the data presented are outside specified operating range (i.e., outside specified VDD range). This is for information only and devices are ensured to operate properly only within the specified range. Unless otherwise noted, all graphs apply to both the L and LF devices. Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore, outside the warranted range. "Typical" represents the mean of the distribution at 25C. "Maximum", "Max.", "Minimum" or "Min." represents (mean + 3) or (mean - 3) respectively, where is a standard deviation, over each temperature range. DS40001799C-page 420 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 500 500 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 450 Max 400 400 350 350 Max Typical 300 300 Typical IDD (A) IDD (A) Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 450 250 200 250 200 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 0 3.8 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 VDD (V) 4.0 4.5 5.0 FIGURE 36-1: IDD, XT Oscillator, 4 MHz, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 6.0 FIGURE 36-2: IDD, XT Oscillator, 4 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 3.0 3.0 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 2.5 2.5 Max Max 2.0 2.0 Typical Typical IDD (mA) IDD (mA) 5.5 VDD (V) 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 2.0 3.8 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD (V) VDD ((V)) FIGURE 36-3: IDD, HS Oscillator, 32 MHz, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-4: IDD, HS Oscillator, 32 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 3.0 3.0 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 2.5 2.5 Max Max Typical 2.0 IDD (mA) 2.0 IDD (mA) Typical 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-5: IDD, HFINTOSC Mode, FOSC = 32 MHz, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 421 3.8 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD ((V)) FIGURE 36-6: IDD, HFINTOSC Mode, FOSC = 32 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 1.8 1.8 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 1.6 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 1.6 1.4 1.4 Max 1.2 Max 1.2 Typical 1.0 IDD (mA) IDD (mA) Typical 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 2.0 3.8 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-7: IDD, HFINTOSC Mode, FOSC = 16 MHz, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-8: IDD, HFINTOSC Mode, FOSC = 16 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 1,200 1,200 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 1,000 1,000 800 Max 800 IDD (A) IDD (A) Max 600 Typical Typical 600 400 400 200 200 0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 0 3.8 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 VDD (V) 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD ((V)) FIGURE 36-9: IDD, HFINTOSC IDLE Mode, FOSC = 16 MHz, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-10: IDD, HFINTOSC IDLE Mode, FOSC = 16 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 1,200 1,200 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 1,000 1,000 Max Max 800 800 IDD (A) IDD (A) Typical Typical 600 600 400 400 200 200 0 0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-11: IDD, HFINTOSC DOZE Mode, FOSC = 16 MHz, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.4 3.6 3.8 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD ((V)) FIGURE 36-12: IDD, HFINTOSC DOZE Mode, FOSC = 16 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 422 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 1.0 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 0.9 0.8 IPD (A) A) 0.7 0.6 Max. 0.5 0.4 Typical 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-13: IPD BASE, Low-Power Sleep Mode, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-14: IPD, Watch Dog Timer (WDT), PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 60 1.2 Max: 85C + 3 M 3i Typical: 25C 55 1.0 Max. 50 45 Typical IPD (A) A) IPD (A) A) 0.8 0.6 Max. 40 Typical 35 0.4 30 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 0.2 25 0.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 20 6.0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 VDD (V) 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-15: IPD, Watch Dog Timer (WDT), PIC16F18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-16: IPD, Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR), PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 14 60 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 55 13 50 Max. IPD D (A) IPD (A) A) 12 Max. 45 40 11 Typical 35 10 Typical 30 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 25 9 20 8 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-17: IPD, Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR), PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 423 6.0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-18: IPD, Brown-out Reset (BOR), BORV = 1, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 0.5 16 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 14 0.4 Max. Max. 12 IPD (A) A) IPD (A) A) 0.3 Typical 10 0.2 8 Typical Max: 85 85C C + 3i Typical: 25C 0.1 6 0 4 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 1.6 6.0 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-19: IPD, Brown-out Reset (BOR), BORV = 1, PIC16F18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-20: IPD, Low-Power Brown-out Reset (LPBOR = 0), PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 40 0.8 38 0.7 Max. Max. 36 0.6 34 IPD (A) A) IPD (A) A) 0.5 Typical 0.4 32 Typical 30 28 0.3 26 Max: 85 85C C + 3i Typical: 25C 0.2 24 0.1 01 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 22 20 0.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 1.6 6.0 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-21: IPD, Low-Power Brown-out Reset (LPBOR = 0), PIC16F18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-22: IPD, Comparator, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 30 40 Max Max. Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 35 25 Max. 30 Typical 20 IPD (A) A) IPD (A) A) 25 20 15 Typical 15 10 10 5 Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 5 0 0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-23: IPD, Comparator, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.5 6.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-24: IPD BASE, 01, PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 424 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 1 0.8 2.0% 0.7 1.0% 0.6 Max. 0.5 0.4 Max. 0.0% Error (%) IPD (A) A) 3.0% Max: 85C + 3i Typical: 25C 0.9 Typical Typical -1.0% -2.0% Min. 0.3 -3.0% 0.2 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C -4.0% 0.1 Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) -5.0% 0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 1.6 6.0 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-25: IPD BASE, 11, PIC16F18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-26: HFINTOSC Typical Frequency Error, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 1.5% 2.0% Max. 1.0% 1.0% Max. Typical 0.5% 0.0% Error (%) Error (%) Typical -1.0% Min. -2.0% 0.0% -0.5% Min. -3.0% -1.0% Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) -4.0% -5.0% -2.0% 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 -50 VDD (V) 50 100 150 FIGURE 36-28: HFINTOSC Frequency Error VDD = 3V, All devices 36,000 36,000 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) 35,000 Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 34,000 34,000 33,000 33,000 Max. Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) 0 Temperature (C) FIGURE 36-27: HFINTOSC Typical Frequency Error, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 35,000 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) -1.5% 32,000 Typical 31,000 30,000 Max. 32,000 31,000 Typical 30,000 Min. Min. 29,000 29,000 28,000 28,000 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.5 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-29: LFINTOSC Frequency, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 425 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-30: LFINTOSC Frequency, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 180 300 Max. 160 250 Max. Min. Pull-Up Current ent (A) (A Pull-Up ull-Up C Current (A) Typical 200 Min. 150 100 120 100 80 60 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) 40 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) 50 Typical 140 Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 20 Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 0 0 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 1.6 6.0 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-31: Weak Pull-Up Current, PIC16F18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-32: Weak Pull-Up Current, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 6 3 Graph represents 3i Limits Graph represents 3i Limits 5 -40C 4 2 VOL (V) VOH (V) Typical 3 125C 125C 2 1 Typical 1 -40C 0 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 0 0 10 20 30 IOL (mA) IOH (mA) FIGURE 36-33: VOH vs. IOH Over Temperature, VDD = 5.5V, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 40 50 60 FIGURE 36-34: VOL vs. IOL Over Temperature, VDD = 5.5V, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 3.0 3.5 Graph represents 3i Limits Graph represents 3i Limits 3.0 2.5 -40C 125C 2.5 Typical 2.0 VOL (V) VOH (V) 2.0 Typical 1.5 1.5 125C 1.0 1.0 -40C 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 IOH (mA) FIGURE 36-35: VOH vs. IOH Over Temperature, VDD = 3.0V, All devices 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. -5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 IOL (mA) FIGURE 36-36: VOL vs. IOL Over Temperature, VDD = 3.0V, All devices DS40001799C-page 426 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 2.0 1.8 Graph represents 3i Limits 1.8 Graph represents 3i Limits 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.2 Typical 125C VOL (V) VOH (V) -40C 1.2 125C 1.0 Typical -40C 1 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0 -8.0 -7.5 -7.0 -6.5 -6.0 -5.5 -5.0 -4.5 -4.0 -3.5 -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 FIGURE 36-38: VOL vs. IOL Over Temperature, VDD = 1.8V, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 70.0 3.00 Max: Typical + 3i Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i 2.95 60.0 2.90 2.85 50.0 Max. 2.75 Max. Voltage (mV) 2.80 Voltage (V) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 IOL (mA) IOH (mA) FIGURE 36-37: VOH vs. IOH Over Temperature, VDD = 1.8V, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only Typical 2.70 2.65 Min. 2.60 40.0 Typical 30.0 20.0 2.55 2.50 Max: Typical + 3i Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i 2.45 Min. 10.0 0.0 2.40 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -60 140 -40 -20 0 Temperature (C) 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature (C) FIGURE 36-39: Brown-out Reset Voltage, High Trip Point, (BORV = 0), All devices FIGURE 36-40: Brown-out Reset Hysteresis, Low Trip Point, (BORV = 0), All devices 2.00 40.0 Max. 35.0 1.95 30.0 Voltage (mV) Typical Voltage (V) 9 1.90 Min. 1.85 Max. 25.0 Typical 20.0 Min. 15.0 10.0 Max: Typical + 3i Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i Max: Typical yp + 3i Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i 5.0 1.80 00 0.0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature (C) FIGURE 36-41: Brown-out Reset Voltage, Trip Point, (BORV = 1), PIC16LF18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 427 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature (C) FIGURE 36-42: Brown-out Reset Hysteresis, Trip Point, (BORV = 1), PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 2.70 50.0 2.65 45.0 Max: Typical + 3i Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i 2.60 2.50 Max. 35.0 Typical Voltage (mV) Voltage (V) 40.0 Max. 2.55 2.45 Min. 2.40 30.0 Typical 25.0 2.35 Min. 20.0 2.30 Max: Typical + 3i Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i 2.25 15.0 2.20 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 10.0 140 -60 -40 -20 0 20 Temperature (C) 40 FIGURE 36-43: Brown-out Reset Voltage, Trip Point, (BORV = 1), PIC16F18313/18323 Only 80 100 120 140 FIGURE 36-44: Brown-out Reset Hysteresis, Trip Point, (BORV = 1), PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2.60 50 Max: Typical + 3i Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i 2.50 Max: Typical + 3i Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i 45 40 2.40 Max. 35 2.30 Max. 30 Voltage (mV) Voltage (V) 60 Temperature (C) 2.20 Typical 2.10 2.00 Typical 25 20 Min. 15 Min. 10 1.90 5 1.80 0 -60 1.70 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -40 -20 0 20 Temperature (C) 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature (C) FIGURE 36-45: LPBOR Reset Voltage, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-46: LPBOR Reset Hysteresis, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 7 5.0 4.5 6 Max. 4.0 5 3.5 3.0 Time (s) Time (s) 40 140 Typical 2.5 2.0 1.5 Max. 4 Typical 3 2 1.0 Max: Typical + 3i @ 125C 0.5 Max: Typical + 3i @ 125C 1 Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 0.0 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-47: BOR Response Time, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.7 0 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-48: BOR Response Time, PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 428 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 DNL (LSb) DNL (LSb) PIC16(L)F18313/18323 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 0 128 256 384 512 640 768 896 0 1024 128 256 384 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 768 896 1024 0.0 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 0 128 256 384 512 640 768 896 0 1024 128 256 384 512 640 768 896 1024 Output Code Output Code FIGURE 36-51: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended DNL, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, TAD = 8 s, 25C, All devices FIGURE 36-52: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended INL, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, TAD = 1 s, 25C, All devices 2.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 INL (LSb) DNL (LSb) INL (LSb) DNL (LSb) 640 FIGURE 36-50: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended DNL, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, TAD = 4 s, 25C, All devices INL (LSb) DNL (LSb) FIGURE 36-49: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended DNL, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, TAD = 1 s, 25C, All devices 0.0 -0.5 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 -1.0 -1.5 -1.5 -2.0 -0.5 512 Output Code Output Code 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 -2.0 -0.5 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 640 768 896 1024 Output Code Output Code -1.0 -1.0 0 128 256 384 512 640 768 896 Output Code FIGURE 36-53: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended INL, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, TAD = 4 s, 25C, All devices DS40001799C-page 429 1024 0 128 256 384 512 Output Code FIGURE 36-54: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended INL, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, TAD = 8 s, 25C, All devices 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 1.0 1.0 0.5 Max 25C Max 25C Min 25C Min 25C Max -40C 0.0 Min -40C Max 85C INL (LSb) DNL (LSb) 0.5 Max -40C 0.0 Min -40C Max 85C Min 85C Min 85C -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 0.5 05 0.8 08 1.0 2.0 0 0 TAD (s) 4.0 0 0.5 8.0 80 0.8 1.0 2.0 4.0 8.0 TAD (s) FIGURE 36-55: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended DNL, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, All devices FIGURE 36-56: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended INL, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, All devices 1.0 2.0 1.5 0.5 1.0 Max 85C 0.5 Max 25C Max -40C 0.0 Min 85C Min 25C INL(LSb) DNL(LSb) Max 85C Max 25C Max -40C 0.0 Min 85C -0.5 Min -40C Min 25C Min -40C -1.0 -0.5 -1.5 -2.0 -1.0 1.8 1.8 8 2.3 3 2.5 5 2.3 3.0 30 2.5 3.0 VREF (V) VREF (V) FIGURE 36-57: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended DNL, VDD = 3.0V, TAD = 1 s, All devices FIGURE 36-58: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended INL, VDD = 3.0V, TAD = 1 s, All devices g 6 3.0 5 2.5 4 2.0 Max 85C 1.5 2 Max 25C 1.0 1 Max -40C 0 Min 85C -1 Min 25C -2 Min -40C Max 85C Offset Error (LSb) Gain Error (LSb) 3 Max -40C 0.0 Min 85C -0.5 Min 25C -1.0 -3 -1.5 -4 -2.0 -5 Max 25C 0.5 Min -40C -2.5 -6 1.8 2.3 2.5 3.0 VREF (V) FIGURE 36-59: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended Gain Error, VDD = 3.0V, TAD = 1 s, All devices 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. -3.0 1.8 2.3 2.5 3.0 VREF (V) FIGURE 36-60: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended Offset Error, VDD = 3.0V, TAD = 1 s, All devices DS40001799C-page 430 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 , Title g , , 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 Max 85C Max 25C Max -40C 0.0 INL(LSb) DNL(LSb) Max 85C Max 25C Max -40C 0.0 Min 85C Min 85C Min 25C Min 25C -0.5 Min -40C Min -40C -0.5 -1.0 1.8 2.3 2.5 3.0 VREF (V) -1.0 1.8 2.3 2.5 3.0 VREF ((V)) FIGURE 36-61: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended DNL, VDD = 3.0V, TAD = 4 s, All devices FIGURE 36-62: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended INL, VDD = 3.0V, TAD = 4 s, All devices 1.0 6 5 3 Max 85C 2 Max 25C 1 0.5 Offset Error (LSb) Gain Error (LSb) 4 Max -40C 0 Min 85C -1 -2 Min 25C -3 Min -40C Max 85C Max 25C Max -40C 0.0 Min 85C Min 25C Min -40C -4 -0.5 -5 -6 1.8 2.3 2.5 3.0 VREF (V) -1.0 1.8 2.3 2.5 3.0 VREF (V) FIGURE 36-63: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended Gain Error, VDD = 3.0V, TAD = 4 s, All devices FIGURE 36-64: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended Offset Error, VDD = 3.0V, TAD = 4 s, All devices g 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 Max. Offset Error (LSb) Gain Error (LSb) 1.0 0.5 Typical 0.0 -0.5 Min. -1.0 Max. 0.5 0.0 Typical -0.5 -1.0 Min. -1.5 -1.5 -2.0 0.5 0.8 1.0 2.0 4.0 TAD (s) 8.0 -2.0 0.5 0.8 1.0 2.0 4.0 8.0 TAD (s) FIGURE 36-65: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended Gain Error, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, -40C to 85C, All devices DS40001799C-page 431 FIGURE 36-66: ADC 10-Bit Mode, Single-Ended Offset Error, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = 3.0V, -40C to 85C, All devices 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.0 5.0 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 4.5 3.5 Max. 4.0 3.0 Max. 2.5 3.0 Time (s) Time (s) 3.5 2.5 Typical Typical 2.0 2.0 1.5 Min. Min. 1.5 1.0 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) 1.0 0.5 Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 0.5 Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 0.0 0.0 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 2.2 3.7 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 FIGURE 36-67: ADC RC Oscillator period, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-68: ADC RC Oscillator period, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 0.00 0.025 -40C 0.020 -0.05 25C 85C 0.015 -0.10 125C -0.15 INL (LSb) DNL (LSb) 0.010 0.005 0.000 -0.20 -0.25 -0.005 -0.30 -0.010 -0.35 -0.015 -0.40 -0.020 -0.45 -40C 25C 85C 125C 0 16 32 48 64 80 96 0 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 224 240 16 32 48 64 80 FIGURE 36-69: Typical DAC DNL Error, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = External 3V, All devices 96 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 224 240 Output Code Output Code FIGURE 36-70: Typical DAC INL Error, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = External 3V, All devices 0.020 0.00 0.015 -40C 25C -0.05 85C 125C -0.10 0.010 INL (LSb) DNL (LSb) -0.15 0.005 0.000 -0.20 -0.25 -0.30 -0.005 -40C -0.35 25C -0.010 85C -0.40 125C -0.015 -0.45 0 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 224 240 Output Code FIGURE 36-71: Typical DAC DNL Error, VDD = 5.0V, VREF = External 5V, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 0 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 224 240 Output Code FIGURE 36-72: Typical DAC INL Error, VDD = 5.0V, VREF = External 5V, PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 432 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 0.4 0.45 VREF = INT. VDD 0.4 VREF = EXT. 1.8V DNL (LSb) AbsoluteAbsolute DNL (LSb) 0.35 VREF = EXT. 2.0V 0.3 0.3 VREF = EXT. 3.0V 0.25 Vref = Int. Vdd Vref = Ext. 1.8V 0.2 Vref = Ext. 2.0V 0.15 0.2 Vref = Ext. 3.0V 0.1 0.05 0 0.1 -50 0 50 Temperature (C) 100 150 0.0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature p (C) ( ) FIGURE 36-73: DAC INL Error, VDD = 3.0V, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 0.30 0.3 0.90 -2.1 VREF = INT. VDD VREF = Int. VDD VREF = EXT. 1.8V -2.3 0.88 0.25 VREF = EXT. 2.0V -2.5 AbsoluteAbsolute DNL (LSb) DNL (LSb) AbsoluteAbsolute INL (LSb)INL (LSb) FIGURE 36-74: Absolute Value of DAC DNL Error, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = VDD, All devices VREF = EXT. 3.0V -40 -2.7 0.86 25 -2.9 85 0.84 -3.1 125 -3.3 0.82 -3.5 0.0 VREF = Ext. 1.8V 0.26 0.2 VREF = Ext. 2.0V VREF = Ext. 3.0V 25 85 0.1 125 0.05 0.18 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 Temperature (C) 0.80 4.0 5.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 0.14 0.78 3.0 4.0 Temperature (C) 5.0 6.0 0.10 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -60 140 -40 -20 0 FIGURE 36-75: Absolute Value of DAC INL Error, VDD = 3.0V, VREF = VDD, All devices 0.90 -2.1 80 100 120 41 VREF = Ext. 5.0V -40 -2.7 0.86 25 -2.9 85 0.84 -3.1 125 Hysteresis (mV) VREF = Ext. 3.0V 39 37 35 33 31 1.0 2.0 0.80 3.0 4.0 Temperature (C) 140 43 VREF = Ext. 2.0V -3.3 0.82 -3.5 0.0 60 45 VREF = Ext. 1.8V -2.5 40 FIGURE 36-76: Absolute Value of DAC DNL Error, VDD = 5.0V, VREF = VDD, PIC16F18313/18323 Only VREF = Int. VDD -2.3 0.88 20 Temperature (C) ( C) Temperature (C) ( C) AbsoluteAbsolute INL (LSb)INL (LSb) -40 VREF = Ext. 5.0V 0.15 0.22 5.0 6.0 -40C 25C 29 125 125 27 85C 25 0.0 0.78 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 FIGURE 36-77: Absolute Value of DAC INL Error, VDD = 5.0V, VREF = VDD, PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 433 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 140 Temperature (C) Common Mode Voltage (V) FIGURE 36-78: Comparator Hysteresis, Normal Power Mode (CxSP = 1), VDD = 3.0V, Typical Measured Values, All devices 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 30 30 25 25 20 20 15 15 Offset Voltage (mV) Offset Voltage (mV) PIC16(L)F18313/18323 10 Max. 5 0 10 Max. 5 0 -5 -5 Min. Min. -10 -10 -15 -15 -20 -20 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.0 3.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Common Mode Voltage (V) Common Mode Voltage (V) FIGURE 36-79: Comparator Offset, Normal Power Mode (CxSP = 1), VDD = 3.0V, Typical Measured Values at 25C, All devices FIGURE 36-80: Comparator Offset, Normal Power Mode (CxSP = 1), VDD = 3.0V, Typical Measured Values from -40C to 125C, All devices 50 30 25 20 40 Hysteresis (mV) Hysteresis (mV) 45 35 30 10 Max. 5 0 -5 -40C Min. 25C 25 15 -10 125 -15 85 20 -20 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 Common Mode Voltage (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Common Mode Voltage (V) FIGURE 36-82: Comparator Offset, Normal Power Mode (CxSP = 1), VDD = 5.0V, Typical Measured Values at 25C, PIC16F18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-81: Comparator Hysteresis, Normal Power Mode (CxSP = 1), VDD = 5.5V, Typical Measured Values, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 140 40 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to +125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to +125C) 120 30 Time (ns) Offset Voltage (mV) 100 20 10 Max. 80 Max. 60 Typical 0 40 Min. Min. -10 20 -20 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Common Mode Voltage (V) FIGURE 36-83: Comparator Offset, Normal Power Mode (CxSP = 1), VDD = 5.5V, Typical Measured Values from -40C to 125C, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 0 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.5 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-84: Comparator Response Time Over Voltage, Normal Power Mode (CxSP = 1), VDD = 5.5V, Typical Measured Values PIC16LF18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 434 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 90 300 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to +125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to +125C) 80 250 70 Max. Max. 200 50 Time (ns) Time (ns) 60 Typical 40 30 150 Typical 100 Min. 20 50 Max: Typical + 3i @ 125C 10 Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 0 0 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 FIGURE 36-85: Comparator Response Time Over Voltage, Normal Power Mode (CxSP = 1), VDD = 5.5V, Typical Measured Values PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-86: Comparator Response Time Falling edge, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 250 700 600 200 Max. Max. Typical 100 Time (ns) Time (ns) 500 150 400 Typical 300 200 50 100 Max: Typical + 3i @ 125C Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Max: Typical + 3i @ 125C Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 0 0 1.7 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 FIGURE 36-87: Comparator Response Time Falling edge, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-88: Comparator Response Time Rising edge, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 900 70 800 60 700 Max. Max. 50 Time (s) Time (ns) 600 500 400 40 Typical 300 Typical 30 200 100 20 Max: Typical + 3i @ 125C Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 0 10 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-89: Comparator Response Time Rising edge, PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 435 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-90: Bandgap Ready Time, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 1.1% 1.0% Typical 125C 0.9% 0.8% Typical 85C Error (%) 0.7% 0.6% Typical 25C 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% Typical -40C 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-91: FVR Stabilization Period, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-92: Typical FVR Voltage (1x), PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 1.2% 1.0% Typical 125C Typical 125C 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% Error (%) Error (%) 0.6% Typical 85C 0.8% Typical 25C Typical 85C 0.4% Typical 25C 0.2% Typical -40C 0.4% 0.0% Typical -40C 0.2% -0.2% 0.0% -0.4% 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-93: FVR Voltage Error (1x), PIC16F18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-94: FVR Voltage Error (2x), PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 1.0% 1.0% Typical 125C 0.8% 0.8% Typical 125C Error (%) Typical 85C 0.6% Error (%) 0.6% Typical 25C 0.4% Typical 85C 0.4% 0.2% Typical 25C 0.2% Typical -40C 0.0% Typical -40C 0.0% -0.2% -0.2% 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-95: FVR Voltage Error (2x), PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.6 -0.4% 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-96: FVR Voltage Error (4x), PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 436 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 gg 2.5 4.0 Max. 3.5 2.0 Typical Max. Min. Voltage oltage (V) Voltage (V) 3.0 Typical 2.5 2.0 1.5 Min. 10 1.0 1.5 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) 0.5 1.0 Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 0.5 Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 0.0 1.5 0.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 6.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-97: All devices Schmitt Trigger High Values, FIGURE 36-98: All devices Schmitt Trigger Low Values, p 1.8 50 1.6 1.2 Max. 45 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical yp 40 Typical: y Statistical mean @ 25C 35 1.0 0.8 Time (ns) Voltage age (V) 1.4 Min. 0.6 0.4 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 25 C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 0.2 0.0 30 Max. 25 20 15 Typical 10 15 1.5 2.0 20 2.5 25 3.0 30 3.5 35 4.0 40 4.5 45 5.0 50 5.5 55 5 VDD (V) 0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-99: devices TTL Trip Thresholds, All FIGURE 36-100: Rise Time, Slew Rate Control Enabled, All devices , , 60 30 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 50 40 20 Time me (ns) Time me (ns) (ns Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 25 Max. 30 20 15 Max. 10 Typical 10 5 0 0 Typical 1.5 1 5 2.0 20 2.5 25 3.0 30 3.5 35 4.0 40 4.5 45 5.0 50 5.5 55 6.0 60 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-101: Fall Time, Slew Rate Control Enabled, All devices DS40001799C-page 437 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-102: Rise Time, Slew Rate Control Disabled, All devices 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 , 4.00% Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to +125C) Typical; statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to +125C) 20 3.00% Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) 18 Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 2.00% 16 1 00% 1.00% Error (%) Time me (ns) 14 12 10 8 Max 0.00% Min Average -1.00% Max. 6 -2.00% 4 Typical yp 2 -3.00% 0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 -4.00% -32 VDD (V) Min -24 -16 -8 0 8 Center 16 24 32 Max OSCTUNE Setting FIGURE 36-103: Fall Time, Slew Rate Control Disabled, All devices FIGURE 36-104: OSCTUNE Center Frequency, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 1.64 1.80 1.60 Max: Typical + 3i 1.55 Min: Typical - 3i Max. 1.45 Typical 1.40 Typical: Statistical mean Min: Typical - 3i 1.62 Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 1.50 Voltage (V) Max: Typical + 3i Typical: 25C Min: Typical - 3i Max: Typical + 3i 1.63 1.75 Typical: Statistical mean 1.35 1.70 1.61 Max. 1.6 1.65 Typical 1.59 1.60 1.30 Min. 1.58 Min. -40 -20 0 20 1.55 1.25 1.20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature (C) 1.50 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 -60 -40 -20 0 20 Temperature (C) FIGURE 36-105: All devices 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature (C) POR Release Voltage, FIGURE 36-106: POR Rearm Voltage, Normal Power Mode, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 75 74 73 Max. 72 71 Max. 69 Time (ms) Time (ms) 70 68 Typical 66 67 Typical 65 Min. 63 Min. 64 61 62 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 59 60 57 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-107: PWRT Period, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.0 5.5 6.0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-108: PWRT Period, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 438 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 120 18 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 110 17 100 90 Max. 15 Max. 80 Time (s) Time (s) 16 70 Typical 60 14 50 Typical 40 13 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 30 20 12 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 1.5 6.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VDD (V) VDD (V) FIGURE 36-109: Wake From Sleep, VREGPM = 0, HFINTOSC = 4 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only FIGURE 36-110: ULP Wake From Sleep, VREGPM = 1, HFINTOSC = 4 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 120 28 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 27 110 100 26 Max. 24 Typical 80 23 70 22 60 21 50 20 40 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Max. 90 Time (s) Time (s) 25 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Typical Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 1.5 6.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 FIGURE 36-111: Wake From Sleep, VREGPM = 1, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 FIGURE 36-112: ULP Wake From Sleep, VREGPM = 1, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 700 700 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 650 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C 650 600 600 Max. 550 550 Max. 500 450 Time (s) Time (s) 3.5 VDD (V) VDD (V) 500 450 Typical 400 350 Typical 400 350 300 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-113: Wake From Sleep, VREGPM = 1, LFINTOSC, PIC16F18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 439 300 1.7 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.7 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-114: Wake From Sleep, LFINTOSC, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 4.2 4.2 Max. Max. 4.1 4.1 Typical Time (ms) Time (ms) Typical 4.0 4.0 Min. Min. 3.9 3.9 Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) Max: Typical + 3i (-40C to 125C) Typical: Statistical mean @ 25C Min: Typical - 3i (-40C to 125C) 3.8 3.8 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-115: WDT Time-out Period, PIC16F18313/18323 Only 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 6.0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 VDD (V) FIGURE 36-116: WDT Time-out Period, PIC16LF18313/18323 Only DS40001799C-page 440 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 37.0 DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT The PIC(R) microcontrollers (MCU) and dsPIC(R) digital signal controllers (DSC) are supported with a full range of software and hardware development tools: * Integrated Development Environment - MPLAB(R) X IDE Software - MPLAB Xpress IDE Software - Microchip Code Configurator (MCC) * Compilers/Assemblers/Linkers - MPLAB XC Compiler - MPASMTM Assembler - MPLINKTM Object Linker/ MPLIBTM Object Librarian - MPLAB Assembler/Linker/Librarian for Various Device Families * Simulators - MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator * Emulators - MPLAB REAL ICETM In-Circuit Emulator * In-Circuit Debuggers/Programmers - MPLAB ICD 3 - PICkitTM 3 * Device Programmers - MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer * Low-Cost Demonstration/Development Boards, Evaluation Kits and Starter Kits * Third-party development tools 37.1 MPLAB X Integrated Development Environment Software The MPLAB X IDE is a single, unified graphical user interface for Microchip and third-party software, and hardware development tool that runs on Windows(R), Linux and Mac OS(R) X. Based on the NetBeans IDE, MPLAB X IDE is an entirely new IDE with a host of free software components and plug-ins for highperformance application development and debugging. Moving between tools and upgrading from software simulators to hardware debugging and programming tools is simple with the seamless user interface. With complete project management, visual call graphs, a configurable watch window and a feature-rich editor that includes code completion and context menus, MPLAB X IDE is flexible and friendly enough for new users. With the ability to support multiple tools on multiple projects with simultaneous debugging, MPLAB X IDE is also suitable for the needs of experienced users. Feature-Rich Editor: * Color syntax highlighting * Smart code completion makes suggestions and provides hints as you type * Automatic code formatting based on user-defined rules * Live parsing User-Friendly, Customizable Interface: * Fully customizable interface: toolbars, toolbar buttons, windows, window placement, etc. * Call graph window Project-Based Workspaces: * * * * Multiple projects Multiple tools Multiple configurations Simultaneous debugging sessions File History and Bug Tracking: * Local file history feature * Built-in support for Bugzilla issue tracker 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 441 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 37.2 MPLAB XC Compilers The MPLAB XC Compilers are complete ANSI C compilers for all of Microchip's 8, 16, and 32-bit MCU and DSC devices. These compilers provide powerful integration capabilities, superior code optimization and ease of use. MPLAB XC Compilers run on Windows, Linux or MAC OS X. For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide debug information that is optimized to the MPLAB X IDE. The free MPLAB XC Compiler editions support all devices and commands, with no time or memory restrictions, and offer sufficient code optimization for most applications. MPLAB XC Compilers include an assembler, linker and utilities. The assembler generates relocatable object files that can then be archived or linked with other relocatable object files and archives to create an executable file. MPLAB XC Compiler uses the assembler to produce its object file. Notable features of the assembler include: * * * * * * Support for the entire device instruction set Support for fixed-point and floating-point data Command-line interface Rich directive set Flexible macro language MPLAB X IDE compatibility 37.3 MPASM Assembler The MPASM Assembler is a full-featured, universal macro assembler for PIC10/12/16/18 MCUs. The MPASM Assembler generates relocatable object files for the MPLINK Object Linker, Intel(R) standard HEX files, MAP files to detail memory usage and symbol reference, absolute LST files that contain source lines and generated machine code, and COFF files for debugging. The MPASM Assembler features include: 37.4 MPLINK Object Linker/ MPLIB Object Librarian The MPLINK Object Linker combines relocatable objects created by the MPASM Assembler. It can link relocatable objects from precompiled libraries, using directives from a linker script. The MPLIB Object Librarian manages the creation and modification of library files of precompiled code. When a routine from a library is called from a source file, only the modules that contain that routine will be linked in with the application. This allows large libraries to be used efficiently in many different applications. The object linker/library features include: * Efficient linking of single libraries instead of many smaller files * Enhanced code maintainability by grouping related modules together * Flexible creation of libraries with easy module listing, replacement, deletion and extraction 37.5 MPLAB Assembler, Linker and Librarian for Various Device Families MPLAB Assembler produces relocatable machine code from symbolic assembly language for PIC24, PIC32 and dsPIC DSC devices. MPLAB XC Compiler uses the assembler to produce its object file. The assembler generates relocatable object files that can then be archived or linked with other relocatable object files and archives to create an executable file. Notable features of the assembler include: * * * * * * Support for the entire device instruction set Support for fixed-point and floating-point data Command-line interface Rich directive set Flexible macro language MPLAB X IDE compatibility * Integration into MPLAB X IDE projects * User-defined macros to streamline assembly code * Conditional assembly for multipurpose source files * Directives that allow complete control over the assembly process DS40001799C-page 442 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 37.6 MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator The MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator allows code development in a PC-hosted environment by simulating the PIC MCUs and dsPIC DSCs on an instruction level. On any given instruction, the data areas can be examined or modified and stimuli can be applied from a comprehensive stimulus controller. Registers can be logged to files for further run-time analysis. The trace buffer and logic analyzer display extend the power of the simulator to record and track program execution, actions on I/O, most peripherals and internal registers. The MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator fully supports symbolic debugging using the MPLAB XC Compilers, and the MPASM and MPLAB Assemblers. The software simulator offers the flexibility to develop and debug code outside of the hardware laboratory environment, making it an excellent, economical software development tool. 37.7 MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System The MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System is Microchip's next generation high-speed emulator for Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and programs all 8, 16 and 32-bit MCU, and DSC devices with the easy-to-use, powerful graphical user interface of the MPLAB X IDE. The emulator is connected to the design engineer's PC using a high-speed USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target with either a connector compatible with in-circuit debugger systems (RJ-11) or with the new high-speed, noise tolerant, LowVoltage Differential Signal (LVDS) interconnection (CAT5). The emulator is field upgradeable through future firmware downloads in MPLAB X IDE. MPLAB REAL ICE offers significant advantages over competitive emulators including full-speed emulation, run-time variable watches, trace analysis, complex breakpoints, logic probes, a ruggedized probe interface and long (up to three meters) interconnection cables. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 37.8 MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System is Microchip's most cost-effective, high-speed hardware debugger/programmer for Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and programs PIC Flash microcontrollers and dsPIC DSCs with the powerful, yet easy-to-use graphical user interface of the MPLAB IDE. The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger probe is connected to the design engineer's PC using a highspeed USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target with a connector compatible with the MPLAB ICD 2 or MPLAB REAL ICE systems (RJ-11). MPLAB ICD 3 supports all MPLAB ICD 2 headers. 37.9 PICkit 3 In-Circuit Debugger/ Programmer The MPLAB PICkit 3 allows debugging and programming of PIC and dsPIC Flash microcontrollers at a most affordable price point using the powerful graphical user interface of the MPLAB IDE. The MPLAB PICkit 3 is connected to the design engineer's PC using a fullspeed USB interface and can be connected to the target via a Microchip debug (RJ-11) connector (compatible with MPLAB ICD 3 and MPLAB REAL ICE). The connector uses two device I/O pins and the Reset line to implement in-circuit debugging and In-Circuit Serial ProgrammingTM (ICSPTM). 37.10 MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer The MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer is a universal, CE compliant device programmer with programmable voltage verification at VDDMIN and VDDMAX for maximum reliability. It features a large LCD display (128 x 64) for menus and error messages, and a modular, detachable socket assembly to support various package types. The ICSP cable assembly is included as a standard item. In Stand-Alone mode, the MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer can read, verify and program PIC devices without a PC connection. It can also set code protection in this mode. The MPLAB PM3 connects to the host PC via an RS-232 or USB cable. The MPLAB PM3 has high-speed communications and optimized algorithms for quick programming of large memory devices, and incorporates an MMC card for file storage and data applications. DS40001799C-page 443 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 37.11 Demonstration/Development Boards, Evaluation Kits, and Starter Kits A wide variety of demonstration, development and evaluation boards for various PIC MCUs and dsPIC DSCs allows quick application development on fully functional systems. Most boards include prototyping areas for adding custom circuitry and provide application firmware and source code for examination and modification. The boards support a variety of features, including LEDs, temperature sensors, switches, speakers, RS-232 interfaces, LCD displays, potentiometers and additional EEPROM memory. 37.12 Third-Party Development Tools Microchip also offers a great collection of tools from third-party vendors. These tools are carefully selected to offer good value and unique functionality. * Device Programmers and Gang Programmers from companies, such as SoftLog and CCS * Software Tools from companies, such as Gimpel and Trace Systems * Protocol Analyzers from companies, such as Saleae and Total Phase * Demonstration Boards from companies, such as MikroElektronika, Digilent(R) and Olimex * Embedded Ethernet Solutions from companies, such as EZ Web Lynx, WIZnet and IPLogika(R) The demonstration and development boards can be used in teaching environments, for prototyping custom circuits and for learning about various microcontroller applications. In addition to the PICDEMTM and dsPICDEMTM demonstration/development board series of circuits, Microchip has a line of evaluation kits and demonstration software for analog filter design, KEELOQ(R) security ICs, CAN, IrDA(R), PowerSmart battery management, SEEVAL(R) evaluation system, Sigma-Delta ADC, flow rate sensing, plus many more. Also available are starter kits that contain everything needed to experience the specified device. This usually includes a single application and debug capability, all on one board. Check the Microchip web page (www.microchip.com) for the complete list of demonstration, development and evaluation kits. DS40001799C-page 444 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 38.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 38.1 Package Marking Information 8-Lead PDIP (300 mil) Example XXXXXXXX XXXXXNNN 16F18313 P e3 017 YYWW 1110 8-Lead SOIC (3.90 mm) Example 16F18313I PIC16F18313 -I/SO e3 SN e3 1110 NNN Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: 1304017 017 Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week `01') Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 445 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Package Marking Information (Continued) 8-Lead UDFN (3x3x0.9 mm) XXXX YYWW NNN PIN 1 14-Lead PDIP (300 mil) Example MGR0 1110 017 PIN 1 Example PIC16F18323 P e3 1304017 14-Lead SOIC (3.90 mm) Example PIC16F18323 SO e3 1304017 14-Lead TSSOP (4.4 mm) Example XXXXXXXX YYWW NNN 16F18323 DS40001799C-page 446 1304 017 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Package Marking Information (Continued) 16-Lead UQFN (4x4x0.9 mm) PIN 1 Example PIN 1 PIC16 F18323 MV 130417 e3 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 447 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 TABLE 38-1: 8-LEAD 3x3 UDFN (RF) TOP MARKING Part Number Marking PIC16F18313 RF MGG0 PIC16LF18313 RF MGH0 DS40001799C-page 448 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 38.2 Package Details The following sections give the technical details of the packages. 8-Lead Plastic Dual In-Line (P) - 300 mil Body [PDIP] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D A N B E1 NOTE 1 1 2 TOP VIEW E C A2 A PLANE L c A1 e eB 8X b1 8X b .010 C SIDE VIEW END VIEW Microchip Technology Drawing No. C04-018D Sheet 1 of 2 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 449 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 8-Lead Plastic Dual In-Line (P) - 300 mil Body [PDIP] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging ALTERNATE LEAD DESIGN (VENDOR DEPENDENT) DATUM A DATUM A b b e 2 e 2 e Units Dimension Limits Number of Pins N e Pitch Top to Seating Plane A Molded Package Thickness A2 Base to Seating Plane A1 Shoulder to Shoulder Width E Molded Package Width E1 Overall Length D Tip to Seating Plane L c Lead Thickness Upper Lead Width b1 b Lower Lead Width Overall Row Spacing eB e MIN .115 .015 .290 .240 .348 .115 .008 .040 .014 - INCHES NOM 8 .100 BSC .130 .310 .250 .365 .130 .010 .060 .018 - MAX .210 .195 .325 .280 .400 .150 .015 .070 .022 .430 Notes: 1. Pin 1 visual index feature may vary, but must be located within the hatched area. 2. Significant Characteristic 3. Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010" per side. 4. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing No. C04-018D Sheet 2 of 2 DS40001799C-page 450 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 451 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS40001799C-page 452 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 ' !"#$%& ! "# $% &"' "" *$ ; % ?@@&&&! !@ $ 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 453 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 8-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Dual Flat, No Lead Package (RF) - 3x3x0.50 mm Body [UDFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D A B N (DATUM A) (DATUM B) E NOTE 1 2X 0.10 C 1 2X 2 TOP VIEW 0.10 C 0.05 C C SEATING PLANE A1 A 8X (A3) 0.05 C SIDE VIEW 0.10 C A B D2 1 2 L 0.10 C A B E2 NOTE 1 K N e 8X b 0.10 e 2 C A B BOTTOM VIEW Microchip Technology Drawing C04-254A Sheet 1 of 2 DS40001799C-page 454 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 8-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Dual Flat, No Lead Package (RF) - 3x3x0.50 mm Body [UDFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging Units Dimension Limits Number of Terminals N e Pitch A Overall Height Standoff A1 A3 Terminal Thickness Overall Width E E2 Exposed Pad Width D Overall Length D2 Exposed Pad Length b Terminal Width Terminal Length L K Terminal-to-Exposed-Pad MIN 0.45 0.00 1.40 2.20 0.25 0.35 0.20 MILLIMETERS NOM 8 0.65 BSC 0.50 0.02 0.065 REF 3.00 BSC 1.50 3.00 BSC 2.30 0.30 0.45 - MAX 0.55 0.05 1.60 2.40 0.35 0.55 - Notes: 1. Pin 1 visual index feature may vary, but must be located within the hatched area. 2. Package is saw singulated 3. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. REF: Reference Dimension, usually without tolerance, for information purposes only. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-254A Sheet 2 of 2 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 455 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 8-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Dual Flat, No Lead Package (RF) - 3x3x0.50 mm Body [UDFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging C X2 E Y2 X1 G1 G2 SILK SCREEN Y1 RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN Units Dimension Limits E Contact Pitch Optional Center Pad Width X2 Optional Center Pad Length Y2 Contact Pad Spacing C Contact Pad Width (X8) X1 Contact Pad Length (X8) Y1 Contact Pad to Contact Pad (X6) G1 Contact Pad to Center Pad (X8) G2 MIN MILLIMETERS NOM 0.65 BSC MAX 1.60 2.40 2.90 0.35 0.85 0.20 0.30 Notes: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-2254A DS40001799C-page 456 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 *+ ' , $ !"# ,$ & ! "# $% &"' "" *$ ; % ?@@&&&! !@ $ N NOTE 1 E1 1 3 2 D E A2 A L A1 c b1 b e eB }" !" !" ~#!Y ;*" ~\^ ~ ~ * G * ~ G|\ G GG{ G] G{ |" * G G{ ^ ]G ]{ %%*$ #% $"" #% % %%*$% ^G { J ]{ { { GG{ G] G{ G G{ YG { Y G G | * % } $"" %% & %% J & [ ] ' G *GJ"#%X;# !J 'Y#!#"Y %& % [;\ " ] !" "%^G% #%! %;" #" " %;" #" "" X%G "% !" % ^jG{ |\?|"!" XJ#" && # " 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. & \{| DS40001799C-page 457 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS40001799C-page 458 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 459 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 ' ! "# $% &"' "" *$ ; % ?@@&&&! !@ $ DS40001799C-page 460 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 461 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS40001799C-page 462 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 463 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D A B N NOTE 1 1 2 E (DATUM B) (DATUM A) 2X 0.20 C 2X TOP VIEW 0.20 C SEATING PLANE A1 0.10 C C A 16X (A3) 0.08 C SIDE VIEW 0.10 C A B D2 0.10 C A B E2 2 e 2 1 NOTE 1 K N 16X b 0.10 L e C A B BOTTOM VIEW Microchip Technology Drawing C04-257A Sheet 1 of 2 DS40001799C-page 464 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging Units Dimension Limits Number of Pins N e Pitch A Overall Height Standoff A1 A3 Terminal Thickness Overall Width E E2 Exposed Pad Width D Overall Length D2 Exposed Pad Length b Terminal Width Terminal Length L K Terminal-to-Exposed-Pad MIN 0.45 0.00 2.50 2.50 0.25 0.30 0.20 MILLIMETERS NOM 16 0.65 BSC 0.50 0.02 0.127 REF 4.00 BSC 2.60 4.00 BSC 2.60 0.30 0.40 - MAX 0.55 0.05 2.70 2.70 0.35 0.50 - Notes: 1. Pin 1 visual index feature may vary, but must be located within the hatched area. 2. Package is saw singulated 3. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. REF: Reference Dimension, usually without tolerance, for information purposes only. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-257A Sheet 2 of 2 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 465 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging C1 X2 16 1 2 C2 Y2 Y1 X1 E SILK SCREEN RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN Units Dimension Limits E Contact Pitch Optional Center Pad Width X2 Optional Center Pad Length Y2 Contact Pad Spacing C1 Contact Pad Spacing C2 Contact Pad Width (X16) X1 Contact Pad Length (X16) Y1 MIN MILLIMETERS NOM 0.65 BSC MAX 2.70 2.70 4.00 4.00 0.35 0.80 Notes: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-2257A DS40001799C-page 466 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 APPENDIX A: DATA SHEET REVISION HISTORY Revision A (07/2015) Initial release of the document. Revision B (12/2016) Minor updates brought to Table 1-1; Table 1-2; Table 1-3; Added new Chapter 2 "Guidelines for Getting Started with PIC16(L)F183XX Microcontrollers"; Updated Figure 3-1; Added Section 4.1.1.3 "NVMREG Access", Section 4.2.1 "BANK SELECTION"; Updated Table 6-1; Updated Figure 7-1; Updated Register 7-6; Updated Figure 8-2; Updated Register 9-1; Added Section 10.2.4 "WDT IS ALWAYS OFF"; Updated Table 11-2; Updated Example 11-4; Removed Example 11-5; Updated Figure 15-1; Updated Figure 18-2; Updated Figure 22-1; Updated Figure 29-1; Updated Figure 31-1. Revision C (7/2017) Minor electrical specs updated, Char Graphs updated for IDD. 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001799C-page 467 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 THE MICROCHIP WEBSITE CUSTOMER SUPPORT Microchip provides online support via our website at www.microchip.com. This website is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the website contains the following information: Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: * Product Support - Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user's guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software * General Technical Support - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing * Business of Microchip - Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives * * * * Distributor or Representative Local Sales Office Field Application Engineer (FAE) Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor, representative or Field Application Engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. Technical support is available through the website at: http://www.microchip.com/support CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip's customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. To register, access the Microchip website at www.microchip.com. Under "Support", click on "Customer Change Notification" and follow the registration instructions. DS40001799C-page 468 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18313/18323 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office . [X](1) PART NO. Device - X Tape and Reel Temperature Option Range /XX XXX Package Pattern Examples: a) b) Device: PIC16F18313, PIC16LF18313, PIC16F18323, PIC16LF18323 Tape and Reel Option: Blank T = Standard packaging (tube or tray) = Tape and Reel(1) Temperature Range: I E = -40C to +85C = -40C to +125C Package:(2) JQ P ST SL SN RF = = = = = = Pattern: (Industrial) (Extended) UQFN PDIP TSSOP SOIC-14 SOIC-8 UDFN QTP, SQTP, Code or Special Requirements (blank otherwise) 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16LF18313- I/P Industrial temperature PDIP package PIC16F18313- E/SS Extended temperature, SSOP package Note 1: 2: Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the catalog part number description. This identifier is used for ordering purposes and is not printed on the device package. Check with your Microchip Sales Office for package availability with the Tape and Reel option. Small form-factor packaging options may be available. Check www.microchip.com/packaging for small-form factor package availability, or contact your local Sales Office. DS40001799C-page 469 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: * Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. * Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. * There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip's Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. * Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. * Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as "unbreakable." Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip's code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer's risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company's quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC(R) MCUs and dsPIC(R) DSCs, KEELOQ(R) code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip's quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, AnyRate, AVR, AVR logo, AVR Freaks, BeaconThings, BitCloud, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CryptoMemory, CryptoRF, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, Heldo, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, LINK MD, maXStylus, maXTouch, MediaLB, megaAVR, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, picoPower, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, Prochip Designer, QTouch, RightTouch, SAM-BA, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash, tinyAVR, UNI/O, and XMEGA are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. ClockWorks, The Embedded Control Solutions Company, EtherSynch, Hyper Speed Control, HyperLight Load, IntelliMOS, mTouch, Precision Edge, and Quiet-Wire are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Adjacent Key Suppression, AKS, Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Any Capacitor, AnyIn, AnyOut, BodyCom, CodeGuard, CryptoAuthentication, CryptoCompanion, CryptoController, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, Dynamic Average Matching, DAM, ECAN, EtherGREEN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, InterChip Connectivity, JitterBlocker, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, Mindi, MiWi, motorBench, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, PureSilicon, QMatrix, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, Ripple Blocker, SAM-ICE, Serial Quad I/O, SMART-I.S., SQI, SuperSwitcher, SuperSwitcher II, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. (c) 2015-2017, Microchip Technology Incorporated, All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 978-1-5224-1966-2 == ISO/TS 16949 == DS40001799C-page 470 2015-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. 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France - Paris Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79 France - Saint Cloud Tel: 33-1-30-60-70-00 Germany - Garching Tel: 49-8931-9700 Germany - Haan Tel: 49-2129-3766400 Germany - Heilbronn Tel: 49-7131-67-3636 Germany - Karlsruhe Tel: 49-721-625370 Germany - Munich Tel: 49-89-627-144-0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44 Germany - Rosenheim Tel: 49-8031-354-560 Israel - Ra'anana Tel: 972-9-744-7705 Italy - Milan Tel: 39-0331-742611 Fax: 39-0331-466781 Italy - Padova Tel: 39-049-7625286 Netherlands - Drunen Tel: 31-416-690399 Fax: 31-416-690340 Norway - Trondheim Tel: 47-7289-7561 Poland - Warsaw Tel: 48-22-3325737 Romania - Bucharest Tel: 40-21-407-87-50 Spain - Madrid Tel: 34-91-708-08-90 Fax: 34-91-708-08-91 Sweden - Gothenberg Tel: 46-31-704-60-40 Sweden - Stockholm Tel: 46-8-5090-4654 UK - Wokingham Tel: 44-118-921-5800 Fax: 44-118-921-5820 DS40001799C-page 471 11/07/16 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Microchip: PIC16LF18313-E/SN PIC16LF18323-E/SL PIC16LF18323-I/JQ PIC16F18323-E/JQ PIC16LF18313T-I/RF PIC16F18313-I/RF PIC16F18323-I/JQ PIC16LF18313-I/SN PIC16LF18313-I/RF PIC16LF18313-I/P PIC16F18313TI/RF PIC16LF18313-E/RF PIC16LF18323-E/JQ PIC16F18313-E/RF PIC16F18323T-I/JQ PIC16LF18323-I/ST PIC16LF18323T-I/SL PIC16LF18313T-I/SN PIC16LF18323-E/ST PIC16LF18323-I/P PIC16LF18313-E/P PIC16LF18323T-I/ST PIC16LF18323-E/P PIC16LF18323-I/SL PIC16LF18323T-I/JQ PIC16F18313-E/MF PIC16F18313-E/MS PIC16F18313-E/P PIC16F18313-E/SN PIC16F18313-I/MS PIC16F18313T-I/MS PIC16F18323E/P PIC16F18323-E/SL PIC16F18323-E/ST