LM224J/NOPB - NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR

LM124,LM224,LM2902,LM324

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902 Low Power Quad Operational Amplifiers

Literature Number: SNOSC16B

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

Low Power Quad Operational Amplifiers

General Description

The LM124 series consists of four independent, high gain,

internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers

which were designed specifically to operate from a single

power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from

split power supplies is also possible and the low power

supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the

power supply voltage.

Application areas include transducer amplifiers, DC gain

blocks and all the conventional op amp circuits which now

can be more easily implemented in single power supply

systems. For example, the LM124 series can be directly

operated off of the standard +5V power supply voltage which

is used in digital systems and will easily provide the required

interface electronics without requiring the additional ±15V

power supplies.

Unique Characteristics

nIn the linear mode the input common-mode voltage

range includes ground and the output voltage can also

swing to ground, even though operated from only a

single power supply voltage

nThe unity gain cross frequency is temperature

compensated

nThe input bias current is also temperature compensated

Advantages

nEliminates need for dual supplies

nFour internally compensated op amps in a single

package

nAllows directly sensing near GND and V

OUT

also goes

to GND

nCompatible with all forms of logic

nPower drain suitable for battery operation

Features

nInternally frequency compensated for unity gain

nLarge DC voltage gain 100 dB

nWide bandwidth (unity gain) 1 MHz

(temperature compensated)

nWide power supply range:

Single supply 3V to 32V

or dual supplies ±1.5V to ±16V

nVery low supply current drain (700 µA) — essentially

independent of supply voltage

nLow input biasing current 45 nA

(temperature compensated)

nLow input offset voltage 2 mV

and offset current: 5 nA

nInput common-mode voltage range includes ground

nDifferential input voltage range equal to the power

supply voltage

nLarge output voltage swing 0V to V

− 1.5V

Connection Diagrams

Dual-In-Line Package

00929901

Top View

Order Number LM124J, LM124AJ, LM124J/883 (Note 2), LM124AJ/883 (Note 1), LM224J,

LM224AJ, LM324J, LM324M, LM324MX, LM324AM, LM324AMX, LM2902M, LM2902MX, LM324N, LM324AN,

LM324MT, LM324MTX or LM2902N LM124AJRQML and LM124AJRQMLV(Note 3)

See NS Package Number J14A, M14A or N14A

August 2000

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902 Low Power Quad Operational Amplifiers

Connection Diagrams (Continued)

00929933

Order Number LM124AW/883, LM124AWG/883, LM124W/883 or LM124WG/883

LM124AWRQML and LM124AWRQMLV(Note 3)

See NS Package Number W14B

LM124AWGRQML and LM124AWGRQMLV(Note 3)

See NS Package Number WG14A

Note 1: LM124A available per JM38510/11006

Note 2: LM124 available per JM38510/11005

Note 3: See STD Mil DWG 5962R99504 for Radiation Tolerant Device

Schematic Diagram (Each Amplifier)

00929902

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 2

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 12)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

LM124/LM224/LM324 LM2902

LM124A/LM224A/LM324A

Supply Voltage, V

32V 26V

Differential Input Voltage 32V 26V

Input Voltage −0.3V to +32V −0.3V to +26V

Input Current

<−0.3V) (Note 6) 50 mA 50 mA

Power Dissipation (Note 4)

Molded DIP 1130 mW 1130 mW

Cavity DIP 1260 mW 1260 mW

Small Outline Package 800 mW 800 mW

Output Short-Circuit to GND

(One Amplifier) (Note 5)

≤15V and T

= 25˚C Continuous Continuous

Operating Temperature Range −40˚C to +85˚C

LM324/LM324A 0˚C to +70˚C

LM224/LM224A −25˚C to +85˚C

LM124/LM124A −55˚C to +125˚C

Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to +150˚C −65˚C to +150˚C

Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 seconds) 260˚C 260˚C

Soldering Information

Dual-In-Line Package

Soldering (10 seconds) 260˚C 260˚C

Small Outline Package

Vapor Phase (60 seconds) 215˚C 215˚C

Infrared (15 seconds) 220˚C 220˚C

See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering surface mount

devices.

ESD Tolerance (Note 13) 250V 250V

Electrical Characteristics

= +5.0V, (Note 7), unless otherwise stated

Parameter Conditions LM124A LM224A LM324A Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Input Offset Voltage (Note 8) T

= 25˚C 1 2 1 3 2 3 mV

Input Bias Current I

IN(+)

or I

IN(−)

= 0V, 20 50 40 80 45 100 nA

(Note 9) T

= 25˚C

Input Offset Current I

IN(+)

or I

IN(−)

= 0V, 2 10 2 15 5 30 nA

= 25˚C

Input Common-Mode V

= 30V, (LM2902, V

= 26V), 0 V

−1.5 0 V

−1.5 V

Voltage Range (Note

10)

= 25˚C

Supply Current Over Full Temperature Range

=∞On All Op Amps mA

= 30V (LM2902 V

= 26V) 1.5 3 1.5 3 1.5 3

= 5V 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2

Large Signal V

= 15V, R

≥2kΩ, 50 100 50 100 25 100 V/mV

Voltage Gain (V

= 1V to 11V), T

= 25˚C

Common-Mode DC, V

=0VtoV

− 1.5V, 70 85 70 85 65 85 dB

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com3

Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

= +5.0V, (Note 7), unless otherwise stated

Parameter Conditions LM124A LM224A LM324A Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Rejection Ratio T

= 25˚C

Power Supply V

=5Vto30V

Rejection Ratio (LM2902, V

= 5V to 26V), 65 100 65 100 65 100 dB

= 25˚C

Amplifier-to-Amplifier f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz, T

= 25˚C −120 −120 −120 dB

Coupling (Note 11) (Input Referred)

Output

Current

Source V

IN+

= 1V, V

IN−

= 0V, 20 40 20 40 20 40

= 15V, V

= 2V, T

= 25˚C mA

Sink V

IN−

= 1V, V

IN+

= 0V, 10 20 10 20 10 20

= 15V, V

= 2V, T

= 25˚C

IN−

= 1V, V

IN+

= 0V, 12 50 12 50 12 50 µA

= 15V, V

= 200 mV, T

= 25˚C

Short Circuit to Ground (Note 5) V

= 15V, T

= 25˚C 40 60 40 60 40 60 mA

Input Offset Voltage (Note 8) 4 4 5 mV

Drift R

=0Ω7 20 7 20 7 30 µV/˚C

Input Offset Current I

IN(+)

−I

IN(−)

=0V 303075nA

Drift R

=0Ω10 200 10 200 10 300 pA/˚C

Input Bias Current I

IN(+)

or I

IN(−)

40 100 40 100 40 200 nA

Input Common-Mode V

= +30V 0 V

−2 0 V

−2 V

Voltage Range (Note

10)

(LM2902, V

= 26V)

Large Signal V

= +15V (V

Swing = 1V to 11V)

Voltage Gain R

≥2kΩ25 25 15 V/mV

Output

Voltage

= 30V R

=2kΩ26 26 26 V

Swing (LM2902, V

= 26V) R

=10kΩ27 28 27 28 27 28

= 5V, R

=10kΩ520 520 520mV

Output

Current

Source V

=2V V

IN+

= +1V, 10 20 10 20 10 20

IN−

= 0V,

= 15V mA

Sink V

IN−

= +1V, 10 15 5 8 5 8

IN+

= 0V,

= 15V

Electrical Characteristics

= +5.0V, (Note 7), unless otherwise stated

Parameter Conditions LM124/LM224 LM324 LM2902 Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Input Offset Voltage (Note 8) T

= 25˚C 2 5 2 7 2 7 mV

Input Bias Current I

IN(+)

or I

IN(−)

= 0V, 45 150 45 250 45 250 nA

(Note 9) T

= 25˚C

Input Offset Current I

IN(+)

or I

IN(−)

= 0V, 3 30 5 50 5 50 nA

= 25˚C

Input Common-Mode V

= 30V, (LM2902, V

= 26V), 0 V

−1.5 0 V

−1.5 V

Voltage Range (Note

10)

= 25˚C

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 4

Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

= +5.0V, (Note 7), unless otherwise stated

Parameter Conditions LM124/LM224 LM324 LM2902 Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Supply Current Over Full Temperature Range

=∞On All Op Amps mA

= 30V (LM2902 V

= 26V) 1.5 3 1.5 3 1.5 3

= 5V 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2

Large Signal V

= 15V, R

≥2kΩ, 50 100 25 100 25 100 V/mV

Voltage Gain (V

= 1V to 11V), T

= 25˚C

Common-Mode DC, V

=0VtoV

− 1.5V, 70 85 65 85 50 70 dB

Rejection Ratio T

= 25˚C

Power Supply V

=5Vto30V

Rejection Ratio (LM2902, V

= 5V to 26V), 65 100 65 100 50 100 dB

= 25˚C

Amplifier-to-Amplifier f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz, T

= 25˚C −120 −120 −120 dB

Coupling (Note 11) (Input Referred)

Output

Current

Source V

IN+

= 1V, V

IN−

= 0V, 20 40 20 40 20 40

= 15V, V

= 2V, T

= 25˚C mA

Sink V

IN−

= 1V, V

IN+

= 0V, 10 20 10 20 10 20

= 15V, V

= 2V, T

= 25˚C

IN−

= 1V, V

IN+

= 0V, 12 50 12 50 12 50 µA

= 15V, V

= 200 mV, T

= 25˚C

Short Circuit to Ground (Note 5) V

= 15V, T

= 25˚C 40 60 40 60 40 60 mA

Input Offset Voltage (Note 8) 7 9 10 mV

Drift R

=0Ω7 7 7 µV/˚C

Input Offset Current I

IN(+)

−I

IN(−)

= 0V 100 150 45 200 nA

Drift R

=0Ω10 10 10 pA/˚C

Input Bias Current I

IN(+)

or I

IN(−)

40 300 40 500 40 500 nA

Input Common-Mode V

= +30V 0 V

−2 0 V

−2 V

Voltage Range (Note

10)

(LM2902, V

= 26V)

Large Signal V

= +15V (V

Swing = 1V to 11V)

Voltage Gain R

≥2kΩ25 15 15 V/mV

Output

Voltage

= 30V R

=2kΩ26 26 22 V

Swing (LM2902, V

= 26V) R

=10kΩ27 28 27 28 23 24

= 5V, R

=10kΩ5 20 5 20 5 100 mV

Output

Current

Source V

=2V V

IN+

= +1V, 10 20 10 20 10 20

IN−

= 0V,

= 15V mA

Sink V

IN−

= +1V, 5 8 5 8 5 8

IN+

= 0V,

= 15V

Note 4: For operating at high temperatures, the LM324/LM324A/LM2902 must be derated based on a +125˚C maximum junction temperature and a thermal

resistance of 88˚C/W which applies for the device soldered in a printed circuit board, operating in a still air ambient. The LM224/LM224A and LM124/LM124A can

be derated based on a +150˚C maximum junction temperature. The dissipation is the total of all four amplifiers — use external resistors, where possible, to allow the

amplifier to saturate of to reduce the power which is dissipated in the integrated circuit.

Note 5: Short circuits from the output to V+can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. When considering short circuits to ground, the maximum output

current is approximately 40 mA independent of the magnitude of V+. At values of supply voltage in excess of +15V, continuous short-circuits can exceed the power

dissipation ratings and cause eventual destruction. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous shorts on all amplifiers.

Note 6: This input current will only exist when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base junction of the input PNP

transistors becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input diode clamps. In addition to this diode action, there is also lateral NPN parasitic transistor action

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com5

Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

on the IC chip. This transistor action can cause the output voltages of the op amps to go to the V+voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time duration

that an input is driven negative. This is not destructive and normal output states will re-establish when the input voltage, which was negative, again returns to a value

greater than −0.3V (at 25˚C).

Note 7: These specifications are limited to −55˚C ≤TA≤+125˚C for the LM124/LM124A. With the LM224/LM224A, all temperature specifications are limited to

−25˚C ≤TA≤+85˚C, the LM324/LM324A temperature specifications are limited to 0˚C ≤TA≤+70˚C, and the LM2902 specifications are limited to −40˚C ≤TA≤

+85˚C.

Note 8: VO.1.4V, RS=0Ωwith V+from 5V to 30V; and over the full input common-mode range (0V to V+− 1.5V) for LM2902, V+from 5V to 26V.

Note 9: The direction of the input current is out of the IC due to the PNP input stage. This current is essentially constant, independent of the state of the outputso

no loading change exists on the input lines.

Note 10: The input common-mode voltage of either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3V (at 25˚C). The upper end of the

common-mode voltage range is V+− 1.5V (at 25˚C), but either or both inputs can go to +32V without damage (+26V for LM2902), independent of the magnitude

of V+.

Note 11: Due to proximity of external components, insure that coupling is not originating via stray capacitance between these external parts. This typically can be

detected as this type of capacitance increases at higher frequencies.

Note 12: Refer to RETS124AX for LM124A military specifications and refer to RETS124X for LM124 military specifications.

Note 13: Human body model, 1.5 kΩin series with 100 pF.

Typical Performance Characteristics

Input Voltage Range Input Current

00929934 00929935

Supply Current Voltage Gain

00929936 00929937

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 6

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Open Loop Frequency

Response

Common Mode Rejection

Ratio

00929938

00929939

Voltage Follower Pulse

Response

Voltage Follower Pulse

Response (Small Signal)

00929940 00929941

Large Signal Frequency

Response

Output Characteristics

Current Sourcing

00929942 00929943

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com7

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Output Characteristics

Current Sinking Current Limiting

00929944 00929945

Input Current (LM2902 only) Voltage Gain (LM2902 only)

00929946 00929947

Application Hints

The LM124 series are op amps which operate with only a

single power supply voltage, have true-differential inputs,

and remain in the linear mode with an input common-mode

voltage of 0 V

. These amplifiers operate over a wide range

of power supply voltage with little change in performance

characteristics. At 25˚C amplifier operation is possible down

to a minimum supply voltage of 2.3 V

The pinouts of the package have been designed to simplify

PC board layouts. Inverting inputs are adjacent to outputs for

all of the amplifiers and the outputs have also been placed at

the corners of the package (pins 1, 7, 8, and 14).

Precautions should be taken to insure that the power supply

for the integrated circuit never becomes reversed in polarity

or that the unit is not inadvertently installed backwards in a

test socket as an unlimited current surge through the result-

ing forward diode within the IC could cause fusing of the

internal conductors and result in a destroyed unit.

Large differential input voltages can be easily accommo-

dated and, as input differential voltage protection diodes are

not needed, no large input currents result from large differ-

ential input voltages. The differential input voltage may be

larger than V

without damaging the device. Protection

should be provided to prevent the input voltages from going

negative more than −0.3 V

(at 25˚C). An input clamp diode

with a resistor to the IC input terminal can be used.

To reduce the power supply drain, the amplifiers have a

class A output stage for small signal levels which converts to

class B in a large signal mode. This allows the amplifiers to

both source and sink large output currents. Therefore both

NPN and PNP external current boost transistors can be used

to extend the power capability of the basic amplifiers. The

output voltage needs to raise approximately 1 diode drop

above ground to bias the on-chip vertical PNP transistor for

output current sinking applications.

For ac applications, where the load is capacitively coupled to

the output of the amplifier, a resistor should be used, from

the output of the amplifier to ground to increase the class A

bias current and prevent crossover distortion.

Where the load is directly coupled, as in dc applications,

there is no crossover distortion.

Capacitive loads which are applied directly to the output of

the amplifier reduce the loop stability margin. Values of

50 pF can be accommodated using the worst-case non-

inverting unity gain connection. Large closed loop gains or

resistive isolation should be used if larger load capacitance

must be driven by the amplifier.

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 8

Application Hints (Continued)

The bias network of the LM124 establishes a drain current

which is independent of the magnitude of the power supply

voltage over the range of from 3 V

to 30 V

Output short circuits either to ground or to the positive power

supply should be of short time duration. Units can be de-

stroyed, not as a result of the short circuit current causing

metal fusing, but rather due to the large increase in IC chip

dissipation which will cause eventual failure due to exces-

sive junction temperatures. Putting direct short-circuits on

more than one amplifier at a time will increase the total IC

power dissipation to destructive levels, if not properly pro-

tected with external dissipation limiting resistors in series

with the output leads of the amplifiers. The larger value of

output source current which is available at 25˚C provides a

larger output current capability at elevated temperatures

(see typical performance characteristics) than a standard IC

op amp.

The circuits presented in the section on typical applications

emphasize operation on only a single power supply voltage.

If complementary power supplies are available, all of the

standard op amp circuits can be used. In general, introduc-

ing a pseudo-ground (a bias voltage reference of V

/2) will

allow operation above and below this value in single power

supply systems. Many application circuits are shown which

take advantage of the wide input common-mode voltage

range which includes ground. In most cases, input biasing is

not required and input voltages which range to ground can

easily be accommodated.

Typical Single-Supply Applications (V

= 5.0 V

)

Non-Inverting DC Gain (0V Input = 0V Output)

00929905

*R not needed due to temperature independent IIN

DC Summing Amplifier

IN’S

≥0V

and V

≥V

) Power Amplifier

00929906

Where: V0=V

1+V

2−V

3−V

(V1+V

2)≥(V3+V

4) to keep VO>0V

00929907

V0=0V

DC for VIN =0V

AV=10

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com9

Typical Single-Supply Applications (V

= 5.0 V

) (Continued)

LED Driver “BI-QUAD” RC Active Bandpass Filter

00929908

00929909

fo= 1 kHz

Q=50

AV= 100 (40 dB)

Fixed Current Sources Lamp Driver

00929910

00929911

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 10

Typical Single-Supply Applications

(V+= 5.0 V

) (Continued)

Current Monitor

00929912

*(Increase R1 for ILsmall)

Driving TTL

00929913

Voltage Follower

00929914

Pulse Generator

00929915

Squarewave Oscillator

00929916

Pulse Generator

00929917

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com11

Typical Single-Supply Applications (V

= 5.0 V

) (Continued)

High Compliance Current Sink

00929918

IO= 1 amp/volt VIN

(Increase REfor Iosmall)

Low Drift Peak Detector

00929919

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 12

Typical Single-Supply Applications (V

= 5.0 V

) (Continued)

Comparator with Hysteresis Ground Referencing a Differential Input Signal

00929920

00929921

VO=V

Voltage Controlled Oscillator Circuit

00929922

*Wide control voltage range: 0 VDC ≤VC≤2(V

+−1.5 VDC)

Photo Voltaic-Cell Amplifier

00929923

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com13

Typical Single-Supply Applications (V

= 5.0 V

) (Continued)

AC Coupled Inverting Amplifier

00929924

AC Coupled Non-Inverting Amplifier

00929925

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 14

Typical Single-Supply Applications (V

= 5.0 V

) (Continued)

DC Coupled Low-Pass RC Active Filter

00929926

fO= 1 kHz

Q=1

AV=2

High Input Z, DC Differential Amplifier

00929927

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com15

Typical Single-Supply Applications (V

= 5.0 V

) (Continued)

High Input Z Adjustable-Gain

DC Instrumentation Amplifier

00929928

Using Symmetrical Amplifiers to

Reduce Input Current (General Concept)

00929929

Bridge Current Amplifier

00929930

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 16

Typical Single-Supply Applications (V

= 5.0 V

) (Continued)

Bandpass Active Filter

00929931

fO= 1 kHz

Q=25

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com17

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

Ceramic Dual-In-Line Package (J)

Order Number JL124ABCA, JL124BCA, JL124ASCA, JL124SCA, LM124J,

LM124AJ, LM124AJ/883, LM124J/883, LM224J, LM224AJ or LM324J

NS Package Number J14A

MX S.O. Package (M)

Order Number LM324M, LM324MX, LM324AM, LM324AMX, LM2902M or LM2902MX

NS Package Number M14A

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com 18

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

Molded Dual-In-Line Package (N)

Order Number LM324N, LM324AN or LM2902N

NS Package Number N14A

Ceramic Flatpak Package

Order Number JL124ABDA, JL124ABZA, JL124ASDA, JL124BDA, JL124BZA,

JL124SDA, LM124AW/883, LM124AWG/883, LM124W/883 or LM124WG/883

NS Package Number W14B

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902

www.national.com19

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

14-Pin TSSOP

Order NumberLM324MT or LM324MTX

NS Package Number MTC14

LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT

DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL

COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:

1. Life support devices or systems are devices or

systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant

into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and

whose failure to perform when properly used in

accordance with instructions for use provided in the

labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a

significant injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a life

support device or system whose failure to perform

can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of

the life support device or system, or to affect its

safety or effectiveness.

BANNED SUBSTANCE COMPLIANCE

National Semiconductor certifies that the products and packing materials meet the provisions of the Customer Products

Stewardship Specification (CSP-9-111C2) and the Banned Substances and Materials of Interest Specification

(CSP-9-111S2) and contain no ‘‘Banned Substances’’ as defined in CSP-9-111S2.

National Semiconductor

Americas Customer

Support Center

Email: new.feedback@nsc.com

Tel: 1-800-272-9959

National Semiconductor

Europe Customer Support Center

Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86

Email: europe.support@nsc.com

Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208

English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171

Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790

National Semiconductor

Asia Pacific Customer

Support Center

Email: ap.support@nsc.com

National Semiconductor

Japan Customer Support Center

Fax: 81-3-5639-7507

Email: jpn.feedback@nsc.com

Tel: 81-3-5639-7560

www.national.com

LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902 Low Power Quad Operational Amplifiers

National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

IMPORTANT NOTICE

Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements,

and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should

obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are

sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.

TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard

warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where

mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.

TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and

applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide

adequate design and operating safeguards.

TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right,

or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information

published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a

warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual

property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI.

Reproduction of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied

by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive

business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional

restrictions.

Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all

express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not

responsible or liable for any such statements.

TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably

be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing

such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and

acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products

and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be

provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in

such safety-critical applications.

TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments unless the TI products are

specifically designated by TI as military-grade or "enhanced plastic."Only products designated by TI as military-grade meet military

specifications. Buyers acknowledge and agree that any such use of TI products which TI has not designated as military-grade is solely at

the Buyer's risk, and that they are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use.

TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in automotive applications or environments unless the specific TI products are

designated by TI as compliant with ISO/TS 16949 requirements. Buyers acknowledge and agree that, if they use any non-designated

products in automotive applications, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet such requirements.

Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions:

Products Applications

Audio www.ti.com/audio Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications

Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Computers and Peripherals www.ti.com/computers

Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Consumer Electronics www.ti.com/consumer-apps

DLP®Products www.dlp.com Energy and Lighting www.ti.com/energy

DSP dsp.ti.com Industrial www.ti.com/industrial

Clocks and Timers www.ti.com/clocks Medical www.ti.com/medical

Interface interface.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security

Logic logic.ti.com Space, Avionics and Defense www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense

Power Mgmt power.ti.com Transportation and Automotive www.ti.com/automotive

Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Video and Imaging www.ti.com/video

RFID www.ti-rfid.com

OMAP Mobile Processors www.ti.com/omap

Wireless Connectivity www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity

TI E2E Community Home Page e2e.ti.com

Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265